JP3911233B2 - Shock absorber and shock absorbing method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an impact absorbing device and an impact absorbing method used for an impact absorbing fence such as a falling rock protective fence provided on the slope or on the side of a road in order to protect the road from falling rocks, avalanches, and falling soil and sand. Is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art As rock fall protection fences provided on the slope or on the side of a road to protect a road, a fence in which a horizontal rope or a wire net is stretched between pillars standing at a predetermined interval is known.
When a falling rock collides with the horizontal rope of such a falling rock protection fence, the impact force caused by the falling rock generated on the protection fence is momentarily transmitted to the support pillar, and the support pillar and installation ground In general, a so-called stay rope is stretched between them, and an impact absorbing device is generally attached between the support pillar and the stay rope.
This shock absorber generates frictional force by gripping the holding rope, and when the impact force due to falling rocks exceeds the frictional force between the shock absorbing device and the holding rope, the shocking rope is allowed to slide and the impact force is increased. It is a mechanism to attenuate.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
The above-described conventional impact absorbing device generally has a basic configuration of a fastening bolt that holds a rope to which an external force is introduced with a pair of plates and is screwed between the pair of plates. Since the frictional force that affects the shock absorbing force is determined by the fastening force of the bolt, it is difficult to always apply a constant frictional force, and skill is required to apply a constant frictional force to multiple shock absorbing devices. . For this reason, much time and labor are required for attachment of an impact-absorbing device.
[0004]
In addition, it is ideal that the shock absorbing device provided on the column of the shock absorbing fence is always set to slip with a constant frictional force, but in the conventional gripping type shock absorbing device, during the slip when absorbing the shock Since the plate body is worn away, the tension varies and is not constant.
In addition, it is difficult to always maintain a constant frictional force because it is impossible to assume a manufacturing error of the shock absorbing device or a place where the falling rock collides with the column.
[0005]
[Object of the present invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide the following shock absorbing device and shock absorbing method.
<A> An impact absorbing device and an impact absorbing method capable of always maintaining an impact force constant during a slip.
<B> When a plurality of shock absorbing devices are attached to the shock absorbing fence, the shock absorbing device and the shock absorbing method capable of absorbing the shocks evenly.
<C> A shock absorbing device and a shock absorbing method capable of arbitrarily controlling the shock absorbing power together with the amount of displacement of the shock absorber.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention includes a plurality of load transmission bodies having a shell structure that absorbs external force by three-dimensional shape deformation , and the external force acts as a compressive force on the plurality of load transmission bodies. The shock absorbing device is characterized in that the strength against deformation of the plurality of load transmission bodies is arranged as a different combination so that the three-dimensional shape deformation is performed in order from the weakest load transmission body .
A plurality of load transmission bodies having a shell structure that absorbs external force by three-dimensional shape deformation; and transmission means for transmitting external force as compression force to the plurality of load transmission bodies. When the external force acts as a compressive force, the strength against deformation of the plurality of load transmission bodies is arranged on the same line as different combinations so as to deform three-dimensionally in order from the weakest load transmission body. A shock absorbing device is provided.
Further, using the above-described shock absorbing device, wherein a plurality of load transmission member constituting the shock absorbing device when the external force is applied as a compressive force, and is not a three-dimensional deformation in order from strongest weak load transfer member There is provided a shock absorbing method characterized by absorbing shock.
[0007]
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1
A case where the present invention is applied to the shock absorbing device 10 shock absorbing fence will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory perspective view of an impact absorbing device 10 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory front view of the impact absorbing device 10, and FIG.
[0008]
<A> Basic structure of shock absorbing device In FIG. 1, a holding rope 40 is arranged between a pillar constituting the shock absorbing fence and an anchor not shown in the figure. It is arranged between the holding rope 40.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shock absorbing device 10 of the present invention is basically provided with a load transmission body 11 having a plurality of shell structures and a transmission means 12 for transmitting an external force.
[0009]
<B> Load transmission body The load transmission body 11 is a member for absorbing external force by three-dimensional shape deformation formed so as to exhibit a shell structure. The load transmission body 11 is formed by appropriately selecting a steel material, a rubber material, a resin material, or the like according to the purpose of use.
Here, the three-dimensional shape deformation means that the shape of the load transmitting body 11 is deformed by elastic deformation or plastic deformation.
Moreover, the load transmission body 11 shown in FIG.2 and FIG.3 is only what showed an example of the shell structure, and if it is a shell structure which formed the space inside the load transmission body, it will be what kind of shape Good.
The load transmission body 11 reduces the load transmitted by its own deformation resistance.
[0010]
In this example, the case where a plurality of load transmission bodies 11 are formed of steel and are arranged on the same line in a state where the respective opening edges are combined so as to exhibit an abacus shape will be described. Any arrangement may be used as long as it is capable of transmitting a load to each other, and the arrangement need not necessarily be on the same line.
[0011]
The opening end of the load transmitting body 11 is formed with a concave portion 113 and a convex portion 114 for preventing rotation, but it is not always necessary.
When the recessed part 113 and the convex part 114 are formed in the opening edge part of the load transmission body 11, it combines so that each concave part 113 and the convex part 114 may be fitted, and an abacus shape may be exhibited.
[0012]
A predetermined number of holes 111 that can penetrate the locking member 13 are provided in the peripheral surface portion of the load transmitting body 11. In this example, holes are provided at four locations of each load transmitting body.
[0013]
The load transmitting body 11 can accurately set the impact absorbing force of the impact absorbing device 10 by combining a plurality of different or equivalent strengths against plastic deformation. The strength against plastic deformation of the load transfer body 11 is set by appropriately changing the thickness and material.
[0014]
<C> Transmission means The transmission means 12 is a means for transmitting an external force to the load transmission body 11 as a compression force. In this example, the transmission means 12 composed of the bearing member 121 and the locking member 122 is employed, but the present invention is not limited to this, and any means that can transmit an external force to the load transmission body 11 is acceptable.
[0015]
<D> Supporting Member The supporting member 121 is a member that is positioned at both ends of the plurality of load transmitting bodies 11 and presses in the compression direction, and at least the load transmitting body 11 is formed in a shape that can be supported.
The support member 121 is provided with a hole 121a through which the locking member 122 can be inserted at a position that is collinear with the corresponding hole 111 of the load transmitting body.
[0016]
<E> Locking member Locking member 122 is a member for connecting the impact absorbing device 10 to a reaction force member, a shock generating rope, or the like. In this example, a U-shaped bolt that has a U-shape, penetrates the plurality of load transmission bodies 11 and the support member 12 and can lock a rope or the like at the end thereof is adopted. It is sufficient if an external force can be introduced into the supporting member.
The locking member 122 has a bifurcated end passing through the hole 121a of the support member 121 and the hole 111 of the load transmitting body 11, and then a nut 122b is screwed onto a female thread 122a formed at the bifurcated end. Fix it.
[0017]
[Action]
<I> Collision force absorbing fallen stone collides with the protection net 30 of the shock absorbing fence. When this collision force exceeds a certain value, the column 20 starts to tilt in the valley direction, and the collision force, which is an external force, propagates to the impact absorbing device 10 through the upper portion of the column 20.
[0018]
Specifically, the collision force (F1, F2) is introduced from the locking member 122 of the transmission means 12 of the shock absorbing device 10, and the load bearing members 121, 121 are displaced so as to be attracted to each other, so that the load transmission body 11 To compress the plurality of load transmission bodies 11 (FIG. 4A).
And when the said compressive force exceeds the yield strength of the load transmission body 11, the load transmission body 11 will be elastically deformed or plastically deformed, and the impact force introduced into the impact-absorbing device 10 will be buffered by the deformability, and the kinetic energy of falling rocks Can be absorbed (FIG. 4B). It is possible to arbitrarily control the shock absorbing force together with the amount of displacement of the load transmission body 11.
[0019]
Further, even when a rotational force is applied to the impact absorbing device, the impact is absorbed efficiently by generating a rotational resistance because it is fitted by the concave portion 114 and the convex portion 113 at the opening end. it can.
[0020]
The above is a description of an example of the shock absorbing method using the shock absorbing device 10 of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the point is that external force can be introduced into the transmission means 12 of the shock absorbing device 10. It is only necessary to install the shock absorbing device 10 and it can be used for various shock absorbing applications.
[0021]
Second Embodiment of the Invention
As the present embodiment, the impact absorbing device 10 can have a plurality of load transmission bodies 11 having different strengths against three-dimensional deformation. This example demonstrates the case where the load transmission body 11 is formed from steel materials.
[0022]
When the plurality of shock absorbing devices 10 and 10 according to the present embodiment are used between the left and right support columns 20 and 20 of the shock absorbing fence and the holding rope 40 as shown in FIG. 5, or as shown in FIG. It is effective to use the rope 40 and the shock absorbing device 10 in the form of a plurality of installations in a plane V shape with respect to the support column 20 which can be tilted and fixed to the hinge.
[0023]
In the shock absorbing fence, it is difficult to assume that the collision force is evenly transmitted to the left and right shock absorbing devices 10, and the collision force concentrates on one of the shock absorbing devices 10 to accelerate the damage of the shock absorbing device 10 and eventually the shock. There is also a risk of premature damage to the absorption fence itself.
However, in this example, since the four sets of load transmission bodies 11 are set to have different strength against elastic deformation or plastic deformation, first, the load transmission body 11 having the weakest strength of the load transmission body 11 of one of the shock absorbers 10 is used. When the body 11 is elastically deformed or plastically deformed, the load transmitting body 11 having the weakest strength of the load transmitting body 11 of the other impact absorbing device 10 is elastically deformed or plastically deformed to absorb the impact force. Then, elastic deformation or plastic deformation of the load transmission body 11 is repeated in accordance with the strength of the load transmission body 11. As a result, even if a falling rock is near one of the shock absorbers 10, it can cooperate with the other shock absorber 10 to absorb the impact force evenly and efficiently.
In this way, it is possible to provide an impact absorbing device that can be cushioned loosely at first and gradually buffered strongly.
[0024]
Embodiment 3 of the Invention
The shock absorbing device 10 of the present invention is not limited in its mounting position on the shock absorbing fence, and may be mounted, for example, by interposing between the ropes for suspending the horizontal rope or the wire mesh constituting the protective net (not shown). .
Moreover, as a use of the impact-absorbing device 10 of this invention, it can use other than fences, such as an impact-absorbing fence, for example, can also be used for the guard rail etc. which stretched | stretched the rope between support | pillars. In short, it can be used for any application by interposing between the transmission paths of the impact force or in the middle of the member on which the tension acts.
[0025]
[Effect of the present invention]
Since the present invention has been described above, the following effects can be obtained.
<A> The impact can be absorbed by the deformation of the replaceable load transmitting body.
<B> At first, it can be buffered loosely and gradually buffered strongly.
<C> Energy absorption can be set by increasing or decreasing the load transmission body.
<D> When a plurality of shock absorbing devices are attached to the shock absorbing fence, they can share each other and absorb external forces.
<E> It is possible to replace only the deformed load transmission body instead of the entire shock absorbing device and reuse it, which is very economical.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view of an impact absorbing device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory front view of the shock absorbing device.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a load transmission body.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an impact absorption state by a load transmission body.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of how to use the shock absorbing device.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of Embodiment 2 of the invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Shock absorber 11 ... Load transmission body 12 ... Transmission means 121 ... Supporting member 122 ... Locking member 20 ... Post 30 ... Protection net 40 ... Retaining rope

Claims (3)

A plurality of load transmission bodies having a shell structure that absorbs external force by three-dimensional shape deformation ;
When an external force acts as a compressive force on the plurality of load transmission bodies, the strength against deformation of the plurality of load transmission bodies is arranged as a different combination so that the three-dimensional shape deformation is performed in order from the weakest load transmission body. It is characterized by
Shock absorber. A plurality of load transmission bodies having a shell structure that absorbs external force by three-dimensional shape deformation;
A transmission means for transmitting an external force as a compressive force to the plurality of load transmission bodies;
When external force acts as a compressive force on the plurality of load transmission bodies, the strength against deformation of the plurality of load transmission bodies is collinearly different from each other so that the three-dimensional shape deformation is performed in order from the weakest load transmission body. It is characterized by being arranged in the
Shock absorber. Using the impact absorbing device according to claim 1 or 2,
When an external force acts as a compressive force on a plurality of load transmission bodies constituting the shock absorbing device, the impact is absorbed by three-dimensional shape deformation in order from the weakest load transmission body ,
Shock absorption method.

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