JP3883068B2 - Reef materials using thinned wood and fish reefs - Google Patents
Reef materials using thinned wood and fish reefs Download PDFInfo
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- JP3883068B2 JP3883068B2 JP2003377377A JP2003377377A JP3883068B2 JP 3883068 B2 JP3883068 B2 JP 3883068B2 JP 2003377377 A JP2003377377 A JP 2003377377A JP 2003377377 A JP2003377377 A JP 2003377377A JP 3883068 B2 JP3883068 B2 JP 3883068B2
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims description 139
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 20
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 130
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218691 Cupressaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001649012 Cypselea humifusa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HOMBCMTVOCZMMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N panal Natural products CC1CC(=O)C(C2C=C(CC(O)C12)C(=O)O)C(=C)C=O HOMBCMTVOCZMMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
Description
本発明は、間伐材とコンクリートとを組み合わせた魚礁用部材に関する。また、本発明は、間伐材とコンクリートとを組み合わせた魚礁用部材からなる魚礁に関する。 The present invention relates to a fish reef member combining thinned wood and concrete. Moreover, this invention relates to the fish reef which consists of the member for fish reef which combined the thinning material and concrete.
海底に沈設した構造物、例えば、石材、船、バス等に魚介類が集まる習性を利用した魚礁は、全国各地の沿岸漁場に設置されている。特に昭和51年度以降に魚礁の沈設による沿岸漁業の振興が国や地方自治体の公共事業として取り入れられたことで、コンクリートや鋼材を素材とした魚礁が数多く開発され、海底に沈設されるようになった。 Structures sunk on the sea floor, for example, fish reefs that use the habit of gathering seafood on stones, ships, buses, etc., are installed in coastal fishing grounds throughout the country. In particular, since the promotion of coastal fisheries by subsidizing fish reefs as a public project of the national and local governments since 1976, many reefs made of concrete and steel have been developed and submerged on the seabed. It was.
一方、全国各地で植林された山林では、立ち木の密度を疎にして優良な樹木の発育を助けるために間伐されるが、この間伐により間伐材は大量に産出される。しかし、この間伐材は規格が小さく建築材としての価値が低く、したがって、用途が制限され、その有効利用があらゆる分野で検討されている。 On the other hand, in forests planted all over the country, thinning is done to reduce the density of standing trees and help the growth of good trees, but this thinning produces a large amount of thinned wood. However, this thinned wood has a small standard and a low value as a building material. Therefore, its use is limited and its effective use is studied in all fields.
最近は、間伐材を魚礁に応用し、海中に沈設する事例が増えつつある。一般的に木材を海中に設置すると、木材表面等に棲みつく生物が魚介類の餌になり、魚介類が生息するようになる。ただし、木材は海中に設置すると、フナクイムシ等による食害を受け、短くて１年、長くて５年で消失してしまう。このように木材は海中においての耐久性が極めて低く、公共事業として行う場合の耐用（30年）を考えれば、あくまで魚礁機能を補助する部材としての使用に限定されている。 Recently, there are an increasing number of cases where thinned wood is applied to fish reefs and submerged in the sea. In general, when wood is installed in the sea, living creatures that live on the surface of the wood, etc., become food for fish and shellfish, and fish and shellfish inhabit. However, if wood is installed in the sea, it will be damaged by beetles, etc., and will disappear in as little as one year and as long as five years. In this way, wood has extremely low durability in the sea, and is limited to use as a member that assists the reef function to the last, considering durability (30 years) when it is carried out as a public project.
現在行われている間伐材を魚礁として利用する方法としては間伐材を井桁状等に組み合わせて海中に沈設する方法が行われている。他に、間伐材を人工魚礁に利用する方法としてはコンクリートまたは鉄鋼からなる基枠部の上に間伐材を井桁状等に組み合わせて捨石で固定した間伐材取替え式人工魚礁が公開されている。（例えば、特許文献１参照）。この方法では間伐材は短期間で消失してしまうので、消失したら引き揚げて新たに間伐材を組み合わせ再構築して沈設するようになっている。しかし、再び引き揚げて再構築するのはかえって難しく、新たに構築した方が簡単であるという欠点がある。また、間伐材もしくは金属部材を井桁状等に組み合わせて、その上に自然石を綱で連結して固定した人工魚礁が公開されている。（例えば、特許文献２参照）。しかし、この方法によっても間伐材は短期間で消失してしまい、消失した後は魚礁としての用を為さない。また、他の方法として有孔面材で形成した容器内に間伐材や貝殻等を充填した容器からなる人工魚礁が公開されている。（例えば、特許文献３参照）。この方法では間伐材は容器内に少量しか収納できず、しかも短期間で消失してしまうし、容器を製造するのに材料量を多く必要とするので重量も重くなりコストもかかる。 As a method for using the thinned wood as a fish reef, a method of combining the thinned wood into a cross girder or the like and setting it in the sea has been performed. In addition, as a method for using thinned wood for artificial fish reefs, thinned wood replaceable artificial fish reefs in which thinned wood is combined in a cross-beam shape on a base frame made of concrete or steel and fixed with rubble are disclosed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). In this method, the thinned wood disappears in a short period of time, so if it disappears, it will be lifted, newly thinned wood combined and reconstructed and set. However, it is difficult to pull it up again and rebuild it, and there is a drawback that it is easier to construct a new one. In addition, an artificial fish reef in which thinnings or metal members are combined in a cross-girder shape, etc., and natural stones are connected with ropes on the artificial fish reef is disclosed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2). However, even by this method, the thinned wood disappears in a short period of time, and after it disappears, it is not used as a fish reef. As another method, an artificial fish reef made of a container in which a thinned material, a shell, or the like is filled in a container formed of a porous surface material has been disclosed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 3). In this method, only a small amount of thinned wood can be stored in the container, and it disappears in a short period of time. In addition, a large amount of material is required to produce the container, which increases the weight and costs.
また、間伐材ではなく通常の原木を使用する方法であるが、基盤の上面に間隔をあけて原木を多数本起設させた基盤からなる人工魚礁が公開されている。（例えば、特許文献４参照）。この方法によっても原木は短期間で消失してしまい、原木が消失した後は一枚の基盤だけが残り、砂に埋没したりしてこれも魚礁としての用を為さない。
間伐材や原木を用いた従来の魚礁では、設置直後は海藻や生物が付着し魚礁としての効果は大きいが、フナクイムシ等による食害を受けて間伐材や原木が消失した後は、土台のみが残るだけであり、魚礁としての機能は期待できなくなり、結果的にコストが高くなっているのが現状である。
本発明は、間伐材が存在する期間は間伐材のもつ魚介類増殖効果を発揮し、間伐材が消失した後も魚類の生息空間を維持、あるいは新たに創出できるという耐用年数の高い魚礁を提供することを課題とする。
In conventional fish reefs using thinned timber and raw wood, seaweeds and organisms attach immediately after installation, and the effect as a fish reef is great. However, the function as a fish reef can no longer be expected, and as a result, the cost is high.
The present invention provides a fish reef with a long service life that exhibits the effects of seafood growth of thinned wood during the period in which thinned wood is present, and can maintain or newly create fish habitat even after the thinned wood has disappeared The task is to do.
本発明者らは、これらの問題点に鑑み、間伐材を利用した魚礁について、鋭意、探索を進め、間伐材とコンクリートからなる魚礁用コンクリートパネル、及びこのパネルを組み合わせてなる魚礁を完成するに至った。
すなわち、本発明は、特許請求の範囲に記載した下記の構成からなる発明である。
(1) 間伐材消失後に通水用貫通孔が生じるように、コンクリートパネルの上下の面を貫通して埋め込んだ複数本の間伐材を突設させて一体形成した魚礁用部材。
(2) (1) に記載の魚礁用部材を１以上と、枠状コンクリートパネルの棚部に複数本の間伐材を敷き詰め固定した魚礁用部材を１以上とを棚状に重ね合わせて連結し、両部材間に空間を形成させた魚礁。
(3) (2) に記載の魚礁をコンクリート製魚礁または鋼鉄製魚礁に連結した魚礁。
(4) (1) に記載の魚礁用部材を２枚以上組み合わせてなる魚礁。
The present inventors, in view of these problems, the reef using thinned wood, extensive, advanced search, reefs for concrete panel of thinnings and concrete, and to complete the reef comprising a combination of the panel It came.
That is, the present invention is an invention having the following configuration described in the claims.
(1) A fish reef member integrally formed by projecting a plurality of thinned timbers embedded through the upper and lower surfaces of a concrete panel so that through holes for water flow are formed after the disappearance of the thinned timber.
(2) One or more fish reef members as described in (1) and one or more fish reef members with a plurality of thinned timbers spread and fixed on the shelf of a frame-shaped concrete panel are stacked and connected. A fish reef with a space between the two members.
(3) A fish reef obtained by connecting the fish reef described in (2) to a concrete fish reef or a steel fish reef.
(4) A fish reef obtained by combining two or more fish reef members according to (1) .
本発明の魚礁用部材を利用した魚礁は、魚礁用部材を構成する間伐材が存在する期間は、間伐材の表面や間隙に、付着・潜入動物が繁殖し魚介類の餌になるため、魚介類に対する増殖効果を発揮し、魚介類の生息効果を発揮する。間伐材が消失した後も、コンクリートパネル間に棚状空間が維持され、岩礁性魚類の索餌場、あるいは隠れ家となり、幼仔魚の保育場となり、また微細な渦流を発生させるため、プランクトンの定位にも有効である。またコンクリートに埋め込まれた間伐材が消失した跡には貫通孔が形成され、餌生物の生息や幼仔魚の隠れ場として適当な空間になるとともに、棚状空間への通水性を確保することができる。また、広いコンクリート面には、多くの付着生物が着生し、魚類の格好な餌場となる。さらに集まった小型魚類を捕食する大型魚類の餌場ともなる。また、コンクリートパネルの裏側は付着性の卵塊を産卵するイカ類等の格好の産卵場所となり、魚礁を中心とした一つの生態系が形成される。 In the fish reef using the fish reef member of the present invention, during the period in which the thinning material constituting the fish reef member is present, the attached / infiltrating animals breed on the surface and gaps of the thinned material and serve as fish food. Demonstrate the effect of proliferation on fish and fish and fish. After thinning is lost, a shelf-like space is maintained between the concrete panels, and it becomes a reef fish feeding ground or a hideout, a larval fish nursery, and a fine eddy current. Also effective. In addition, through-holes are formed in the disappearance of thinned wood embedded in concrete, making it an appropriate space for habitat for prey and larvae, as well as ensuring water permeability to the shelf space. it can. In addition, many adhering organisms grow on the large concrete surface, making it an ideal feeding ground for fish. It also serves as a feeding ground for large fish that prey on small fish that have gathered. In addition, the back side of the concrete panel becomes a suitable spawning place for squids and the like that spawns sticky egg masses, forming a single ecosystem centered on fish reefs.
このように、本発明により、間伐材が存在する期間は間伐材のもつ魚介類増殖効果を発揮し、間伐材が消失した後も魚介類および餌生物の生息空間を維持、あるいは新たに創出できるという耐用年数の高い魚礁を提供することが可能となる。 Thus, according to the present invention, during the period in which the thinned wood is present, the fish and shellfish multiplication effect of the thinned wood is exhibited, and the habitat space for the seafood and prey can be maintained or newly created even after the thinned wood has disappeared. It is possible to provide a fish reef with a long service life.
本発明は、間伐材消失後に通水用貫通孔が生じるように、コンクリートパネルの上下の面を貫通して埋め込んだ複数本の間伐材を突設させて一体形成した魚礁用部材（以下、パネルＡという。）である。
また、本発明では、枠状コンクリートパネルに設けた棚部に複数本の間伐材を敷き詰め固定した魚礁用部材（以下、パネルＢという。）をパネルＡと連結して用いる。
さらにまた、本発明は、前記のパネルＡを１以上と、パネルＢを１以上とを複数枚棚状に重ね合わせて連結し、両部材間に魚類の生息に適した棚状空間を形成させた魚礁である。
さらにまた、前記のパネルＡおよび前記のパネルＢを組み合わせた魚礁を既存の魚礁に装着して、より大型の魚礁として効果を増強した魚礁である。
The present invention relates to a fish reef member integrally formed by projecting a plurality of thinned timbers embedded through the upper and lower surfaces of a concrete panel so that a through-hole for water flow is generated after the disappearance of the thinned timber. A.)
Moreover, in this invention , the member for fish reef (henceforth panel B) which spread and fixed the several thinning material on the shelf provided in the frame-shaped concrete panel is connected with the panel A, and is used.
Furthermore, in the present invention, one or more panels A and one or more panels B are overlapped and connected in a shelf shape to form a shelf-like space suitable for fish inhabiting between both members. It is a fish reef.
Furthermore, with a fish reef in which a combination of the above panels A and before Symbol panel B is mounted to the existing fish reef, a reef with enhanced effect as larger fish reef.
本発明の、間伐材消失後に通水用貫通孔が生じるようにコンクリートパネルの上下の面を貫通して埋め込んだ複数本の間伐材を突設させて一体形成した魚礁用部材（パネルＡ）の立面形状は平板状であるのが好ましく、コンクリートパネルの棚部に複数本の間伐材を敷き詰め固定した魚礁用部材（パネルＢ）の形状は間伐材を載置する棚部と桟を持った平板枠状が好ましい。両パネルの平面の形状は、四角形、三角形など任意の形でよいがパネルＡおよびパネルＢを複数枚棚状に重ね合わせて連結する場合には、両パネルは同じ大きさの平面形状にすることが好ましい。 The reef member (panel A) of the present invention integrally formed by projecting a plurality of thinned timbers embedded through the upper and lower surfaces of the concrete panel so that a through-hole for water flow is generated after the disappearance of the thinned timber The elevation shape is preferably a flat plate, and the shape of the reef member (panel B) in which a plurality of thinned timbers are spread and fixed on the shelf portion of the concrete panel has a shelf portion and a cross for placing the thinned material. A flat frame shape is preferred. The shape of the planes of both panels may be any shape such as a quadrangle or triangle, but when panels A and B are stacked and connected in a shelf shape, both panels should be of the same size. Is preferred.
魚礁用部材の大きさは矩形の場合、一辺が１ｍから１０ｍと任意に選びことができる。上記の範囲より小さいと魚礁としての用を為さないし、上記の範囲より大きいと、製造や運搬、沈設が難しくなる。
魚礁用部材の構造はコンクリート、鉄筋コンクリート、鉄筋鉄骨コンクリートのいずれであってもよい。コンクリートに使用するセメントは普通ポルトランドセメントあるいは高炉セメントであっても、他のセメントであっても使用可能である。
When the size of the fish reef member is rectangular, one side can be arbitrarily selected from 1 m to 10 m. If it is smaller than the above range, it will not be used as a fish reef, and if it is larger than the above range, it will be difficult to manufacture, transport and set.
The structure of the fish reef member may be concrete, reinforced concrete, or reinforced steel concrete. The cement used for the concrete can be ordinary Portland cement, blast furnace cement, or other cement.
本発明に用いる間伐材はスギ、ヒノキやその他どのような種類の間伐材であってもよい。通常の原木や廃材も使用することができる。パネルＡに用いる間伐材の大きさは直径１０〜３０ｃｍ、長さ２０〜５０ｃｍ以下が好ましく、パネルＢに用いる間伐材の大きさは直径１０〜３０ｃｍ、長さ１００〜５００ｃｍ程度が好ましいが、コンクリートパネルの大きさ、および流通する間伐材の規格に合わせて任意に選ぶことができ、不均一な規格である間伐材でも容易に施工することができる。 The thinned material used in the present invention may be cedar, cypress or any other type of thinned material. Normal raw wood and waste wood can also be used. The size of the thinned material used for the panel A is preferably 10 to 30 cm in diameter and 20 to 50 cm or less in length, and the size of the thinned material used for the panel B is preferably about 10 to 30 cm in diameter and about 100 to 500 cm in length. It can be selected arbitrarily according to the size of the panel and the standard of the thinned wood to be distributed, and even thinned wood with a non-uniform standard can be easily constructed.
以下、本発明に係る間伐材とコンクリートからなる魚礁用部材の実施形態について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a fish reef member made of thinned wood and concrete according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
本発明の間伐材とコンクリートからなる魚礁用部材は、前記したように、その形状から二種類の魚礁用部材からなる。
ひとつは鋼鉄製の型枠を用いてコンクリートパネルを形成する際に、間伐材消失後に通水用貫通孔が生じるように、間伐材を複数本コンクリートパネルの上下の面を貫通して埋め込んで一体形成した魚礁用部材（パネルＡ）である。他の魚礁用部材（パネルＢ）は鋼鉄製の型枠を用いてコンクリートの枠を形成し、このコンクリート枠のそれぞれの辺に設けた棚部に複数本の間伐材を敷き詰め、この敷き詰めた間伐材が流出しない様に等辺山形鋼等で係止した人工魚礁用部材（パネルＢ）である。
As described above, the fish reef member made of thinned wood and concrete of the present invention is composed of two types of fish reef members because of its shape.
First, when forming a concrete panel using a steel formwork, multiple thinned materials are embedded through the upper and lower surfaces of the concrete panel so that a through-hole for water flow will occur after the thinned material disappears. It is the formed fish reef member (panel A). The other fish reef members (panel B) form a concrete frame using a steel formwork, lay multiple thinnings on the shelves on each side of the concrete frame, and this thinned thinning This is an artificial reef member (panel B) locked with an equilateral angle steel so that the material does not flow out.
図１は本発明で用いる魚礁用部材の一例を上面からみた斜視図であり、図１ＡはパネルＡの一実施形態を、図１Ｂ−１はパネルＢの一実施形態を、図１Ｂ−２はパネルＢの他の実施形態を例示している。 FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of an example of a fish reef member used in the present invention. FIG. 1A shows an embodiment of panel A, FIG. 1B-1 shows an embodiment of panel B, and FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of panel B.
図２は本発明で用いる魚礁用部材の一例を下面からみた斜視図であり、図２ＡはパネルＡの一実施形態を、図２Ｂ−１はパネルＢの一実施形態を、図２Ｂ−２はパネルＢの他の実施形態を例示している。 FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example of a fish reef member used in the present invention as seen from below, FIG. 2A is an embodiment of panel A, FIG. 2B-1 is an embodiment of panel B, and FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of panel B.
魚礁用部材（パネルＡ）は鋼鉄製の型枠を用いてコンクリートパネル(2) を形成する際に、間伐材(1) を複数本コンクリートパネルの上下の面を貫通して埋め込んで一体形成する。図２Ａに見られように間伐材(1) がコンクリートパネル(2) の上下の面を貫通して埋め込むことが本発明の特徴の一つであり、この様に埋め込むことにより、魚礁を沈設後、間伐材消失前は、突出した間伐材の間隙が魚類の格好な生育場となり、間伐材が消失した跡には貫通孔が形成され、魚類の餌生物や幼仔魚の生息場として適度な空間になるとともに、棚状空間への通水性を確保する。また、貫通孔による下向きの水流が堆積した砂泥を掃きだす流れを発生させる効果もある。 The reef members (panel A) are formed integrally by embedding thinned wood (1) through the upper and lower surfaces of the concrete panel when forming the concrete panel (2) using the steel formwork. . As seen in FIG. 2A, it is one of the features of the present invention that the thinned wood (1) penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the concrete panel (2), and by embedding in this way, Before the thinning material disappears, the gap between the protruding thinning materials becomes a suitable habitat for fish, and through the disappearance of the thinning material, a through hole is formed, which is a suitable space for fish prey and larval fish habitat. And ensure water permeability to the shelf-like space. In addition, there is also an effect of generating a flow that sweeps sand mud accumulated by a downward water flow caused by the through hole.
他の魚礁用部材（パネルＢ）は鋼鉄製の型枠を用いてコンクリートの枠(2) を形成し、このコンクリート枠(2) のそれぞれの辺に設けた棚部(4) に複数本の間伐材(1) を敷き詰め、この敷き詰めた間伐材が流出しない様に等辺山形鋼(5) 等で係止した人工魚礁用部材である。図２Ｂ−１およびＢ−２に見られるようにコンクリートの棚部(4) が間伐材(1)
を支持し、魚礁を沈設後、間伐材が消失した跡は、魚類の隠れ家の遮蔽物となる。パネルＢは間伐材の並べ方の違いにより、図２Ｂ−１およびＢ−２に図示したように２種類が例示されるが、重ね合わせて魚礁とする際には交互に設置する方が魚礁を沈設後に複雑な渦流が発生し優れた蝟集効果を発揮するので好ましい。コンクリートパネルの四隅には柱部(3) を立設し、パネルＡおよびパネルＢを重ね合わせて魚礁とする際に支柱となり、両部材間に魚類の生息に適した空間を形成させる。また、柱部(3) にはシャフト孔(6) を穿設し、パネルＡおよびパネルＢを重ね合わせて魚礁とする際にシャフトにより連結する。
The other fish reef members (panel B) form a concrete frame (2) using a steel formwork, and a plurality of pieces are placed on the shelf (4) provided on each side of the concrete frame (2). It is an artificial reef member that is covered with thinned lumber (1) and locked with isosake angled steel (5) to prevent the thinned lumber that has been spread out from flowing out. As seen in Figures 2B-1 and B-2, the concrete shelf (4) is thinned wood (1)
After the reef is set up, the disappearance of the thinned wood becomes a shield for the fish hideout. There are two types of panel B, as shown in FIGS. 2B-1 and B-2, depending on the arrangement of thinned wood. This is preferable because a complex eddy current is generated later and exhibits an excellent collection effect. Pillars (3) are erected at the four corners of the concrete panel, and become a support when the panels A and B are overlapped to form a fish reef. A space suitable for fish habitat is formed between both members. Further, a shaft hole (6) is formed in the pillar portion (3), and when the panels A and B are overlapped to form a fish reef, they are connected by a shaft.
魚礁用部材パネルＡおよびパネルＢを複数枚棚状に重ね合わせて連結した一例を図３に示す。両部材を連結することにより、魚礁を沈設後、両部材間の空間が魚類の生息に適した隠れ家となる。両部材間の間隔は30ｃｍ程度が幼仔魚類の生育にとってもっとも好ましい。間伐材が消失した後、パネルＡは魚類の隠れ家の遮蔽物の用を為し、貫通孔が形成されているので、魚類の餌生物や幼仔魚の生育場所となるとともに、棚状空間への通水性を確保する。パネルＢはコンクリートによる棚状空間を維持する。両部材の重ね合わせの順序は任意であるが、パネルＡの間伐材は高さがあり中間部に設置すると空間が確保できないので最上部に設置することが好ましい。また、最上部に設置することにより、コンクリートパナルが魚類の隠れ家の遮蔽物として機能し、またパネルＢからの間伐材流出を防ぐことができる。この魚礁用部材パネルＡおよびパネルＢを複数枚棚状に重ね合わせて連結した本発明魚礁はこのままでも魚礁として使用できるが、底部にコンクリートを打設してコンクリート基盤を形成した魚礁とすることもできる。この方が安定性に優れ、また海底の砂泥に埋没しにくい。 FIG. 3 shows an example in which a plurality of fish reef member panels A and B are overlapped and connected in a shelf shape. By connecting both members, the space between the two members becomes a retreat suitable for fish inhabitants after the fish reef is sunk. The distance between the two members is most preferably about 30 cm for the growth of juvenile fish. After the thinned wood has disappeared, Panel A is used as a shield for fish hideouts, and through holes are formed. Ensure water permeability. Panel B maintains a shelf-like space made of concrete. The order of overlapping the two members is arbitrary, but the thinning material of panel A is high and it is preferable to install it at the uppermost part because a space cannot be secured if it is installed in the middle part. Moreover, by installing in the uppermost part, a concrete panal functions as a shield of a fish hideout, and it can prevent the thinning outflow from the panel B. The fish reef of the present invention in which a plurality of the reef member panels A and B are stacked and connected in a shelf shape can be used as the fish reef as it is, but it may be a fish reef in which concrete is placed on the bottom to form a concrete base. it can. This is more stable and less likely to be buried in sandy mud.
このように、魚礁用部材のパネルＡおよびパネルＢを複数枚棚状に重ね合わせて連結すると両部材間に魚類の生息に適した空間を形成させた本発明の魚礁となり、このままで魚礁として使用できるが、この魚礁をさらにＦＰ魚礁（海洋土木株式会社製）等の既存のコンクリート製魚礁(7) または鋼鉄製魚礁に連結させることも可能である。既存の魚礁と連結させることにより、空間の複雑さと高さの両方を兼ね備えた魚礁となり、集魚機能と増殖機能を強化させることができる。この一例を図４に示す。図４には本発明の魚礁用部材パネルＡの一類型を既存のコンクリート製魚礁(7) の本体下部に金具で取り付けた例も同時に示している。 In this way, when the panels A and B of the fish reef members are stacked and connected in a shelf shape, the fish reef of the present invention in which a space suitable for fish inhabit is formed between the two members is used as it is. However, it is also possible to connect this fish reef to an existing concrete reef (7) such as FP fish reef (manufactured by Marine Civil Engineering Co., Ltd.) or a steel reef. By connecting to an existing fish reef, it becomes a fish reef that has both the complexity and height of the space, and the fish collection function and the breeding function can be enhanced. An example of this is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 also shows an example in which a type of fish reef member panel A according to the present invention is attached to a lower part of a main body of an existing concrete fish reef (7) with a metal fitting.
本発明の魚礁用部材だけを２枚以上組み合わせても魚礁として利用することができる。この一例を図５に示す。図５では魚礁用部材パネルＡの一類型（パネルＣ）を４枚組み合わせた例を示しているが、組み合わせ数は任意に選ぶことができる。この方法によっても、魚礁を沈設後、魚礁用部材間の空間が魚類の生息に適した隠れ家となり、上部開口部が魚類の通路となる。間伐材が消失した後はパネルＣは魚類の隠れ家の遮蔽物としての用を為し、また貫通孔が形成されているので、魚類の隠れ家への通路となるとともに、空間への通水性を確保する。
魚礁用部材パネルＡおよびパネルＢの両方を組み合わせても本発明の魚礁とすることができる。
Even if only two or more fish reef members of the present invention are combined, they can be used as fish reefs. An example of this is shown in FIG. Although FIG. 5 shows an example in which four types of fish reef member panel A (panel C) are combined, the number of combinations can be arbitrarily selected. Also in this method, after the fish reef is laid, the space between the reef members becomes a retreat suitable for fish inhabit, and the upper opening becomes a fish passage. After the thinned wood has disappeared, Panel C is used as a shield for fish hideouts, and through holes are formed, providing a passage to the fish hideouts and ensuring water permeability to the space. To do.
Even a combination of both reef for part Zaipa panel A and panel B can be a reef of the present invention.
以下に実施例を示し、本発明についてより詳細に説明するが、これらは単に例示するのみであり、本発明はこれらによって何ら限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, these are merely illustrative, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
鋼鉄製の型枠（２７０×２７０×３０ｃｍ）を組み立て、構造上必要な鉄筋を配置し、直径１０〜２０ｃｍ、長さ３０〜５０ｃｍのスギの間伐材の断面を底部にして一定の間隔で配置し、レディーミクストコンクリートを間伐材の基部が埋まる様に打設する。シートかけおよび散水により養生した後、型枠を脱型し、本発明の人工魚礁用部材（パネルＡ）を得た。 Assemble the steel formwork (270 x 270 x 30 cm), place the rebars necessary for the structure, and place them at regular intervals with the cross section of the thinned cedar of 10-20 cm in diameter and 30-50 cm in length as the bottom Then, ready-mixed concrete is placed so that the base of the thinned wood is buried. After curing by sheeting and watering, the mold was removed from the mold to obtain the artificial fish reef member (panel A) of the present invention.
《参考例１》
鋼鉄製の型枠（２７０×２７０×３５ｃｍ）を組み立て、構造上必要な鉄筋を配置し、レディーミクストコンクリートを打設する。コンクリートをシートかけおよび散水により養生した後、型枠を脱型し、コンクリートが完全に硬化した後パネルを反転する。これに、直径１０〜２０ｃｍ、長さ２００ｃｍに切断したスギの間伐材を敷き詰め、この間伐材を等辺山形鋼で係止し、本発明に用いる人工魚礁用部材（パネルＢ）を得た。
<< Reference Example 1 >>
A steel formwork (270 × 270 × 35 cm) is assembled, rebars necessary for the structure are placed, and ready-mixed concrete is placed. After the concrete is cured by sheeting and watering, the mold is removed and the panel is inverted after the concrete is completely cured. The thinned wood of cedar cut to a diameter of 10 to 20 cm and a length of 200 cm was spread on this, and the thinned wood was locked with isosake angle steel, thereby obtaining an artificial reef member (panel B) used in the present invention .
実施例１で得られた魚礁用部材を上部に、参考例１で得られた魚礁用部材を中間部に、参考例１で得られた構造の異なる魚礁用部材を下部にして棚状に重ね合わせてシャフトで連結し、本発明の魚礁用部材間に空間を形成させた魚礁を得た。本魚礁の大きさはパネルＡの間伐材の高さを除いて２７０×２７０×１３４ｃｍであった。 The fish reef member obtained in Example 1 is placed in the upper part, the fish reef member obtained in Reference Example 1 is placed in the middle part, and the fish reef member having a different structure obtained in Reference Example 1 is placed in the lower part in a shelf shape. Together, they were connected by a shaft to obtain a fish reef in which a space was formed between the fish reef members of the present invention. The size of this fish reef was 270 × 270 × 134 cm, excluding the height of the thinned wood in panel A.
最下部の魚礁用部材の脚部が既存の魚礁（ＦＰ魚礁3.25型：海洋土木株式会社製）の上部に嵌合するようにした以外は実施例２で得られたものと同じ魚礁を、既存の魚礁（ＦＰ魚礁3.25型：海洋土木株式会社製）に載置し、本発明の魚礁を得た。本魚礁の大きさはパネルＡの間伐材の高さを除いて３２５×３２５×４４９ｃｍであった。 The same fish reef as that obtained in Example 2 except that the bottom of the fish reef member is fitted to the upper part of the existing fish reef (FP Fish Reef 3.25 Model: Marine Civil Engineering Co., Ltd.) The fish reef of the present invention was obtained by placing the fish reef (FP fish reef 3.25 type: manufactured by Marine Civil Engineering Co., Ltd.). The size of this fish reef was 325 × 325 × 449 cm, excluding the height of the thinned wood in panel A.
コンクリートパネルの平面形状が底辺１８３ｃｍ、高さが１３６ｃｍの三角形で、厚さが１５ｃｍである以外は実施例１と同様の三角形魚礁用部材（パネルＣ）を得た。この魚礁用部材４枚を立てかけて海底に沈設し、本発明の魚礁用部材だけで構成した魚礁とした。 A triangular fish reef member (panel C) similar to that of Example 1 was obtained except that the concrete panel had a triangular shape with a base of 183 cm and a height of 136 cm and a thickness of 15 cm. The four fish reef members were stood and laid on the sea floor to obtain a fish reef composed only of the fish reef members of the present invention.
１ 間伐材
２ コンクリートパネル
３ 柱部
４ 棚部
５ 等辺山形鋼
６ シャフト孔
７ ＦＰ魚礁
1 Thinned wood
2 Concrete panel
3 pillars
4 shelves
5 equal side angle steel
6 Shaft hole
7 FP fish reef
Claims (4)
A fish reef obtained by combining two or more fish reef members according to claim 1 .
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