JP3905699B2

JP3905699B2 - Method and apparatus for manufacturing ground improvement material

Info

Publication number: JP3905699B2
Application number: JP2000357252A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 昇市谷; 功林; 三樹雄村尾
Original assignee: Kawasaki Plant Systems Ltd
Current assignee: Kawasaki Plant Systems Ltd
Priority date: 2000-11-24
Filing date: 2000-11-24
Publication date: 2007-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2020-11-24
Also published as: JP2002155278A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、下水汚泥、産廃汚泥等の脱水ケーキに生石灰、消石灰等の石灰類を混合して脱水乾燥した後造粒し、流動層炉で乾燥、有機物の焼却、消石灰の分解などの熱処理をした後、ロータリキルンで焼成して地盤改良材を製造する方法及び装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
下水汚泥、産廃汚泥等は、脱水乾燥された後、流動層炉又はロータリキルン等で汚泥中の有機物を焼却して埋立処分されていたが、近年、焼成、乾留等の処理を行う種々のリサイクル方法が開発されつつある。
従来、汚泥の脱水乾燥焼却方法及び装置として、例えば特開平６−１５２９７号公報には、汚泥と生石灰とを混合して汚泥の脱水・乾燥を行う脱水乾燥工程と、生成した固形分を流動層炉又は気流炉で加熱して汚泥中の有機物を焼却するとともに有機物の燃焼熱により消石灰を焼成して生石灰に再生する焼却再生工程からなる汚泥の脱水乾燥焼却システムが開示されている。
【０００３】
また、特開平１０−２３７８５２号公報には、下水汚泥等の有機汚泥と生石灰、消石灰等の石灰類とを混合し、その混合物を１〜１０mmに造粒した原料をロータリキルンで８００〜１０００℃の温度で乾燥・脱水・有機物焼却・消石灰焼成して地盤改良材を製造する方法が開示されている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記の特開平６−１５２９７号公報記載の汚泥の脱水乾燥焼却システムにおいては、流動層炉又は気流炉での滞留時間が短いため十分焼成できず、地盤改良材としての性能を満足させることができない。また、生石灰の微粉が再炭酸化及び再水酸化して装置内部に付着し、長期連続運転を行うことができないという問題がある。
また、特開平１０−２３７８５２号公報記載の地盤改良材の製造方法においては、ロータリキルンは伝熱性能が悪いため、ロータリキルンのみの乾焼・脱水・焼却・焼成では装置が大型化し、また、キルン排ガス中のダストが熱交換器に付着して連続運転を阻害し、付着物の除去に多大の労力を要する問題がある。
【０００５】
本発明は上記の諸点に鑑みなされたもので、本発明の目的は、高伝熱性能の流動層炉で造粒物（原料）の乾燥、乾燥・予熱又は乾燥・有機物焼却・消石灰焼成（分解）を行わせ、造粒物の製造過程で発生する臭気（臭気成分を含む空気）を冷却用空気の一部又は全部とし、使用後の高温の臭気を２次空気としてキルンに回収することにより、熱消費の低減を図り、これにより、ロータリキルンを小型化することができ、性能の良い地盤改良材を製造することができ、また排ガス処理装置を小型化又は不要にすることができる方法及び装置を提供することにある。
【０００６】
また、本発明の目的は、造粒物（原料）の製造工場で発生する臭気の残部を熱交換器でサイクロン排ガスと熱交換させることにより加熱した後、ロータリキルンの燃焼用空気としてロータリキルンに、並びに流動層炉の風箱及び／又はフリーボード部に吹き込むことにより、臭気処理をも確実に行うことができる地盤改良材の製造方法及び装置を提供することにある。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するために、本発明の地盤改良材の製造方法は、汚泥脱水ケーキに石灰を混合攪拌し造粒した造粒物を、下流のロータリキルンの排ガスを流動化ガスとし該造粒物自身を流動媒体とする流動層炉に投入して乾燥、乾燥・予熱又は乾燥・有機物焼却・消石灰焼成（分解）を行った後、流動層炉からの粒状物をロータリキルンに導入して焼成し、焼成粒状物（焼却灰とＣａＯの混合物）を充填層クーラに導入し、造粒物の製造過程で発生する臭気の一部を冷却媒体の少なくとも一部として該クーラに導入して直接冷却した後、冷却に使用して高温になった臭気をキルンバーナの燃焼用２次空気として回収し、流動層炉からの排ガスをサイクロンで除塵した後、サイクロンからの排ガスを熱交換器に導入して造粒物の製造過程で発生する臭気と熱交換し熱回収するように構成されている（図１参照）。
【０００８】
また、本発明の地盤改良材の製造方法は、汚泥脱水ケーキに石灰を混合攪拌し造粒した造粒物を、下流のロータリキルンの排ガスを流動化ガスとし該造粒物自身を流動媒体とする流動層炉に投入して乾燥、乾燥・予熱又は乾燥・有機物焼却・消石灰焼成を行った後、流動層炉からの粒状物をロータリキルンに導入して焼成し、焼成粒状物を充填層クーラに導入し、冷却用空気で間接冷却するとともに、造粒物の製造過程で発生する臭気の一部を冷却媒体の少なくとも一部として該クーラに導入して直接冷却した後、冷却に使用して高温になった臭気をキルンバーナの燃焼用２次空気として回収し、流動層炉からの排ガスをサイクロンで除塵した後、サイクロンからの排ガスを熱交換器に導入して造粒物の製造過程で発生する臭気と熱交換し熱回収することを特徴としている（図６参照）。
【０００９】
上記の方法において、造粒物の粒径を流動層操作に適した範囲の１〜２０mm、望ましくは２〜１０mmとする。また、流動層炉からの排ガスをサイクロンで除塵した後、サイクロンからの排ガスを熱交換器に導入して熱回収することが好ましい（図１、図６参照）。また、造粒物の製造過程、すなわち、原料製造工場で発生する臭気の残部を熱交換器に導入して昇温し、加熱臭気をロータリキルンの燃焼用空気として回収するとともに、余剰の加熱臭気を流動層炉の風箱及び／又はフリーボード部に吹き込んで脱臭することが好ましい（図１、図６参照）。加熱臭気を流動層炉の風箱に吹き込むために、ロータリキルンの窯尻へ吹き込むか、又は流動層炉の風箱へ直接吹き込むようにする。
さらに、加熱臭気のロータリキルンへの吹込量、並びに加熱臭気の流動層炉の風箱への吹込量及び／又は加熱臭気の流動層炉のフリーボード部への吹込量を夫々調整することができるように構成することが好ましい。
【００１０】
本発明の地盤改良材の製造装置は、汚泥脱水ケーキと石灰とを混練する混練機と、混練物を造粒する造粒機を備えた原料製造部と、この原料製造部からの造粒物を投入し造粒物を流動媒体として乾燥、乾燥・予熱又は乾燥・有機物焼却・消石灰焼成を行うための流動層炉と、流動層炉からの粒状物を導入して焼成するためのロータリキルンと、ロータリキルンからの焼成粒状物を冷却するための充填層クーラとを備え、ロータリキルンの窯尻と流動層炉の風箱とが、ロータリキルン排ガス導管を介して接続されており、原料製造部と充填層クーラとが臭気導管を介して焼成粒状物を直接冷却できるように接続されており、充填層クーラとロータリキルンとが排臭気管を介して接続されており、流動層炉からの排ガスを導入してダストを分離するためのサイクロンと、このサイクロンからの排ガスを導入して造粒物の製造過程で発生する臭気ガスと熱交換し熱回収するための熱交換器を設けたことを特徴としている（図１参照）。
【００１１】
また、本発明の地盤改良材の製造装置は、汚泥脱水ケーキと石灰とを混練する混練機と、混練物を造粒する造粒機を備えた原料製造部と、この原料製造部からの造粒物を投入し造粒物を流動媒体として乾燥、乾燥・予熱又は乾燥・有機物焼却・消石灰焼成を行うための流動層炉と、流動層炉からの粒状物を導入して焼成するためのロータリキルンと、ロータリキルンからの焼成粒状物を冷却するための充填層クーラとを備え、ロータリキルンの窯尻と流動層炉の風箱とが、ロータリキルン排ガス導管を介して接続されており、原料製造部と充填層クーラとが臭気導管を介して焼成粒状物を直接冷却できるように接続されており、充填層クーラとロータリキルンとが排臭気管を介して接続されており、さらに、充填層クーラの充填層内に冷却用空気管が貫通しており、流動層炉からの排ガスを導入してダストを分離するためのサイクロンと、このサイクロンからの排ガスを導入して造粒物の製造過程で発生する臭気ガスと熱交換し熱回収するための熱交換器を設けたことを特徴としている（図６参照）。
【００１２】
上記の装置において、流動層炉からの排ガスを導入してダストを分離するためのサイクロンと、このサイクロンからの排ガスを導入して熱回収するための熱交換器が設けられる（図１、図６参照）。
また、熱交換器を排ガス流に対して直列２段に設け、高温側の熱交換器に造粒物の製造過程、すなわち、原料製造工場で発生する臭気を吹き込み、低温側の熱交換器に冷却用空気（大気）を吹き込むように構成することが好ましい（図１、図６参照）。
【００１３】
サイクロンとしては、上側部に接線方向に排ガスを導入する排ガス導入口を有するとともに、上面中央部に排ガス排出管を有する円筒胴体の下部に、略逆円錐胴体を連設し、この略逆円錐胴体の下部に拡大壁部を連設し、さらに、この拡大壁部に略逆円錐胴部を連設し、略逆円錐胴体の下端部内径Ｄ１と排ガス排出管の内径ｄがＤ１≧ｄの関係を有し、円筒胴体の内径Ｄと拡大壁部の下端部内径Ｄ２との間にＤ２＝（０．８〜１．０）×Ｄの関係を有するようにした高効率サイクロンを用いることが好ましい（図２参照）。
【００１４】
また、熱交換器としては、臭気を通過させて加熱するための伝熱管が鉛直に配置された構造のものを用いることが好ましい（図３参照）。
さらに、流動層炉のガス分散板として、板体に貫通固定された多数の筒体の天壁部に、直径が流動媒体径の３倍以下、望ましくは２倍以下の複数の小孔が設けられた構造のものを用いることが好ましい（図４、図５参照）。
【００１５】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明するが、本発明は下記の実施の形態に何ら限定されるものではなく、適宜変更して実施することができるものである。
図１は本発明の実施の第１形態による地盤改良材の製造装置を示している。１０は原料（造粒物）製造工場（原料製造部）で、混練機１２、造粒機１４等を備えている。汚泥脱水ケーキと石灰類、例えば、生石灰を混練機１２に投入して混練する。生石灰は水分を吸収して消石灰となり、さらに、発熱反応により汚泥脱水ケーキの水分を蒸発させる。生石灰の割合は、混練物の水分が造粒に適した範囲で、造粒物が流動層で破壊しない強度を有するよう選ばれる。汚泥脱水ケーキの性状によるが、例えば混練物の水分は２０〜３０％である。
混練物は造粒機１４に導入されて粒径１〜２０mm、望ましくは２〜１０mmに造粒される。なお、造粒機能を備えた混練機を用いることにより、混練と造粒とを１台の装置で同時に行うように構成することも可能である。
【００１６】
造粒機１４からの造粒物（原料）はホッパ１６に一旦貯留された後、供給機、例えばベルトフィーダ１８により流動層炉２０に供給される。流動層炉２０は、下部に風箱２２を備え、風箱上部のガス分散板２４の上側に造粒物が流動媒体となる流動層２６が形成されるように構成されている。この風箱２２には、後述のロータリキルン２８からの排ガスがロータリキルン排ガス導管３０を介して導入され、流動化ガスとして用いられる。
【００１７】
流動層炉２０に投入された造粒物（原料）は、ロータリキルン２８からの排ガスで流動化して、乾燥、又は乾燥・予熱、又は乾燥・汚泥中の有機物焼却・消石灰焼成（分解）が行われる。流動層炉２０からの粒状物（処理物）は気密排出機構、例えばＬバルブ３２を介してロータリキルン２８の窯尻３４に投入されてロータリキルン２８内で８００〜１０００℃、望ましくは８５０〜９００℃の温度で焼成される。３６はキルンバーナである。
ロータリキルン２８で焼成された焼成粒状物（焼却灰とＣａＯの混合物）は充填層クーラ３８に投入されて、原料製造工場１０からの臭気により直接冷却され、排出機、例えばロータリフィーダ４０により排出され、輸送機４２により製品として搬出される。４４は原料製造工場１０と充填層クーラ３８とを接続する臭気導管、４６は臭気押込ブロワである。充填層クーラ３８からの排臭気は、排臭気管４７を介してロータリキルン２８のバーナ近傍又はバーナに導入され、２次空気の一部として回収される。なお、この排臭気の一部を、分岐した排臭気管４９を介して後述の熱交換器５０へ導入する場合もある。ロータリキルン２８又はバーナに供給された排臭気は、臭気成分が燃焼又は分解して脱臭される。
【００１８】
流動層炉２０からの排ガスはサイクロン４８に導入されてダストが捕集され、サイクロン４８からの排ガスは熱交換器に導入される。熱交換器としては、排ガス流に対して直列に２段に設けることが好ましい。以下、熱交換器を２段に設けた場合について説明する。高温側の熱交換器５０には原料製造工場１０で発生した臭気の残部が臭気ファン５４により導入され、低温側の熱交換器５２には冷却用空気（大気）が押込ブロワ５６により導入される。
低温側の熱交換器５２からの排ガスは排ガス誘引ファン５８によりバグフィルタ６０に導入され、ここでダストが分離された後、煙突６２から排出される。
高温側の熱交換器５０で加熱された臭気の一部は、ロータリキルン２８の燃焼用空気としてロータリキルンのバーナ３６の近傍又は直接バーナ３６に吹き込まれ、ロータリキルン内で臭気成分が燃焼又は分解して脱臭される。
高温側の熱交換器５０で加熱された臭気の残部は、ロータリキルンの窯尻３４もしくは流動層炉の風箱２２に吹き込まれるか、又は流動層炉のフリーボード部６４に吹き込まれて脱臭される。
【００１９】
高温側の熱交換器５０からの加熱臭気の分岐管６６、６８、７０には、それぞれバルブ７２、７４、７６が設けられており、加熱臭気のロータリキルン２８のバーナ３６近傍もしくはバーナへの吹込量、並びに加熱臭気のロータリキルンの窯尻３４もしくは流動層炉の風箱２２への吹込量及び／又は加熱臭気の流動層炉のフリーボード部６４への吹込量を、それぞれ調整することができるように構成されている。
このように、臭気の吹込配分を調整することができるので、各部の温度をダスト付着のない温度、すなわち、例えば、流動層炉風箱７５０〜８００℃以上、熱交換器入口５５０〜６００℃以下に設定することができる。
【００２０】
上記の装置において、熱交換器５０内のダストの付着を減少させて熱効率を維持する必要がある。このため、サイクロン４８としては、例えば、実公平７−４６３５７号公報に示されているような高効率サイクロン（コマ型サイクロン）を用いることが好ましい。この高効率サイクロンは、図２に示すように、上側部に接線方向に排ガスを導入する排ガス導入口８２を有するとともに、上面中央部に排ガス排出管８４を有する円筒胴体８６の下部に、略逆円錐胴体８８を連設し、この略逆円錐胴体８８の下部に拡大壁部９０を連設し、さらに、この拡大壁部９０に略逆円錐胴部９２を連設し、略逆円錐胴体８８の下端部内径Ｄ１と排ガス排出管８４の内径ｄがＤ１≧ｄの関係を有し、円筒胴体８６の内径Ｄと拡大壁部９０の下端部内径Ｄ２との間にＤ２＝（０．８〜１．０）×Ｄの関係を有するように構成されたものである。このような構造のサイクロンを使用することにより、流動層炉２０からの排ガス中のダストを効率よく捕集することができる。
【００２１】
また、熱交換器５０、５２としては、図３に示すように、臭気を通過させて加熱するための伝熱管９４が鉛直に配置された構造のものを用いることが好ましい。このように構成すれば、ダストの付着、堆積が少なく清掃も容易となる。なお、低温側の熱交換器５２も同様の構造とすることが好ましい。
さらに、流動層炉２０のガス分散板２４として、例えば、実公平７−３７１１３号公報に示されているような特殊構造の分散板とすることが好ましい。この特殊構造の分散板は、図４及び図５に示すように、板体９６に貫通固定された多数の筒体９８の天壁部１００に、直径が流動媒体径の３倍以下、望ましくは２倍以下の複数の小孔１０２が設けられたものである。このような構造の分散板を用いることにより、流動媒体を高温のまま保持するホットバンキングが可能となる。また、ガス分散板２４の上側近傍に補助バーナ（図示略）を設けることがあり、この場合は、立ち上げ時の臭気の脱臭が可能となる。
【００２２】
図６は本発明の実施の第２形態による地盤改良材の製造装置を示している。本実施形態は、ロータリキルン２８からの焼成粒状物を充填層クーラ１０４に導入し、冷却用空気で間接冷却するとともに、臭気を導入して直接冷却した後、該臭気（排臭気）を２次空気として使用するようにしたものである。１０６は冷却用空気押込ブロワ、１０８は充填層内を貫通する冷却用空気管、１１０は空気誘引ファンである。他の構成及び作用は実施の第１形態の場合と同様である。
【００２３】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上記のように構成されているので、つぎのような効果を奏する。
（１）高伝熱性能の流動層炉で原料（造粒物）の乾燥、又は乾燥・予熱、又は乾燥・有機物の焼却・消石灰の焼成（分解）を行うので、下流のロータリキルンを小型化することができる。
（２）臭気の一部を冷却用空気（冷却媒体）とし、冷却に使用して高温になった臭気を２次空気としてロータリキルンに回収するので、熱消費を低減することができ、また、排ガス処理装置を小型化又は不要にすることができる。
（３）ロータリキルンからの焼成粒状物を直接冷却するので、冷却性能が向上し処理能力の増大を図ることができる。
（４）原料が造粒物であるので、造粒物自体が流動媒体となり、他の流動媒体は不要である。また、クーラとして小型、高効率の充填層クーラを使用することができる。
（５）流動層炉からの処理物をロータリキルンで十分時間をかけて焼成することができるので、高品質の地盤改良材を得ることができる。
（６）流動層炉の排ガスで臭気を加熱し熱回収することにより、熱消費を低減することができる。
（７）臭気の吹込配分を調整する場合は、各部の温度をダスト付着のない温度に設定することができる。また、各部の温度を脱臭可能な温度に設定することができるので、臭気処理を確実に行うことができる。
（８）熱交換器を２段にする場合は、熱回収量は減少するが、装置を小型化（伝熱面積が１／３〜１／４となる）でき、また冷却用空気量を調整することにより、排ガス温度を一定にすることができる。このため、後流のバグフィルタを保護することができ、安定運転を継続することができる。
（９）流動層炉の排ガスを高集塵効率のサイクロンで除塵する場合は、熱交換器内のダスト付着が大幅に減少し、熱効率を維持することができるとともに、長期連続運転が可能となる。
（１０）伝熱管が鉛直に配列された熱交換器を用いる場合は、ダストの付着、堆積が少なく清掃も容易となる。
（１１）特殊構造の分散板を用いる場合は、ホットバンキングを行うことが可能となる。従って、起動・停止が極めて短時間で行なえ、異常時の操作も容易である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の第１形態による地盤改良材の製造装置を示す系統的概略構成図である。
【図２】図１におけるサイクロンの一例を示す立面説明図である。
【図３】図１における熱交換器の一例を示す立面説明図である。
【図４】図１における流動層炉のガス分散板の一例を示す断面説明図である。
【図５】図４におけるガス分散板の要部の平面図である。
【図６】本発明の実施の第２形態による地盤改良材の製造装置を示す系統的概略構成図である。
【符号の説明】
１０原料製造工場
１２混練機
１４造粒機
１６ホッパ
１８ベルトフィーダ
２０流動層炉
２２風箱
２４ガス分散板
２６流動層
２８ロータリキルン
３０ロータリキルン排ガス導管
３２Ｌバルブ
３４窯尻
３６キルンバーナ
３８充填層クーラ
４０ロータリフィーダ
４２輸送機
４４臭気導管
４６臭気押込ブロワ
４７、４９排臭気管
４８サイクロン
５０、５２熱交換器
５４臭気ファン
５６押込ブロワ
５８排ガス誘引ファン
６０バグフィルタ
６２煙突
６４フリーボード部
６６、６８、７０加熱臭気の分岐管
７２、７４、７６バルブ
８２排ガス導入口
８４排ガス排出管
８６円筒胴体
８８略逆円錐胴体
９０拡大壁部
９２略逆円錐胴部
９４伝熱管
９６板体
９８筒体
１００天壁部
１０２小孔
１０４充填層クーラ
１０６冷却用空気押込ブロワ
１０８冷却用空気管
１１０空気誘引ファン[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention mixes dehydrated cakes such as sewage sludge and industrial waste sludge with limes such as quick lime and slaked lime, dehydrates and drys them, and granulates them, followed by drying in a fluidized bed furnace, incineration of organic matter, decomposition of slaked lime, etc. Then, it relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a ground improvement material by firing in a rotary kiln.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Sewage sludge, industrial waste sludge, etc., were dehydrated and dried, and then disposed of by incineration of organic matter in the sludge in a fluidized bed furnace or rotary kiln. Methods are being developed.
Conventionally, as a method and apparatus for dewatering and drying incineration of sludge, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-15297 discloses a dehydration drying process in which sludge and quick lime are mixed to dehydrate and dry the sludge, and the generated solid content is fluidized bed. A sludge dehydration drying incineration system is disclosed which comprises an incineration regeneration process in which organic matter in sludge is incinerated by heating in a furnace or an airflow oven and slaked lime is baked by the combustion heat of the organic matter to regenerate quick lime.
[0003]
Further, in JP-A-10-237852, organic sludge such as sewage sludge and limes such as quick lime and slaked lime are mixed, and a raw material obtained by granulating the mixture to 1 to 10 mm in a rotary kiln at 800 to 1000 ° C. A method for producing a ground improvement material by drying, dehydration, incineration of organic matter, and calcination of slaked lime at a temperature of 5 ° C is disclosed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the sludge dehydration and drying incineration system described in JP-A-6-15297, the residence time in the fluidized bed furnace or the airflow furnace is short, so that it cannot be sufficiently fired and the performance as a ground improvement material cannot be satisfied. . In addition, there is a problem that the fine powder of quick lime is re-carbonated and re-hydroxylated and adheres to the inside of the apparatus and cannot be operated continuously for a long time.
In addition, in the method for producing a ground improvement material described in JP-A-10-237852, since the rotary kiln has poor heat transfer performance, the dry kiln / dehydration / incineration / firing of the rotary kiln alone increases the size of the apparatus, There is a problem that dust in the kiln exhaust gas adheres to the heat exchanger, obstructs continuous operation, and requires much labor to remove the deposits.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points. The object of the present invention is to dry a granulated material (raw material) in a fluidized bed furnace with high heat transfer performance, dry / preheat or dry / organic incineration / slaked lime firing (decomposition). ), And the odor (air containing odor components) generated in the granulated product manufacturing process is made part or all of the cooling air, and the high-temperature odor after use is recovered as secondary air in the kiln. , A method for reducing heat consumption, thereby reducing the size of the rotary kiln, producing a ground improvement material with good performance, and reducing or eliminating the need for an exhaust gas treatment device, and To provide an apparatus.
[0006]
In addition, the object of the present invention is to heat the remainder of the odor generated at the granule (raw material) manufacturing plant by heat exchange with the cyclone exhaust gas using a heat exchanger, and then to the rotary kiln as combustion air for the rotary kiln. And it is providing the manufacturing method and apparatus of the ground improvement material which can perform an odor process reliably by blowing in the wind box and / or free board part of a fluidized bed furnace.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the method for producing a ground improvement material of the present invention uses a granulated product obtained by mixing and stirring lime in a sludge dewatered cake and granulating the exhaust gas from a downstream rotary kiln as a fluidizing gas. After putting the granules themselves into a fluidized bed furnace using a fluidized medium, drying, drying, preheating or drying, organic incineration, slaked lime firing (decomposition), the granules from the fluidized bed furnace are introduced into the rotary kiln. Firing, introducing the calcined granular material (mixture of incinerated ash and CaO) into the packed bed cooler, and introducing a part of the odor generated in the granulated product production process as at least a part of the cooling medium directly into the cooler After cooling, the high temperature odor used for cooling is recovered as secondary air for combustion in the kiln burner , exhaust gas from the fluidized bed furnace is removed with a cyclone, and then the exhaust gas from the cyclone is introduced into the heat exchanger In the manufacturing process Odor heat exchange with and is configured to heat recovery (see Figure 1).
[0008]
Further, in the method for producing a ground improvement material of the present invention, a granulated product obtained by mixing and stirring lime in a sludge dewatered cake and granulating the exhaust gas from a downstream rotary kiln as a fluidizing gas, the granulated product itself as a fluid medium After putting into a fluidized bed furnace, drying, drying / preheating or drying / organic incineration / slaked lime firing, the particulate matter from the fluidized bed furnace is introduced into the rotary kiln and fired, and the fired particulate matter is packed into the packed bed cooler. In addition to indirect cooling with cooling air, a part of the odor generated in the granulated product manufacturing process is introduced into the cooler as at least a part of the cooling medium and directly cooled, and then used for cooling. the odor became hot recovered as combustion secondary air Kirunbana, after dust removal and gas from the fluidized-bed furnace in a cyclone, generating exhaust gases from the cyclone is introduced into the heat exchanger in the process of manufacturing the granules Heat exchange with odors It is characterized in that yield (see FIG. 6).
[0009]
In the above method, the particle size of the granulated product is set to 1 to 20 mm, preferably 2 to 10 mm, in a range suitable for fluidized bed operation. Moreover, after exhaust gas from the fluidized bed furnace is removed with a cyclone, it is preferable to recover the heat by introducing the exhaust gas from the cyclone into a heat exchanger (see FIGS. 1 and 6). In addition, the process for producing the granulated product, that is, the remainder of the odor generated in the raw material manufacturing plant is introduced into the heat exchanger to raise the temperature, and the heated odor is recovered as combustion air for the rotary kiln and the excess heated odor Is preferably blown into a wind box and / or a free board portion of a fluidized bed furnace to deodorize the water (see FIGS. 1 and 6). In order to blow the heated odor into the wind box of the fluidized bed furnace, it is blown into the kiln bottom of the rotary kiln or directly into the wind box of the fluidized bed furnace.
Furthermore, the amount of heated odor blown into the rotary kiln, the amount of heated odor blown into the fluidized bed furnace wind box, and / or the amount of heated odor blown into the freeboard part of the fluidized bed furnace can be adjusted. It is preferable to configure as described above.
[0010]
The ground improvement material manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a kneading machine for kneading sludge dehydrated cake and lime, a raw material manufacturing unit having a granulator for granulating the kneaded material, and a granulated product from the raw material manufacturing unit. A fluidized bed furnace for performing drying, drying / preheating or drying / organic matter incineration / slaked lime firing using a granulated product as a fluid medium, and a rotary kiln for introducing and firing particulate matter from the fluidized bed furnace A packed bed cooler for cooling the calcined particulate matter from the rotary kiln, and the rotary kiln bottom and the fluidized bed furnace wind box are connected via a rotary kiln exhaust gas conduit, And the packed bed cooler are connected so as to directly cool the calcined particulate matter through the odor conduit, and the packed bed cooler and the rotary kiln are connected through the exhaust odor pipe, and the exhaust gas from the fluidized bed furnace Introduce dust to separate A cyclone for is characterized in that a heat exchanger for odor by gas heat exchanger recovering heat of exhaust gas to be introduced to generate in the process of manufacturing the granules from the cyclone (see FIG. 1) .
[0011]
The ground improvement material manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a kneading machine for kneading sludge dehydrated cake and lime, a raw material manufacturing section having a granulator for granulating the kneaded material, and a granulation from the raw material manufacturing section. A fluidized bed furnace for charging, drying, preheating or drying, incineration of organic matter, and slaked lime using the granulated material as a fluid medium, and a rotary for introducing and firing the granular material from the fluidized bed furnace A kiln and a packed bed cooler for cooling the calcined particulate matter from the rotary kiln, wherein the kiln bottom of the rotary kiln and the wind box of the fluidized bed furnace are connected via a rotary kiln exhaust gas conduit, The production section and the packed bed cooler are connected so that the fired particulate matter can be directly cooled via the odor conduit, and the packed bed cooler and the rotary kiln are connected via the exhaust odor pipe, and further, the packed bed For cooling in the packed bed of the cooler Trachea extends through a cyclone for separating dust by introducing the exhaust gas from the fluidized bed furnace, the exhaust gas of the granulated product was odorous gas exchanges heat generated during the manufacturing process by introducing from the cyclone A heat exchanger for recovering heat is provided (see FIG. 6).
[0012]
In the above apparatus, a cyclone for introducing exhaust gas from a fluidized bed furnace to separate dust and a heat exchanger for introducing and recovering heat from the exhaust gas from the cyclone are provided (FIGS. 1 and 6). reference).
Also, heat exchangers are provided in two stages in series with the exhaust gas flow, and the odor generated in the granule manufacturing process, that is, the raw material manufacturing plant, is blown into the high temperature side heat exchanger, and the low temperature side heat exchanger is injected. It is preferable that the cooling air (atmosphere) be blown (see FIGS. 1 and 6).
[0013]
The cyclone has an exhaust gas introduction port for introducing exhaust gas in a tangential direction at the upper part, and a substantially inverted conical body connected to the lower part of a cylindrical body having an exhaust gas discharge pipe at the center of the upper surface. An enlarged wall portion is connected to the lower portion of the tube, and a substantially inverted conical cylinder portion is connected to the enlarged wall portion. The relationship between the lower end inner diameter D1 of the substantially inverted cone body and the inner diameter d of the exhaust gas discharge pipe is D1 ≧ d. It is preferable to use a high-efficiency cyclone having a relationship of D2 = (0.8 to 1.0) × D between the inner diameter D of the cylindrical body and the lower end inner diameter D2 of the enlarged wall portion. (See FIG. 2).
[0014]
Moreover, as a heat exchanger, it is preferable to use the thing of the structure where the heat exchanger tube for allowing an odor to pass and heating was arrange | positioned perpendicularly (refer FIG. 3).
Further, as the gas dispersion plate of the fluidized bed furnace, a plurality of small holes having a diameter of 3 times or less, preferably 2 times or less of the diameter of the fluidized medium are provided in the top wall portion of a large number of cylinders that are fixed to the plate. It is preferable to use the one having the structure (see FIGS. 4 and 5).
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications.
FIG. 1 shows a ground improvement material manufacturing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 10 denotes a raw material (granulated product) manufacturing plant (raw material manufacturing department), which includes a kneading machine 12, a granulating machine 14, and the like. Sludge dewatering cake and lime, for example quick lime, are charged into the kneader 12 and kneaded. Quick lime absorbs moisture and turns into slaked lime, and further evaporates the moisture in the sludge dehydrated cake by an exothermic reaction. The proportion of quicklime is selected so that the water content of the kneaded product is in a range suitable for granulation and the granulated product has a strength that does not break in the fluidized bed. Depending on the properties of the sludge dewatered cake, for example, the water content of the kneaded product is 20 to 30%.
The kneaded product is introduced into the granulator 14 and granulated to a particle size of 1 to 20 mm, preferably 2 to 10 mm. In addition, it is also possible to comprise so that kneading | mixing and granulation may be performed simultaneously with one apparatus by using the kneading machine provided with the granulation function.
[0016]
The granulated material (raw material) from the granulator 14 is temporarily stored in the hopper 16 and then supplied to the fluidized bed furnace 20 by a feeder, for example, a belt feeder 18. The fluidized bed furnace 20 includes a wind box 22 in the lower part, and is configured such that a fluidized bed 26 in which the granulated material becomes a fluid medium is formed above the gas dispersion plate 24 in the upper part of the wind box. An exhaust gas from a rotary kiln 28 described later is introduced into the wind box 22 through a rotary kiln exhaust gas conduit 30 and used as a fluidizing gas.
[0017]
The granulated material (raw material) charged into the fluidized bed furnace 20 is fluidized by the exhaust gas from the rotary kiln 28 and dried, dried / preheated, or incinerated / calcinated slaked lime (decomposed) in the dried / sludge. Is called. The granular material (processed material) from the fluidized bed furnace 20 is introduced into the kiln bottom 34 of the rotary kiln 28 via an airtight discharge mechanism, for example, an L valve 32, and is 800 to 1000 ° C., preferably 850 to 900 in the rotary kiln 28. Baking at a temperature of ° C. 36 is a kiln burner.
The fired granular material (mixture of incinerated ash and CaO) fired by the rotary kiln 28 is charged into the packed bed cooler 38, directly cooled by the odor from the raw material manufacturing plant 10, and discharged by a discharger, for example, a rotary feeder 40. Then, it is carried out as a product by the transport machine 42. 44 is an odor conduit for connecting the raw material manufacturing plant 10 and the packed bed cooler 38, and 46 is an odor pushing blower. The exhaust odor from the packed bed cooler 38 is introduced into the vicinity of the burner of the rotary kiln 28 through the exhaust odor tube 47 or to the burner, and is recovered as a part of the secondary air. A part of the exhaust odor may be introduced into the heat exchanger 50 described later via the branched exhaust odor pipe 49. The exhaust odor supplied to the rotary kiln 28 or the burner is deodorized by burning or decomposing odor components.
[0018]
The exhaust gas from the fluidized bed furnace 20 is introduced into the cyclone 48 to collect dust, and the exhaust gas from the cyclone 48 is introduced into the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is preferably provided in two stages in series with the exhaust gas flow. Hereinafter, the case where the heat exchanger is provided in two stages will be described. The remainder of the odor generated at the raw material manufacturing plant 10 is introduced into the high-temperature side heat exchanger 50 by the odor fan 54, and cooling air (atmosphere) is introduced into the low-temperature side heat exchanger 52 by the push blower 56. .
The exhaust gas from the heat exchanger 52 on the low temperature side is introduced into the bag filter 60 by the exhaust gas induction fan 58, where the dust is separated and then discharged from the chimney 62.
A portion of the odor heated by the heat exchanger 50 on the high temperature side is blown into the rotary kiln 28 in the vicinity of the burner 36 or directly into the burner 36, and the odor components are burned or decomposed in the rotary kiln. And deodorized.
The remainder of the odor heated by the heat exchanger 50 on the high temperature side is blown into the kiln bottom 34 of the rotary kiln or the wind box 22 of the fluidized bed furnace, or blown into the freeboard part 64 of the fluidized bed furnace to be deodorized. The
[0019]
Valves 72, 74, and 76 are respectively provided in the branch pipes 66, 68, and 70 of the heated odor from the high-temperature side heat exchanger 50, and the heated odor is blown into the vicinity of the burner 36 of the rotary kiln 28 or into the burner. The amount of the heated odor and the amount of the heated odor blown into the kiln bottom 34 of the rotary kiln or the wind box 22 of the fluidized bed furnace and / or the amount of the heated odor blown into the free board 64 of the fluidized bed furnace can be adjusted. It is configured as follows.
Thus, since the odor blowing distribution can be adjusted, the temperature of each part is set to a temperature at which no dust adheres, that is, for example, a fluidized bed furnace windbox of 750 to 800 ° C or higher, a heat exchanger inlet of 550 to 600 ° C or lower. Can be set to
[0020]
In the above apparatus, it is necessary to reduce the adhesion of dust in the heat exchanger 50 and maintain the thermal efficiency. For this reason, as the cyclone 48, it is preferable to use, for example, a high-efficiency cyclone (coma type cyclone) as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-46357. As shown in FIG. 2, the high-efficiency cyclone has an exhaust gas introduction port 82 for introducing exhaust gas in a tangential direction at the upper side, and a substantially reverse portion at the bottom of a cylindrical body 86 having an exhaust gas discharge pipe 84 at the center of the upper surface. A conical body 88 is continuously provided, an enlarged wall portion 90 is continuously provided at a lower portion of the substantially inverted conical body 88, and a substantially inverted conical body portion 92 is further provided continuously with the enlarged wall portion 90. And the inner diameter d of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 84 have a relationship of D1 ≧ d, and D2 = (0.8˜) between the inner diameter D of the cylindrical body 86 and the lower end inner diameter D2 of the enlarged wall 90. 1.0) × D. By using the cyclone having such a structure, dust in the exhaust gas from the fluidized bed furnace 20 can be efficiently collected.
[0021]
Moreover, as the heat exchangers 50 and 52, as shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable to use the thing of the structure where the heat exchanger tube 94 for allowing an odor to pass and heating is arrange | positioned perpendicularly. If comprised in this way, there will be little adhesion and accumulation of dust, and cleaning will become easy. Note that the low-temperature heat exchanger 52 preferably has the same structure.
Furthermore, the gas dispersion plate 24 of the fluidized bed furnace 20 is preferably a dispersion plate having a special structure as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-37113, for example. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, this special structure of the dispersion plate has a diameter of three times or less than the diameter of the fluid medium, preferably on the top wall portion 100 of a large number of cylindrical bodies 98 that are penetrated and fixed to the plate body 96. A plurality of small holes 102 that are twice or less are provided. By using the dispersion plate having such a structure, hot banking that keeps the fluid medium at a high temperature is possible. Further, an auxiliary burner (not shown) may be provided in the vicinity of the upper side of the gas dispersion plate 24. In this case, it is possible to deodorize the odor when starting up.
[0022]
FIG. 6 shows a ground improvement material manufacturing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the baked granular material from the rotary kiln 28 is introduced into the packed bed cooler 104, indirectly cooled with cooling air, and odor is introduced and directly cooled, and then the odor (exhaust odor) is secondarily removed. It is intended to be used as air. 106 is a cooling air pushing blower, 108 is a cooling air pipe penetrating through the packed bed, and 110 is an air induction fan. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
Since this invention is comprised as mentioned above, there exist the following effects.
(1) Since the raw material (granulated product) is dried, dried / preheated, dried / incinerated / burned slaked lime (decomposed) in a fluidized bed furnace with high heat transfer performance, the downstream rotary kiln is downsized. can do.
(2) Since a part of the odor is used as cooling air (cooling medium), and the odor that has become hot due to cooling is recovered as secondary air in the rotary kiln, heat consumption can be reduced. The exhaust gas treatment device can be downsized or made unnecessary.
(3) Since the fired granular material from the rotary kiln is directly cooled, the cooling performance is improved and the processing capacity can be increased.
(4) Since the raw material is a granulated product, the granulated product itself becomes a fluid medium, and no other fluid medium is required. Moreover, a small and highly efficient packed bed cooler can be used as the cooler.
(5) Since the processed material from the fluidized bed furnace can be baked with a rotary kiln for a sufficient time, a high-quality ground improvement material can be obtained.
(6) Heat consumption can be reduced by heating the odor with the exhaust gas from the fluidized bed furnace and recovering heat.
(7) When adjusting the distribution of odor blowing, the temperature of each part can be set to a temperature at which no dust adheres. Moreover, since the temperature of each part can be set to the temperature which can deodorize, an odor process can be performed reliably.
(8) When heat exchangers are arranged in two stages, the amount of heat recovered is reduced, but the device can be downsized (the heat transfer area can be reduced to 1/3 to 1/4), and the amount of cooling air can be adjusted. By doing so, the exhaust gas temperature can be made constant. For this reason, the downstream bag filter can be protected, and stable operation can be continued.
(9) When the exhaust gas from a fluidized bed furnace is removed with a cyclone with high dust collection efficiency, dust adhesion in the heat exchanger is greatly reduced, and thermal efficiency can be maintained, and long-term continuous operation becomes possible. .
(10) When a heat exchanger in which heat transfer tubes are arranged vertically is used, dust adheres and accumulates, and cleaning is easy.
(11) When using a dispersion plate having a special structure, hot banking can be performed. Therefore, starting and stopping can be performed in a very short time, and operation at the time of abnormality is easy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram showing a ground improvement material manufacturing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an elevation explanatory view showing an example of a cyclone in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an elevation explanatory view showing an example of a heat exchanger in FIG. 1;
4 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing an example of a gas dispersion plate of the fluidized bed furnace in FIG. 1. FIG.
5 is a plan view of the main part of the gas dispersion plate in FIG. 4. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram showing a ground improvement material manufacturing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Raw material manufacturing factory 12 Kneading machine 14 Granulator 16 Hopper 18 Belt feeder 20 Fluidized bed furnace 22 Wind box 24 Gas dispersion plate 26 Fluidized bed 28 Rotary kiln 30 Rotary kiln exhaust gas conduit 32 L valve 34 Kiln bottom 36 Kiln burner 38 Packed bed cooler 40 rotary feeder 42 transport machine 44 odor conduit 46 odor pushing blower 47, 49 exhaust odor pipe 48 cyclone 50, 52 heat exchanger 54 odor fan 56 pushing blower 58 exhaust gas induction fan 60 bug filter 62 chimney 64 free board parts 66, 68, 70 Heated odor branch pipes 72, 74, 76 Valve 82 Exhaust gas inlet 84 Exhaust gas exhaust pipe 86 Cylindrical body 88 Substantially conical body 90 Enlarged wall part 92 Substantially conical body part 94 Heat transfer pipe 96 Plate body 98 Cylindrical body 100 Top wall Portion 102 Small hole 104 Packed bed cooler 106 Air push blow for cooling W 108 Air tube 110 for cooling Air induction fan

Claims

The granulated product obtained by mixing and stirring lime with sludge dewatered cake is put into a fluidized bed furnace using the exhaust gas from the downstream rotary kiln as the fluidizing gas and the granulated product itself as the fluidized medium, and dried, dried and preheated. Or after drying, organic incineration, slaked lime firing, the granular material from the fluidized bed furnace is introduced into the rotary kiln and fired, and the fired granular material is introduced into the packed bed cooler, which occurs in the granulated product manufacturing process A part of the odor is introduced into the cooler as at least a part of the cooling medium and directly cooled, and then the odor that has been heated and used for cooling is recovered as secondary air for combustion of the kiln burner. After removing the exhaust gas with a cyclone, the exhaust gas from the cyclone is introduced into a heat exchanger to exchange heat with the rest of the odor generated in the granulated product production process, recovering heat, and removing a part of the odor after heat exchange. As combustion air for rotary kilns Blow in the burner near or directly to the burner of the tari kiln to deodorize the odor components by combustion or decomposition, and blow the remainder of the odor after heat exchange into the kiln bottom of the rotary kiln or the wind box of the fluidized bed furnace, or in the fluidized bed furnace A method for producing a ground improvement material, characterized by deodorizing by blowing into a freeboard section .

The granulated product obtained by mixing and stirring lime with sludge dewatered cake is put into a fluidized bed furnace using the exhaust gas from the downstream rotary kiln as the fluidizing gas and the granulated product itself as the fluidized medium, and dried, dried and preheated. Or after drying, organic incineration, slaked lime firing, the particulate matter from the fluidized bed furnace is introduced into the rotary kiln and fired, the fired particulate matter is introduced into the packed bed cooler, and indirectly cooled with cooling air, A part of the odor generated during the production process of the granulated material is introduced into the cooler as at least a part of the cooling medium and directly cooled, and then the odor that has become high temperature is used for the cooling secondary air for combustion of the kiln burner. After collecting the exhaust gas from the fluidized bed furnace with a cyclone, the exhaust gas from the cyclone is introduced into a heat exchanger to exchange heat with the remainder of the odor generated in the granulated product production process , Part of the odor after heat exchange The air is burned in the vicinity of or directly into the burner of the rotary kiln as the combustion air of the rotary kiln, and the odor components are deodorized by combustion or decomposition, and the remainder of the odor after heat exchange is blown into the rotary kiln bottom or the fluidized-bed furnace windbox. Or a method for producing a ground improvement material, which is deodorized by blowing into a free board portion of a fluidized bed furnace .

The method for producing a ground improvement material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the granulated product has a particle size of 1 to 20 mm.

The remainder of the odor generated in the production process of the granulated product is introduced into the heat exchanger and the temperature is raised, and the heated odor is recovered as combustion air for the rotary kiln. The manufacturing method of the ground improvement material in any one of Claims 1-3 which blows in to a free board part and / or deodorizes.

The amount of the heated odor blown into the rotary kiln, and the amount of the heated odor blown into the fluidized bed furnace wind box and / or the amount of the heated odor blown into the freeboard part of the fluidized bed furnace are adjusted respectively. Manufacturing method of ground improvement material.

A kneading machine for kneading the sludge dewatered cake and lime, and a raw material manufacturing unit equipped with a granulator for granulating the kneaded product,
A fluidized bed furnace for charging the granulated product from the raw material production department and drying the granulated product as a fluidized medium, drying / preheating or drying / organic matter incineration / slaked lime firing,
A rotary kiln for introducing and firing particulate matter from a fluidized bed furnace;
A packed bed cooler for cooling the fired particulates from the rotary kiln,
The kiln bottom of the rotary kiln and the wind box of the fluidized bed furnace are connected via a rotary kiln exhaust gas conduit, and the raw material production section and the packed bed cooler are part of the odor gas generated in the granulated product production process. Is connected so as to be able to directly cool the calcined particulate matter through an odor conduit for introducing the gas into the cooler, and the packed bed cooler and the rotary kiln are connected via an exhaust odor tube,
A cyclone for separating the dust by introducing the exhaust gas from the fluidized bed furnace, and for heat recovery by introducing the exhaust gas from this cyclone and exchanging heat with the remainder of the odor gas generated in the granulated product production process A heat exchanger ,
Some odor that has been heated in the heat exchanger odor components are blown in the vicinity or directly burner within the rotary kiln of the rotary kiln burner is deodorized by combustion or decomposition as combustion air of the rotary kiln, the heat exchanger The remaining odor heated by the vessel is blown into the kiln bottom of the rotary kiln or the wind box of the fluidized bed furnace, or blown into the freeboard part of the fluidized bed furnace to be deodorized. Improvement material manufacturing equipment.

A kneading machine for kneading the sludge dewatered cake and lime, and a raw material manufacturing unit equipped with a granulator for granulating the kneaded product,
A fluidized bed furnace for charging the granulated product from the raw material production department and drying the granulated product as a fluidized medium, drying / preheating or drying / organic matter incineration / slaked lime firing,
A rotary kiln for introducing and firing particulate matter from a fluidized bed furnace;
A packed bed cooler for cooling the fired particulates from the rotary kiln,
The kiln bottom of the rotary kiln and the wind box of the fluidized bed furnace are connected via a rotary kiln exhaust gas conduit, and the raw material production section and the packed bed cooler are part of the odor gas generated in the granulated product production process. Is connected so as to be able to directly cool the calcined particulate matter through an odor conduit for introducing the gas into the cooler, the packed bed cooler and the rotary kiln are connected via an exhaust odor pipe, and further, the packed bed A cooling air pipe passes through the packed bed of the cooler,
A cyclone for separating the dust by introducing the exhaust gas from the fluidized bed furnace, and for heat recovery by introducing the exhaust gas from this cyclone and exchanging heat with the remainder of the odor gas generated in the granulated product production process A heat exchanger ,
A part of the odor heated by the heat exchanger is blown into the rotary kiln burner in the vicinity of the burner of the rotary kiln or directly into the burner, and the odor components are burned or decomposed in the rotary kiln to be deodorized, and the heat exchanger The ground improvement is characterized in that the remainder of the odor heated in is blown into a rotary kiln kiln bottom or a fluidized-bed furnace windbox, or blown into a freeboard part of a fluidized-bed furnace to be deodorized. Material manufacturing equipment.

A heat exchanger is provided in two stages in series with respect to the exhaust gas flow, and the odor generated in the granulated product production process is blown into the high temperature side heat exchanger, and cooling air is blown into the low temperature side heat exchanger. The ground improvement material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 6 or 7.

The cyclone has an exhaust gas introduction port for introducing exhaust gas in a tangential direction at the upper part, and a substantially inverted conical body is continuously provided at the lower part of the cylindrical body having an exhaust gas discharge pipe at the center of the upper surface. An enlarged wall portion is continuously provided in the lower portion, and a substantially inverted conical cylinder portion is further provided continuously with the enlarged wall portion. The relationship between the lower end inner diameter D1 of the substantially inverted cone body and the inner diameter d of the exhaust gas discharge pipe is D1 ≧ d And a high-efficiency cyclone having a relationship of D2 = (0.8 to 1.0) × D between an inner diameter D of the cylindrical body and a lower end inner diameter D2 of the enlarged wall portion. The manufacturing apparatus of the ground improvement material of 7 or 8.

The apparatus for producing a ground improvement material according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the heat exchanger has a structure in which heat transfer tubes for allowing odor to pass through and being heated are arranged vertically.

The gas dispersion plate of the fluidized bed furnace has a structure in which a plurality of small holes having a diameter of three times or less of the diameter of the fluidized medium are provided in the top wall portion of a large number of cylindrical bodies that are fixed to the plate body. The manufacturing apparatus of the ground improvement material in any one of -10.