JP3908655B2 - Communication apparatus and communication method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a communication band control technique in a communication apparatus, and relates to a communication band control technique in an optical communication apparatus such as a PON (Passive Optical Network).
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional technique, there is an optical multi-branch communication system disclosed in JP-A-2002-77212.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a simplified configuration of a communication system according to the prior art.
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a master station in which the transmission path in the PON section is duplicated and has a branch switching function and a DBA (Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation) function.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a slave station accommodated in the master station 1, and reference numerals 31 and 32 denote 0-system and 1-system optical couplers for connecting the master station and the slave station.
41 and 42 are a 0-system and a 1-system having a function of monitoring the uplink transmission band usage for each slave station or each path, a fault detection function for the slave station or transmission path, and a function for detecting a change in the number of slave stations or the number of paths. It is a PON termination and upstream transmission band monitoring unit.
Reference numerals 51 and 52 denote 0-system and 1-system DBA function units, and 61 and 62 denote 0-system and 1-system failure / change monitoring units.
7 is the minimum guaranteed bandwidth when the start-up and when the distribution balance to the 0 system or 1 system is lost due to the failure of the slave station or transmission path or the change in the number of slave stations or paths. If the sum of the maximum bandwidth and the minimum guaranteed bandwidth is no longer equal, or if the sum of the maximum bandwidth and the minimum guaranteed bandwidth is not substantially equal This is a transmission path setting selection unit that performs transmission path setting selection for each slave station or for each path in both systems when any of the bands is not substantially equal. Criteria for setting selection are as follows: Criteria (1) Good distribution balance to 0 system or 1 system, Criteria (2) Sum of minimum guaranteed bandwidth is almost equal, Criteria (3) Maximum bandwidth The sum is substantially equal, the criterion (4) is the sum of the differences between the maximum bandwidth and the minimum guaranteed bandwidth, and the criterion (5) is the sum of the set bands is substantially equal.
A selector switch unit 8 controls the path of the input signal from both systems and the output signal to both systems in accordance with the selection information from the transmission path setting selection unit 7.
91 and 92 are PON termination units on the slave station side 0 system and 1 system, and 10 is a transmission path setting selection unit that performs transmission path setting selection for each path in both systems according to transmission path setting selection information from the master station side. is there. A selector switch unit 11 controls the path of the input signal from both systems and the output signal to both systems in accordance with the selection information from the transmission path setting selection unit 10.
As a unit for setting and selecting a transmission path by the master station 1, every slave station or each path can be considered. However, for simplicity, it is assumed that only one path is set for one slave station.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-77212
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional optical multi-branch system is configured as described above, but has the following problems.
First, considering an Internet connection as an example, a slave station installed in a company (in this case, only one path is set for one slave station for the sake of simplicity, only “slave station” is expressed below. The upstream signal input to) increases at daytime and decreases at night. On the contrary, the upstream signal input to the slave station installed in a general household increases at night and decreases at noon. In addition, with respect to fluctuations in signal input in one week, there are slave stations that increase and decrease on weekends. Thus, the fluctuation of the upstream signal input to the slave station has a temporal fluctuation characteristic having an arbitrary period for each slave station.
[0005]
As an example, FIG. 6 shows temporal changes in uplink signals input to each of the four slave stations in one day. For example, it is assumed that the slave station 21 and the slave station 22 are installed in a company, and the slave station 23 and the slave station 24 are installed in a general household. Both systems are operating normally, and for simplicity, it is assumed that the four slave stations have the same minimum guaranteed bandwidth, maximum bandwidth, set bandwidth, and period (one day) of time variation characteristics for each slave station. In addition, the uplink signal amount input to the slave station does not exceed the maximum bandwidth, and is directly used as the uplink transmission bandwidth usage by the DBA function.
[0006]
In the prior art, the criteria for allocating the slave stations to the 0-system or 1-system are the above-mentioned criteria (1) to criteria (5). In the case of FIG. Four slave stations are judged to be equivalent in the standard. As a result, the slave station 21 and the slave station 22 may be assigned to the 0 system, and the slave station 23 and the slave station 24 may be assigned to the 1 system. In such a case, the increase of the upstream signal is concentrated on either the 0 system or the 1 system in the daytime or night time zone.
[0007]
Similarly, an example of one week is shown in FIG.
Also in the case of FIG. 7, the slave station 21 and the slave station 22 may be assigned to the 0 system, and the slave station 23 and the slave station 24 may be assigned to the 1 system. In such a case, the increase of the upstream signal is concentrated on either the 0 system or the 1 system on Monday to Friday, Saturday, or Sunday.
[0008]
When the increase in upstream signals is concentrated in one system, in the concentrated system, the surplus bandwidth that other slave stations connected to the same system can use in the DBA function decreases, and conversely the increase in signals is concentrated. In a system that is not, the surplus bandwidth that other slave stations can use with the DBA function increases. However, the change in the setting selection by the transmission line setting selection unit 7 in the prior art is due to the failure of the slave station or the transmission path or the change in the number of slave stations or the number of paths. If the balance of distribution to the system is lost, (2) the sum of the minimum guaranteed bandwidth is not substantially equal, (3) the sum of the maximum bandwidth is not substantially equal, (4) the maximum bandwidth and the minimum guaranteed bandwidth If the sum of the difference between the two is no longer substantially uniform, and (5) it is limited to the case where the sum of the set bands is no longer substantially uniform, the system selected in the initial setting is fixed. Become. As a result, it is not possible to avoid the concentration of the increase in the uplink signal that occurs periodically due to the temporal variation characteristic to one system.
[0009]
As described above, in the conventional technique, even when the increase of the uplink signal is concentrated in one system in a certain time zone, it is not possible to change the transmission path setting selection. It was. In other words, in the prior art, there is no function that takes into account the temporal variation characteristics of the uplink transmission band usage for each slave station or each path, so slave stations or paths with similar temporal variation characteristics are set to be biased to the same system. Even if it is selected, the setting selection cannot be changed, and the increase in the uplink transmission band usage cannot be concentrated on one system. As a result, it was a problem that the upstream bandwidth could not be effectively used.
[0010]
The main object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and the main object is to effectively use the transmission band in consideration of the temporal variation characteristics of the transmission band usage. To do.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The communication device according to the present invention is
Communication that is connected to each of a plurality of transmission lines connected to each of a plurality of opposite devices, sets a transmission line used for communication for each opposite device, and communicates with each opposite device using the set transmission line A device,
A fluctuation characteristic learning unit that monitors communication band usage for each opposite device and learns fluctuation characteristics of communication band usage with respect to time for each opposite device;
A transmission line setting selection unit configured to select and select a transmission line used for communication with respect to any one of the opposite devices based on a learning result of the fluctuation characteristic by the fluctuation characteristic learning unit.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
[0013]
FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a communication system according to the present embodiment.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a master station, which corresponds to an example of a communication device. Reference numeral 2 denotes a slave station, which corresponds to a counter device. Although only one slave station 2 is shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of slave stations 2 are connected to the master station 1 via a duplexed transmission path. Each slave station may accommodate a plurality of paths.
In FIG. 1, compared with FIG. 5, the upstream transmission band usage variation characteristic learning unit 12 is added in the master station 1, and the 0-system DBA function unit 51, the 1-system DBA function unit 52, and the transmission path setting selection unit 7 adds functions to be described later. Other portions are the same as those shown in FIG. The uplink transmission band usage amount fluctuation characteristic learning unit 12 corresponds to a fluctuation characteristic learning unit.
The configuration of the slave station 2 is the same as that shown in FIG.
[0014]
In the 0-system DBA function unit 51 and the 1-system DBA function unit 52, transmission band information indicating the uplink transmission band usage (communication band usage) for each slave station or path set and selected for each system is uplink transmitted. A function of outputting to the bandwidth usage variation characteristic learning unit 12 is added.
The uplink transmission band use amount fluctuation characteristic learning unit 12 acquires the uplink transmission band information for each slave station or path set and selected for the 0 system from the 0 system DBA function unit 51 and performs uplink transmission for each slave station or for each path. Monitors the bandwidth usage and monitors the upstream transmission bandwidth usage for each slave station or path by acquiring the upstream transmission bandwidth information for each slave station or path selected from the 1-system DBA function unit 52. Based on these, the fluctuation characteristics of the temporal upstream transmission band usage are statistically learned for each slave station or for each path for all slave stations or all paths.
Learning is defined as “W _n = f _n (t), 0 ≦ t, _where W is the upstream transmission band usage, N is the number of slave stations or paths, t is time, and T is the period of the fluctuation characteristics to be learned. The m-order function f _n (m: integer) represented by <T, n = 1, 2, 3,... N is approximated as much as possible to the temporal variation of the actual uplink transmission band usage. This is to be obtained for each slave station or for each path. The order m of the function to be learned and the type of the function can be set. The larger the order m, the higher the accuracy of the fluctuation characteristics that can be learned. Examples of the function f _n include a linear function and a non-linear function. The sin function “F (x) = Asin (Bx + C) + D: A, B, C, and D are arbitrary real numbers” and the sigmoid function “F (x ) = A / {B + exp (−Cx + D)} + E: A, B, C, D, E are arbitrary real numbers ”or a single type or a function composed of a plurality of sums. . When the period of learning the function _{f n} and _{T L, T L} is an integral multiple _(T L = PT, P: integer) of the T it is, can be arbitrarily set T and _{T L.} For example, T can be one day, _TL can be one week, T can be one week, and _TL can be one month. Also, triggers for starting re-learning (for example, a failure of a slave station or a path or a command from a device administrator), learning frequency Q (finite number or infinite number), learning frequency (for example, learning in the first week of each month) Or the learning interval L can be arbitrarily set.
[0015]
When the learning period _TL ends, the uplink transmission band usage fluctuation characteristic learning unit 12 obtains a learning result for the transmission path setting selection unit 7 for every slave station or all paths learned for each slave station or each path. Characteristic information (function f _n , period T, etc.) and setting selection change request are output.
FIG. 2 shows a flowchart regarding learning.
[0016]
Learning of the function f _n (t) for the slave station n or the path n will be described.
As an example of the function, if an m-order function “f _n (t) = a _{n, m} t ^m + a _{n, m−1} t ^m−1 +... + A _{n, 1} t + a _{n, 0} ”, each coefficient “ a _{n, m} , a _{n, m−1} ,..., a _{n, 0} ”. If the least square error method is used for learning and the actual uplink transmission band usage at an arbitrary sample time t = t _x (0 ≦ t _x <T) during the learning period is W _nx , | f _n ( t _{x) -W} nx ^| each coefficient as a value of ² is smaller, _{"a n, m, a n,} m-1, ..., a n, 0 " learning period _{T L} is completed for each value of Repeat the correction until
[0017]
The transmission line setting selection unit 7 to which the setting selection change request is input from the uplink transmission band usage fluctuation characteristic learning unit 12 receives the parameters (minimum guaranteed bandwidth, maximum value) set for every child station or every path at the time of initial setting. The transmission path setting selection is changed based on the fluctuation characteristic information (function f _n , period T, etc.) for each slave station or each path input from the upstream transmission band usage fluctuation characteristic learning unit 12. .
The criteria for allocating to the 0-system or 1-system for each slave station or each path are, for example, the criteria of the prior art. ▼ The sum of the minimum guaranteed bandwidth is substantially equal, the criterion (3) The sum of the maximum bandwidth is substantially equal, and the criterion (4) The sum of the differences between the maximum bandwidth and the minimum guaranteed bandwidth is substantially equal. Criteria (5) The sum of set bands is substantially equal, and criteria added in this embodiment (6) Slave stations or paths with similar temporal variation characteristics of upstream transmission band usage are the same It is not biased to the system.
When there is a time zone in which the transmission band usage is biased on either one of the transmission lines of the 0 system and the 1 system, that is, the transmission band usage of the 0 system transmission path and the transmission band usage of the 1 system transmission path When there is a change in the transmission line, the transmission line setting selection unit 7 changes the transmission line setting for any of the slave stations so as to suppress the fluctuation with respect to time by applying the criterion (6).
It should be noted that the determination criteria {circle over (1)} to the determination criteria {circle around (6)} can be arbitrarily weighted, and the weights can also be set. When a failure occurs in the slave station or the transmission path, or when the number of slave stations or the number of paths changes, a setting selection change request is issued from the 0-system failure / change monitoring unit 61 or the 1-system failure / change monitoring unit 62. Is input, and the transmission line setting selection is changed according to the same determination criteria. However, when the learning of the fluctuation characteristics is not completed, the above criterion (6) is excluded.
[0018]
By adding functions as described above, setting parameters related to learning (learning period T _L , learning count Q, learning interval L, etc.) can be arbitrarily set to change transmission path setting selection for each slave station or for each path. Can be performed dynamically. Also, by considering the time variation characteristics, it is avoided that slave stations or paths with similar time variation characteristics are intensively selected and selected in the same system, and the increase in upstream transmission bandwidth usage is reduced to one system. Concentration can be avoided. As a result, a temporal statistical multiplexing effect can be obtained with respect to the amount of uplink transmission band used in both systems, the surplus band that can be used with the DBA function is not biased to one system, and the use efficiency of the uplink transmission band is improved.
[0019]
As an example, the operation when this embodiment is applied to the case of FIG. 6 will be described with reference to FIG.
For the sake of simplicity, the function to be learned is a quadratic function f _n (t) = an _{, 2} t ² + an _{, 1} t + a _{n, 0} , and the period is one day. coefficients a _{n, 2} of 22 becomes a negative value, the slave station 23, the coefficient a _{n, 2} of the slave station 24 becomes a positive value (the graph of the characteristic function of FIG. 3, in response to these learning result ) Since the determination criteria (1) to (5) are the same for the four slave stations, the slave station 21 and the slave station 22 or the slave station 23 and the slave station 24 are added according to the decision criterion (6) added in the present embodiment. Are selected and set as separate systems. FIG. 3 shows a situation where the slave station 22 is changed from the 0 system to the 1 system and the slave station 24 is changed from the 1 system to the 0 system as an example. By changing the transmission line setting by the transmission line setting selection unit 7, the transmission bandwidths of the transmission lines of both systems as shown in the graph 301 of the upstream transmission band of the 0 system and the graph 302 of the upstream transmission band of the 1 system in FIG. Temporal fluctuations in usage are suppressed.
As a result, a temporal statistical multiplexing effect can be obtained in both systems with respect to an increase or decrease in the uplink transmission band usage, and the band can be effectively used.
[0020]
Next, the operation when this embodiment is applied to the case of FIG. 7 will be described with reference to FIG.
Learning to function sigmoid function _f n _(t) = a _{a n / {b n + exp} (-c n t + d n)} + e n, when the period one week, the learning results slave station 21, the coefficient of the child station 22 the product a _n · c _n a negative value, the slave station 23, the product a _n · c _n of the coefficients of the slave station 24 has a positive value (graphs of the characteristic function of FIG. 4, in these learning result Yes)
Accordingly, the slave station 21 and the slave station 22 or the slave station 23 and the slave station 24 are set and selected as separate systems, respectively. FIG. 4 shows a situation where the slave station 22 is changed from the 0 system to the 1 system and the slave station 24 is changed from the 1 system to the 0 system as an example. By changing the transmission line setting by the transmission line setting selection unit 7, as shown in the graph 401 of the upstream transmission band of system 0 and the graph 402 of the upstream transmission band of system 1 in FIG. Temporal fluctuations in usage are suppressed.
As a result, a temporal statistical multiplexing effect can be obtained in both systems with respect to an increase or decrease in the uplink transmission band usage, and the band can be effectively used.
[0021]
As described above, in the master station (communication device) according to the present embodiment, the transmission path in the PON section is duplexed, both systems can be used as the active system, and the system can be switched for each slave station or each path. A communication apparatus having a DBA function capable of dynamically allocating bandwidth for each slave station or each path in a system configuration capable of branch switching, and when both transmission systems are normally operated, It is characterized in that a transmission path is dynamically set and selected for each slave station or for each path based on the temporal variation characteristic of the amount of uplink transmission band used for each path.
[0022]
As described above, conventionally, the transmission path for each slave station or each path is set and selected based on various setting parameters (minimum guaranteed bandwidth, maximum bandwidth, set bandwidth, etc.) at the time of initial setting. It was fixed unless the number of stations or the number of paths fluctuated. However, the temporal fluctuation of the uplink transmission band usage during actual operation has characteristics for each slave station or path, and when a slave station or path with similar characteristics is set and selected for the same system, a certain time zone The increase or decrease in the amount of uplink transmission band usage is concentrated on one system and becomes inefficient.
Therefore, the master station according to the present embodiment first learns the temporal variation characteristics of the uplink transmission band usage for each slave station or each path, and based on the temporal variation characteristics and various setting parameters at the initial setting. It is characterized in that a transmission path is dynamically set and selected for each slave station or for each path, and concentration of an increase or decrease in uplink transmission band usage in one system is avoided. As a result, a temporal statistical multiplexing effect is obtained, and the bandwidth can be effectively used.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the fluctuation characteristics with respect to time of the communication band usage amount are learned for each opposing device or for each path, and the transmission path used for communication is set for any opposing device or path based on the learning result. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the increase or decrease of the communication band usage amount from being concentrated on a specific transmission path, and the communication band can be effectively used.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a communication system according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of a time variation characteristic learning process according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of transmission path change processing according to the first embodiment;
4 is a diagram showing an example of transmission path change processing according to Embodiment 1. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a conventional technique.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a conventional technique.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a conventional technique.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Master station, 2 Slave station, 7 Transmission line setting selection part, 8 Selector switch part, 10 Transmission line setting selection part, 11 Selector switch part, 12 Uplink transmission band use amount fluctuation characteristic learning part, 310 system optical coupler, 32 1 system optical coupler, 4 0 system PON termination and upstream transmission band monitoring unit, 42 1 system PON termination and upstream transmission band monitoring unit, 5 10 system DBA function unit, 52 1 system DBA function unit, 6 10 system fault / change monitoring 62, 1 system failure / change monitoring section, 910 system PON termination section, 92 1 system PON termination section.

Claims (7)

Each is connected to a transmission line of a plurality systems that are connected to each of the plurality of the opposing device, and set the system of the transmission path used for communication for each opposing device, each of the opposite device using the transmission path of the system set A communication device that communicates with
A fluctuation characteristic learning unit that monitors communication band usage for each opposite device and learns fluctuation characteristics of communication band usage with respect to time for each opposite device;
Based on the learning result of the variation characteristic by the variation characteristic learning unit, the transmission line system used for communication is set and selected for each opposite device so that the opposite devices having similar temporal variation characteristics are not set to the same system. A communication apparatus comprising: a transmission path setting selection unit. The transmission line setting selection unit
The transmission path system used for communication is set and selected for each counter device without changing the maximum bandwidth of each transmission path system based on the learning result of the fluctuation characteristics by the fluctuation characteristic learning unit. Item 4. The communication device according to Item 1. Each is connected to a transmission line of a plurality systems that are connected to each of the plurality of the opposing device, and set the system of the transmission path used for communication for each path contained in each of the opposing device, transmission system set A communication device that performs communication for each path using a road,
A fluctuation characteristic learning unit that monitors communication band usage for each path and learns fluctuation characteristics of communication band usage with respect to time for each path;
A transmission line for setting and selecting a transmission line system used for communication for each path so that paths having similar temporal fluctuation characteristics are not set and selected in the same system based on the learning result of the fluctuation characteristic by the fluctuation characteristic learning unit. A communication apparatus comprising: a setting selection unit. The transmission line setting selection unit
The transmission path system used for communication is set and selected for each path without changing the maximum bandwidth of each transmission path system based on the learning result of the fluctuation characteristics by the fluctuation characteristic learning unit. 3. The communication device according to 3 . The communication device
The communication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the communication apparatus is an optical communication apparatus that performs optical communication with a plurality of opposing apparatuses. Each are possible to communicate via a plurality transmission line that are connected to a plurality of opposing device to each of the plurality of the opposing device, and set the system of the transmission path used for communication for each opposing device, a system has been set A communication method for communicating with each opposing device using a transmission path of
A fluctuation characteristic learning step for monitoring communication band usage for each opposing device and learning fluctuation characteristics of communication bandwidth usage with respect to time for each opposing device;
Based on the learning result of the fluctuation characteristics in the fluctuation characteristic learning step, the transmission path system used for communication is set and selected for each opposite apparatus so that the opposite apparatuses having similar temporal fluctuation characteristics are not selected and selected as the same system. And a transmission path setting selection step. Each through a transmission path of a plurality systems that are connected to each of the plurality of opposing device can communicate with a plurality of opposing device, transmission path used for the communication for each path contained in each of the opposing device A communication method for setting a system and performing communication for each path using a transmission path of the set system ,
A fluctuation characteristic learning step for monitoring communication band usage for each path and learning fluctuation characteristics of communication band usage with respect to time for each path;
A transmission line that sets and selects a transmission line system used for communication for each path so that paths having similar temporal fluctuation characteristics are not set and selected in the same system based on the learning result of the fluctuation characteristic in the fluctuation characteristic learning step And a setting selection step.

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