JP3897558B2 - Discharge shock destruction method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a discharge shock destruction method that uses electric energy to break a columnar or beam-like structure or rock.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The present inventors supply electric energy stored in a capacitor or the like to a good electric conductor (for example, a thin metal wire) in a short time and discharge it to rapidly melt and vaporize the good electric conductor and its surrounding material, thereby expanding its expansion force. We have proposed many methods of destroying structures using
[0003]
By the way, cast-in-place concrete foundation piles that are driven into the ground when building a building, for example, are mixed with muddy water and sediment at the head of the pile, and solidify together with the concrete. To do. For this reason, removing the piled-up part of a pile head is performed.
[0004]
Conventionally, as a method of processing the pile heads of cast-in-place foundation piles, a method in which a pile head is destroyed and removed by an operator using a small breaker such as a hand pick or a breaker is the mainstream. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-105041 discloses a method of cutting a plate horizontally into surplus concrete and applying a blow after the concrete is hardened to split the concrete along the cut plate surface. -59721 In the method of construction, a chemical injection pipe is placed on the cut surface, the steel bar is covered with a covering material, the concrete is injected and solidified, and then it is sealed in the injection pipe and expands after a predetermined time. A breaker has been proposed that expands the diameter of the injection tube and cuts the pile at the cut surface.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional construction method by workers has a problem that the noise is so strong that it is not suitable for urban areas and the burden on workers who use the destruction machine is heavy. Also, in the method of inserting a cut plate, the concrete placement work is interrupted and the placement work becomes complicated, and the cut plate is plate-shaped and has a plurality of through holes, but it impedes the rise of impurities. There is a risk that the quality of the concrete below the cut plate will deteriorate. Furthermore, in the construction method using an expansion breaker, since the expansion breaker is a harmful agent, its handling is difficult and there is a problem that careful work is required.
[0006]
The inventors of the present invention focus on the electric discharge destruction method and solve the above problems, and an object of the invention is to provide a electric discharge destruction method that can accurately destroy a columnar or beam-like object along the destruction surface.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, when using a discharge cartridge to destroy an object to be destroyed having a substantially circular or substantially polygonal cross section along the destruction surface, an outer surface of the destruction surface is provided. The breaking force generated from the discharge cartridge loaded in the fracture hole toward the adjacent fracture hole is generated radially outward from the center of the cross section toward the outer surface. Drilling holes are formed so that the forming angle is less than 90 ° with respect to adjacent breaking holes so as to be larger than the breaking force to be formed, and between the breaking holes, the crack-connecting holes are shorter than the breaking holes from the outer surface of the breaking surface. were respectively formed, the loading of each discharge cartridge into each fracture holes, supplying of rapidly melting vaporize the electrical conductor electrical energy to immersion electrical conductor to the filler in the discharge cartridge in a short time To generate a destructive force Te, it is to destroy the debris along the fracture surface of this destructive force by transmitted to the debris through the filler.
[0008]
According to the above configuration, when the object having the substantially circular cross section or the substantially polygonal cross section is destroyed along the destruction surface, the destruction hole for loading the discharge cartridge is formed in the radial direction from the outer surface toward the center of the transverse section. By drilling to less than ° C, the breaking force generated by the shock wave from the adjacent discharge cartridge is larger than the breaking force acting outward in the radial direction. The fracture surface between the holes can be destroyed first, and the object to be destroyed can be well destroyed along the fracture surface. In addition, since the breaking surface is destroyed first, the breaking force acting in the other direction can be released from the already destroyed breaking surface part, so that there is no crack in the corner of the breaking surface, and there is no crack. Can be formed well. Therefore, this is extremely effective when other components are connected or an article is attached using the fracture surface. In addition, cracks tend to pass through the low strength part of the object to be destroyed, and by forming holes for crack connection on the fracture surface, the cracks between the fracture holes can be easily connected. Even when the distance between the fracture holes is large, adjacent fracture holes can be connected well, and the fracture surface can be favorably broken.
[0009]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, when using a discharge cartridge to destroy a destruction object having a substantially rectangular or substantially elliptical cross section along the destruction surface, the destruction surface has a longitudinal direction on the transverse section. Two cross-sectional centers located on both sides and a cross-sectional center line connecting these cross-sectional centers are set, and a plurality of substantially radial directions from the outer surface toward the cross-sectional center side on both sides in the longitudinal direction on the fracture surface The breaking force generated from the discharge cartridge loaded in the first breaking hole to the adjacent first breaking hole is larger than the breaking force generated radially outward from the center of the cross section. so as to, perforated so formed angle to the first fracture hole adjacent is each less than 90 °, a plurality of second-breaking pores facing the cross-sectional center line from the outer surface between the cross-sectional center, the second breakdown Discharge car loaded in each hole Second-breaking pores or destructive force generated toward the first fracture hole adjacent the ridge, the so from cross-sectional center line becomes larger than the breakdown force generated toward the outer surface in the radial direction, the second fracture adjacent Drilling in parallel with each other so that the formation angles with respect to the holes are 0 °, respectively , between the first fracture holes, between the first fracture holes and the second fracture holes, and between the second fracture holes, respectively, from the outer surface of the fracture surface , Forming crack-connecting holes shallower than the depths of the first and second fracture holes, respectively, charging the first and second fracture holes with discharge cartridges, and filling the discharge cartridges in the respective discharge cartridges The electric energy is supplied to the good electric conductor immersed in the agent in a short time, and the electric good conductor is rapidly melted and vaporized to generate a destructive force. Along It is intended to destroy the debris Te.
[0010]
According to the above configuration, when the object having a substantially rectangular cross section or a substantially oval cross section is destroyed along the destruction surface, the first destruction hole and the second destruction hole for loading the discharge cartridge are arranged at the center of the transverse section from the outer surface. Alternatively, by drilling so that the angle of formation with adjacent breaker holes is less than 90 ° in the direction toward the center line of the cross section, the breaker force generated by the shock wave from the discharge cartridge acts in the direction between the breaker holes. Since the destructive force is made larger than the destructive force acting outward in the radial direction and the destructive surfaces between the destructive holes are first destructed, the object to be destructed can be favorably destructed along the destructive surface. In addition, since the fracture surface is destroyed first, the destructive force acting in the other direction can be released from the already destroyed fracture surface part, so it is good without causing cracks or chipping at the corners of the fracture surface A flat fracture surface can be formed. Therefore, it is extremely effective when connecting other components or attaching articles using this fracture surface. In addition, cracks tend to pass through low-strength parts of the object to be destroyed. For crack connection between the first fracture holes, between the first fracture hole and the second fracture hole, and between the second fracture holes, respectively. By forming the holes, it is possible to easily connect the cracks between the first and second fracture holes, and even if the distance between the fracture holes is particularly large, the adjacent first and second The fracture holes can be connected well, and the fracture surface can be favorably broken.
[0011]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to the first or second aspect, the maximum distance between the fracture holes is less than a destructible region by the discharge cartridge loaded in the fracture holes.
[0012]
According to the above configuration, the dischargeable area of the discharge cartridge indicates the diameter of the area that is directly destroyed from the discharge cartridge and extends in the circumferential direction, and the discharges loaded in the adjacent destruction holes respectively. By making the dischargeable area of the cartridge continuous, it is possible to connect the destruction holes and more reliably break along the destruction surface.
[0013]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to any one of the first to third aspects, when a healthy part that does not break is left on at least one of both sides of the fracture surface of the object to be destroyed, The length of the healthy part is set so as to exceed the destructible region of the discharge cartridge loaded in the destruction hole.
[0014]
According to the above configuration, the length of the healthy portion, that is, the distance from the fracture hole to the free surface facing the fracture surface is set so as to exceed the destructible region of the discharge cartridge. Can be prevented.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Here, an embodiment of the discharge shock destruction method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0017]
The object to be destroyed here is, for example, a concrete structure, a rock mass or the like. A particularly suitable example is a cast-in-place pile that is constructed on-site by a cast-in-place concrete method. In this concrete pile, reinforcing bars are inserted into the excavated hole, a treme tube is inserted into the hole, concrete is placed, and a pile for foundation is constructed. Destroyed and destroyed.
[0018]
First, a destructive device used in the destructive construction method will be described with reference to FIGS. That is, a discharge cartridge 1 which is a discharge impact breaker loaded in the fracture hole 2 of the structure S includes, for example, a filler (a liquid such as water or oil, a jelly-like coagulant such as gelatin, A cylindrical container body 4 made of a material such as synthetic rubber, waterproof paper, or plastic filled with an explosive substance 3 in some cases, and a spacer or the like in the filler 3 through the canopy 4a of the container body 4 And a pair of electrodes 5 held in parallel with each other, and a fine metal wire (for example, Cu for metal) 6 which is a good electrical conductor connected between the tips of these electrodes 5. In addition, small metal pieces, carbon, or the like formed in a predetermined shape are adopted as good electrical conductors other than the fine metal wires.
[0019]
Further, the power supply device 11 arranged away from the destruction target S includes a pair of lead wires 12 connected to the electrode 5 with a discharge switch (high voltage switch) 12 a interposed therebetween, and the electrode 5 via the lead wire 12. And an energy supply circuit 13 for supplying electric energy to the energy supply circuit 13. The energy supply circuit 13 is connected between the lead wires 12 and stores a large amount of electric energy from the DC high-voltage power supply 13a via the charge control circuit 13b. A capacitor 13c is provided.
[0020]
When large electrical energy is supplied from the energy supply circuit 13 of the power supply device 11 to the discharge cartridge 1 via the lead wire 12 and the discharge switch 12a in a short time, the metal thin wire 6 is instantly melted and vaporized. Due to the volume expansion of the material and the positive pressure cavity due to the vaporization of the surrounding filler, a large shock wave is generated instantaneously, and the destructible object S is destroyed within the destructible region Mf by the destructive force of the shock wave. Is done.
[0021]
By the way, at the moment when the thin metal wire 6 is vaporized, the image of the destructible region Mf destroyed by the shock wave generated from the thin metal wire 6 of the discharge cartridge 1 is shown in FIG. An even circle is drawn, and an ellipse corresponding to the length of the thin metal wire 6 is drawn in a plane including the fine metal wire 6. However, due to reflection by the container body 4 and other factors, the destructible region Mf as a whole can be regarded as an end hemispherical cylinder that extends outward from the surface of the discharge cartridge 1 vertically. Therefore, a plurality of destruction holes 2 for loading the discharge cartridge 2 are formed in the destruction target S so as to connect the breakable region Mf, and electric energy is supplied from the power supply device 11 to the metal thin wires 6 of the discharge cartridge 1 in a short time. Then, the metal thin wire 6 is rapidly melted and vaporized, whereby the breaking force is transmitted from the container body 4 to the concrete structure S via the filler 3 to be broken. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, if the destructible regions Mf of the adjacent discharge cartridges 1 are connected, the adjacent destructive holes 2 are continuously destructed along the destructive surface Bf.
[0022]
However, the shock wave emitted from the discharge cartridge 1 of the fracture hole 2 adjacent to the outer peripheral surface which is the free surface F spreads in the range of the destructible region Mf. A crack c having a chamfered corner around the fracture surface Bf of the healthy portion Cs occurs.
[0023]
This is because, for example, in removing a cast-in-place pile head, a new high-quality concrete is filled in a later process to connect the pile head. Therefore, a good connection is not possible unless the fracture surface Bf is flat. The problem of being possible arises.
[0024]
Therefore, the inventors of the present invention applied a large destructive force between the fracture holes 2 by the shock wave generated from the discharge cartridge 1 to first destroy the fracture surface Bf between the fracture holes 2 and propagate in the other direction. We focused on the fact that the destruction to other parts can be prevented by releasing the destructive force caused by the shock wave.
[0025]
In the first destructive method according to the present invention, the cross section has an edge, a corner radius, a corner including a corner chamfer (including a rectangle whose aspect ratio is not significantly different), a circle, an ellipse, a polygonal columnar shape, A beam-like concrete structure having one cross-sectional center O1 located at a substantially equal distance from the outer surface on the cross-section is a target for destruction.
[0026]
That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the discharge cartridge 1 is used, for example, a structure S1 having a circular cross section is inclined at a fracture surface Mf perpendicular to the center line (at an angle other than 90 ° with respect to the center line). A plurality of puncture holes 2 in the radial direction from the outer surface Mf of the rupture surface Mf to the center of the cross-section (may be in the vicinity thereof) with respect to the adjacent puncture holes 2. Drilling is performed so that the formation angle θ1 is less than 90 °, and the discharge cartridges 1 are loaded into the respective breakage holes 2 to supply power, and the breakage is made along the breakage surface Mf.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 6 (a), the vector of the destructive force generated by the shock wave generated from the discharge cartridge 1 is well understood. That is, on the fracture surface Bf between the adjacent fracture holes 2 and 2, the destructive forces F1 and F2 caused by the shock waves that spread evenly from the discharge cartridges 1 and 2 of the two fracture holes 2 and 2 are radially outward. It can be divided into the breaking component force F3 and the breaking component force F4 between the tangential drillings directed to the both breaking holes 2 and 2, respectively. When the shock wave that generates the breaking force F3 is transmitted outward in the radial direction, the breaking force is directed from the transverse cross-sectional center O1 of the structure S1 toward the free surface F on the outer periphery, so that the free surface F is separated from the breaking surface Bf. It is thought that a crack that spreads out occurs. Further, the fracture component force F4 between the perforations is represented by a vector in the relative direction. Normally, in the dynamic vector, the vectors generated in the relative direction cancel each other, but in the shock wave, the wave with a compressive force and a peeling force is generated. Since the energy periodically acts on the object S to be broken and the fracture component force F4 is considered to be the sum of the two opposing impact energies, the fracture component force F4 between the perforations is the fracture surface between the fracture holes 2 and 2. It becomes the destructive force acting on Bf.
[0028]
Therefore, in order not to destroy the portion other than the fracture surface Bf, the direction of formation of the fracture hole 2 for loading the discharge cartridge 1 is set so that the fracture component force F4 between the perforations is larger than the fracture component force F3 in the radial direction. do it.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 6A, the breaking forces F1 and F2 due to the shock wave of the discharge cartridge 1 generated at the formation angle θ1 = 90 ° of the adjacent breaking holes 2 and 2 spread evenly from the metal thin wire 6 in a cylindrical shape. Is transmitted in a direction perpendicular to the fracture hole 2. And if the destructive force F1 = F2,
Fracture force F3 = 2 × F1 · cos [(180−θ1) / 2] in the radial direction (1)
Fracture force between drillings F4 = 2 × F1 · cos [θ1 / 2] (2)
[0030]
Therefore, from the formulas (1) and (2), if θ = 90 °, F3 = F4 and the fracture component force F3 in the radial direction is equal to the fracture component force F4 between the perforations. For this reason, the fracture | rupture and a crack generate | occur | produce in the corner | angular part of the fracture | rupture surface Mf outer periphery by the fracture component force F3 of radial direction.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 6 (b), when θ1 <90 °, F3 <F4 is established, the fracture component force F4 between the perforations becomes larger than the fracture component force F3 in the radial direction, and the fracture surface Bf breaks first. Is done. Since the fracture component force F3 in the radial direction is released from the fractured portion, no cracks or cracks occur at the corners on the outer periphery of the fracture surface Mf.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 6 (c), when θ1> 90 °, F3> F4 is satisfied, and the fracture component force F3 in the radial direction is larger than the fracture component force F4 between the perforations, and the corners on the outer periphery of the fracture surface Mf Cracks and cracks occur.
[0033]
Therefore, when the formation angle θ of the fracture hole 2 is less than 90 °, F3 <F4, the fracture surface Bf between the fracture holes 2 is favorably broken, and the fracture component force F3 in the radial direction is determined from the fracture surface Mf. It can be leaked, and no cracks or cracks occur at the corners of the outer periphery of the fracture surface Mf.
[0034]
As for the structure S1 after destruction, as shown in FIG. 5, there is no problem with the destructive part Cs to be destroyed and removed, but when there is a healthy part Bs that remains without being destroyed, the destructive force reaches the healthy part Bs. Inconvenient. Therefore, the healthy part Bs is not destroyed by setting the length of the healthy part Bs to be larger than ½ of the destructible region Mf. Since the destructible region Mf may fluctuate depending on the destructive conditions, it is preferable to secure the healthy part Bs with a length longer than the destructible region Mf. As a result, the adjacent destruction holes 2 (discharge cartridges 1) are at the closest distance, so that destruction is first performed between the destruction holes 2 and 2, and no cracks or cracks are developed in the healthy part Bs. .
[0035]
Although the structure S1 has been described with a circular cross section, the center of one cross section is located at a substantially equal position from the outer surface, such as the structure S1a having a square cross section illustrated in FIG. 7 and the structure S1b having a regular hexagonal cross section illustrated in FIG. Structures such as a substantially polygonal cross section and an elliptical shape with a small flatness are similarly configured. Of course, in the above cross section, the corners are formed in an edge shape, but there is no problem even if it is a chamfered or rounded polygonal cross section. In the above description, the fracture surface Bf is set along a cross section perpendicular to the center line of the structure S1. However, the fracture surface Bf may be a transverse fracture surface Bf that intersects the center line at a predetermined angle.
[0036]
Next, the object to be destroyed is a horizontally long rectangular cross-section, an oval cross-section, an elliptical cross-section with a large flatness, etc. Of those having the cross-sectional centers O2, O3, for example, the structure S2 having an oval cross-section will be described with reference to FIG.
[0037]
In the case of the structure S2 having such an oval cross section, two cross section centers O2 and O3 are set at a substantially equal distance from the outer surface on both sides in the longitudinal direction in the cross section, and these cross section centers O2 are set on the fracture surface Bf. , O3, and the outer periphery of the end portion, the first destruction holes 2A are formed so that the formation angle is less than 90 ° with respect to the adjacent destruction holes 2A. Further, a plurality of second fracture holes 2B are perforated so as to intersect, for example, at right angles from the outer surface between the cross-sectional centers O2 and O3 toward a center line (cross-sectional center line) CL connecting the cross-sectional centers O1 and O2. . These second fracture holes 2B are generated by shock waves generated from the loaded discharge cartridges 1 and 1 by being drilled so that the formation angle is 0 ° parallel to the adjacent fracture holes 2B. All destructive forces can be exerted as the destructive force F4 between drillings. Of course, it goes without saying that the maximum distance of the discharge cartridge 1 loaded in the first break hole 2A and the second break hole 2B is within the breakable region of the discharge cartridge 1, and in the adjacent second break hole 2B. In contrast, the forming angle θ may be less than 90 °.
[0038]
That is, the second destructive method according to the present invention uses the discharge cartridge 1 to break the destructive surface Bf along the destructive surface Bf perpendicular to the center of the structure S2 having a substantially oval cross section. In addition, two cross-sectional centers O1, O2 positioned on both ends in the longitudinal direction on the cross-section and a cross-sectional center line CL connecting these cross-sectional centers O1, O2 are set, and the longitudinal direction on the fracture surface Bf A plurality of first fracture holes 2A in a substantially radial direction from the outer surfaces on both sides to the cross-sectional center O1, O2 side, and a plurality of second fracture holes from the outer surface between the cross-sectional centers O1, O2 toward the cross-sectional center line CL 2B is drilled such that the formation angles with respect to the adjacent fracture holes 2A and 2B are less than 90 °, and the discharge cartridge 1 is loaded into the first fracture hole 2A and the second fracture hole 2B, respectively, and the structure S2 Is destroyed along the fracture surface Bf It is intended. Of course, the formation of the air holes 21 between the first destruction holes 2A and between the second destruction holes 2B is the same as the previous destruction method.
[0039]
Therefore, the structure S2 can be substantially planarly broken along the fracture surface Bf by the destructive force released from the discharge cartridge 1, and no crack is generated at the corner of the fracture surface.
[0040]
As shown in FIG. 10, the same applies to the structure S2a having a rectangular cross section.
Next, a detailed technique common to both of the above-described destruction objects S1 and S2 in the electric discharge destruction method according to the present invention will be described.
[0041]
First, when the diameters of the structures S1, S2 (including S1a, S1b, S2a) are increased, the distance between the fracture holes 2 is increased. For example, in the structure S1 having a circular cross section, the formation angle θ of the adjacent fracture holes 2 = When the diameter is 0.5 m at 60 °, the maximum distance between the fracture holes 2 and 2 is 0.25 m in a straight line (about 0.4 m in a circular arc), but when the diameter becomes 1 m, the maximum fracture The distance between the holes 2 and 2 is 0.5 m in a straight line.
[0042]
Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, when the distance between the fracture holes 2 and 2 is a straight line and 0.5 m is within the destructible region Mf, the fracture surface close to the cross-sectional centers O1 to O3 of the structure S In Bf, since the distance Lb between the fracture holes 2 and 2 is short, the fracture hole 2 is connected well, but in the outer peripheral portion, the distance La between the fracture holes 2 and 2 on the fracture surface Bf is long and the crack is strayed and connected. become. For the fracture surface Mf, it is preferable that the crack does not stray in consideration of subsequent processes.
[0043]
For this reason, in the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7 to 10, the adjacent fracture holes are in the destructible region Mf, but when the distance between the fracture holes 2 is long, the stray cracks are torn. In addition, one or a plurality of air holes 21 in a substantially radial direction from the outer peripheral surface toward the transverse center O1, O2, O3 or the transverse center line CL are formed between the destruction holes 2 along the destruction surface Bf. Since the cracks generated at the time of breakage pass through the weak part of the structure S, the cracks can be guided well by the holes 21 even when the distance between the breakage holes 2 passes through the holes 21. Thus, a good fracture surface Bf can be formed. Of course, the larger the number of holes 21, the more planar fracture surface Bf can be formed.
[0044]
Further, rebars are usually contained in the concrete structures S1 and S2. As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 11, when the concrete structure S <b> 1 (S <b> 2) is described as a pile head of cast-in-place concrete, the sound portion Cs that is left without being broken has a circumferential direction. A plurality of vertical bars R1 and circumferential hoop lines (horizontal bars) R2 are connected to each other by a tie wire, but are destroyed in the destruction part Bs to be destroyed and removed. In order to easily take out the concrete pieces that have been removed, only the vertical bars R1 that are continuous from the sound portion Cs are provided, and usually no hoop bars are provided. However, at the time of destruction by the discharge cartridge 1, a destructive force by a shock wave is applied to the vertical stripe R1, and the vertical metal R1 may be deformed and pushed out to the outer peripheral side. As a result, a crack occurs in the outer peripheral portion of the fracture surface Bf of the healthy portion Cs, and the quality of the fracture surface Mf is lowered.
[0045]
For this reason, in the present invention, one or a plurality of fracture portion hoop muscles R3 connected to each vertical metal R1 via a binding wire or the like are included in the fracture portion Bs near the fracture surface Bf. Of course, the hoop muscle R2 is also inherent in the sound portion Cs near the fracture surface Bf. Therefore, even when a breaking force is applied to the vertical streak R1 along the fracture surface Bf by the shock wave at the time of the fracture, the deformation of the vertical streak R1 is prevented by the hoop muscles R2 and R3, and cracks or It is possible to prevent cracks from occurring.
[0046]
Further, the adhesion force of the reinforcing bars R1 and R2 interposed between the structures S1 and S2 to the concrete may impede the transmission of shock waves by the discharge cartridge 1, and the destruction of the fracture surface Bf may not progress. Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 11, the edge cutting material 31 is coated on the longitudinal bars R <b> 1 in particular corresponding to the fracture portion Bs in advance before placing concrete. This edge cutting material 31 reduces the degree of adhesion between the vertical bars R1 and the concrete, facilitates the displacement of the concrete, or causes the fracture surface of the concrete by an air layer interposed between the vertical bars R1 and the concrete. Displacement in a direction perpendicular to Mf is allowed, and the fracture surface Bf can be favorably broken.
[0047]
Examples of suitable edge cutting materials 31 include the following.
1. Those that reduce adhesion, lubricants such as oil and silicone,
2. Things that facilitate displacement, soft plastic, synthetic rubber, wood,
3. The one having an air layer, foamed polystyrene, sponge, air cap sheet, corrugated cardboard As mentioned above, the method of covering the edge cutting material 31 on the vertical iron R1 perpendicular to the fracture surface Bf is used when destroying an existing concrete structure. Although it is difficult to apply, it can be applied to a part of a newly constructed concrete structure that has been determined to be removed in advance, and the pile heads of cast-in-place piles can be prepared for destruction in advance. So it is optimal.
[0048]
Further, when the structures S1 and S2 are cast-in-place pile heads, the fracture holes 2, 2A, 2B and the holes 21 are drilled using a drilling device such as a drill after the concrete is hardened. It takes a lot of work time as it becomes a field work that occurs. It is also conceivable that the longitudinal muscle R1 is accidentally damaged by the punching device. For this reason, in order to delete this punching work and shorten the working time, as shown in FIG. 11, the loading container 41 into which the discharge cartridge 1 can be inserted is destroyed using the fixtures 51 to 53 shown in FIG. It is fixed to the vertical streak R1 along the surface Bf. These loading containers 41 are formed of plastic, paper, or wooden pipe that can be easily broken without affecting the shock wave generated by the discharge cartridge 1, and are cylindrical with the tip of the main body 41a closed in a hemispherical shape. An opening / closing lid 41b is attached to the proximal end opening. The loading container 41 is arranged in the same manner as the fracture hole 2 so that the forming angle with the adjacent loading container 41 is less than 90 ° so that the opening / closing lid 41b is exposed to the outer surface of the structure after the concrete is placed. Placed in.
[0049]
A fixing tool 51 shown in FIG. 13 (a) has a large-diameter outer ring member 51a attached to the inner side or the outer side of the longitudinal bar R1 by a wire or the like at a position close to the fracture surface Bf, and an inner side of the outer ring member 51a. The inner ring member 51b having a small diameter disposed concentrically and a connecting member 51 for connecting the inner and outer ring members 51b and 51a are arranged. On the upper surface or the lower surface of the inner and outer ring members 51b and 51a, the loading container 41 and the hole container 42 are formed. Is attached to a predetermined position by a wire or the like. The fixing tool 52 shown in FIG. 13B is constituted by a ring plate attached to the inner side or the outer side of the vertical streak R1 at a position close to the fracture surface Bf, and a loading container at a predetermined position on the upper surface or the lower surface of the ring plate. 41 and a hole container 42 are attached. Further, the fixing tool 53 shown in FIG. 13C is constituted by wire rods 53a to 53c stretched between the plurality of vertical bars R1 at a position close to the fracture surface Bf, and a predetermined upper or lower surface of the wire rods 53a to 53c. The loading container 41 and the hole container 42 are attached to the positions.
[0050]
Then, after the concrete placed on the structures S1 and S2 is solidified, the ground is dug to expose the outer peripheral portion of the fracture surface Bf, the opening / closing lid 31b of the loading container 31 is opened, and the discharge cartridge 1 is loaded. The seed wire 9 is connected and pulled out, and the mounting operation of the discharge cartridge 1 can be completed. Therefore, the drilling work of the fracture holes 2, 2A, 2B can be eliminated.
[0051]
When the distance between the loading containers 41 is long, a hole container 42 is arranged in place of the crack connection hole. As with the loading container 41, these hole containers 42 are made of a material that can be easily broken without affecting the shock wave generated by the discharge cartridge 1, and are contained in the structures S1 and S2 as they are after the concrete is hardened. Destruction work is carried out in the state.
[0052]
Furthermore, instead of the loading container 41, the discharge cartridge 1 may be directly embedded. Before placing the concrete, the discharge cartridge 1 is fixed to the longitudinal bars R1 at the same position as the fracture holes 2 and 2A using the fixtures 51 to 53, and the concrete is placed to place the discharge cartridge 1 in the concrete. It can also be made to exist in structure S1, S2. In addition, what is necessary is just to guide the lead wire 9 connected to the discharge cartridge 1 to the upper end part of structure S1, S2 along the vertical stripe R1. Thereby, the loading operation of the discharge cartridge 1 can also be deleted, and the destruction operation time can be further shortened and efficient crushing can be performed.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the object having a substantially circular or polygonal cross section is destroyed along the destruction surface, the destruction hole for loading the discharge cartridge is crossed from the outer surface. By drilling so as to be less than 90 ° in the radial direction toward the center of the surface, out of the destructive force generated by the shock wave from the adjacent discharge cartridge, the destructive force acting in the direction between the destructive holes is radially outward. It is larger than the working destructive force, the fracture surface between the fracture holes is first destroyed, and the object to be destroyed can be favorably destroyed along the fracture surface. In addition, since the breaking surface is destroyed first, the breaking force acting in the other direction can be released from the already destroyed breaking surface part, so that there is no crack in the corner of the breaking surface, and there is no crack. Can be formed well. Therefore, it is extremely effective when connecting other components or attaching articles using this fracture surface.
[0054]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the object having a substantially rectangular cross section or a substantially oval cross section is destroyed along the destruction surface, the first destruction hole and the second destruction hole for loading the discharge cartridge are provided on the outer surface. Out of the destructive force generated by the shock wave from the discharge cartridge by drilling so that the formation angle with the adjacent destructive hole is less than 90 ° in the direction toward the center of the cross section or the center line of the cross section from Since the breaking force acting in the inter-direction is made larger than the breaking force acting outward in the radial direction, the fracture surface between the fracture holes is destroyed first, so the object to be destroyed can be destroyed well along the fracture surface. it can. In addition, since the fracture surface is destroyed first, the destructive force acting in the other direction can be released from the already destroyed fracture surface part, so it is good without causing cracks or chipping at the corners of the fracture surface A flat fracture surface can be formed. Therefore, it is extremely effective when connecting other components or attaching articles using this fracture surface. In addition, cracks tend to pass through low-strength parts of the object to be destroyed. For crack connection between the first fracture holes, between the first fracture hole and the second fracture hole, and between the second fracture holes, respectively. By forming the holes, it is possible to easily connect the cracks between the first and second fracture holes, and even if the distance between the fracture holes is particularly large, the adjacent first and second The fracture holes can be connected well, and the fracture surface can be favorably broken.
[0055]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the length of the healthy portion, that is, the distance from the fracture hole to the free surface opposite to the fracture surface is set so as to exceed 1/2 of the destructible region of the discharge cartridge. Generation of cracks in the free surface can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a breaker according to an embodiment of a discharge shock breaking method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of the discharge cartridge.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view for explaining a destruction state by the discharge cartridge.
FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional view showing fracture holes and holes formed in a structure having the same circular cross section.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing the fracture hole and the hole.
FIGS. 6A to 6C are explanatory views showing the action of the breaking force caused by the shock wave of the discharge cartridge, which differs depending on the difference in the formation angle of the breaking hole.
FIG. 7 is a transverse sectional view showing fracture holes and holes formed in the structure having the same square cross section.
FIG. 8 is a transverse sectional view showing fracture holes and holes formed in the structure having the same regular hexagonal cross section.
FIG. 9 is a transverse sectional view showing fracture holes and holes formed in a structure having the same oval cross section.
FIG. 10 is a transverse sectional view showing fracture holes and holes formed in the structure having the same rectangular cross section.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing processing for the vertical streaks of the same structure and destruction part hoop lines.
FIG. 12 is a view showing the arrangement of the loading container and the hole container with respect to the vertical bars of the structure.
FIGS. 13A to 13C are plan views showing a fixture for attaching a loading container and a hole container. FIGS.
[Explanation of symbols]
S, S1, S2 Concrete structure Mf Destructible area Bf Fracture surface Cs Healthy part Bs Destructive part O1, O2, O3 Cross section center CL Cross section center line θ Formation angle 1 Discharge cartridge 2 Break hole 3 Filler 5 Electrode 6 Metal Thin wire 11 Power supply device 12 Lead wire 13 Energy supply circuit 21 Hole 31 Edge cutting material 41 Loading container 42 Hole container 51 to 53 Fixing tool

Claims (4)

When using a discharge cartridge to destroy an object to be destroyed with a substantially circular or polygonal cross section along the destruction surface,
The breaking force generated from the discharge cartridge in which the plurality of fracture holes in the substantially radial direction from the outer surface of the fracture surface toward the center of the cross section are loaded into the fracture holes toward the adjacent fracture holes is radial from the center of the cross section. Drilling so that the forming angle is less than 90 ° with respect to the adjacent breaking hole so as to be larger than the breaking force generated toward the outer surface ,
Between the fracture holes, forming crack connection holes shorter than the fracture holes from the outer surface of the fracture surface,
Each discharge hole is loaded with a discharge cartridge,
Electric energy is supplied to the good electrical conductor immersed in the filler in the discharge cartridge in a short time, and the good electrical conductor is rapidly melted and vaporized to generate destructive force, and this destructive force is applied to the object to be destroyed through the filler. Discharge impact destruction method characterized by breaking the object to be destroyed along the fracture surface. When using a discharge cartridge to destroy an object that has a substantially rectangular or oval cross section along the destruction surface,
On the fracture surface, set two cross-sectional centers located on both sides in the longitudinal direction on the cross-section, and a cross-sectional center line connecting these cross-sectional centers,
A plurality of first radial rupture holes extending in the radial direction from the outer surface toward both sides in the longitudinal direction on the rupture surface from the discharge cartridge loaded in the first rupture hole toward the adjacent first rupture hole. Drilling is performed so that the forming angle with respect to the adjacent first breaking holes is less than 90 ° , so that the breaking force generated is larger than the breaking force generated radially outward from the center of the cross section ,
Destruction generated from the discharge cartridge in which a plurality of second destruction holes directed from the outer surface between the cross-sectional centers toward the center line of the cross-section are respectively loaded in the second destruction holes toward the adjacent second destruction hole or the first destruction hole Drilling in parallel with each other so that the forming angle with respect to the adjacent second fracture holes is 0 ° so that the force is larger than the fracture force generated radially outward from the cross-sectional center line ,
For connecting cracks shallower than the depth of the first fracture hole and the second fracture hole from the outer surface of the fracture surface, between the first fracture holes, between the first fracture hole and the second fracture hole, and between the second fracture holes, respectively. Forming each hole,
A discharge cartridge is loaded in each of the first break hole and the second break hole,
Electric energy is supplied to the good electrical conductor immersed in the filler in each discharge cartridge in a short time, and the good electrical conductor is rapidly melted and vaporized to generate a breaking force. This breaking force is destroyed via the filler. Discharge shock destruction method characterized in that it is transmitted to an object to destroy the object to be destroyed along the destruction surface. The discharge impact destruction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the maximum distance between the destruction holes is less than a breakable area by a discharge cartridge loaded in the destruction holes. When leaving a healthy part that does not break on at least one of both sides of the destruction surface of the object to be destroyed, the length of the healthy part in the direction perpendicular to the destruction surface exceeds the destructible area of the discharge cartridge loaded in the destruction hole. The discharge shock destruction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the discharge shock destruction method is set.

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