JP3566407B2 - Seedling transplanter - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a structure of a seedling transplanter for transplanting crop seedlings such as vegetable seedlings into a field.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Recently, a vegetable seedling has been efficiently grown using a seedling tray made of synthetic resin, and then transplanted to a field. That is, after putting seedlings into a pot portion formed and arranged in a matrix shape in a plan view in a seedling tray made of a synthetic resin thin plate, sowing vegetable seeds to grow them into seedlings of an appropriate size, and then growing the seedlings into an appropriate size, No. 48413, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-95718, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-71413, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. Hei 5-30816, and the like. A seedling is picked from each pot portion of the seedling tray and transplanted to a field by a seedling transplanting mechanism.
[0003]
That is, a seedling mounting table for transporting a seedling tray, a seedling picking mechanism for picking up seedlings from a pot portion of the seedling tray with a pair of picking claws, and receiving the seedlings from the seedling picking device and transplanting the seedlings to a field. And a seedling transplantation mechanism provided with an openable and closable transplantation cup for arranging the transplantation unit on a traveling machine body has been proposed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In these prior arts, when a plurality of transplanting units are arranged in parallel on the left and right sides with respect to the traveling body and seedlings are transplanted into a plurality of lines such as a double-row transplant, the power transmission mechanism for each transplant unit is independent. In addition, in the case of an apparatus provided with an independent drive motor or the like, there is a problem that it is difficult to change and adjust the arrangement interval of each of the left and right transplant units to adjust the interval between the plurality of transplants in the field.
[0005]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a seedling transplanter that can easily adjust the interval of transplanting a plurality of seedlings and can plant seedlings in a field in a parallel or staggered manner .
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a seedling transplanter according to the invention according to claim 1, wherein a seedling mounting table for transporting a seedling tray in which pot portions of seedlings are arranged in a matrix in plan view, and a pot portion of the seedling tray And a seedling transfer mechanism having an openable and closable transplanting cup for receiving seedlings from the seedling removal mechanism and transplanting the seedlings to a field. a plurality of transplant units, in order to sequence the parallel form in the lateral direction of the vehicle body, slidably mounted to each other with respect to one common input shaft which is arranged transverse shaft and parallel thereto, the common input Power is transmitted to each of the transplant units via a shaft, and a phase adjusting means is inserted into the common input shaft .
[0007]
【Example】
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0008]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a traveling body. The traveling body 1 includes a body frame 2 having a steering wheel 4 and a steering seat 5, and an engine (not shown) on a front upper surface of the body frame 2. The hood cover 3 includes a pair of left and right front wheels 6 and a rear wheel 7 that support a front portion and a rear portion of the body frame 2.
[0009]
Reference numeral 8 denotes a transplantation device disposed behind the traveling vehicle body 1, and the transplantation device 8 is mounted on the traveling vehicle body 1 via a pair of upper and lower lifting link mechanisms 9 so as to be vertically movable, and The vertical movement of the lifting arm 10 by a hydraulic cylinder provided at the rear part of the traveling vehicle body 1 causes the vehicle to move up and down.
[0010]
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the transplanting device 8 is made of a flexible soft synthetic resin material in which a large number of pot portions A1 for growing seedlings are formed in a matrix in plan view. Seedling tray 11 for placing seedling tray A, seedling picking mechanism 12 including picking nails 60 for picking pot seedlings from pot portion A1 of seedling tray A in seedling tray 11, and seedling picking mechanism 12 Arm 31 that swings up and down in order to plant the seedlings taken out by the seedling removal mechanism 12 by reciprocating between the field and the field, and a pot to be transplanted to the tip of the swinging arm 31 Two transplanting units 17, 17 each including a transplanting mechanism 13 including a transplanting cup 32 or the like for holding a seedling, are arranged in parallel on the left and right in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body 1. And it is configured to support the front wheels 14 and rear wheels 15 relative to the field.
[0011]
Each unit frame 17a is provided with a transmission case 20 as a power transmission unit for each of the seedling mounting table 11, the seedling removal mechanism 12, and the transplantation mechanism 13. On the unit frame 17a of each transplant unit 17, the seedling mounting table 11 is disposed at a position above the lifting link mechanism 9 so that the upper end thereof is inclined so as to approach the traveling vehicle body 1, and The mounting table 11 includes a support guide rod 11a for supporting the lower surface of the tray A so that the tray A slides downward, and a pressing guide rod for guiding the upper surface of the tray A so that the tray A slides downward. 11b, and an endless transport chain 11c wound between a pair of upper and lower chain sprockets 11d and 11e for intermittently transporting the tray A downward at intervals of the pitch of each pot A1.
[0012]
A guide member 16 for the tray A is disposed on the lower surface side of the seedling mounting table 11 in an inclined manner, and a lower end portion 16a of the guide member 16 is attached to a lower chain sprocket 11e of the seedling mounting table 11. The upper end 16 b of the guide member 16 is inclined so as to approach the traveling vehicle body 1 while being curved along the outer circumference of the vehicle.
[0013]
The seedling table 11 is moved laterally in the lateral direction of the traveling machine 1 via the lateral feed mechanism 21 at every left and right interval of the pot portion A1 in the seedling tray A, and laterally moved in the opposite direction at the end of the lateral movement. The lower chain sprocket 11e is intermittently driven by a vertical feed mechanism 22 provided on the seedling mounting table 11 so as to reciprocate right and left. In such a manner as to intermittently feed vertically one pitch at a time in the forward direction. That is, the pair of left and right transfer chains 11c, 11c are provided with laterally engaging pins 11f protruding at an appropriate pitch L2, and the left and right engagement pins 11f are arranged in the front and rear direction of transfer in the seedling tray A. The lower chain sprocket 11e shown in FIG. 6 is reliably transported vertically by engaging with the lower surface of the continuous portion of the portion A1.
[0014]
Next, referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, a seedling transplanting mechanism 13 having a swinging arm 31 that swings up and down and a transplanting cup 32 that holds a seedling to be transplanted at the tip of the swinging arm 31 will be described. The structure will be described. That is, the base sprocket 35 in the rotation case 34 is attached to the output shaft 33 protruding to one side of the transmission case 20, and the chain sprocket fitted on the rotation shaft 36 on the free end side of the rotation case 34. A chain 38 is wound around the chain 37 and the chain sprocket 35 to transmit power.
[0015]
A rotary case 40 is rotatably fitted on one outer surface of the free end side of the rotating case 34, and a sun gear 39 is fixedly provided concentrically with the rotation shaft 36 and meshes with the sun gear 39. The intermediate gear 41 and the planetary gear 42 meshing with the intermediate gear 41 are rotatably supported in the rotary case 40. A friction clutch 43 is provided between the chain sprocket 37 and the rotating shaft 36 so that the rotating shaft 36 slips during overload and power cannot be transmitted.
[0016]
A crank arm 45 is fixed to a support shaft 44 to which the planetary gear 42 is attached, and a tip shaft 46 of the crank arm 45 is rotatably mounted on a middle portion of the swing arm 31. A guide roller 47 at the base end of the swing arm 31 is vertically slidably fitted to a guide rail 48 erected at an appropriate position such as a unit frame so as to be substantially perpendicular to the ground. The transplanting cup 32 is composed of a pair of cup bodies 32a, 32b obtained by halving a substantially conical shape that is narrowed downward, and rotating support shafts 49a, 49b fixed to the upper ends of the cup bodies 32a, 32b, respectively. Is rotatably supported by a support plate 50 protruding from one side of the swing arm 31, and has an X-shaped side view link mechanism in which two link pieces are pivotally connected to each other with pins. The two pivoting shafts 49a, 49b are configured to rotate in mutually opposite directions via a link 51, and the link mechanism 51 is provided with a spring 52 in a direction in which the lower ends of the pair of cup bodies 32a, 32b are always closed. Being energized. The proximal end of the push rod 53 connected to the link mechanism 51 is supported to be able to move forward and backward with respect to the swing arm 31, and the proximal end of the push rod 53 is covered by the distal end shaft 46 of the crank arm 45. It is provided so as to be always in contact with the cam 54 that is fitted and rotates integrally.
[0017]
With this configuration, when the rotary case 40 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 4 via the chain sprockets 35 and 37 and the rotating shaft 36 by the rotation of the output shaft 33, the sun gear 39, the intermediate gear 41, and the planetary gear 42 are rotated. Due to the meshing rotation, the crank arm 45 rotates counterclockwise in FIG. 4, and the swing arm 31 connected to the crank arm 45 moves up and down along the guide rail 48 while swinging back and forth around the guide roller 47. Because of the movement, the transplanting cup 32 moves up and down along the locus 55 (only the upper part is shown) in FIG. 4 and moves from the lower end position of the seedling mounting table 11 to the field. In the transplanting cup 32, the lower ends of the pair of cup bodies 32a and 32b are closed at the upper position, so that the posture can be maintained even when a seedling (not shown) to be transplanted is inserted into the inside thereof. . On the other hand, when the transplanting cup 32 is lowered and the lower ends of the cup bodies 32a and 32b pierce the soil surface of the field, the pushing rod 53 is pushed out by the cam 54, and the two rotating support shafts 49a, Since the lower ends of the cup bodies 32a and 32b are opened by rotating the 49b in opposite directions, the seedlings inside can be transplanted to the field.
[0018]
Next, with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8, a configuration of the seedling removal mechanism 12 including the picking nails 60 and the like will be described. A support plate 68 is fixed to a bracket 67 fixed to the unit frame 17a so that the pair of left and right pick claws 60 in the seedling removal mechanism 12 are arranged above the transplanting cup 32 described above. An input shaft 71 to which power is transmitted from the transmission case 20 via the chain and the chain sprocket 63 is rotatably fitted on the inner periphery of the sun gear 70 fixed to 68. It is configured to be fixed to the rotary case 72 and rotate integrally.
[0019]
Inside the rotary case 72, an intermediate gear 73 meshing with the sun gear 70, and a planet gear 75 fixed to the crankshaft 74 and meshing with the intermediate gear 73 are provided, and a crank arm 76 attached to the crankshaft 74 is provided. A seedling picking arm 78 having a pair of left and right picking claws 60 mounted on one end is rotatably fitted to the camshaft 77 projecting from the tip. A guide shaft 79 projecting from the other end of the seedling take-out arm 78 is slidably fitted in a substantially arc-shaped guide groove 81 of a guide plate 80 fixed in parallel with the support plate 68, and the input shaft 79 is provided. With one rotation of the rotary case 72 about the axis 71, the pair of picking claws 60, 60 are inserted into the pot portion A1 of the seedling tray A as shown in FIG. Is configured to follow a trajectory 82 returning to.
[0020]
The base attachment pieces 83, 83 of the pair of left and right picking claws 60, 60 are fixed to L-shaped pivots 84, 84. Each pivot 84 is turned to the eyeglass-shaped attachment portion 78a of the seedling picking arm 78. A pair of left and right gripping claws 60 is movably mounted and biased in a direction in which the tip sides of the pair of left and right picking claws 60 are always closed by a spring 85 connecting the left and right mounting pieces 83.
[0021]
A cam plate 86 is fixed to the cam shaft 77, and arc-shaped end cam portions 87, 87 are provided on the wide front and back surfaces of the cam plate 86 in a section of a rotation angle along a circumferential direction. When the contact pieces 88, 88, such as spheres, protruding from the base attachment pieces 83, 83 of the pair of left and right pick claws 60, 60 so as to face each other, ride on the end face cam portions 87, 87 and come into contact with each other. The distal ends of the two tabs 60 are configured to open against the force of the spring 85.
[0022]
Further, a base plate of a pair of rod-shaped pushers 91, 91 is rotatably mounted on a mounting plate 90 rotatable around the pins 89 of the seedling take-out arm 78. The distal end annular portions 91a are slidably fitted to the chopstick-shaped picking claws 60, 60, and the both distal annular portions 91a are held by springs 93 mounted on the mounting plate 90 and the seedling picking arm 78. 60, 60 are urged to move toward the tip. A roller 92 attached to the mounting plate 90 is always in contact with the peripheral surface (peripheral cam portion) of the cam plate 86, and the roller 92 is placed in a recess 86 a in a predetermined rotation section of the cam plate 86. When it is located (when the pot seedling pierced and pinched by the picking claws 60, 60 is located above the transplanting cup 32), the pot seedling is pushed out by the tip annular portions 91 a of the both pushing tools 91, and picked. The pot seedlings are extracted from the claws 60, 60, and the seedlings are released into the transplanting cup 32.
[0023]
2, 9, and 10 show a power transmission mechanism for the left and right transplant units 17, 17. The front end boss 101 of the unit frame 17 a of each transplant unit 17 slides on the horizontal support shaft 100 of the link mechanism 9. It is configured so that it can be mounted and adjusted in the lateral direction (that is, it is possible to adjust the distance between the seedling transplanting strips by the two transplanting units 17, 17). Then, the rotational power of the PTO shaft 102 protruding from the rear part of the traveling body 1 is transmitted to the input shaft 104 of the laterally long spline shaft via the bevel gear in the bevel gear box 103, and the input shaft 104 is connected to each of the transplant units 17. Slidably penetrate the transmission case 20 and transmit the transmission to the gear transmission mechanism 105 in each transmission case 20.
[0024]
The transmission is transmitted from the gear transmission mechanism 105 to the shaft 107a of the gear transmission mechanism 107 via a transmission mechanism 106 such as a belt type, and is transmitted to the output shaft 108 from the gear transmission mechanism 107 to the seedling mounting table 11 and the seedling transplantation mechanism 12. By adjusting the transmission mechanism 106, even when the traveling speed of the traveling machine body 1 is changed to a high speed or a low speed, the seedling transplant interval (strain interval adjustment) in the direction along the traveling direction can be freely changed and adjusted.
[0025]
Further, the gear transmission mechanism 107 and the gear transmission mechanism 105 are interlocked and connected via a planting timing rod 109 and a one-turn clutch 110, and transmit power to the above-described transplant mechanism 13 via an output shaft 33. At this time, interlockingly with the operation of the picking claw 60 of the seedling removal mechanism 12 in one cycle, the transplanting cup 32 is intermittently driven so as to swing up and down only once between the position below the picking claw 60 and the field. It is controlled so that
[0026]
A reciprocating feed screw portion 115a is formed on a lateral feed shaft 115 protruding from the transmission case 114 for the seedling mounting table 11 as a seedling supply device, and a boat-type keyed feed block 116 screwed to the reciprocal feed screw portion 115a is provided. An engaging piece such as an engaging bolt projecting from the frame of the seedling mounting table 11 is connected to the seedling mounting table 11 to reciprocate left and right in the lateral width direction of the seedling tray A, while projecting from the transmission case 114. The vertical feed shaft 118 rotates intermittently at the horizontal feed end position of the seedling mounting table 11, and a pair of kick claws 119, 119 provided on the vertical feed shaft 118 at the horizontal feed distance are vertical. The driven cam 121 provided on the feed shaft 120 is kicked and rotated, and the vertical feed drive shaft 120 is rotated intermittently so that the pot portion A1 is intermittently vertically fed by a constant pitch L2.
[0027]
The timing of transplanting the seedlings depends on whether the seedling removal mechanism 12 and the transplanting mechanism 13 in the left and right transplanting units 17 and 17 are operated at the same time to plant the seedlings in parallel in the field, and the right transplanting unit 17. In order to switch to the so-called staggered planting where the seedling transplanting spot by the left transplanting unit 17 is shifted by half a pitch in the traveling direction of the traveling machine 1 with respect to the seedling transplanting spot, the switching between the left and right input shafts 104 The phase adjusting means 122 is inserted. The phase adjusting means changes the mounting phase of the flanges fixed to the ends of the input shafts 104 and 104, and then bolts the flanges again, and slides and rotates the flanges relatively. It may be in a form of being fixed after being made. In any case, a mark of the reference phase is attached to one of the input shafts 104 and the flange, and a positioning mark is attached to the other input shaft 104 and the flange to indicate the positions of the parallel planting and the staggered planting 180 ° out of phase. You should do it.
[0028]
With the above configuration, when the power is transmitted to the PTO shaft 102 and the seedling transplanting device 8 is operated while the traveling body 1 is moving forward, the seedling mounting table 11 as the seedling supply device moves rightward or leftward in the traveling direction. In synchronization with this movement, the pair of picking claws 60, 60 in the seedling removal mechanism 12 pinch and pull out the seedling from the pot portion A1 of the seedling tray A, and transplant the transplanting mechanism 30 at the upper end position of the locus 55 in FIG. The seedlings are released into the use cup 32. Next, the swing arm 31 is rotated so that the seedlings are planted in the field near the lower end of the downward movement of the transplanting cup 32.
[0029]
As the planting progresses, the empty tray A sent downward from the lower sprocket 11e of the seedling mounting table 11 is inverted at the lower end 16a of the guide member 16 from the front side of the seedling mounting table 11 to the back side. After being bent as described above, it is sent out toward the traveling vehicle body 1 in an obliquely upward direction, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2, so that the worker stays on the traveling vehicle body. Thus, the empty tray A can be collected.
[0030]
Note that the traveling vehicle body 1 is provided with a number of spare seedling platforms 19 on which the trays A with seedlings are placed and placed. Take out the tray A containing seedlings from one of the spare seedling platforms 19, supply the seedlings tray A to the seedling platform 11, and return the empty tray A to the spare seedling platform 19 again. It is.
[0031]
Then, in order to change the width of the right and left planting streaks perpendicular to the traveling direction of the traveling machine 1 to a narrow width, the mounting position of the front end boss 101 is shifted laterally with respect to the horizontal support shaft 100 shown in FIG. In this case, the input shaft 104 of the spline shaft as a common input shaft is disposed in parallel with the horizontal support shaft, and slidably penetrates the left and right transmission cases 20, 20. Therefore, power transmission from the position of the input shaft 104 is not disabled even after the horizontal spacing of the transplant units 17 is adjusted. Further, in FIG. 2, even if the bearing block 115b for the transverse feed shaft 115 and the like protrudes outside adjacent to the unit frame 17a of each transplant unit 17a, the transverse feed shaft 115 is shifted in the front-rear direction or the like. When the left and right spacing of the transplant units 17 is adjusted to be narrow, the left and right bearing blocks 115b can be prevented from interfering with each other.
[0032]
Although the above embodiment has been described with reference to a riding type seedling transplanter, it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to a walking type seedling transplanter.
[0033]
[Action and Effect of the Invention]
As described above, the seedling transplanter according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a seedling mounting table for transporting a seedling tray in which pot portions of seedlings are arranged in a matrix in plan view, and a pot portion of the seedling tray. And a seedling transfer mechanism having an openable and closable transplanting cup for receiving seedlings from the seedling removal mechanism and transplanting the seedlings to a field. a plurality of transplant units, in order to sequence the parallel form in the lateral direction of the vehicle body, slidably mounted to each other with respect to one common input shaft which is arranged transverse shaft and parallel thereto, the common input Power is transmitted to each of the transplant units via a shaft, and a phase adjusting means is inserted into the common input shaft .
[0034]
Therefore, the planting interval can be extremely easily changed and adjusted only by shifting the positions of the left and right transplant units relative to the horizontal support shaft and the common input shaft in the lateral direction of the traveling machine body.
[0035]
Then, power is transmitted to each of the transplant units via the one common input shaft, and a phase adjusting means is inserted into the common input shaft . Therefore, even when the transplant unit is displaced along the horizontal support shaft, each transplant unit moves along the common input shaft, so that it is not necessary to adjust the power transmission portion for each transplant unit, and Adjustment of the interval becomes easier.
[0036]
Moreover, since the common input shaft is provided with a phase adjusting means interposed therebetween, by changing the timing of transplanting the seedlings that are transmitted from the common input shaft to a plurality of transplanting units, parallel or staggered seedlings can be obtained. This has a remarkable effect that it is extremely easy to change to .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a riding type seedling transplanter.
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the seedling transplantation device.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a main part of the seedling mounting table.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a main part of the seedling transplantation mechanism.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part of the seedling transplantation mechanism.
FIG. 6 is a side view of a main part of the seedling removal mechanism.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a main part of a seedling removal mechanism.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a main part of the seedling removal mechanism.
FIG. 9 is a skeleton diagram of a power transmission mechanism to left and right transplant units.
FIG. 10 is a skeleton diagram of a power transmission mechanism in a transmission case.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 running machine 8 seedling transplanting device 9 elevating link mechanism 11 seedling mounting table 12 seedling extracting mechanism 13 seedling transplanting mechanism 17 transplanting unit 20 mission case 32 transplanting cup 60 picking nail 100 horizontal support shaft 102 PTO shaft 104 common input shaft 105 power transmission Mechanism 106 Transmission mechanism 107 Gear transmission mechanism 108 Output shaft 109 Planting timing rod 110 Single rotation clutch 122 Phase adjusting means 123 Output transmission shaft A Tray A1 Tray pot

Claims (1)

A seedling mounting table for transporting a seedling tray in which pot portions of seedlings are arranged in a matrix in plan view, a seedling picking mechanism for picking a seedling from a pot portion of the seedling tray with a pair of picking claws, and a seedling picking mechanism a plurality of transplant units configured after receiving seedlings and seedlings transplanted mechanism having a closing implant cup for implanting the seedlings in the field from, in order to sequence the parallel form in the lateral direction of the vehicle body, the lateral Slidably mounted on the support shaft and one common input shaft arranged in parallel with the support shaft ,
While being configured to transmit power to the transplant units via the common input shaft,
A seedling transplanter , wherein a phase adjusting means is interposed in the common input shaft .

Images