JP3888423B2 - Impact crusher separation and collection device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a separation and recovery device of an impact crusher for waste recycling and landfill processing, and more particularly to a separation and recovery device of an impact crusher that separates and discharges foreign matters of crushed objects such as glass products. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, glass products, etc., are generally attached with foreign substances other than glass such as labels and caps, and it is necessary to remove these foreign substances to be used for recycling, landfill processing, etc. As a result, this contamination should be avoided. However, since it takes time and effort to remove the labels and the like individually in the removal operation, it is not generally performed and the whole glass product is crushed together.
[0003]
At present, after crushing or during crushing, glass and foreign substances other than glass are separated. Various devices for sorting have been proposed. For example, there is JP-A-8-215590. This publication describes a configuration for separating foreign substances in a crushing process as an apparatus for crushing glass products. The device of this publication is provided with two rotating hammers, and a dust collector is connected to the hammer. However, since the device has two rotating hammers, it requires two driving sources, and In addition to a device for collecting crushed materials such as crushed particles, a separate device for collecting foreign matter that is not separated is also required, and the device is large and complicated and expensive.
[0004]
For this reason, as a device used by a small-scale contractor or the like, it takes a space and is not suitable because of its high cost. In order to cope with the current situation where subdivision of separation is required, ideals can be handled at the terminal stage where waste is directly delivered, for example, at small businesses or supermarkets, or in public facilities, residents' associations, etc. In other words, there is a demand for products that can be used at home, that is, products that are simple and economical.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as described above, the conventional techniques and devices are complicated and expensive, and are not simple ones that can be used by small-scale businesses.
[0006]
The present invention solves such a conventional problem, and while maintaining high crushing efficiency, collects recycled products by making the particle shape and particle size of the material to be crushed constant, and crushes to collect and discharge foreign substances by separating them. The purpose is to provide a separate collection device. Another object of the present invention is to provide a crusher separation / collection device that can be used as a recycling device in a small-sized business, a supermarket, a public facility, etc., with a compact configuration at a low cost.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the impact crusher separation device of the present invention comprises:
A plurality of strikers (10) are provided on the outer periphery of the rotating rotor (2),
A base (3) that rotatably supports the rotor (2) can be opened and closed by a hinge (16), and a casing (3) is provided along the outer circumferential direction of the rotor (2),
A repellent member (13) is provided on the inner wall of the casing (3) ,
In the impact type crusher that crushes the object to be crushed from the charging port of the base body (3) with the impactor (10) and crushes the object to be crushed with the repulsion member (13),
A separation member (19) that separates and discharges the finely crushed object of the crushed object provided at the lower part of the base body (3);
In order to re-crush or collect the object to be crushed or to be collected, it is provided at the discharge portion (20) of the inner wall of the base (3) and is swingably provided via a support shaft (24) of the base (3). A movable repellent member (21),
In the separation and collection device of the impact type crusher comprising the staying part (22) for collecting and receiving the crushed material that is not separated into the discharge part ,
The movable repulsion member (21) is provided so as to be swingable by its own weight, and is configured to be opened and closed by abutment of an object to be crushed or wind pressure in the impact crusher. .
[0008]
Since the repulsion member provided in the casing (3) can be opened and closed , the repulsion member can be opened and removed when foreign matter or the like is clogged in the crusher. The crushed material in the staying part (22) may be discharged to a discharge box or the like by opening the cover when a predetermined amount stays. Since it is not necessary to provide a box or device for constant discharge, the device becomes compact. Since the movable repulsion member (21) is provided so as to be swingable by its own weight , the configuration becomes simpler.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration of an impact crusher 1 including a sorting and collecting apparatus according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view cut in a direction perpendicular to the axis of a rotor 2. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the same configuration as FIG. 1 and shows a state where the movable repulsion plate is opened. 3 to 6 are partial sectional views of the apparatus according to the present invention. The upper part of the casing 3 (base body) of the impact crusher 1 serves as an inlet 4 for an object to be crushed. A hopper 5 is provided at the upper portion of the charging port 4, and an object to be crushed such as a glass bottle before being crushed from a conveyor or the like (not shown) is conveyed to the hopper 5. A discharge port 6 for discharging the crushed material to be crushed is provided at the bottom of the impact crusher 1.
[0010]
The rotor 2 is configured integrally with three rotor disks 7 arranged at positions separated from each other along the axis. A rotor shaft 8 is provided at the center, and the rotor shaft 8 is connected to a speed reducer 9 disposed outside the casing. The speed reducer 9 is driven by a motor (not shown).
[0011]
The outer periphery of the rotor disk 7 is provided with a jaw portion 7a for attaching the striker 10, and the striker 10 is fixed to the seat portion 7b of the jaw portion 7a by a bolt 11. The striker 10 is attached to one rotor disk 7 at three equal intervals, and two strikers 10 are attached to each of the rotor discs 7 in pairs in the axial direction. The striker 10 is a hard casting and has wear resistance. The shape is a square block, and when the striking surface is worn, it can be removed and turned over to make the mounting surface a striking surface and reused. Therefore, it is symmetrical.
[0012]
The casing 3 of the impact crusher 1 has an arcuate inner wall portion along the rotation of the rotor 2, and the inside constitutes a crushing chamber 12 that crushes the material to be crushed. The outer periphery of the crushing chamber 12 is an inner peripheral wall and is covered with a hard material. A repulsion member 13 is attached to a part of the inner peripheral wall. A hard plate 14 is affixed to the inner peripheral wall to which the repulsion member 13 is attached in order to prevent wear caused by crushing.
[0013]
The plate 14 is divided so that it can be replaced when it is significantly worn, and is detachably attached to the side wall of the casing 3 by bolts 15. The casing of the repellent member 13 is separated from the casing 3 main body including the repellent member 13, and forms a kind of cover so as to be swingable via a hinge 16 provided on the casing 3 main body so as to be opened and closed. .
[0014]
Therefore, when a trouble occurs due to foreign matter or the like in the crushing chamber 12, the repulsion member 13 can be opened to inspect the inside. The repulsive member 13 is a bent block having an inclined surface 13a. The object to be crushed by the striker 10 is hit against the bent inclined surface 13 a of the repulsive member 13. The repellent member 13 is a hard casting having high hardness and wear resistance.
[0015]
The repellent member 13 is detachably attached to the separated cover 3a which is a part of the casing 3 as described above. On the outer wall side of the repulsion member 13, two protrusions 13b with holes are provided on each of the divided repulsion members 13, and when mounting, the protrusions 13b are provided with holes formed in the cover 3a. It penetrates and protrudes outward, and the repellent member 13 is positioned and adhered to the cover 3a.
[0016]
The cotter 17 is inserted into the protruding hole 13b to fix the repellent member 13 to the cover 3a. Since the cotter 17 is a known part and has a tapered shape, the repulsion member 13 and the cover 3a are integrated by a wedge effect when pushed. The repulsive member 13 is composed of four parts divided in the same manner as the side wall plate 14 to form the combined repellent member 13.
[0017]
Further, a hard plate 18 is also attached to the inner wall of the inlet 4 of the casing 3 to prevent the inner wall from being worn when the object to be crushed passes to the crushing chamber 12. When an object to be crushed, such as a glass bottle, is introduced from the inlet 4, the object to be crushed is first crushed by the impact of the striker 10 due to the rotation of the rotor 2. Next, the object to be crushed is struck against the repellent member 13 and is in a granular state. The pulverized material to be crushed is dropped below the casing 3.
[0018]
A lower portion of the casing 3 serves as a discharge port 6, and a top portion of the discharge port 6 is provided with a rooster 19 (separation member) having a plurality of small holes. A recovery box or the like is installed at the lower portion of the discharge port 6, and a device for recovery by a conveyor or the like may be attached. All the crushed objects are received by this rooster 19. Accordingly, only the object to be crushed that passes through the small hole of the rooster 19 is discharged from the discharge port 6.
[0019]
The object to be crushed larger than this small hole is repeatedly crushed again by the striker 10 and the repulsion member 13 by the rotation of the rotor 2, and the object to be crushed is finely crushed until it passes through the small hole of the rooster 19. The rooster 19 is attached so as to be replaceable, and can be easily replaced when a different mesh is required. The rooster 19 is a plate having a plurality of small holes, but may be of a mesh-like slit type.
[0020]
Most of glass products and the like are in a granular state, but foreign matters such as metals such as a base, label paper, and vinyl remain in the crushing chamber 12 without being crushed. Since the rotor 2 is rotating, the paper such as label is in a floating state and may enter a gap in the crushing chamber 12 to cause a trouble. The casing 3 is provided with a second discharge port 20 for removing these foreign substances and preventing troubles.
[0021]
This 2nd discharge port 20 is provided adjacent to the rooster 19 along the rotation direction of the rotor 2, and discharges the to-be-crushed material which is not crushed. The second discharge port 20 is composed of a movable repulsion plate 21 (movable repulsion member) provided on the crushing chamber 12 side and a staying portion 22 for temporarily retaining a material to be crushed that is not crushed outside the crusher. A cover 23 is attached to the outer wall. If it stays to some extent, the cover 23 is opened and the material to be crushed is collected.
[0022]
The movable repellent plate 21 is configured to swing and open and close via a support shaft 24 attached to the casing 3 body. The movement of the movable repellent plate 21 is not limited to swinging, and may move linearly to open and close the second discharge port 20. The movable repellent plate 21 opens toward the second discharge port 20 and is set at a predetermined angular position.
[0023]
Next, the opening angle setting will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the support shaft 24 is provided across both side walls of the casing 3 main body, and the movable repulsion plate 21 is supported by the support shaft 24 and is swingable. The distal end portion of the support shaft 24 protrudes outside the casing 3 body, and one end of the lever 25 is fixed to the distal end portion. The lever 25 is movable so as to be swingable integrally with the movable repulsion plate 21 by a fixed support shaft 24.
[0024]
Bolts 26 and nuts 27 are attached to an intermediate portion of the lever 25, and engage with a stay 28 fixed to the side wall of the casing 3 by welding. The stay 28 is formed by bending an iron plate, and a foot portion is welded to the side wall of the casing 3, and a long groove 28 a is provided in an intermediate portion, and the bolt 26 of the lever 25 is fitted in the long groove 28 a. The bolt 26 has a T shape and is caught in the state where it is prevented from rotating in the long groove 28 a, and the screw portion of the bolt 26 passes through the lever 25 and is screwed into the nut 27.
[0025]
When the movable repulsion plate 21 is rotated and set at a predetermined angular position, the nut is loosened, the lever is rotated, the nut 27 is tightened when the position is set, and the lever 25 is pressed against the stay 28 by the bolt 26 and fixed. . This tightening method is not limited to this method, and a method of fixing the lever 25 by providing a groove on the outer wall of the casing 3 may be used.
[0026]
The opening angle of the movable repellent plate 21 is set so that the object to be crushed such as glass is guided to the crushing chamber 12 and the foreign matter is guided to the staying portion 22. The magnitude | size of the 2nd discharge port area accompanying this opening and closing is decided by the crushing state of a to-be-crushed object. Although the object to be crushed that does not pass through the rooster 19 is crushed again, a part of the object is struck against the movable repulsion plate 21.
[0027]
The opening angle of the movable repellent plate 21 is set so that glass that is crushed is returned to the crushing chamber after crushing, and particularly light labels that cannot be crushed are discharged from the second outlet 20. . Further, the movable repulsion plate 21 has been described as a device that is forcibly opened and closed by the lever 25. However, a method of hanging the movable repulsion plate 21 so as to be swingable by its own weight without providing a device such as the lever 25 may be used.
[0028]
In this case, the object to be crushed is opened and closed by a force that abuts against the movable repulsion plate 21 or wind pressure. This is the simplest method although it is unstable in operation. As described above, the second discharge port 20 is provided with a staying portion 22 as a space capable of storing a certain amount of foreign matter. When a predetermined amount of foreign matter has accumulated, the cover 23 of the second outlet 20 is opened to collect the foreign matter. For this reason, there is no need to install a separate collection box or the like because foreign matter or the like does not occur much.
[0029]
In the present invention, since the retention portion 22 is provided in the casing 3, it is efficient when the crusher is transported. If the glass product or the like is selected in advance and the object to be crushed is small in foreign matter, the movable repulsion plate 21 may be closed. At this time, the movable repulsion plate 21 has a function of only crushing due to repulsion.
[0030]
Further, when the movable repellent plate 21 is set and fixed at a predetermined angle, it has a function of crushing and discharging the object to be crushed, but when ideally set, the object to be crushed such as glass is this movable repellent plate. 21 is smashed by being smashed, scattered in the direction of arrow A, and returned to the crushing chamber 12. On the other hand, the foreign matter is pushed outward by wind pressure or the like while the light paper floats as indicated by an arrow B, and the heavy foreign matter comes into contact with the lower side of the movable repellent plate 21 and is pushed out and stored in the retaining portion 22. If foreign matter accumulates to some extent, the cover 23 is opened and the foreign matter is collected.
[0031]
Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. When there is a lot of dust generated with crushing, a dust collecting device for collecting the dust may be separately attached. Although the embodiment of the present invention is for a device in which the rotation of the rotor is limited to one direction, it can also be applied to a reversal system in which the rotor is reversed. Also, the number of strikers is not limited to three.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a retort is provided at the discharge port to maintain a high crushing efficiency and to keep the particle shape and particle size of the material to be crushed constant, in particular to collect recycled glass. In addition, it also has a function of separating and collecting a crusher that separates and collects foreign substances. By making this device compact and low-cost and compact, it can be used as a low-cost recycling device even in small businesses, supermarkets, public facilities, residents' associations, and the like. Further, even if the striker, the repellent member, and the plate are worn and need to be replaced, it can be easily performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an entire impact crusher, in which the axial direction of a rotor is cut at a right angle.
FIG. 2 is a partial view of FIG. 1, showing a state in which a movable repulsion plate is opened.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1. FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1. FIG.
5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the open / close setting structure of the movable repellent plate, as seen from the direction of arrow C in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a view taken in the direction of arrow X in FIG. 5;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Impact type crusher 2 ... Rotor 3 ... Casing 6 ... Discharge port 7 ... Rotor disk 8 ... Rotor shaft 10 ... Strike 14 ... Plate 17 ... Kotter 19 ... Rooster 21 ... Movable repellent plate 22 ... Retaining part 24 ... Support shaft 25 ... Lever 28 ... Stay

Claims (1)

A plurality of strikers (10) are provided on the outer periphery of the rotating rotor (2),
A base (3) that rotatably supports the rotor (2) can be opened and closed by a hinge (16), and a casing (3) is provided along the outer circumferential direction of the rotor (2),
A repellent member (13) is provided on the inner wall of the casing (3) ,
In the impact type crusher that crushes the object to be crushed from the charging port of the base body (3) with the impactor (10) and crushes the object to be crushed with the repulsion member (13),
A separation member (19) that separates and discharges the finely crushed object of the crushed object provided at the lower part of the base body (3);
In order to re-crush or collect the object to be crushed or to be collected, it is provided at the discharge portion (20) of the inner wall of the base (3) and is swingably provided via a support shaft (24) of the base (3). A movable repellent member (21),
In the separation and collection device of the impact type crusher comprising the staying part (22) for collecting and receiving the crushed material that is not separated into the discharge part ,
The movable repulsion member (21) is provided so as to be swingable by its own weight, and is configured to be opened and closed by abutment of an object to be crushed or wind pressure in the impact crusher. Sorting and collecting device for impact type crusher.

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