JP3884666B2

JP3884666B2 - Vegetable transplanter

Info

Publication number: JP3884666B2
Application number: JP2002078621A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 智洋竹山
Original assignee: Yanma Agricultural Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yanma Agricultural Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-03-20
Filing date: 2002-03-20
Publication date: 2007-02-21
Anticipated expiration: 2022-03-20
Also published as: JP2003274713A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、苗トレイから１株分の玉ネギ、葉ネギ、白ネギなどの野菜苗を取出して圃場に植付けるようにした野菜移植機に関する。
【０００２】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来、苗載台の苗トレイから１つの苗取出爪によって取出した苗を１つの苗植付爪に受継いで１条分の苗植付けを行う苗取出爪と苗植付爪とによる受継方式の野菜移植機があるが、この受継方式の場合苗取出爪と苗植付爪それぞれの駆動を必要とするばかりでなく、同期させる必要があるため構造が極めて複雑化すると共に、苗取出爪より苗植付爪に苗受継時には苗姿勢に乱れを起生させ、特に植付速度が高速となる程乱れを顕著なものとさせて、苗植付精度を低下させるなどの不都合があった。
【０００３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
したがって本発明は、上記課題を解決するために次の如く構成したものである。
請求項１においては、苗載台（２１）上の苗トレイ（２２）の苗（Ｎ）を取出して圃場に植付ける苗植付爪（２３）を、ロータリケース（３０・３１）により支持させると共に、苗植付爪（２３）を首振り動作させる首振りカム（３５）を、ロータリケース（３０・３１）と苗植付爪（２３）との間の回転する部材に配備させ、苗植付爪（２３）の支点部である軸（４０）の位置を、略３角形状の軌跡（Ｋ）で移動させると共に、該支点部である軸（４０）を中心として苗植付爪（２３）を首振りさせて、苗植付爪（２３）の先端を苗植付軌跡（Ａ）で移動させたものである。
【０００４】
請求項２においては、首振りカム（３５）のカム面（３５ａ）に転接するカムローラ（６６）を、苗植付爪（２３）に配備させたものである。
【０００５】
請求項３においては、首振りカム（３５）のカム面（３５ａ）にカムローラ（６６）を常に転接させるカム追従部材（６９）を、該カムローラ（６６）に設けたものである。
【０００６】
請求項４においては、苗植付爪（２３）の左右爪体（６４・６５）を開閉する開閉カム（３９）を、ロータリケース（３０・３１）と苗植付爪（２３）との間の回転する部材に配備させたものである。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて詳述する。
図１は移植機の全体側面図、図２は同全体平面図、図３は移植部の駆動説明図、図４は移植部の平面説明図であり、図中１はエンジン２を搭載する移動機体、３は前後スライドフレーム４・５に機体１を左右スライド自在に支持する固定フレーム、６はスライドアーム７を介して機体１をスライド動作させる油圧式スライドシリンダ、８はミッションケース９からの駆動横軸１０に左右伝動ケース１１を介し上下揺動自在に支持する左右の後車輪、１２は前記固定フレーム３の前端側にアクスルフレーム１３を介し上下揺動自在に支持する左右の前車輪、１４は固定フレーム３後端側のスイング軸１５を介し前後車輪１２・８を上下揺動させる油圧式スイングシリンダ、１６は機体１の後方にシャーシフレーム１７を介し装設する苗供給装置、１８は左右の後車輪８間に装設してミッションケース９に植付クラッチケース１９を介して連結させる苗植付装置、２０は苗供給装置１６の下方に配設する左右１対の覆土輪であり、前記苗供給装置１６の左右往復移動する苗載台２１上の苗トレイ２２より１株分のポット苗Ｎをヘラ形苗植付爪２３でもって挾持取出し圃場の畝面Ｍに直接的に植付けて、操向ハンドル２４操作による機体１の走行中に畝面Ｍに一定間隔毎のポット苗Ｎの移植を行うように構成している。
【０００８】
また、２５は前記スイングシリンダ１４を動作させて機体１を昇降操作する昇降レバー、２６は主クラッチレバー、２６ａは植付クラッチレバー、２７は走行速度を変速する主変速レバー、２８は機体１を左右方向に位置調節するスライド調節レバー、２９は左右後車輪８の駆動を停止させて機体１を旋回操作する左右サイドクラッチレバーである。
【０００９】
図５に示す如く、前記苗植付爪２３は、１つの苗トレイ２２に対し２つの苗植付爪２３により苗Ｎの取出し及び植付けを行うもので、同一植付軌跡Ａ上で１８０度位相を異ならせて、１つの植付軌跡Ａ中で２回の苗取り及び苗植付けを行うように設けて、苗植付速度を略２倍に増速させて高速植付作業を行うように構成している。
【００１０】
図６乃至図１６に示す如く、前記苗植付装置１８は、２つの苗植付爪２３の左右両側で前後及び上下方向に位置を異ならせて配置させる左右ロータリケース３０・３１と左右回転アーム３２・３３とを備え、左右ロータリケース３０・３１の内側位置で左右回転アーム３２・３３の中央を左右ロータリケース３０・３１の出力軸３４にそれぞれ連結させ、左右回転アーム３２・３３間略中央に配置させる２つの首振カム３５にそれぞれ連結軸３６を介し左回転アーム３２の両端を連結固定させると共に、前記連結軸３６外周に遊嵌させる外軸３７に連結アーム３８を介し円筒形開閉カム３９を一体連結させ、右回転アーム３３の両端に連結軸４０を介し揺動アーム４１の基端をそれぞれ一体連結させ、前記開閉カム３９中央の回転自在な嵌合カム軸４２に揺動アーム４１先端を一体連結させて、図１０に示す如く、２つのカム軸４２を結ぶラインａの中央に右ロータリケース３１の出力軸３４を一致させ、該ラインａと左回転アーム３２を平行に配置させてラインａと左回転アーム３２と２つの連結アーム３８とで平行四辺形を形成し、左右ロータリケース３０・３１の出力軸３４の回転時には２つの連結アーム３８の傾斜姿勢は一定に保った状態でラインａと左回転アーム３２の姿勢のみを変形（平行四辺形を変形）させながら左右回転アーム３２・３３の回転を行って、図２２に示す如く、苗植付爪２３を首振り自在に支持させる右回転アーム３３両端の連結軸４０に略３角状の植付基本軌跡Ｋを形成させるように構成している。
【００１１】
また、前記ロータリケース３０・３１はシャーシフレーム１７の固定ブラケットなどに駆動受軸４３の取付板４４を固定させ、植付クラッチケース１９の出力軸４５にスプロケット４６・４７及びチェン４８を介し連結する植付駆動軸４９を前記受軸４３に支持させ、左右ロータリケース３０・３１内の受軸４３にサンギヤ５０を固定させ、前記出力軸３４のプラネタリギヤ５１に中間軸５２のアイドルギヤ５３を介してサンギヤ５０を連結させ、プラネタリギヤ５１とアイドルギヤ５３とを同一歯数に、サンギヤ５０とこれらギヤ５１・５３のギヤ比を３：２に形成して、ロータリケース３０・３１が一方向に１回転するとき出力軸３４を逆方向に１／２回転させるように構成している。
【００１２】
さらに、右回転アーム３３両端の連結軸４０に回動自在に取付ける筒軸５４に爪受台５５の基端を固定させ、左回転アーム３２両端の連結軸３６に長孔５６を介し連結させる首振りアーム５７一端側の軸５８と爪受台５５の先端とをローラ５９を介し連結させ、爪受台５５に左右爪軸６０・６１及び左右開閉板６２・６３を介し苗植付爪２３の左右爪体６４・６５を連結させ、前記首振りカム３５の外周カム面３５ａに転接させるカムローラ６６をローラ軸６７を介して首振りアーム５７の長孔５６と軸５８間に取付け、首振りアーム５７の軸５８を中心とした他端側と前記外軸３７の固定アーム６８間に引張バネ６９を張設して、バネ６９力によりカムローラ６６を常時当接させる首振りカム３５の作用でもって苗植付爪２３に首振り動作を行わせるように構成している。
【００１３】
また、左右開閉板６２・６３は爪軸６０・６１外側の各受筒７０を介し爪受台５５に回動自在に支持させると共に、左右開閉板６２・６３及び爪軸６０・６１にそれぞれ固定する凹凸状の左右カム板７１・７２を係合連結させ、前記連結軸４０外側に左右摺動自在に嵌合させる摺動筒７３に左開閉板６２の前延出部６２ａを係合連結させ、前記開閉カム３９の円周カム溝７４に一端を係合させるカム従動部材７５を摺動筒７３に固定させ、受筒７０外側の爪受台５５と右カム板７２間に閉用捩りコイルバネ７６を設けて、開閉カム３９の作用でもって左右爪体６４・６５の開閉動作を行わせるように構成している。
【００１４】
さらに、左右爪体６４・６５の先端間にＴ字形の苗押出板７７を配置させるもので、苗押出ロッド７８先端に苗押出板７７を固定させ、前記筒軸５４に固設するロッド受け７９に苗押出ロッド７８の基端を摺動自在に支持させると共に、ロッド７８の固定バネ座８０とロッド受け７９間に圧縮バネ８１を介設して、苗取出し時に苗トレイ２２に進入する苗取出爪２３の進入力を利用してバネ８１を圧縮し、左右爪体６４・６５の開放時にはこの圧縮バネ８１力で爪体６４・６５に保持する苗Ｎの放出を助長させるように構成している。
【００１５】
また、前記苗植付装置１８の後部下方に左右覆土輪２０を配置させるもので、シャーシフレーム１７側に連結するブラケット８２に調節板８３及び調節ボルト８４を介し上下位置調節自在に覆土輪２０を支持させて、植付直後の苗Ｎに覆土輪２０で覆土を行うように構成している。
【００１６】
そして、ガイドローラ８５などを介し左右方向にスライド自在に支持する苗載台２１を進行方向に対し機体後部に配設させ、取出位置付近で苗トレイ２２は略垂直姿勢に保持して苗トレイ２２の開口取出側を前方に臨ませ、苗載台２１前方に配置させる苗植付装置１８の苗植付爪２３を前方より略水平に苗トレイ２２のポット内に突入させて苗Ｎの取出しを行うもので、図９、図１０、図１７乃至図２０に示す如く、左右ロータリケース３０・３１が駆動軸４９を中心として時計方向（実線矢印方向）に１回転するとき、左右回転アーム３２・３３を出力軸３４を中心として反時計方向（破線矢印方向）に１／２回転させて、前記ラインａと左回転アーム３２と２つの連結アーム３８とで形成する平行四辺形を変形させて、略３角形の植付基本軌跡Ｋで苗植付爪２３の首振り中心となる軸４０を上下運動させ、軌跡Ｋの上部及び下部付近では前記首振りカム３５によって苗植付爪２３の姿勢を上向き（略水平）及び下向き（略垂直）に変化させ、苗植付爪２３先端を植付軌跡Ａで上下動させて、苗トレイ２２から苗を取出してから圃場の畝面Ｍに植付けるまでの一連の植付作業を単一の苗植付爪２３で行うものである。
【００１７】
また、前記植付軌跡Ａは上部の苗取出位置及び下部の苗植付位置で後方及び下方に突出させ、苗取出位置から苗植付位置中間までの間では前方に緩やかな下り傾斜に、中間位置より苗取出位置までの間では略垂直に、苗植付位置より苗取出位置までの間では後上り傾斜に形成して、略垂直の苗トレイ２２に対し苗トレイ２２の下側より苗植付爪２３が近づいて、爪２３で苗を傷つけることなく苗Ｎを後方に抜出し、抜出した苗Ｎは爪２３の下側前方への移動によって苗トレイ２２上方の苗Ｎを乱すことなくスムーズに苗トレイ２２より離れて、苗Ｎの植付付近では苗姿勢を略垂直とさせた良好な苗Ｎの植付けを行うように構成している。
【００１８】
１つの苗植付爪２３が植付軌跡Ａの１つのループを形成させるために、左右ロータリケース３０・３１を時計方向に２回転、左右回転アーム３２・３３を反時計方向に１回転させ、左右ロータリケース３０・３１の２回転及び左右回転アーム３０・３１の逆方向の１回転によって２つの苗植付爪２３で２回の植付けが行われるもので、図１７の苗植付爪２３位置を植付軌跡Ａの０゜及び１８０゜状態とし、これより左右ロータリケース３０・３１を時計方向に９０゜回転させるとき図１８に示す如く、苗植付爪２３は軌跡Ａ上を反時計回りに移動し、０゜及び１８０゜位置より４５゜及び２２５゜位置に変化し、さらにケース３０・３１を１８０゜或いは２７０゜まで回転させるときには図１９、図２０に示す如く、苗植付爪２３は９０゜・２７０゜或いは１３５゜・３１５゜位置まで変化し、ケース３０・３１を１回転させるとき図１７の状態に戻り、ケース３０・３１の２回転によって１つの苗植付爪２３が１つの植付軌跡Ａのループを完了するものである。
【００１９】
また、前記植付軌跡Ａは圃場面付近で後方に小さく湾曲させた曲線部Ａ１を形成して、図２１に示す如く畝面Ｍ付近での動軌跡Ｂを略垂直Ｂ１状態とさせて、畝面Ｍの植付穴を小さくして苗Ｎの植付姿勢を良好とさせている。
【００２０】
ところで図７、図１３に示す如く、植付軌跡Ａ上の苗植付爪２３が苗Ｎを植付けてから元の苗取出位置までの戻り行程間で植付苗Ｎより上方位置に掃除用ブラシ８６などスクレーパ８７を配備させ、苗Ｎの取出しから植付けまで行う苗植付爪２３にあって土中突入時に爪２３に付着する泥土などを苗植付爪２３の開いた戻り行程中にブラシ８６で効果的に除去し苗取出し時に悪影響を与えるなどの不都合を防止している。なおスクレーパ８７としてブラシ８６の他、ゴム板、弾性板など何れを用いても良い。
【００２１】
上記からも明らかなように、苗載台２１の苗Ｎを取出して圃場に植付ける苗植付爪２３を設け、苗植付爪２３の植付基本軌跡Ｋを略３角形状に形成したことによって、必要とする略３角形状の植付基本軌跡Ｋをロータリケース３０・３１及び回転アーム３２・３３などの組合せで形成する爪駆動機構８８によって簡単に形成して、単一の苗植付爪２３で苗Ｎの取出しから苗Ｎの植付けまでの一連の植付作業を容易に可能とさせることができるもので、略垂直に配置させた苗トレイ２２の苗Ｎに下側より苗植付爪２３を近接させて苗Ｎを傷つけることなく良好に保持すると共に、保持後は苗植付爪２３を下方に移動させながら苗トレイ２２より離れて上方の苗Ｎを乱すことのないスムーズな苗Ｎの取出しを可能とさせて、苗Ｎの取出し精度を向上させることができると共に、植付軌跡Ａは圃場面近傍で前方から後方に湾曲する曲線部Ａ１を形成させたことによって、走行作業中における圃場面付近での植付軌跡（動軌跡Ｂ）を略垂直Ｂ１状態とさせて、圃場の植付穴を小さくし苗の植付姿勢を良好とさせることができる。
【００２２】
図２３乃至図２５に示すものは、左右爪体６４・６５の開放時に苗Ｎを強制押出する線状押出具８９を設けた構成例を示すもので、押出具８９は左右爪体６４・６５の先端外側に嵌挿させる輪状部８９ａを有し、前記筒軸５４の固定板９０に枢軸９１を介し揺動自在に支持させる苗押出アーム９２の一端に軸９３を介し押出具８９の基端を連結させ、苗押出カム部９４ａを外周面に形成する苗押出カム９４を前記摺動筒７３に固設させ、苗押出カム９４の外周面に当接させるカム作用軸９５を前記苗押出アーム９２の他端側に設けると共に、前記爪受台５５と苗押出アーム９２間にカム当接用引張バネ９６を張設して、常時バネ９６によって苗押出カム９４の外周面に作用軸９５を当接させ、苗植付爪２３の下動植付位置付近で爪体６４・６５の開放のタイミングに合わせてカム部９４ａでもって押出具８９を押し始めて、苗の水分などにより苗植付爪２３より苗離れが悪い場合でもスムーズな苗Ｎの離脱を可能とさせる一方、苗取出爪２３の上動取出位置では押出具８９を後退保持させて押出具８９が苗取りの障害となるのを防止するように構成している。
【００２３】
図２６乃至図３６に示す参考例は、前記爪駆動機構８８に２つの第１及び第２ロータリケース１３０・１３１を用いた参考例を示すもので、該爪駆動機構８８は、苗植付爪２３を駆動する第１ロータリケース１３０及び第２ロータリケース１３１と、苗植付爪２３を首振り動作させる首振りカム１３２と、苗植付爪２３の左右爪体１３３・１３４を開閉する開閉カム１３５とを備えるもので、シャーシフレーム１７の固定ブラケットなどに駆動受軸１３６の取付板１３７を固定させ、植付クラッチケース１９の出力軸４５にスプロケット４６・４７及びチェン４８を介し連結する植付入力軸１４２を前記受軸１３６に支持させ、第１ロータリケース１３０内の受軸１３６にサンギヤ１４３を固定させ、出力軸１４４のプラネタリギヤ１４５に中間軸１４６のアイドルギヤ１４７を介してサンギヤ１４３を連結させ、プラネタリギヤ１４５とアイドルギヤ１４７とを同一歯数に、サンギヤ１４３とこれらギヤ１４５・１４７のギヤ比を３：２に形成して、第１ロータリケース１３０が一方向に１回転するとき出力軸１４４を逆方向に１／２回転させるように構成している。
【００２４】
また、第１ロータリケース１３０の右側に第２ロータリケース１３１を配置させ、第２ロータリケース１３１の中央を前記出力軸１４４に固定させ、出力軸１４４を回転自在に支持する外軸１４８の一端を第１ロータリケース１３０に固定させると共に、外軸１４８の他端を第２ロータリケース１３０内に臨ませてサンギヤ１４９を外軸１４８に固定させ、第２ロータリケース１３１両端の出力軸１５０のプラネタリギヤ１５１に中間軸１５２のアイドルギヤ１５３・１５４を介し前記サンギヤ１４９を連結させるもので、外軸１４８と中間軸１５２とをギヤ比２：３のサンギヤ１４９とアイドルギヤ１５３で、中間軸１５２と出力軸１５０とをギヤ比１：２のアイドルギヤ１５４とプラネタリギヤ１５１で連結させて、外軸１４８に出力軸１５０をギヤ比１：３で連結させている。
【００２５】
そして図２８にあって、入力軸１４２を中心とした第１ロータリケース１３０の時計方向（実線矢印方向）の１回転に対し、出力軸１４４を中心として第２ロータリケース１３１を反時計方向（破線矢印方向）に１／２回転させる回転駆動中も第２ロータリケース１３１の出力軸１５０は回転を０に保って静止させると共に、第２ロータリケース１３１の１回転によって出力軸１５０に図３６に示す如き略３角形状の植付基本軌跡Ｋの運動を行わせるように構成している。
【００２６】
さらに、第２ロータリケース１３１の右外側に突出させる出力軸１５０の先端側にベース板１５５を固定させ、該ベース板１５５に揺動支点軸１５６を介し爪アーム１５７の中間を揺動自在に支持させると共に、爪アーム１５７一端の内方折曲板部１５７ａに固設する左右受筒１５８に左右爪ロッド１５９・１６０を介し左右爪体１３３・１３４を開閉自在に支持させている。
【００２７】
また、第２ロータリケース１３１の出力軸１５０には内軸１６１を回動自在に内挿させ、内軸１６１の左端をロータリケース１３１に固定させると共に、内軸１６１の右端に首振りカム１３２を固定させ、前記爪アーム１５７他端側の軸１６２に取付けるカムローラ１６３を首振りカム１３２の外周カム面１３２ａに接触させて、第２ロータリケース１３１の回転に連動して首振りカム１３２の作用で苗植付爪２３に上向き及び下向きの首振り動作を行わせるように構成している。
【００２８】
図３１乃至図３３にも示す如く、左右爪ロッド１５９・１６０には凹部カム１６４及び凸部カム１６５を係合させる左右開閉板１６６・１６７を固定させ、第２ロータリケース１３１の出力軸１５０位置の右側面に開閉カム板１６８を固設させ、内軸１６１を中心としたカム板１６８の外側面円周上に円弧状凸部の開閉カム１３５を一体的に設け、左開閉板１６６の下方折曲部１６６ａ先端に取付ける摺動子１７０を前記開閉カム１３５に摺接させる一方、受筒１５８外側の爪アーム折曲板１５７ａと右開閉板１６７間に閉用捩りコイルバネ１７１を介設して、第２ロータリケース１３１の回転に連動して開閉カム１３５の作用で左右爪体１３３・１３４の開閉動作を行わせるように構成している。前記摺動子１７０は揺動支点軸１５６の延長線上に設けて、苗植付爪２３の首振り中心（揺動支点軸１５６）と摺動子１７０の接触点を側面視で一致させて、苗植付爪２３の首振りの影響を受けることのない正確な爪開閉を行うように構成している。
【００２９】
また、前記ベース板１５５と爪アーム１５７間には爪上向き用の捩りコイル式の首振りバネ１７２を介設して、前記首振りカム１３２のカム面１３２ａに常時カムローラ１６３を摺接させるように構成している。
【００３０】
さらに、図３４にも示す如く、前記左右爪体１３３・１３４は内方に向けくの字形に折曲形成すると共に、左右爪体１３３・１３４間に苗押出ロッド１７３を介しＵ字形の苗押出板１７４を配設させるもので、前記爪アーム１５７の折曲板部１５７ａに固設するロッド受け１７５にロッド１７３の基端側を摺動自在に支持させると共に、ロッド１７３の固定バネ座１７６とロッド受け１７５間に圧縮バネ１７７を介設して、苗取出し時に苗トレイ２２に進入する苗取出爪２３の進入力を利用してバネ８１を圧縮し、左右爪体１３３・１３４の開放時にはこの圧縮バネ１７７力で押出板１７４を押動して爪体１３３・１３４に保持する苗Ｎの放出を助長させるように構成している。
【００３１】
そして、図２８、図３５に示す如く、第１ロータリケース１３０が入力軸１４２を中心として時計方向（実線矢印方向）に１回転するとき、第２ロータリケース１３１を出力軸１４４を中心として反時計方向（破線矢印方向）に１／２回転させて、また第１及び第２ロータリケース１３０・１３１の回転中にあっても第２ロータリケース１３１の出力軸１５０の回転は停止維持させて、軸１４４を中心としたケース１３１の回転中は出力軸１５０を図３６に示す如き略３角形の基本軌跡Ｋで運動させ、この運動中ケース１３１に一体の首振りカム１３２と出力軸１５０に連結支持する首振りローラ１６３の相対変化でもって苗植付爪２３に首振り動作を行わせて、略楕円形の植付軌跡Ａで苗植付爪２３を上下連動させ、苗トレイ２２から苗Ｎを取出してから圃場の畝面Ｍに植付けるまでの一連の植付作業を単一の苗植付爪２３で行うものである。
【００３２】
この結果、第１ロータリケース１３０が時計方向に２回転、第２ロータリケース１３１が反時計方向に１回転するとき各苗植付爪２３は植付軌跡Ａの１つのループを形成させ、１８０度位相を異ならせる苗植付爪２３によって２回の植付けが行われるもので、図３３R>３、図３５に示す如く、苗植付爪２３の軌跡Ａに沿う運動中、苗植付爪２３が最下動する植付位置２２５゜或いは植付直後位置２５５゜のとき、前記摺動子１７０に開閉カム１３５の開き始め位置ｂ或いは開き終り位置ｃを摺接させ、苗植付爪２３の最上動直前位置３３０゜或いは最上動の苗取位置０゜のとき、開閉カム１３５の閉じ初め位置ｄ或いは閉じ終り位置ｅを摺動子１７０に摺接させて、植付軌跡Ａに正確に同期した苗植付爪２３の開閉を行って苗Ｎの取出し及び植付精度を向上させるものである。
【００３３】
上記からも明らかなように、苗載台２１の苗Ｎを取出して圃場に植付ける苗植付爪２３をロータリケース３０・３１に支持させると共に、苗植付爪２３を首振り動作させる首振りカム３５をロータリケース３０・３１に配備させ、苗植付爪２３の支点部である軸４０を略３角形状の軌跡Ｋで移動させると共に、支点部の軸４０を中心として苗植付爪２３を首振りさせて苗植付爪２３先端を苗植付軌跡Ａで移動させたことによって、ロータリケース３０・３１の回転運動と苗植付爪２３の首振り動作の組合せで必要な植付軌跡Ａを形成して、苗取出しから苗植付けまでの一連の作業を単一の苗植付爪２３で容易に可能とさせることができると共に、必要とする植付軌跡Ａを自在に形成可能とさせて植付軌跡Ａ形成での自由度を向上させることができる。
【００３４】
また、首振りカム３５のカム面３５ａに転接するカムローラ６６を苗植付爪２３に配備させることによって、苗植付爪２３に備えるカムローラ６６でもってロータリケース３０・３１の回転に正確に同期させた苗植付爪２３の首振り動作を行わせて、必要とする植付軌跡Ａを高精度に形成できると共に、カム面３５ａにカムローラ６６を常に転接させるカム追従部材であるバネ６９・１７２を設けたことによって、ロータリケース３０・３１の回転中首振りカム３５に正確に追従する苗植付爪２３の首振り動作を行わせて、高速植付作業などでの性能向上を図ることができる。
【００３５】
さらに、苗植付爪２３の左右爪体６４・６５を開閉する開閉カム３９をロータリケース３０・３１に配備させることによって、苗植付爪２３の植付軌跡Ａ上の運動に同期した爪体６４・６５の開閉を容易に可能とさせ、良好な苗取出し及び苗植付けを行わせて植付精度を向上させることができる。
【００３６】
【発明の効果】
以上実施例から明らかなように本発明は、苗載台２１上の苗トレイ２２の苗を取出して圃場に植付ける苗植付爪２３を、ロータリケース３０・３１により支持させると共に、苗植付爪２３を首振り動作させる首振りカム３５を、ロータリケース３０・３１と苗植付爪２３との間の回転する部材に配備させ、苗植付爪２３の支点部である軸４０の位置を、略３角形状の軌跡Ｋで移動させると共に、支点部である軸４０を中心として苗植付爪２３を首振りさせて、苗植付爪２３の先端を苗植付軌跡Ａで移動させたものであるから、ロータリケース３０・３１の回転運動と、苗植付爪２３の首振り動作の組合せで、必要な植付軌跡Ａを形成して、苗取出しから苗植付けまでの一連の作業を単一の苗植付爪２３で容易に可能とさせると共に、必要とする植付軌跡Ａを自在に形成可能とさせて植付軌跡Ａ形成での自由度を向上させることができるものである。
【００３７】
また、首振りカム３５のカム面３５ａに転接するカムローラ６６を、苗植付爪２３に配備させたものであるから、苗植付爪２３に備えるカムローラ６６によってロータリケース３０・３１の回転に、正確に同期させた苗植付爪２３の首振り動作を行わせて、必要とする植付軌跡Ａを高精度に形成できるものである。
【００３８】
さらに、首振りカム３５のカム面３５ａにカムローラ６６を常に転接させるカム追従部材６９を設けたものであるから、ロータリケース３０・３１の回転中首振りカム３５に正確に追従する苗植付爪２３の首振り動作を行わせて、高速植付作業などでの性能向上を図ることができるものである。
【００３９】
また、苗植付爪２３の左右爪体６４・６５を開閉する開閉カム３９をロータリケース３０・３１に配備させたものであるから、苗植付爪２３の植付軌跡Ａ上の運動に同期した爪体６４・６５の開閉を容易に可能とさせて、良好な苗取出し及び苗植付けを行わせて植付精度を向上させることができるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】全体側面図。
【図２】全体平面図。
【図３】移植部の駆動説明図。
【図４】移植部の平面説明図。
【図５】移植部の側面説明図。
【図６】苗植付装置の駆動説明図。
【図７】苗植付装置の側面説明図。
【図８】苗植付装置の平面説明図。
【図９】苗植付爪部の側面説明図。
【図１０】回転リンク部の説明図。
【図１１】ロータリケース部の平面説明図。
【図１２】首振りカム部の側面説明図。
【図１３】苗植付爪部の平面説明図。
【図１４】苗植付爪部の平面説明図。
【図１５】爪開閉部の説明図。
【図１６】カム板部の説明図。
【図１７】苗植付爪の０゜、１８０゜位置の説明図。
【図１８】苗植付爪の４５゜、２２５゜位置の説明図。
【図１９】苗植付爪の９０゜、２７０゜位置の説明図。
【図２０】苗植付爪の１３５゜、３１５゜位置の説明図。
【図２１】苗植付爪の動軌跡の説明図。
【図２２】苗植付爪の基本軌跡の説明図。
【図２３】強制苗押出具部の平面説明図。
【図２４】強制苗押出具部の側面説明図。
【図２５】強制苗押出具の動作説明図。
【図２６】移植部の駆動説明図。
【図２７】移植部の側面説明図。
【図２８】ロータリケース部の側面説明図。
【図２９】ロータリケース部の断面図。
【図３０】苗植付爪の駆動説明図。
【図３１】苗植付爪部の開閉説明図。
【図３２】首振りカム部の説明図。
【図３３】開閉カム部の説明図。
【図３４】苗取出板部の説明図。
【図３５】苗取出爪の開閉説明図。
【図３６】苗取出爪の基本軌跡の説明図。
【符号の説明】
２１苗載台
２３苗植付爪
３０ロータリケース
３５首振りカム
３５ａカム面
３９開閉カム
４０連結軸（支点部）
６４・６５爪体
６６カムローラ
６９バネ（カム追従部材）
１３１ロータリケース
１３２首振りカム
１３２ａカム面
１３３・１３４爪体
１３５開閉カム
１６１内軸（支点部）
１６３カムローラ
１７２バネ（カム追従部材）[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vegetable transplanter that takes out a vegetable seedling such as an onion, a leaf onion, and a white onion from a seedling tray and transplants the seedling into a field.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, a seedling removal nail and a seedling planting nail for transferring seedlings for one row by passing the seedlings taken out from the seedling tray of the seedling stand by one seedling picking nail to one seedling planting nail There is a vegetable transplanter, but in this inheritance method, not only the seedling picking nails and the seedling planting nails need to be driven, but also the structure needs to be synchronized, so the structure is extremely complicated and the seedlings are removed from the seedling picking nails. When the seedlings are transferred to the planting claws, the seedling posture is disturbed. In particular, the higher the planting speed is, the more the disturbance becomes remarkable, and the seedling planting accuracy is lowered.
[0003]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the present invention is configured as follows in order to solve the above problems.
In claim 1, the seedling planting claws (23) for taking out the seedlings (N) of the seedling tray (22) on the seedling placing stand (21) and planting them in the field are provided with a rotary case ( 30 ・ 31 ) And a swing cam that swings the seedling planting claw (23) ( 35 ), Rotary case ( 30 ・ 31 ) And a rotating member between the seedling planting claws (23), and a shaft that is a fulcrum portion of the seedling planting nails (23) ( 40 ) Is moved along a substantially triangular locus (K), and the axis ( 40 Nail with seedling planting 23 ) And the tip of the seedling planting claw (23) is moved along the seedling planting locus (A).
[0004]
In claim 2, the swing cam ( 35 ) Cam surface ( 35a Cam roller ( 66 ), Nails with seedlings ( 23 ).
[0005]
In claim 3, the swing cam ( 35 ) Cam surface ( 35a ) To cam roller ( 66 ) Always follow the cam contact member ( 69 ) The cam roller ( 66 ).
[0006]
In Claim 4, the right and left nail bodies of the seedling planting nail (23) (64.65) Opening and closing cam ( 39 ), Rotary case ( 30 ・ 31 ) And a seedling planting claw (23).
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 is an overall side view of the transplanter, FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the transplanter, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of driving of the transplanter, FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of the transplanter, and 1 in FIG. The body 3 is a fixed frame that supports the body 1 on the front and rear slide frames 4 and 5 so as to be slidable left and right, 6 is a hydraulic slide cylinder that slides the body 1 via a slide arm 7, and 8 is driven from a mission case 9. Left and right rear wheels supported on the horizontal shaft 10 via a left and right transmission case 11 so as to be swingable up and down, and 12 are left and right front wheels supported on a front end side of the fixed frame 3 via an axle frame 13 so as to be swingable up and down. Is a hydraulic swing cylinder that vertically swings the front and rear wheels 12 and 8 via a swing shaft 15 on the rear end side of the fixed frame 3, and 16 is a seedling supply device that is installed behind the machine body 1 via a chassis frame 17. A seedling planting device 18 is installed between the left and right rear wheels 8 and connected to the mission case 9 via a planting clutch case 19, and 20 is a pair of left and right cover rings disposed below the seedling supply device 16. The pot seedling N for one strain is taken from the seedling tray 22 on the seedling mount 21 that reciprocates left and right of the seedling supply device 16 with the spatula-shaped seedling planting nail 23 and directly taken onto the surface M of the field. The pot seedlings N are transplanted to the heel surface M at regular intervals while the vehicle body 1 is traveling by operating the steering handle 24.
[0008]
Reference numeral 25 denotes an elevating lever for operating the swing cylinder 14 to move the airframe 1 up and down; 26, a main clutch lever; 26a, a planting clutch lever; 27, a main speed change lever for shifting the traveling speed; A slide adjustment lever 29 that adjusts the position in the left-right direction is a left-right side clutch lever that stops the drive of the left and right rear wheels 8 and turns the body 1.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 5, the seedling planting claws 23 are used to take out and plant seedlings N by using two seedling planting claws 23 with respect to one seedling tray 22, and have a phase of 180 degrees on the same planting locus A. Is arranged so that seedlings and seedlings are planted twice in one planting locus A, and the seedling planting speed is increased by a factor of approximately two to perform high-speed planting operations. is doing.
[0010]
As shown in FIGS. 6 to 16, the seedling planting device 18 includes left and right rotary cases 30 and 31 and left and right rotary arms that are arranged at different positions in the front and rear and up and down directions on both left and right sides of the two seedling planting claws 23. 32 and 33, and the center of the left and right rotary arms 32 and 33 is connected to the output shaft 34 of the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31 at the inner position of the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31, respectively. Both ends of the left rotation arm 32 are connected and fixed to the two swing cams 35 disposed on each other via the connecting shaft 36, and the cylindrical opening and closing cam is connected to the outer shaft 37 loosely fitted on the outer periphery of the connecting shaft 36 via the connecting arm 38. 39 is integrally connected, and the base end of the swing arm 41 is integrally connected to both ends of the right rotating arm 33 via the connecting shaft 40, so that the center of the opening and closing cam 39 is rotatable. As shown in FIG. 10, the output shaft 34 of the right rotary case 31 is aligned with the center of the line a connecting the two camshafts 42, and the line a and the left The rotation arm 32 is arranged in parallel to form a parallelogram by the line a, the left rotation arm 32, and the two connection arms 38. When the output shaft 34 of the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31 is rotated, the two connection arms 38 The left and right rotating arms 32 and 33 are rotated while only the posture of the line a and the left rotating arm 32 is deformed (the parallelogram is deformed) with the tilted posture kept constant, as shown in FIG. A substantially triangular planting basic locus K is formed on the connecting shafts 40 at both ends of the right rotating arm 33 that supports the attached claw 23 so as to be swingable.
[0011]
Further, the rotary cases 30 and 31 are fixed to the fixing bracket 44 of the chassis frame 17 with the mounting plate 44 of the drive receiving shaft 43 and connected to the output shaft 45 of the planting clutch case 19 via sprockets 46 and 47 and a chain 48. The planting drive shaft 49 is supported by the receiving shaft 43, the sun gear 50 is fixed to the receiving shaft 43 in the left and right rotary cases 30, 31, and the planetary gear 51 of the output shaft 34 is connected to the planetary gear 51 via the idle gear 53 of the intermediate shaft 52. The sun gear 50 is connected, the planetary gear 51 and the idle gear 53 are formed with the same number of teeth, and the gear ratio between the sun gear 50 and these gears 51 and 53 is 3: 2, so that the rotary cases 30 and 31 rotate once in one direction. When it does, it is comprised so that the output shaft 34 may be rotated 1/2 in the reverse direction.
[0012]
Further, the base end of the claw receiving base 55 is fixed to the cylindrical shaft 54 that is rotatably attached to the connecting shaft 40 at both ends of the right rotating arm 33, and the neck is connected to the connecting shaft 36 at both ends of the left rotating arm 32 through the long hole 56. The shaft 58 on one end side of the swing arm 57 and the tip of the claw receiving base 55 are connected via a roller 59, and the seedling planting claw 23 is connected to the claw receiving base 55 via left and right claw shafts 60 and 61 and left and right opening / closing plates 62 and 63. A cam roller 66 that connects the left and right claws 64 and 65 and is brought into rolling contact with the outer peripheral cam surface 35a of the swing cam 35 is attached between the elongated hole 56 and the shaft 58 of the swing arm 57 via the roller shaft 67, and swings. A tension spring 69 is stretched between the other end side centered on the shaft 58 of the arm 57 and the fixed arm 68 of the outer shaft 37, and the swing cam 35 constantly contacts the cam roller 66 by the spring 69 force. Swing action on the seedling planting nail 23 It is configured so as to perform.
[0013]
The left and right opening / closing plates 62 and 63 are rotatably supported by the claw receiving base 55 via the receiving cylinders 70 outside the claw shafts 60 and 61 and fixed to the left and right opening / closing plates 62 and 63 and the claw shafts 60 and 61, respectively. The left and right opening and closing plate 62 is engaged with and connected to a sliding cylinder 73 that is slidably fitted to the outer side of the connecting shaft 40. A cam driven member 75 having one end engaged with the circumferential cam groove 74 of the opening / closing cam 39 is fixed to the sliding cylinder 73, and a closing torsion coil spring is provided between the claw base 55 outside the receiving cylinder 70 and the right cam plate 72. 76 is provided to open and close the left and right claws 64 and 65 by the action of the opening and closing cam 39.
[0014]
Further, a T-shaped seedling extruding plate 77 is disposed between the tips of the left and right claws 64 and 65. The seedling extruding plate 77 is fixed to the tip of the seedling extruding rod 78 and fixed to the cylindrical shaft 54. The base end of the seedling extruding rod 78 is slidably supported, and a compression spring 81 is interposed between the fixed spring seat 80 of the rod 78 and the rod receiver 79, so that the seedlings that enter the seedling tray 22 when taking out the seedlings are removed. The spring 81 is compressed using the advancing input of the claw 23, and when the left and right claw bodies 64 and 65 are opened, the compression spring 81 force is used to facilitate the release of the seedling N held in the claw bodies 64 and 65. Yes.
[0015]
In addition, the left and right earthen rings 20 are arranged below the rear part of the seedling planting device 18, and the earthen ring 20 is adjustable to the bracket 82 connected to the chassis frame 17 side through an adjustment plate 83 and an adjustment bolt 84 so that the vertical position can be adjusted. The seedling N immediately after planting is covered and covered with a soil covering ring 20.
[0016]
A seedling platform 21 that is slidably supported in the left-right direction via a guide roller 85 and the like is disposed at the rear of the machine body with respect to the traveling direction, and the seedling tray 22 is held in a substantially vertical posture near the take-out position. The seedling planting claw 23 of the seedling planting device 18 to be placed in front of the seedling mounting table 21 is made to enter the pot of the seedling tray 22 substantially horizontally from the front side to take out the seedling N. As shown in FIGS. 9, 10, 17 to 20, when the left and right rotary cases 30, 31 make one rotation clockwise about the drive shaft 49 (solid arrow direction), 33 is rotated halfway counterclockwise (broken arrow direction) around the output shaft 34, and the parallelogram formed by the line a, the left rotation arm 32 and the two connecting arms 38 is deformed, Almost triangular planting base The axis 40 which is the swing center of the seedling planting claw 23 is moved up and down along the locus K, and the posture of the seedling planting claw 23 is upward (substantially horizontal) and downward by the swing cam 35 near the upper and lower portions of the locus K. (Almost vertical), by moving the tip of the seedling planting claw 23 up and down along the planting locus A, a series of planting operations from taking out the seedling from the seedling tray 22 to planting on the ridge surface M of the field This is performed with a single seedling planting claw 23.
[0017]
Further, the planting locus A protrudes backward and downward at the upper seedling extraction position and the lower seedling planting position, and has a moderate downward slope forward from the seedling extraction position to the middle of the seedling planting position. It is formed substantially vertically between the position and the seedling extraction position, and is inclined upward from the seedling placement position to the seedling extraction position, so that the seedling planting from the lower side of the seedling tray 22 to the substantially vertical seedling tray 22 With the nail 23 approaching, the seedling N is withdrawn backward without damaging the seedling with the nail 23, and the extracted seedling N smoothly moves without disturbing the seedling N above the seedling tray 22 by moving to the lower front side of the nail 23. In the vicinity of the planting of the seedling N, apart from the seedling tray 22, the planting of the seedling N with the seedling posture being substantially vertical is performed.
[0018]
In order for one seedling planting claw 23 to form one loop of the planting locus A, the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31 are rotated clockwise twice, and the left and right rotary arms 32 and 33 are rotated counterclockwise once, Two planting claws 23 are planted by two rotations of the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31 and one rotation of the left and right rotary arms 30 and 31 in the opposite direction. Is set to 0 ° and 180 ° of the planting locus A, and when the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31 are rotated 90 ° clockwise, the seedling planting claw 23 rotates counterclockwise on the locus A as shown in FIG. When the case 30 or 31 is rotated to 180 ° or 270 °, and the case 30 or 31 is rotated to 180 ° or 270 °, as shown in FIGS. Is 90 ° It changes to the position of 70 ° or 135 ° / 315 °, and when the case 30/31 is rotated once, it returns to the state shown in FIG. This completes the loop of A.
[0019]
Further, the planting locus A forms a curved portion A1 that is slightly bent backward in the vicinity of the farm scene, and the movement locus B in the vicinity of the reed surface M is set to a substantially vertical B1 state as shown in FIG. The planting hole of the surface M is made small so that the planting posture of the seedling N is good.
[0020]
By the way, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 13, the cleaning brush is positioned above the planting seedling N during the return stroke from the time when the seedling planting claw 23 on the planting locus A plants the seedling N to the original seedling extraction position. 86 is disposed in the seedling planting claw 23 for carrying out from seedling N extraction to planting, and the mud soil and the like adhering to the claw 23 when entering the soil is brushed during the return stroke in which the seedling planting claw 23 is opened. It effectively removes and prevents inconveniences such as adverse effects when removing seedlings. In addition to the brush 86, any scraper 87 such as a rubber plate or an elastic plate may be used.
[0021]
As is clear from the above, a seedling planting claw 23 for taking out the seedling N of the seedling mount 21 and planting it in the field was provided, and the planting basic locus K of the seedling planting claw 23 was formed in a substantially triangular shape. Therefore, a simple planting trajectory K having a substantially triangular shape can be easily formed by a claw drive mechanism 88 formed by a combination of the rotary cases 30 and 31 and the rotary arms 32 and 33, and a single seedling is planted. It is possible to easily perform a series of planting operations from taking out the seedling N to planting the seedling N with the nail 23, and planting the seedling from the lower side to the seedling N in the seedling tray 22 arranged substantially vertically. The nail | claw 23 is adjoined and it hold | maintains favorably without damaging the seedling N, and after holding | maintenance, it moves smoothly from the seedling tray 22, moving the seedling planting nail | claw 23 below, and the smooth seedling which does not disturb the upper seedling N N can be removed to improve the accuracy of seedling N removal. In addition, the planting locus A substantially forms the planting locus (dynamic locus B) in the vicinity of the farm scene during the traveling work by forming a curved portion A1 that curves from the front to the rear in the vicinity of the farm scene. In the vertical B1 state, the planting hole in the field can be made small to improve the seedling planting posture.
[0022]
23 to 25 show a configuration example in which a linear pusher 89 that forcibly pushes the seedling N when the left and right nail bodies 64 and 65 are opened, and the pusher 89 has the left and right nail bodies 64 and 65. And a base end of the pusher 89 via a shaft 93 at one end of a seedling push-out arm 92 that is supported on a fixed plate 90 of the cylindrical shaft 54 so as to be swingable via a pivot 91. Are connected to each other, and a seedling pushing cam 94 which forms a seedling pushing cam portion 94a on the outer peripheral surface is fixed to the sliding cylinder 73, and a cam action shaft 95 which is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the seedling pushing cam 94 is provided on the seedling pushing arm. 92, and a cam contact tension spring 96 is stretched between the claw base 55 and the seedling push-out arm 92 so that the action shaft 95 is always attached to the outer peripheral surface of the seedling push-out cam 94 by the spring 96. The nail body 64, 6 is brought into contact with the planting claw 23 in the vicinity of the lower moving planting position. The pusher 89 starts to be pushed by the cam portion 94a in accordance with the release timing of the seedling, and even if the seedling separation is worse than the seedling planting claws 23 due to the moisture of the seedling, the seedling N can be removed smoothly, while the seedling removal is performed. The pusher 89 is retracted and held at the upper moving take-out position of the claw 23 to prevent the pusher 89 from obstructing the seedling removal.
[0023]
As shown in FIGS. Reference example Used two first and second rotary cases 130 and 131 for the claw driving mechanism 88. Reference example The claw driving mechanism 88 includes a first rotary case 130 and a second rotary case 131 that drive the seedling planting claw 23, a swing cam 132 that swings the seedling planting claw 23, and a seedling. An opening / closing cam 135 that opens and closes the left and right claw bodies 133 and 134 of the planting claw 23 is provided, and the mounting plate 137 of the drive receiving shaft 136 is fixed to a fixed bracket or the like of the chassis frame 17 to output the planting clutch case 19. The planting input shaft 142 connected to the shaft 45 via the sprockets 46 and 47 and the chain 48 is supported by the receiving shaft 136, the sun gear 143 is fixed to the receiving shaft 136 in the first rotary case 130, and the planetary gear of the output shaft 144 is fixed. 145 is connected to the sun gear 143 via the idle gear 147 of the intermediate shaft 146 so that the planetary gear 145 and the idle gear 147 are connected to each other. The gear ratio between the sun gear 143 and these gears 145 and 147 is set to 3: 2, and the output shaft 144 is rotated 1/2 in the opposite direction when the first rotary case 130 makes one rotation in one direction. It is configured.
[0024]
In addition, the second rotary case 131 is disposed on the right side of the first rotary case 130, the center of the second rotary case 131 is fixed to the output shaft 144, and one end of the outer shaft 148 that rotatably supports the output shaft 144 is provided. The sun gear 149 is fixed to the outer shaft 148 with the other end of the outer shaft 148 facing the second rotary case 130 while being fixed to the first rotary case 130, and the planetary gear 151 of the output shaft 150 at both ends of the second rotary case 131. The sun gear 149 is connected to the intermediate shaft 152 via the idle gears 153 and 154. The outer shaft 148 and the intermediate shaft 152 are connected by the sun gear 149 and the idle gear 153 having a gear ratio of 2: 3, and the intermediate shaft 152 and the output shaft. 150 is connected by an idle gear 154 having a gear ratio of 1: 2 and a planetary gear 151, and an output shaft is connected to the outer shaft 148. 50 gear ratio 1: ligated with 3.
[0025]
In FIG. 28, the second rotary case 131 is rotated counterclockwise (broken line) around the output shaft 144 with respect to one rotation of the first rotary case 130 in the clockwise direction (solid arrow direction) about the input shaft 142. The output shaft 150 of the second rotary case 131 is kept stationary while rotating at 0 even during the rotational drive of 1/2 rotation in the direction of the arrow, and the output shaft 150 is shown in FIG. 36 by one rotation of the second rotary case 131. It is configured to cause the movement of the basic planting locus K having a substantially triangular shape as described above.
[0026]
Further, a base plate 155 is fixed to the distal end side of the output shaft 150 that protrudes to the right outer side of the second rotary case 131, and the middle of the claw arm 157 is swingably supported by the base plate 155 via the swing fulcrum shaft 156. At the same time, the left and right claw bodies 133 and 134 are supported by the left and right receiving cylinders 158 fixed to the inward bent plate portion 157a at one end of the claw arm 157 via the left and right claw rods 159 and 160 so as to be freely opened and closed.
[0027]
Further, an inner shaft 161 is rotatably inserted into the output shaft 150 of the second rotary case 131 so that the left end of the inner shaft 161 is fixed to the rotary case 131 and a swing cam 132 is provided at the right end of the inner shaft 161. The cam roller 163 attached to the shaft 162 on the other end side of the claw arm 157 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral cam surface 132a of the swing cam 132, and the operation of the swing cam 132 is interlocked with the rotation of the second rotary case 131. The seedling planting claw 23 is configured to perform an upward and downward swinging motion.
[0028]
As shown in FIGS. 31 to 33, the left and right claw rods 159 and 160 are fixed with left and right opening / closing plates 166 and 167 for engaging the concave cam 164 and the convex cam 165, and the position of the output shaft 150 of the second rotary case 131 is fixed. An open / close cam plate 168 is fixed to the right side of the cam plate 168, and an open / close cam 135 having an arc-shaped convex portion is integrally provided on the outer surface of the cam plate 168 with the inner shaft 161 as a center. A slider 170 attached to the tip of the bent portion 166a is brought into sliding contact with the open / close cam 135, and a closing torsion coil spring 171 is interposed between the claw arm bent plate 157a outside the receiving cylinder 158 and the right open / close plate 167. The left and right claw members 133 and 134 are opened and closed by the action of the opening and closing cam 135 in conjunction with the rotation of the second rotary case 131. The slider 170 is provided on an extension line of the swinging fulcrum shaft 156, and the contact point of the swinging fulcrum shaft 156 (swinging fulcrum shaft 156) and the slider 170 is aligned in side view, It is configured to perform accurate nail opening and closing without being affected by the swing of the seedling planting claw 23.
[0029]
Further, a torsion coil type swinging spring 172 for upward claw is interposed between the base plate 155 and the claw arm 157 so that the cam roller 163 is always in sliding contact with the cam surface 132a of the swing cam 132. It is composed.
[0030]
Further, as shown in FIG. 34, the left and right nail bodies 133 and 134 are bent inwardly, and a U-shaped seedling extrusion is performed between the left and right nail bodies 133 and 134 through a seedling extrusion rod 173. A plate 174 is disposed, and a base 175 of the rod 173 is slidably supported by a rod receiver 175 fixed to the bent plate portion 157a of the claw arm 157, and a fixed spring seat 176 of the rod 173 is provided. A compression spring 177 is interposed between the rod receivers 175 to compress the spring 81 using the advance input of the seedling picking claw 23 that enters the seedling tray 22 at the time of seedling picking, and when the left and right claws 133 and 134 are opened The extrusion plate 174 is pushed by the force of the compression spring 177 to facilitate the release of the seedlings N held on the claws 133 and 134.
[0031]
As shown in FIGS. 28 and 35, when the first rotary case 130 makes one rotation clockwise about the input shaft 142 (in the direction of the solid arrow), the second rotary case 131 is counterclockwise about the output shaft 144. The rotation of the output shaft 150 of the second rotary case 131 is stopped and maintained even when the first and second rotary cases 130 and 131 are rotating. During rotation of the case 131 around the center 144, the output shaft 150 is moved along a substantially triangular basic locus K as shown in FIG. 36, and the swing cam 132 integral with the case 131 and the output shaft 150 are connected and supported during this movement. With the relative change of the swinging roller 163, the seedling planting claw 23 is swung, and the seedling planting claw 23 is interlocked vertically with a substantially elliptical planting locus A, so that the seedling N is transferred from the seedling tray 22. A series of planting operations from taken out to inoculate field ridges plane M is performed in a single seedling planting claw 23.
[0032]
As a result, when the first rotary case 130 rotates twice in the clockwise direction and the second rotary case 131 rotates once in the counterclockwise direction, each seedling planting claw 23 forms one loop of the planting locus A, 180 degrees The seedling planting claws 23 are planted twice by the seedling planting claws 23 having different phases. As shown in FIGS. 33R> 3 and 35, the seedling planting claws 23 are moved during the movement along the locus A of the seedling planting claws 23. When the planting position 225 ° is moved to the lowest position or the position 255 ° immediately after planting, the slider 170 is brought into sliding contact with the opening start position b or the opening end position c of the opening / closing cam 135 so that the uppermost position of the seedling planting claw 23 is reached. At the position 330 ° immediately before the movement or the seedling collection position 0 ° of the uppermost movement, the closing start position d or the closing end position e of the opening / closing cam 135 is brought into sliding contact with the slider 170 and accurately synchronized with the planting locus A. Opening and closing the seedling planting nail 23 to remove the seedling N and It is intended to improve the urging accuracy.
[0033]
As is clear from the above, the seedling Nail 23 taken out from the seedling stand 21 and planted in the field is supported by the rotary cases 30 and 31 and the seedling Nail 23 is swung. cam 35 The rotary case 30 ・ 31 A shaft that is a fulcrum of the seedling planting claw 23 40 Is moved along a substantially triangular locus K and the axis of the fulcrum 40 The seedling planting claw 23 is swung around the center and the tip of the seedling planting claw 23 is moved along the seedling planting locus A. ・ 31 The necessary planting trajectory A is formed by the combination of the rotational movement of the seedlings and the swinging motion of the seedling planting nails 23, and a series of operations from seedling extraction to seedling planting can be easily performed with the single seedling planting nails 23. In addition, the required planting locus A can be freely formed, and the degree of freedom in forming the planting locus A can be improved.
[0034]
Also swing cam 35 Cam face 35a Cam roller in rolling contact with 66 Is provided on the seedling planting claw 23, thereby providing a cam roller for the seedling planting claw 23. 66 So the rotary case 30 ・ 31 The seedling planting claws 23 that are accurately synchronized with the rotation of the seedling can be swung so that the necessary planting locus A can be formed with high accuracy, and the cam surface 35a To cam roller 66 By providing springs 69 and 172 which are cam follow-up members that always make rolling contact, 31 Rotating head swing cam 35 The performance of the seedling planting claw 23 that swings accurately can be improved by performing a swinging operation of the seedling planting claw 23.
[0035]
Furthermore, the left and right nails of the seedling planting nails 23 64.65 Nail body synchronized with the movement on the planting locus A of the seedling planting claw 23 by disposing the opening / closing cam 39 for opening / closing the rotary case 30/31. 64.65 Can be easily opened and closed, and good seedling removal and seedling planting can be performed to improve planting accuracy.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a seedling planting claw 23 for taking out seedlings from the seedling tray 22 on the seedling mount 21 and planting them in the field. 30 ・ 31 And a swing cam 35 for swinging the seedling planting claw 23 with a rotary case. 30 ・ 31 A shaft that is a fulcrum portion of the seedling planting claw 23 is provided on a rotating member between the seedling planting claw 23 and the seedling planting claw 23. 40 Is moved along a substantially triangular locus K, and the axis that is the fulcrum portion 40 Since the seedling planting claw 23 is swung around the center and the tip of the seedling planting claw 23 is moved along the seedling planting locus A, the rotary case 30 ・ 31 By combining the rotational movement of the seedling and the swinging motion of the seedling planting claw 23, a necessary planting locus A is formed, and a series of operations from seedling extraction to seedling planting can be easily performed with a single seedling planting claw 23. In addition, the required planting locus A can be freely formed, and the degree of freedom in forming the planting locus A can be improved.
[0037]
Also swing cam 35 Cam face 35a Cam roller in rolling contact with 66 Is provided on the seedling planting claw 23, so that the cam roller provided for the seedling planting claw 23 66 By rotary case 30 ・ 31 The required planting locus A can be formed with high accuracy by causing the seedling planting claw 23 to swing precisely in synchronization with the rotation of the plant.
[0038]
In addition, the swing cam 35 Cam face 35a To cam roller 66 Cam follower that always makes rolling contact 69 The rotary case 30 ・ 31 Rotating head swing cam 35 The seedling planting claw 23 that swings accurately can be swung to improve performance in high-speed planting operations.
[0039]
In addition, the left and right nails of the seedling planting nails 23 64.65 Opening and closing cam 39 The rotary case 30 ・ 31 Nail body synchronized with the movement on the planting locus A of the seedling planting claw 23 64.65 Can be easily opened and closed, and good seedling removal and seedling planting can be performed to improve planting accuracy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view.
FIG. 2 is an overall plan view.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of driving of the transplanted part.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of a transplanted part.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory side view of the transplanted part.
FIG. 6 is a driving explanatory view of the seedling planting device.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory side view of a seedling planting apparatus.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory plan view of a seedling planting apparatus.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory side view of a seedling planting claw.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a rotary link unit.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory plan view of a rotary case part.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory side view of a swing cam portion.
FIG. 13 is a plan view of a seedling planting claw.
FIG. 14 is a plan view of a seedling planting claw.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a claw opening / closing part.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a cam plate portion.
FIG. 17 is an explanatory view of 0 ° and 180 ° positions of a seedling planting claw.
FIG. 18 is an explanatory view of 45 ° and 225 ° positions of a seedling planting claw.
FIG. 19 is an explanatory view of 90 ° and 270 ° positions of the seedling claw.
FIG. 20 is an explanatory view of 135 ° and 315 ° positions of a seedling planting claw.
FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of a movement locus of a seedling planting claw.
FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of a basic trajectory of a seedling planting nail.
FIG. 23 is an explanatory plan view of a forced seedling pusher unit.
FIG. 24 is an explanatory side view of a forced seedling pushing tool part.
FIG. 25 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the forced seedling pushing tool.
FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of driving of the transplanted part.
FIG. 27 is an explanatory side view of the transplanted part.
FIG. 28 is an explanatory side view of a rotary case part.
FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary case part.
FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram of driving of seedling planting nails.
FIG. 31 is an explanatory view of opening and closing of a seedling planting claw portion.
FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram of a swing cam portion.
FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram of an opening / closing cam part.
FIG. 34 is an explanatory diagram of a seedling extraction plate portion.
FIG. 35 is an explanatory view of opening and closing of a seedling extraction claw.
FIG. 36 is an explanatory diagram of a basic trajectory of a seedling extraction nail.
[Explanation of symbols]
21 Seedling stand
23 Nails with seedlings
30 Rotary case
35 Swing cam
35a Cam surface
39 Opening and closing cam
40 Connecting shaft (fulcrum)
64.65 nail body
66 Cam Roller
69 Spring (cam follower)
131 Rotary case
132 Swing cam
132a Cam surface
133 ・ 134 Nail
135 Opening and closing cam
161 Inner shaft (fulcrum)
163 Cam Roller
172 Spring (cam follower)

Claims

The seedling planting claw (23) that is taken out from the seedling tray (22) on the seedling tray (21) and planted in the field is supported by the rotary case ( 30, 31 ) and the seedling planting claw The swing cam ( 35 ) that swings the head (23) is provided on a rotating member between the rotary case ( 30. 31 ) and the seedling planting claw (23), and the seedling planting claw (23) The position of the axis ( 40 ) that is the fulcrum is moved along the locus (K) of a substantially triangular shape, and the seedling planting claw ( 23 ) is swung around the axis ( 40 ) that is the fulcrum. A vegetable transplanting machine, wherein the tip of the seedling planting nail (23) is moved along the seedling planting locus (A).

The vegetable transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that a cam roller ( 66 ) that is in rolling contact with the cam surface ( 35a ) of the swing cam ( 35 ) is provided on the seedling planting claw ( 23 ).

The vegetable transplantation according to claim 2, wherein the cam roller ( 66 ) is provided with a cam follow-up member ( 69 ) for constantly rolling the cam roller ( 66 ) on the cam surface ( 35a ) of the swing cam ( 35 ). Machine.

Deploying the left and right claws of seedling planting claw (23) of the cams (39) for opening and closing the (64-65), a member that rotates between the rotary case (30, 31) and the seedling planting claw (23) The vegetable transplanter according to claim 1, wherein the vegetable transplanter is used.