JP3912713B2 - Gradient ladder and ladder installation method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ladder that is used by being built on a structure having an inclined surface such as a roof of a building.
[0002]
[Prior art / problems to be solved by the invention]
For example, as shown in FIG. 7, when various maintenance work such as inspection and sealing work around the top light is performed by descending from the roof floor R of the building and descending onto the roof 5, If it has the above gradient, it is difficult to work directly down on the down roof 5 and it is necessary to use lifting means such as a ladder L10 as shown in FIG.
[0003]
However, it is troublesome to install the ladder L10 and the like on the sloped surface such as the downed roof 5 from above. For example, when installing a ladder along a vertical surface such as an outer wall surface, the ladder may be lowered vertically. In the case of the above gradient surface, the ladder is moved along the gradient surface. In particular, since the lower end of the ladder L10 must be pushed forward and then lowered onto the inclined surface as shown by the arrow A10 in FIG. This operation is harder to perform as the ladder L10 is longer or heavier.
[0004]
Further, it is often difficult to install the ladder L10 sufficiently stably, and thus the safety during the maintenance work tends to be insufficient. Furthermore, there are cases where it is troublesome or difficult to change the position of the ladder L10, and there is a problem that the maintenance work is likely to be inefficient or insufficient.
[0005]
This invention is made | formed in view of said point, and it aims at providing the ladder which can be easily installed also in the structure which has an inclined surface.
[0006]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for installing a ladder that can stably install a ladder on a structure having an inclined surface and can easily adjust the position thereof.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a sloped surface ladder according to claim 1 of the present invention is a ladder for installation and use in a structure having a sloped surface, and is locked to the structure. The upper ladder is provided with a hook for the upper part, and the entire ladder is configured by detachably connecting a plurality of divided parts of the upper element, the intermediate part element, and the lower element, and the height is adjusted to the lower end part of the lower element. A wheel fixed so as not to be able to turn while being supported by an axis parallel to the width direction of the lower element through a bracket that supports the lower element is provided.
[0008]
The gradient surface ladder according to claim 2 of the present invention is the gradient surface ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that at least an upper end portion is provided with a handrail.
[0009]
The ladder installation method according to claim 3 of the present invention is a method of installing a ladder on a structure having a sloped surface, and is supported by a hooking projection already provided on the structure. 3. A material is installed, and the slope surface ladder wheel according to claim 1 and 2 is slid on the slope surface to lower the slope surface ladder, and the slope surface ladder hook is locked to the horizontal member. those characterized that you set up a ladder for the inclined surface to.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to embodiments. FIG. 1 shows a slope ladder according to an embodiment of the present invention. A sloped surface ladder (hereinafter also simply referred to as a ladder) L1 shown in FIG. 1 has a structure in which a hook 2 and wheels 3 are provided on a ladder body 1.
[0012]
The ladder body 1 is configured by connecting a plurality of divided bodies 1T, 1M, and 1B in the vertical direction. Each of the divided bodies 1T, 1M, 1B is a member made of aluminum, and has a basic configuration in which a plurality of horizontal rails are installed between both side members extending in the vertical direction, like a normal ladder. Yes.
[0013]
Among the plurality of divided bodies 1T, 1M, 1B, in a divided body (hereinafter referred to as an upper element) 1T constituting the uppermost portion, as shown in FIG. 2, hooks 2 are attached to the upper ends of both side members 1a, 1a. 2 are arranged respectively. U bolts 11 and 11 are fixed to the upper ends of the both side members 1a and 1a so as to protrude outward, and the hooks 2 and 2 are connected to the U bolts 11 and 11 via a chain. Has been. The hooks 2 and 2 are provided with latches 2a and 2a, respectively, as means for preventing detachment.
[0014]
Short legs 1b are disposed in the vicinity of the upper end and the lower end (total of four locations) of the side members 1a, 1a of the upper element 1T. The leg 1b is a member that supports the ladder L1 with respect to the installation surface, and extends in the direction of the back side of the upper element 1T, that is, along the direction perpendicular to the surface constituted by the side members 1a, 1a and the cross rail. It is provided so as to protrude in the lateral direction. An elastic material 1c is disposed at the free end of the leg 1b.
[0015]
Upper ends of both side members 1d and 1d of a divided body (hereinafter referred to as an intermediate portion element) 1M constituting an intermediate portion are detachably connected to lower ends of both side members 1a and 1a of the upper element 1T. Insertion pieces 12 and 12 each having two pin insertion holes on the upper and lower sides thereof are joined to the lower ends of both side members 1a and 1a of the upper element 1T so as to protrude downward. By attaching a U-shaped plate in a top view to the upper ends of both side members 1d, 1d of the intermediate element 1M from the outside so as to form a slight gap inside, the buckle portion 13 , 13 are provided, and the buckle portions 13, 13 are provided with connecting pins 13a, 13a, respectively, that can enter and leave the gap. Further, pin insertion holes 14 and 14 are respectively disposed slightly below the buckle portions 13 and 13.
[0016]
The insertion pieces 12 and 12 of the upper element 1T are inserted into the buckle portions 13 and 13, the connection pins 13a and 13a are inserted into the pin insertion holes on the upper side of the insertion pieces 12 and 12, and the lower pins The upper element 1T and the intermediate element 1M are connected by inserting and locking a toggle pin (not shown) into the insertion hole and the pin insertion holes 14 and 14 of the intermediate element 1M.
[0017]
The intermediate element 1M has substantially the same configuration as the upper element 1T except for the upper end.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 3, the upper ends of both side members 1e and 1e of a divided body (hereinafter referred to as a lower element) 1B constituting the lower end portion can be attached to and detached from the lower ends of both side members 1d and 1d of the intermediate element 1M. Connected to This connection structure is the same as the connection structure between the upper element 1T and the intermediate element 1M shown in FIG.
[0019]
The lower element 1B has the same configuration as the intermediate element 1M except for the lower end.
[0020]
Wheels 3 and 3 are disposed at the lower ends of the side members 1e and 1e of the lower element 1B, respectively. The wheels 3 and 3 are fixed so that they cannot turn while being supported by an axis parallel to the width direction of the lower element 1B. As shown, the lower end of the ladder L1 can be slid substantially along the length direction of the ladder L1. The wheels 3 and 3 are attached to the lower ends of the both side members 1e and 1e via brackets 3a and 3a that support the wheels 3 and 3 so as to be adjustable in height.
[0021]
A handrail 4 as shown in FIG. 1 is attached to the ladder L1 on both the left and right sides as necessary (only one handrail 4 is shown in FIG. 1). The handrail 4 is configured by forming a pipe in a frame shape and has a substantially rectangular outer shape with two long side portions and two short side portions facing each other, and corners located at both ends of the long side portion are rounded. Is formed. A pipe is installed in parallel with the short side at a position slightly closer to the short side than the center, and the pipe in the substantially central part and the pipe in the short side that is slightly close to the pipe are The other long side portion, that is, the both ends slightly protrude outward from the long side portion facing the round long side portion to form short protruding pieces 4a and 4a, respectively.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 2, in the vicinity of the upper end and the lower end of the outer side surfaces of the two side members 1a, 1a in the upper element 1T, more specifically, at a position slightly inward from the arrangement position of the legs 1b, Short pipes 4b extending in the same direction as the legs 1b are respectively disposed, and the protruding pieces 4a of the handrail 4 are inserted and fixed to the pipes 4b.
[0023]
The length of the ladder L1 can be adjusted stepwise by omitting the intermediate element 1M or adding a necessary number thereof. When the ladder L1 is reduced, the upper element 1T and the lower element 1B may be directly connected. When the ladder L1 is extended, a necessary number of intermediate portions are provided between the upper element 1T and the lower element 1B. What is necessary is just to add and connect the element 1M.
[0024]
Hereinafter, an example of the method of installing the ladder L1 on the roof of the building will be sequentially described.
(1) First, as shown in FIG. 4, the horizontal member 6 is installed on the upper end portion of the suspended roof 5.
[0025]
In the example shown here, a loop-shaped portion 7 for attaching a safety belt is already provided at a plurality of appropriate positions along the upper edge of the down roof 5. The loop portion 7 is provided so as to be fixed on the roof flow surface of the roof 5 by hanging down both ends of the half ring-shaped member. On the other hand, a single pipe is used as the horizontal member 6, and both ends thereof are hooked on the loop-like portion 7 via clamps 6 a and the like, and along the upper edge of the roof 5. The horizontal member 6 is constructed in a horizontal state. The clamp 6a is also provided with a loop-shaped latching portion, and the latching portion of the clamp 6a and the loop-shaped portion 7 of the hanging roof 5 are latched via a shackle 8 or the like. It is like that. The clamp 6 a is provided with an elastic material (not shown) made of rubber or the like for interposing with the under roof 5.
[0026]
(2) Next, the ladder L1 is assembled.
[0027]
The ladder L1 is assembled so as to have an appropriate length according to the length of the down roof 5, and a handrail 4 is attached if necessary.
[0028]
(3) Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the ladder L1 is lowered downward along the roof flow surface.
[0029]
At this time, the lower end of the ladder L1 may be slid by the wheels 3 and 3 on the roof flow surface. At this time, if the handrail 4 is attached, the ladder L1 can be handled more easily by gripping the handrail 4, and the handrail 4 protrudes from the upper end of the ladder L1 as shown in FIG. If attached in such a manner, the ladder L1 becomes easier to handle.
[0030]
(4) Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the ladder L <b> 1 is suspended and fixed to the roof 5 so that the upper end is locked to the horizontal member 6.
[0031]
At this time, the upper end of the ladder L1 may be locked to the horizontal member 6 by the hooks 2 and 2. Thereby, the upper end of the ladder L <b> 1 is locked and fixed to the hanging roof 5 via the horizontal member 6.
[0032]
When the ladder L1 is removed, a procedure almost reverse to the above may be performed.
[0033]
According to the ladder L1, hooks 2 and 2 for locking to a structure having a gradient surface are provided at the upper end, and wheels 3 and 3 for sliding on the gradient surface of the structure are provided at the lower end. Since the lower end is slid on the gradient surface by the wheels 3 and 3 and the upper end is locked to the structure by the hooks 2 and 2, the gradient is provided. The ladder L1 can be easily installed along the surface. That is, since the ladder L1 can be lowered while the lower end is supported on the slope surface, the ladder L1 can be easily installed from above without requiring a large amount of labor.
[0034]
Furthermore, according to the ladder L1, the handrail 4 is provided at the upper end, so that it is easier to move up and down and the ladder L1 can be installed and removed more easily by using the handrail 4 as a handle. It can be carried out.
[0035]
Furthermore, according to the ladder L1, the length can be adjusted stepwise according to the installation location because the plurality of divided bodies 1T, 1M, 1B are detachably connected. Dividing makes it easier to transport and store.
[0036]
Further, according to the above-described ladder installation method, the horizontal member 6 is supported so as to be supported by the hooking protrusions already provided on the structure having the sloped surface, that is, the loop-like portion 7 of the down roof 5. Since the ladder L1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is installed so as to be locked to the horizontal member 6, the ladder L1 can be installed sufficiently stably. Further, since the ladder L1 can be easily moved in the lateral direction along the horizontal member 6, its position can be easily changed.
[0037]
Various changes can be added to the ladder L1 and its installation method. For example, the ladder L1 may be integrally formed without being divided into a plurality. Further, in this case, the ladder L1 may be configured to be extendable / contractible by folding, sliding, or the like (not shown).
[0038]
Further, for example, a handrail may be provided on the intermediate element 1M or the lower element 1B of the ladder L1 in substantially the same manner as described above (not shown). However, this is advantageous in terms of raising and lowering the ladder L1, but has a tendency to become an obstacle during maintenance work, and is somewhat disadvantageous in terms of weight reduction.
[0039]
Further, for example, the ladder L1 is suitable for any structure as long as it is a structure having a sloped surface other than the roof of the building and has a structure capable of locking the ladder L1. Can be installed. Furthermore, if the structure has a structure capable of locking the ladder L1, the ladder L1 can be installed and used even on a vertical surface such as an outer wall surface of a building.
[0040]
Further, as a hooking projection for supporting the horizontal member 6, any one other than the loop-like portion 7 can be used. For example, a hook-like projection, a bolt, etc. It may be. Furthermore, when the structure itself has a portion that can function in the same manner as the horizontal member 6, the ladder L1 is directly locked and fixed to the structure without the horizontal member 6. Also good.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the gradient surface ladder of the first aspect of the present invention, the upper end portion is provided with the hook for locking to the structure having the gradient surface, and the entire ladder is composed of the upper element and the intermediate element. An axis parallel to the width direction of the lower element through a bracket that is configured by detachably connecting a plurality of divided parts of the lower element and is supported at the lower end of the lower element so that the height can be adjusted. It is provided with a wheel that is fixed so that it cannot turn while being supported by the wheel, so that the lower end is slid on the gradient surface by the wheel, and the upper end is locked to the structure by the hook. Thus, the ladder can be easily installed along the inclined surface. In other words, since the ladder can be lowered while the lower end is supported on the inclined surface, even if the length and weight of the ladder are slightly increased, the ladder can be easily installed from above with relatively little effort. it can. In addition, since it is configured by detachably connecting a plurality of divided bodies, the length can be adjusted stepwise according to the installation location, and transportation, storage, etc. are facilitated by dividing. .
[0042]
In addition, according to the sloped surface ladder according to claim 2 of the present invention, since the handrail is provided at least at the upper end, it is easier to move up and down, and the ladder can be installed and used by using the handrail as a handle. Removal can be performed more easily.
[0043]
In addition, according to the ladder installation method according to claim 3 of the present invention, a horizontal member is constructed by supporting the hanging protrusion already provided on the structure , and according to claims 1 and 2. The slope surface ladder wheel is slid on the slope surface to lower the slope surface ladder, and the slope surface ladder hook is engaged with the horizontal member to install the slope surface ladder. Therefore, the ladder can be installed with sufficient stability, and thus safety during maintenance work can be sufficiently ensured. In addition, since the ladder can be easily moved in the horizontal direction along the horizontal member, the position can be easily changed. Therefore, the maintenance operation can be performed efficiently and fully.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a slope ladder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an exploded perspective view showing an upper element, an intermediate element, and a connecting structure of the sloped surface ladder of FIG. 1; FIG.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a lower element of the slope surface ladder of FIG. 1 and a connecting structure thereof.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a first step of a ladder installation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a second stroke following the first stroke of FIG. 4;
6 is a schematic diagram showing a third stroke following the second stroke of FIG. 5. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a conventional ladder installation method.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Hook 3 Wheel 5 Climbing roof (structure with sloped surface)
6 Horizontal member 7 Loop part (protruding part for hooking)
L1 Ladder for sloped surface

Claims (3)

A ladder for use in a structure having a sloped surface,
A hook for locking to the structure is provided at the upper end portion, and the entire ladder is configured by detachably connecting a plurality of divided bodies of an upper element, an intermediate element, and a lower element , and the lower element Characterized by comprising a wheel fixed so as not to be able to turn in a state of being supported by an axis parallel to the width direction of the lower element via a bracket that is supported at the lower end of the lower element so as to be adjustable in height . ladder.   The ladder for a slope according to claim 1, further comprising a handrail at least at an upper end portion. A method of installing a ladder on a structure having a sloped surface,
A horizontal member is erected by supporting it on a hooking protrusion already provided on the structure, and the gradient surface ladder is slid on the gradient surface by sliding the wheels of the gradient surface ladder according to claim 1 and 2. The ladder installation method, wherein the ladder for sloped surface is installed by lowering and hooking the hook of the ladder for sloped surface to the horizontal member.

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