JP3821736B2 - Vegetable transplanter - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vegetable transplanter that takes out a vegetable seedling such as an onion, a leaf onion, and a white onion from a seedling tray and transplants the seedling into a field.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, the seedling picking nail and the seedling planting nail are used to transfer seedlings taken from one seedling tray of the seedling stand by one seedling picking nail to one seedling planting nail and plant one seedling. There is a vegetable transplanter, but in this inheritance method, not only the seedling picking nails and the seedling planting nails need to be driven, but also the structure needs to be synchronized, so the structure is extremely complicated and the seedlings are removed from the seedling picking nails. When the seedlings are transferred to the planting claws, the seedling posture is disturbed. In particular, the higher the planting speed is, the more the disturbance becomes remarkable, and the seedling planting accuracy is lowered.
[0003]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Accordingly, in the present invention, the seedlings N on the seedling tray 22 on the seedling stage 21 are taken out, and the seedling planting claws 23 to be planted in the field are provided, and the seedling stage 21 is placed behind the seedling planting nails 23 in the traveling direction. The connection shaft 40 that is a fulcrum portion of the seedling planting claw 23 is moved along a substantially triangular planting basic locus K , and the seedling planting claw is centered on the connection shaft 40 that is a fulcrum portion. 23 is swung, the tip of the seedling planting claw 23 is moved along the seedling planting locus A, and the seedling N is taken forward from the seedling mount 21 and conveyed downward to be planted in the field. In the walking-type vegetable transplanter, the seedling planting claw is compactly incorporated between the front engine unit and the rear seedling platform, and the planting taken out from the seedling tray can be easily planted directly. Take out the seedlings well without adversely affecting the seedlings above the seedlings. And it improves the reliability of the work easily and allowed to over's direct planting.
[0004]
The tuning, the nail driving mechanism for driving the seedling planting claw 23, so was equipped with a pawl cams 39 for opening and closing the seedling planting claw 23, the movement during movement of planting locus of claw seedling planting Thus, it is possible to easily open and close the claw, and to improve the removal and planting of the seedling by a claw opening and closing cam that is compactly incorporated into the claw driving mechanism.
[0005]
Furthermore, since by arranging the planting position soil covering wheel 20 immediately after the seedling planting claw 23, and seedlings rapidly performing soil cover is like a stable seedling planting position immediately after planting, improve the planting accuracy Is.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 is an overall side view of the transplanter, FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the transplanter, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of driving of the transplanter, FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of the transplanter, and 1 in FIG. The body 3 is a fixed frame that supports the body 1 on the front and rear slide frames 4 and 5 so as to be slidable left and right, 6 is a hydraulic slide cylinder that slides the body 1 via a slide arm 7, and 8 is driven from a mission case 9. Left and right rear wheels supported on the horizontal shaft 10 via a left and right transmission case 11 so as to be swingable up and down, and 12 are left and right front wheels supported on a front end side of the fixed frame 3 via an axle frame 13 so as to be swingable up and down. Is a hydraulic swing cylinder that vertically swings the front and rear wheels 12 and 8 via a swing shaft 15 on the rear end side of the fixed frame 3, and 16 is a seedling supply device that is installed behind the machine body 1 via a chassis frame 17. A seedling planting device 18 is installed between the left and right rear wheels 8 and connected to the mission case 9 via a planting clutch case 19, and 20 is a pair of left and right cover rings disposed below the seedling supply device 16. The pot seedling N for one strain is taken from the seedling tray 22 on the seedling mount 21 that reciprocates left and right of the seedling supply device 16 with the spatula-shaped seedling planting nail 23 and directly taken onto the surface M of the field. The pot seedlings N are transplanted to the heel surface M at regular intervals while the vehicle body 1 is traveling by operating the steering handle 24.
[0007]
Reference numeral 25 denotes an elevating lever for operating the swing cylinder 14 to move the airframe 1 up and down; 26, a main clutch lever; 26a, a planting clutch lever; 27, a main speed change lever for shifting the traveling speed; A slide adjustment lever 29 that adjusts the position in the left-right direction is a left-right side clutch lever that stops the drive of the left and right rear wheels 8 and turns the body 1.
[0008]
As shown in FIG. 5, the seedling planting claws 23 are used to take out and plant seedlings N by using two seedling planting claws 23 with respect to one seedling tray 22, and have a phase of 180 degrees on the same planting locus A. Is arranged so that seedlings and seedlings are planted twice in one planting locus A, and the seedling planting speed is increased by a factor of approximately two to perform high-speed planting operations. is doing.
[0009]
As shown in FIGS. 6 to 16, the seedling planting device 18 includes left and right rotary cases 30 and 31 and left and right rotary arms that are arranged at different positions in the front and rear and up and down directions on both left and right sides of the two seedling planting claws 23. 32 and 33, and the center of the left and right rotary arms 32 and 33 is connected to the output shaft 34 of the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31 at the inner position of the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31, respectively. Both ends of the left rotation arm 32 are connected and fixed to the two swing cams 35 disposed on each other via the connecting shaft 36, and the cylindrical opening and closing cam is connected to the outer shaft 37 loosely fitted on the outer periphery of the connecting shaft 36 via the connecting arm 38. 39 is integrally connected, and the base end of the swing arm 41 is integrally connected to both ends of the right rotating arm 33 via the connecting shaft 40, so that the center of the opening and closing cam 39 is rotatable. As shown in FIG. 10, the output shaft 34 of the right rotary case 31 is aligned with the center of the line a connecting the two camshafts 42, and the line a and the left The rotation arm 32 is arranged in parallel to form a parallelogram by the line a, the left rotation arm 32, and the two connection arms 38. When the output shaft 34 of the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31 is rotated, the two connection arms 38 The left and right rotating arms 32 and 33 are rotated while only the posture of the line a and the left rotating arm 32 is deformed (the parallelogram is deformed) with the tilted posture kept constant, as shown in FIG. A substantially triangular planting basic locus K is formed on the connecting shafts 40 at both ends of the right rotating arm 33 that supports the attached claw 23 so as to be swingable.
[0010]
Further, the rotary cases 30 and 31 are fixed to the fixing bracket 44 of the chassis frame 17 with the mounting plate 44 of the drive receiving shaft 43 and connected to the output shaft 45 of the planting clutch case 19 via sprockets 46 and 47 and a chain 48. The planting drive shaft 49 is supported by the receiving shaft 43, the sun gear 50 is fixed to the receiving shaft 43 in the left and right rotary cases 30, 31, and the planetary gear 51 of the output shaft 34 is connected to the planetary gear 51 via the idle gear 53 of the intermediate shaft 52. The sun gear 50 is connected, the planetary gear 51 and the idle gear 53 are formed with the same number of teeth, and the gear ratio between the sun gear 50 and these gears 51 and 53 is 3: 2, so that the rotary cases 30 and 31 rotate once in one direction. When it does, it is comprised so that the output shaft 34 may be rotated 1/2 in the reverse direction.
[0011]
Further, the base end of the claw receiving base 55 is fixed to the cylindrical shaft 54 that is rotatably attached to the connecting shaft 40 at both ends of the right rotating arm 33, and the neck is connected to the connecting shaft 36 at both ends of the left rotating arm 32 through the long hole 56. The shaft 58 on one end side of the swing arm 57 and the tip of the claw receiving base 55 are connected via a roller 59, and the seedling planting claw 23 is connected to the claw receiving base 55 via left and right claw shafts 60 and 61 and left and right opening / closing plates 62 and 63. A cam roller 66 that connects the left and right claws 64 and 65 and is brought into rolling contact with the outer peripheral cam surface 35a of the swing cam 35 is attached between the elongated hole 56 and the shaft 58 of the swing arm 57 via the roller shaft 67, and swings. A tension spring 69 is stretched between the other end side centered on the shaft 58 of the arm 57 and the fixed arm 68 of the outer shaft 37, and the swing cam 35 constantly contacts the cam roller 66 by the spring 69 force. Swing action on the seedling planting nail 23 It is configured so as to perform.
[0012]
The left and right opening / closing plates 62 and 63 are rotatably supported by the claw receiving base 55 via the receiving cylinders 70 outside the claw shafts 60 and 61 and fixed to the left and right opening / closing plates 62 and 63 and the claw shafts 60 and 61, respectively. The left and right opening and closing plate 62 is engaged with and connected to a sliding cylinder 73 that is slidably fitted to the outer side of the connecting shaft 40. A cam driven member 75 having one end engaged with the circumferential cam groove 74 of the opening / closing cam 39 is fixed to the sliding cylinder 73, and a closing torsion coil spring is provided between the claw base 55 outside the receiving cylinder 70 and the right cam plate 72. 76 is provided to open and close the left and right claws 64 and 65 by the action of the opening and closing cam 39.
[0013]
Further, a T-shaped seedling extruding plate 77 is disposed between the tips of the left and right claws 64 and 65. The seedling extruding plate 77 is fixed to the tip of the seedling extruding rod 78 and fixed to the cylindrical shaft 54. The base end of the seedling extruding rod 78 is slidably supported, and a compression spring 81 is interposed between the fixed spring seat 80 of the rod 78 and the rod receiver 79, so that the seedlings that enter the seedling tray 22 when taking out the seedlings are removed. The spring 81 is compressed by using the advance input of the nail 23, and when the left and right nail bodies 64 and 65 are opened, the spring 81 force promotes the release of the seedlings N held by the nail bodies 64 and 65.
[0014]
In addition, the left and right earthen rings 20 are arranged below the rear part of the seedling planting device 18, and the earthen ring 20 is adjustable to the bracket 82 connected to the chassis frame 17 side through an adjustment plate 83 and an adjustment bolt 84 so that the vertical position can be adjusted. The seedling N immediately after planting is covered and covered with a soil covering ring 20.
[0015]
A seedling platform 21 that is slidably supported in the left-right direction via a guide roller 85 and the like is disposed at the rear of the machine body with respect to the traveling direction, and the seedling tray 22 is held in a substantially vertical posture near the take-out position. The seedling planting claw 23 of the seedling planting device 18 to be placed in front of the seedling mounting table 21 is made to enter the pot of the seedling tray 22 substantially horizontally from the front side to take out the seedling N. As shown in FIGS. 9, 10, 17 to 20, when the left and right rotary cases 30, 31 make one rotation clockwise about the drive shaft 49 (solid arrow direction), 33 is rotated halfway counterclockwise (broken arrow direction) around the output shaft 34, and the parallelogram formed by the line a, the left rotation arm 32 and the two connecting arms 38 is deformed, Almost triangular planting base The shaft 40 that is the swing center of the seedling planting claw 23 is moved up and down along the locus K, and the posture of the seedling planting claw 23 is upward (substantially horizontal) and downward by the swing cam 35 near the upper and lower portions of the locus K. (Substantially vertical), the tip of the seedling planting claw 23 is moved up and down along a substantially elliptical planting locus A, and a series of processes from taking out the seedling from the seedling tray 22 to planting it on the ridge M of the field The planting operation is performed with a single seedling planting claw 23.
[0016]
Further, the planting locus A protrudes backward and downward at the upper seedling extraction position and the lower seedling planting position, and has a moderate downward slope forward from the seedling extraction position to the middle of the seedling planting position. It is formed substantially vertically between the position and the seedling extraction position, and is inclined upward from the seedling placement position to the seedling extraction position, so that the seedling planting from the lower side of the seedling tray 22 to the substantially vertical seedling tray 22 With the nail 23 approaching, the seedling N is extracted rearward without damaging the seedling with the nail 23, and the extracted seedling N moves smoothly to the lower side of the nail 23 without disturbing the seedling N above the seedling tray 22 In the vicinity of the planting of the seedling N, apart from the seedling tray 22, the planting of the seedling N with the seedling posture being substantially vertical is performed.
[0017]
In order for one seedling planting claw 23 to form one loop of the planting locus A, the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31 are rotated clockwise twice, and the left and right rotary arms 32 and 33 are rotated counterclockwise once, Two planting claws 23 are planted by two rotations of the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31 and one rotation of the left and right rotary arms 30 and 31 in the opposite direction. Is set to 0 ° and 180 ° of the planting locus A, and when the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31 are rotated 90 ° clockwise, the seedling planting claw 23 rotates counterclockwise on the locus A as shown in FIG. When the case 30 or 31 is rotated to 180 ° or 270 °, and the case 30 or 31 is rotated to 180 ° or 270 °, as shown in FIGS. Is 90 ° It changes to the position of 70 ° or 135 ° / 315 °, and when the case 30/31 is rotated once, it returns to the state shown in FIG. This completes the loop of A.
[0018]
Further, the planting locus A forms a curved portion A1 that is slightly bent backward in the vicinity of the farm scene, and the movement locus B in the vicinity of the reed surface M is set to a substantially vertical B1 state as shown in FIG. The planting hole of the surface M is made small so that the planting posture of the seedling N is good.
[0019]
By the way, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 13, the cleaning brush is positioned above the planting seedling N during the return stroke from the time when the seedling planting claw 23 on the planting locus A plants the seedling N to the original seedling extraction position. 86 is disposed in the seedling planting claw 23 for carrying out from seedling N extraction to planting, and the mud soil and the like adhering to the claw 23 when entering the soil is brushed during the return stroke in which the seedling planting claw 23 is opened. It effectively removes and prevents inconveniences such as adverse effects when removing seedlings. In addition to the brush 86, any scraper 87 such as a rubber plate or an elastic plate may be used.
[0020]
As is clear from the above, a seedling planting claw 23 for taking out the seedling N of the seedling mount 21 and planting it in the field is provided, and the connecting shaft 40 which is a fulcrum portion of the seedling planting claw 23 is provided with a substantially triangular trajectory. The necessary planting locus A is rotated by moving the seedling planting claw 23 around the connecting shaft 40 and moving the tip of the seedling planting claw 23 along the seedling planting locus A. It is easily formed by the claw drive mechanism 88 formed by the combination of the rotary cases 30 and 31 and the rotating arms 32 and 33 as members, and from the taking out of the seedling N to the planting of the seedling N with a single seedling planting claw 23 It is possible to easily enable a series of planting operations.
[0021]
Further, by arranging the seedling planting claw 23 in front of the seedling stage 21 and causing the seedling planting claw 23 to perform the seedling planting movement in front of the seedling stage 21, it is arranged, for example, in front of the body. Simplify the drive connection structure between the engine 2 and the claw driving mechanism 88 and simplify the structure by compactly incorporating the seedling planting claw 23 and the claw driving mechanism 88 into the surplus space in front of the seedling mounting base 21. Can do.
[0022]
Further, the seedling planting nail 23 is brought close to the seedling N of the seedling tray 22 arranged substantially vertically to hold the seedling N, and after holding, the seedling tray 23 is moved while the seedling planting nail 23 is moved downward. 22 so as not to damage the seedling N with the nail 23 when holding the seedling N with the seedling planting nail 23, and without disturbing the upper seedling N after holding the seedling. The seedling N can be smoothly taken out from the seedling tray 22 to improve the taking-out accuracy of the seedling N, and the planting locus A of the seedling planting claw 23 during the operation is from the front to the rear near the farm scene. By forming the curved portion A1 that is curved, the planting trajectory (movement trajectory B) in the vicinity of the farm scene during the running operation is set to a substantially vertical B1 state, the planting hole in the farm field is made smaller, and the seedling is planted. The posture can be made good.
[0023]
In addition, a seedling planting claw 23 for taking out the seedling N from the seedling tray 22 on the seedling platform 21 and planting it in the field is provided, and the seedling platform 21 is arranged behind the seedling planting claw 23 in the traveling direction. The connecting shaft 40 of the planting claw 23 is moved along a substantially triangular locus K, and the seedling planting claw 23 is swung around the coupling shaft 40 so that the tip of the seedling planting claw 23 is moved along the seedling planting locus A. It is moved, the seedling N is taken out forward from the seedling stage 21, transported downward, and planted in the field. For example, in a walk-type vegetable transplanter, the front engine 2 part and the rear seedling stage 21 Incorporate the seedling planting claws 23 in a compact manner to enable direct planting of the seedling N taken out from the seedling tray 21 and to adversely affect the seedling N above the taken out seedling N in the seedling tray 21 The seedlings N can be taken out well and smooth direct planting can be done easily. It is possible to improve the reliability of the work.
[0024]
Furthermore, the claw drive mechanism 88 that drives the seedling planting claw 23 is equipped with a claw opening / closing cam 39 that opens and closes the seedling planting claw 23, so that it can be accurately synchronized with the movement during the movement of the locus K of the seedling planting claw 23. It is possible to easily open and close the nail, and the nail opening and closing cam 39 incorporated in the nail driving mechanism 88 in a compact manner can improve the removal and planting of the seedling N.
[0025]
Furthermore, by placing the covering ring 20 immediately after the planting position of the seedling planting claw 23, the seedling N immediately after planting is immediately covered with soil to stabilize the seedling planting posture, etc. Can be improved.
[0026]
Further, a seedling planting claw 23 for taking out the seedling N from the seedling tray 22 on the seedling mount 21 and planting it in the field is provided, and rotary arms 30 and 31 are arranged on the left and right sides with the seedling planting claw 23 as the center. The seedling planting claws 23 are connected via 32 and 33, and the fulcrum part of the seedling planting nails is moved along the locus K having a substantially triangular shape, and the seedling planting nails are swung around the fulcrum part. By moving the tip of the seedling planting claw along the seedling planting locus A, a series of planting locus A from the seedling placement stand 21 to planting it on the field is transferred to the rotary cases 30 and 31 and the rotary arm 32. It can be easily formed by the planting claw drive mechanism 88 composed of 33 combinations to improve the efficiency of the planting operation and simplify the planting claw drive structure, and 180 on the same planting locus A. The two seedling planting claws 23 with different degrees of phase By was disposed between the scan 30, 31 may be capable of planting that the speed planting is a high speed by two seedling planting claw to vary the phase by 180 degrees easily.
[0027]
Further, the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31 are arranged at different positions in the front and rear and vertical directions, and the centers of the left and right rotary arms 32 and 33 are connected to the left and right rotary cases 30 and 31, respectively. By connecting the both ends of the arm to the connecting arm 38 in a parallel quadrilateral shape, the support portions (shafts 40) of the seedling planting claws 23 at both ends of the rotary arms 32 and 33 are substantially triangular when the rotary cases 30 and 31 are rotated. The required planting locus A can be easily formed by the rotary cases 30 and 31 that rotate and the connecting arm 38 that always maintains the position and orientation.
[0028]
In addition, by rotating the rotary arms 32 and 33 once in the opposite direction with respect to two rotations in one direction of the rotary cases 30 and 31, one trajectory movement is performed on one seedling planting claw 23, The planting locus A required by the combination of forward and reverse rotation of the rotary cases 30 and 31 and the rotary arms 32 and 33 is easily formed, and a series of operations from taking the seedling N out of the seedling stage 21 to planting it on the field The planting operation can be easily performed, and the seedling planting claws 23 are swingably attached to the tips of the rotary arms 32 and 33, so that the rotary cases 30 and 31 and the rotary arms 32 and 33 can be moved forward and backward. The planting locus A required by the combination of rotation and swinging of the seedling planting claw 23 can be accurately formed, and the reliability of the work can be improved.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention As is clear from the above examples are taken out seedlings N seedlings tray 22 on seedling mounting table 21, a planted seedling planting claw 23 provided in the field, to the traveling direction of the seedling planting claw 23 The seedling mounting base 21 is arranged at the rear, and the connecting shaft 40 that is a fulcrum portion of the seedling planting claw 23 is moved along a substantially triangular planting basic locus K , and the connecting shaft 40 that is a fulcrum portion is centered. The seedling planting claw 23 is swung, the tip of the seedling planting claw 23 is moved along the seedling planting locus A , the seedling N is taken forward from the seedling mount 21 and is transported downward and planted in the field. For example, in a walk-type vegetable transplanter, a seedling planting claw 23 is compactly assembled between the front engine 2 and the rear seedling platform 21, and a seedling tray 22 is provided. This makes it possible to easily plant the seedlings N taken out of the seedlings, and also above the seedlings N taken out of the seedling tray 22. In which easily and it is smooth direct planting satisfactory retrieval seedling N without adversely affecting the seedlings N can improve the reliability of the work.
[0030]
Further, since the claw drive mechanism 88 for driving the seedling planting claw 23 is equipped with a claw opening / closing cam 39 for opening and closing the seedling planting claw 23, the planting locus A of the seedling planting claw 23 is in motion. In addition, it is possible to easily open and close the nail in synchronization with the movement, and the nail opening and closing cam 39 that is compactly incorporated into the nail driving mechanism 88 can improve the removal and planting of the seedling N.
[0031]
Furthermore, since the covering ring 20 is arranged immediately after the planting position of the seedling planting claw 23, the seedling N immediately after planting is immediately covered with soil to stabilize the seedling planting posture and the like. The accuracy can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view.
FIG. 2 is an overall plan view.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of driving of the transplanted part.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of a transplanted part.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory side view of the transplanted part.
FIG. 6 is a driving explanatory view of the seedling planting device.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory side view of a seedling planting apparatus.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory plan view of a seedling planting apparatus.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory side view of a seedling planting claw.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a rotary link unit.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory plan view of a rotary case part.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory side view of a swing cam portion.
FIG. 13 is a plan view of a seedling planting claw.
FIG. 14 is a plan view of a seedling planting claw.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a claw opening / closing part.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a cam plate portion.
FIG. 17 is an explanatory view of 0 ° and 180 ° positions of a seedling planting claw.
FIG. 18 is an explanatory view of 45 ° and 225 ° positions of a seedling claw.
FIG. 19 is an explanatory view of 90 ° and 270 ° positions of the seedling claw.
FIG. 20 is an explanatory view of 135 ° and 315 ° positions of a seedling planting claw.
FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of a movement locus of a seedling planting claw.
FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of a basic trajectory of a seedling planting nail.
[Explanation of symbols]
20 Covering Ring 21 Seedling Stand 23 Seedling Claw 40 Connecting Shaft (Supporting Point)
88 Claw drive mechanism A Planting locus K Planting basic locus N Seedling

Claims (3)

A seedling planting claw 23 for taking out the seedling N of the seedling tray 22 on the seedling mounting table 21 and planting it in the field is provided, and the seedling mounting table 21 is arranged behind the seedling planting claw 23 in the traveling direction. the connecting shaft 40 is a fulcrum of the planting claw 23, is moved in the planting base locus K of a substantially triangular shape, around the connection shaft 40 is fulcrum, to swing the該苗planting claw 23 The vegetable transplanting machine is characterized in that the tip of the seedling planting claw 23 is moved along the seedling planting locus A, the seedling N is taken forward from the seedling mount 21 and is transported downward to be planted in the field. . A pawl drive mechanism for driving the seedling planting claw 23, vegetable transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that is equipped with a pawl cams 39 for opening and closing the seedling planting claw 23. Vegetable transplanter according to claim 1, characterized in that by placing the cover soil wheel 20 immediately after planting position of the seedling planting claw 23.

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