JP3893406B1 - Solar thermal passive wood drying equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solar thermal passive wood drying apparatus that mainly uses solar heat passively, supplements the insufficient amount of heat with auxiliary heating of hot water circulation, and exhausts it with a draft.
SOLUTION: The heat collecting portions of the roof surface 5 and the south surface 3 of the wood drying house are air composed of a double transparent film 7 on the ceiling side, a carbon fiber sheet (CF sheet) 8 on the bottom side, and a single transparent film 9. Since the passage 10 is formed, high-temperature air obtained from the carbon fiber sheet (CF sheet) 8 that has collected solar heat flows as warm air from the south surface 3 side to the north surface 1 side through the air passage 10 into the room. As it is discharged, the solar radiation passing through the carbon fiber sheet (CF sheet) 8 warms the interior of the wood drying house as indicated by the arrow. Two fan coil convectors FC2-1 and FC2-2 and four indoor fans F3-1 to F3-4 rotate counterclockwise around the indoor deck lumber, and the surface of the lumber lumber and between the lumber To control the drying of the wetting material.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar heat passive wood drying apparatus that mainly uses solar heat passively, supplements a deficient amount of heat with auxiliary heating of hot water circulation, and exhausts it with a draft.

Until now, the wood drying apparatus for active use of solar heat has been mainly a wood drying apparatus that is actively used by installing a forced circulation heat collector on the roof (see Patent Document 1).
The solar collector drying technique, the carbon fiber sheet (CF sheet) air heat collector heat collecting area 120 m ² using a heat collecting member put full roof forcibly heating current in the large-sized fan, obtained This is the active use of solar heat that is conducted by directing hot air to the drying chamber and stirring it.
However, the conventional wood drying device is a. There are disadvantages such as low average heat collection efficiency of solar heat, high power cost of b, fan, etc., c, complicated structure and high construction cost, d, high maintenance cost, e, high drying cost.

JP 63-70048 JP

The present invention mainly uses solar heat passively, collects heat using an improved passive method for agricultural greenhouses, stores the shortage of heat in a floor warm panel and a fan convector , and exhausts it with a draft of a heat insulating cylinder. An object is to provide a wood drying apparatus.

The solar heat passive wood drying apparatus of the present invention is a wood that passively collects solar heat by laying a floor warming panel through a heat storage layer between concrete soils of a semi-cylindrical agricultural greenhouse covered with a double transparent film. A dry house is constructed, a single transparent film is placed inside the roof surface and the south surface covered with a double transparent film, a single transparent film is stretched, and a carbon fiber sheet is inserted into the air passage of the space to form a heat collecting part The wood drying house has a triple transparent film wall on the east and west side and an opaque heat insulating wall on the north side, and a pair of blower devices including a duct fan, a damper and a blower pipe are arranged at the east and west corners on the south side of the wood drying house, The air inside and outside the drying house is mixed at a constant rate and blown to the heat collecting part by the duct fan to collect solar heat, which becomes hot air from the opening of the heat collecting part. A fancon vector is placed upward on the south side of the wood drying house and an indoor fan is placed downward on the north side of the house, and convection due to the circulation of indoor air generated by the mixing action of the fancon vector and the indoor fan is In addition to controlling the drying of the lumber, a heat insulating cylinder with a damper is installed on the north surface of the wood drying house, and the humid air generated by the drying is passively exhausted by the suction effect of the draft of the heat insulating cylinder. .
During the night and during the day when there is little solar radiation, hot water that uses wood fuel combustion heat as a heat source is supplied to the floor warming panel and the fancon vector, and the amount of drying heat is complemented by radiation from the floor warming panel and convection from the fancon vector. It is.

The solar drying apparatus for passive use of solar heat according to the present invention is a passive method improved from an agricultural greenhouse, so that the heat collection efficiency of solar heat is high (65% on average throughout the year), and the cost of power for the fan, fan, etc. is low ( about 1 kW), Ha, auxiliary heat is petroleum technology using wood fuel, two, is cheap simple construction cost structure (floor area 25 m ² about 800 million), ho, to maintenance costs are low, and dried There are advantages and features that are not available in the past, such as low cost.

One embodiment of the solar thermal passive wood drying apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in the schematic perspective view of FIG. 1, the wood drying house used in the solar thermal passive wood drying apparatus of the present invention has four surrounding north surface 1, west surface 2, south surface 3, Each surface 4 has a side surface with a vertical surface, and the roof surface 5 has a semi-cylindrical shape with an arc surface extending from the north surface 1 to the south surface 3.
The roof surface 5 and the south surface 3 of the wood drying house are covered with a double transparent film, the east-west surfaces 2 and 3 are covered with a triple transparent film, and only the north surface 1 is an opaque heat insulating wall.
Furthermore, two heat insulation cylinders 6 for passive exhaust that are exhausted by a draft at both the east and west ends of the north surface 1 of the wood drying house are erected.
The general dimensions of the wood drying house are frontage (north face 1, south face 3) 5.0 m × depth (east face 4, west face 2) 5.0 m × height (north face 1 side) 3.4 m.
The height on the south surface 3 side is 2.5 m.

As shown in the left sectional view of FIG. 2, the roof surface 5 and the south surface 3 of the wood drying house are covered with a double transparent film 7 on the outside, and a carbon fiber sheet (CF) with an air layer (300 mm thickness) interposed therebetween. A heat collecting portion is formed by covering the sheet with a single transparent film 9 from the inside while keeping a small space (20 to 30 mm).
Therefore, the heat collecting part is formed with an air passage 10 composed of a double transparent film 7 on the ceiling side, a carbon fiber sheet (CF sheet) 8 on the bottom side, and a single transparent film 9.
The concrete soil 11 (floor surface) of the wood drying house has a warm floor panel FH laid on the entire surface through a heat storage layer (400 mm), and the warm floor boiler FH is a warm water boiler that uses the combustion heat of wood fuel as a heat source. Warm water from the BHW is circulated by the hot water pump PHW for heating.
In addition, two sets of fancon vectors FC are arranged at the bottom of the south surface 3, and hot water from the hot water boiler BHW using the combustion heat of the wood fuel as a heat source is circulated by the hot water pump PHW in the same manner as the floor warm panel FH. Convection drying with wind.
Four indoor fans F3 are arranged downward on the ceiling of the north surface 1, and the indoor air of the wood drying house is blown to the concrete soil 11 side to circulate the indoor air.
In addition, two exhaust dampers D3 are arranged under each of the two heat insulating cylinders 6 in total, and two duct fans F1 for collecting heat are symmetrically provided at the bottom of the floor of the south surface 3. A total of four dampers D1 and D2 for switching between inside and outside air are provided.
Actually, the dampers D1-1 and D1-2 are installed outward on the east surface 4 and the west surface 2 of the house, respectively, as shown in FIG. 3, and suck the outside air from the axial direction of the duct fan F1.
SR is a pyranometer, TR is a temperature sensor, and HR is a humidity sensor.

As shown in the plan view of FIG. 3, the heat collecting part is divided into two east and west areas at the center by a film partition 14, and each has three air passages 10 (channels).
The east and west areas integrated timber drying in house, the fan convector FC2-1, FC2-2 is one for each of east and west area side, the indoor fan F3-1, F3-2 and F3-3, Two pieces of F3-4 are arranged.
On the east and west sides of the south surface 3, a fan comprising a duct fan F1-1 and dampers D1-1 and D2-1 for collecting heat and a duct fan F1-2 and dampers D1-2 and D2-2 at the bottom of the floor surface. A pair of vessels are installed facing east and west.
In addition, the door 12 for carrying in / out is provided in the west surface 2 side, and the ventilation pipe 15 which distributes the ventilation of the duct fan F1 to the air path 10 (channel) is provided in the south surface 3 side.

Next, the operation of the solar thermal passive wood drying apparatus of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 2, the heat collecting part of the roof surface 5 and the south surface 3 of the wood drying house is composed of a double transparent film 7 on the ceiling side, a carbon fiber sheet (CF sheet) 8 on the bottom side, and a single transparent film 9. Since the solar air passage 10 is formed, the solar radiation warms the carbon fiber sheet (CF sheet) 8 and the transmitted solar radiation that has passed through the carbon fiber sheet (CF sheet) 8 as indicated by the arrows is the wood. Warm the interior of the drying house.
High-temperature air that has obtained heat from a carbon fiber sheet (CF sheet) 8 that has collected solar heat flows as a hot air from the south surface 3 side to the north surface 1 side through the air passage 10 and into the room through the heat collecting portion opening 13 on the ceiling. is discharged,桟積lumber two fan convector FC2-1, while swirling around the interior of桟積lumber in FC2-2 and four indoor fan F3-1~F3-4 counterclockwise shown in FIG. 2 It is responsible for the drying of the wetting material through the surface and between the materials.
Among small day night-time and solar radiation, floor heating panel FH and fan convector FC2-1, is supplied hot water from the hot water boiler BHW with warm water pump PHW the coil of FC2-2, similar daytime, is dried radiant and convective Promoted.

Next, the control and operation method of the solar thermal passive wood drying apparatus of the present invention will be described for (A) daytime and (B) nighttime respectively.
(A) Solar heat drying; early morning, the pyranometer SR is exposed to solar radiation and the output is equal to or higher than the set value (average value for 10 minutes is 0.02 W), and the duct fans F1-1 and F1-2 shown in FIG. 3 rotate. At the same time, the dampers D1-1 and D1-2 are opened and the dampers D2-1 and D2-2 are opened and closed by inverse proportional control.
The duct fans F <b> 1-1 and F <b> 1-2 suck indoor air and outdoor air at a constant rate, blown to the heat collecting unit, permeate the double transparent film 7, and are absorbed by the carbon fiber sheet (CF sheet) 8. Solar heat is transmitted to the air, and the heat is discharged into the room as warm air from the heat collecting portion opening 13.
The carbon fiber sheet (CF sheet) 8 in the heat collecting part transmits about 30% of solar radiation, and the transmitted solar radiation is directly applied to the wood to perform radiation drying.
At the time of drying in the daytime, the room temperature reaches 40 to 50 ° C., but the relative humidity at that time is a low humidity of about 20 to 30% suitable for drying.
In the evening, when the solar radiation is lowered (because the solar radiation is shaded even during the day), the output of the pyranometer SR becomes less than the set value (average value for 10 minutes is 0.02 kW), and the dampers D1-1 and D1-2 shown in FIG. Is fully closed, the dampers D2-1 and D2-2 are fully opened, the duct fans F1-1 and F1-2 are eventually stopped, and the heat collection is also stopped.
The next morning, when receiving solar radiation from the sun (when solar radiation recovers during the day), duct fans F1-1 and F1-2 are activated and repeat the same operation again.
The outside air sucked in by the duct fans F1-1 and F1-2 becomes warm air, absorbs moisture from the wood, becomes humid air, passes through dampers D3-1 and D3-2 (usually always open), and the heat insulating cylinder 6 It is passively exhausted by the draft action.

(B) Combustion heat drying; nighttime drying is performed by using 60-70 ° C. hot water made by the wood fuel hot water boiler BHW shown in FIG. 2 to the coils of the fancon vectors FC2-1 and FC2-2 and the floor warming panel FH. Water is supplied to keep the room at a temperature of 40-50 ° C.
At that time, the fan convector FC2-1, convection of heat radiation warm air from the coil of FC2-2, also the heat dissipation from the floor heating panel FH dries the wood radiation and convection.
When solar radiation is extremely short during the day, combustion heat drying is performed as in the night.
Moisture evaporated from the wood becomes moist air and is discharged to the outside air through the heat insulating cylinder 6 (the dampers D3-1 and D3-2 are opened), and the insufficient air is generated in the gaps of the house structure and the dampers D1-1 and D1-2. It is replenished by inhaling outside air through a gap.
During the drying process, the fan convector FC2-1, fan and indoor fan F3-1~F3-4 of FC2-2 is constantly rotated, the convection is performed as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 2, a damper for an exhaust D3- 1, D3-2 is normally open at all times.

(3) Drying days: Plumbing lumber with a bulk volume of 2.9m x 1.8m x 3.7m and an actual volume of 12m ³ will have a moisture content of 50% to 20% for one week in winter and five days in summer. Standard) can be dried.

It is a schematic perspective view of the wood drying house of this invention. It is sectional drawing on the left side of the wood drying house of this invention. It is a top view of the wood drying house of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 North surface 2 West surface 3 South surface 4 East surface 5 Roof surface 6 Heat insulation cylinder 7 Double transparent film 8 Carbon fiber sheet (CF sheet)
9 Single transparent film 10 Air passage 11 Concrete soil 12 Door 13 Heat collection part opening 14 Film partition 15 Air blower

Claims (2)

A wood drying house that passively collects solar heat by laying a floor warming panel through a heat storage layer between the concrete soils of a semi-cylindrical agricultural greenhouse covered with a double transparent film to form a double transparent film A single transparent film is stretched inside the covered roof surface and south surface , a carbon fiber sheet is inserted into the air passage of the space to form a heat collecting part, and the east-west surface of the wood drying house is triple The transparent film wall and the north surface are opaque heat insulating walls, and a pair of blower devices consisting of a duct fan, a damper and a blower pipe are arranged at the east and west corners on the south side of the wood drying house, and the air inside and outside the wood drying house is mixed at a constant rate. The air collected by the duct fan to the heat collecting part and collecting solar heat becomes warm air and blows out into the wood drying house from the opening of the heat collecting part, while the south side of the wood drying house The fancon vector is arranged upward and the indoor fan is arranged downward on the north side of the house, and the convection due to the circulation of the indoor air generated by the mixing action of the fancon vector and the indoor fan is responsible for the drying of the timber lumber. A solar thermal passive wood drying apparatus characterized in that a heat- insulating cylinder with a damper is installed on the north surface of the house, and a humid air generated by drying is passively exhausted by the suction effect of the draft of the heat-insulating cylinder . During the night and during the day when there is little solar radiation, supply hot water using wood fuel combustion heat as a heat source to the floor warm panel and the fancon vector to supplement the amount of drying heat by radiation from the floor warm panel and convection from the fancon vector. The solar-heat passive utilization wood drying apparatus of Claim 1 characterized by these.

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