JP3876807B2

JP3876807B2 - Linked oil water heater

Info

Publication number: JP3876807B2
Application number: JP2002284380A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 賢謙久保谷; 宏和桑原; 若山　　義洋; 康二橋本; 忠彦大塩
Original assignee: Noritz Corp
Current assignee: Noritz Corp
Priority date: 2002-09-27
Filing date: 2002-09-27
Publication date: 2007-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2022-09-27
Also published as: JP2004116960A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、液体化石燃料を燃焼させる複数台のオイル給湯器の各出湯路を連結し、これら複数台のオイル給湯器を制御対象として燃焼作動台数を給湯使用時の要求能力に応じて変更するという台数制御が適用される連結型オイル給湯装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、複数台の温水ボイラーの各出側を湯供給先への共通の給湯経路に接続する一方、各入側を上記湯供給先からの共通の戻り経路に接続してこれら複数台の温水ボイラーを連結し、上記湯供給先で要求される負荷の如何に応じて温水ボイラーの稼働台数を変更制御（台数制御）するものが知られている（例えば特許文献１参照）。
【０００３】
一方、ガス給湯器の分野でも、複数台のガス給湯器の各出湯側を上記と同様に湯供給先への共通の給湯経路に接続する一方、各入水側を上記湯供給先からの共通の戻り経路に接続してこれら複数台のガス給湯器を連結し、上記湯供給先での要求される熱負荷の如何に応じて燃焼作動させるガス給湯器の台数を変更制御（台数制御）するものも知られている（例えば特許文献２参照）。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特許第２７０４５４９号公報
【特許文献２】
特開２０００−２０５６５３号公報
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、複数台のガス給湯器を用いて連結型給湯装置を構成する場合には、ガス給湯器の燃焼手段がガス（例えば都市ガス）を燃料として燃焼させるものであるため、そのガス供給量の比例制御等により要求能力（要求燃焼量）に応じて小燃焼量領域から大燃焼量領域まで出湯能力を比較的容易に調整し得る。
【０００６】
しかしながら、複数台のオイル給湯器を用いて連結型オイル給湯装置を構成しこれら複数台のオイル給湯器を対象として給湯先での要求能力に応じて燃焼台数を変更切換えする台数制御を適用した場合には、そのオイル給湯器の特に燃焼手段に耐久性の低下を招くおそれが生じることになる。
【０００７】
すなわち、オイル給湯器は灯油等の液体化石燃料を燃料として燃焼させるものであるため、その燃焼手段としては燃料供給管により供給される灯油等を噴霧ノズルから噴霧させて燃焼させるバーナを備えて構成される。この場合、上記燃料供給管による燃料供給量を比例制御しても下限があり、その下限よりも小燃焼量領域では間欠的に燃焼させるオン・オフ燃焼制御が採られている。つまり、ある境界を挟んで大燃焼量領域では比例燃焼制御により、小燃焼量領域ではオン・オフ燃焼制御によりそれぞれ燃焼量（出湯号数）の変更調整が行われている。上記の如きオン・オフ燃焼制御は上記噴霧ノズルに灯油等を圧送するための供給ポンプを交互にオン・オフ切換作動させることにより行われる。
【０００８】
一方、台数制御においては全てのオイル給湯器が同時に均等に燃焼されるのではなく、給湯先の要求能力に応じて１台のみを燃焼させ、１台目の出湯能力では不足する場合には２台目を併せて燃焼させ、あるいは、それでも不足する場合には３台目と順に燃焼台数を増加させ、上記要求能力の低減に応じて逆に燃焼台数を順に減少させることが行われる。
【０００９】
このため、１台目は比例燃焼制御によりその出湯能力をほぼ最大に発揮させ、２台目は不足分を補うためにオン・オフ燃焼制御が行われたり、あるいは、１台目及び２台目はそれぞれ比例燃焼制御により各出湯能力をほぼ最大に発揮させ、３台目は不足分を補うためにオン・オフ燃焼制御が行われたりという燃焼状態が生じ得る。このような燃焼状態は、要求能力の増大過程においても、低減過程においても双方で生じ得る。従って、全てのオイル給湯器でオン・オフ燃焼制御が繰り返されると、上記の供給ポンプを含む燃焼手段に耐久性の低下を招くおそれが生じることになる。
【００１０】
その一方、オイル給湯器を用いる上では、小燃焼量領域での出湯能力の調整という機能を満足させるにはオン・オフ燃焼制御を採用せざるを得ないという事情もある。
【００１１】
本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、複数台のオイル給湯器を連結して台数制御を適用する場合に、台数制御による出湯能力の調整という機能を損なわずに特に燃焼手段の耐久性向上を図り得る連結型オイル給湯装置を提供することにある。
【００１２】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、請求項１に係る発明では、液体燃料の噴霧量を変更調整することにより燃焼量を変更し得る燃焼手段を備え出湯口が給湯先に続く共通の給湯経路にそれぞれ接続された複数台のオイル給湯器と、燃焼作動させるオイル給湯器の台数を上記給湯先の熱負荷に応じて変更するよう台数制御する台数制御手段とを備えた連結型オイル給湯装置を対象として次の特定事項を備えることとした。すなわち、上記複数台のオイル給湯器の各燃焼手段を制御対象として上記台数制御手段により燃焼作動される台数及び上記給湯先の熱負荷に対応する要求燃焼量に応じて燃焼制御する燃焼制御手段を備える。そして、上記燃焼制御手段として、複数台のオイル給湯器の内の１台目のみが燃焼作動される単独燃焼状態のとき上記要求燃焼量に応じて小燃焼量領域でのオン・オフ燃焼制御と大燃焼量領域での比例燃焼制御とに切換える一方、２台以上のオイル給湯器が同時に燃焼作動される連結燃焼状態のとき２台目以降のオイル給湯器ではオン・オフ燃焼制御を禁止して比例燃焼制御のみ行う構成とした。
【００１３】
この請求項１に係る発明の場合、オン・オフ燃焼制御が実行されるのは単独燃焼状態で燃焼される１台のオイル給湯器のみであり、２台目以降に同時燃焼される他のオイル給湯器ではオン・オフ燃焼制御が禁止されるため、オン・オフ燃焼制御を行うことに起因する燃焼手段の耐久性低下を最小限にすることが可能になる。このため、連結型オイル給湯装置を構成する２台目以降のオイル給湯器の燃焼手段の耐久性を向上し得ることになる。しかも、１台目に燃焼されるオイル給湯器ではオン・オフ燃焼制御が実行されるため、比例燃焼制御では実現し得ない小燃焼量領域での燃焼量調整が可能となり、出湯能力の調整という機能を損なうこともない。
【００１４】
請求項２に係る発明では、液体燃料の噴霧量を変更調整することにより燃焼量を変更し得る燃焼手段を備え出湯口が給湯先に続く共通の給湯経路にそれぞれ接続された複数台のオイル給湯器と、上記複数台のオイル給湯器の内のいずれか１台に対し最初に燃焼作動させるメイン給湯器としての役割を割り付け設定した上で、このメイン給湯器を含み燃焼作動させるオイル給湯器の台数を給湯先の熱負荷に応じて変更する台数制御を行う台数制御手段とを備えた連結型オイル給湯装置を対象として次の特定事項を備えることとした。すなわち、上記複数台のオイル給湯器の各燃焼手段を制御対象として上記台数制御手段により燃焼作動される台数及び上記給湯先の熱負荷に対応する要求燃焼量に応じて燃焼制御する燃焼制御手段を備えるようにする。そして、上記燃焼制御手段として、上記メイン給湯器に役割設定された１台のオイル給湯器については要求燃焼量に応じて小燃焼量領域でのオン・オフ燃焼制御と大燃焼量領域での比例燃焼制御とに切換える一方、上記メイン給湯器以外の他のオイル給湯器については比例燃焼制御のみ行う構成とした。
【００１５】
この請求項２に係る発明の場合、オン・オフ燃焼制御が実行されるのはメイン給湯器として割り付けられた１台のオイル給湯器のみであり、メイン給湯器以外の他のオイル給湯器ではオン・オフ燃焼制御は行われないため、オン・オフ燃焼制御を行うことに起因する燃焼手段の耐久性低下をメイン給湯器の１台だけと最小限にすることが可能になる。このため、連結型オイル給湯装置を構成する残りの台数のオイル給湯器の燃焼手段の耐久性を向上し得ることになる。しかも、最初に燃焼されるメイン給湯器として割り付けられるオイル給湯器ではオン・オフ燃焼制御が実行されるため、比例燃焼制御では実現し得ない小燃焼量領域での燃焼量調整が可能となり、出湯能力の調整という機能を損なうこともない。
【００１６】
上記請求項２の連結型オイル給湯装置においては、その台数制御手段として、メイン給湯器の役割を上記複数台のオイル給湯器に対しローテーションにより割り付け変更する構成を追加するようにしてもよい（請求項３）。この場合には、オン・オフ燃焼制御が実行されるメイン給湯器が特定のオイル給湯器のみではなくて他のオイル給湯器にも順に割り付け変更されることになるため、オン・オフ燃焼制御の実行に伴う耐久性低下を均等に分散することが可能になり、連結型オイル給湯装置全体の耐久性向上を図り得る。
【００１７】
さらに、上記請求項２又は請求項３の連結型オイル給湯装置における燃焼制御手段として、メイン給湯器に割り付けられた１台のオイル給湯器のみが燃焼される単独燃焼状態と、メイン給湯器に加えメイン給湯器以外の他のオイル給湯器も同時に燃焼される連結燃焼状態との間の相互移行の際に、上記メイン給湯器であるオイル給湯器の比例燃焼制御量を増減調整した上で上記他のオイル給湯器の比例燃焼を開始させることにより、上記相互移行の際の出湯能力を滑らかに増減させる構成を追加するようにしてもよい（請求項４）。この場合には、給湯先の要求能力の増減に応じて出湯能力を滑らかに増減変更し得ることになり、耐久性を向上させつつ連結型オイル給湯装置全体での出湯能力の調整機能をより好ましい状態で実現させ得ることになる。
【００１８】
【発明の効果】
以上、説明したように、請求項１の連結型オイル給湯装置によれば、オン・オフ燃焼制御を行うことに起因する燃焼手段の耐久性低下を単独燃焼状態におかれる１台だけと最小限にすることができ、連結型オイル給湯装置を構成する残りの台数のオイル給湯器の燃焼手段の耐久性向上を図ることができる。しかも、１台目に燃焼されるオイル給湯器でのオン・オフ燃焼制御の実行によって、比例燃焼制御では実現し得ない小燃焼量領域での燃焼量調整を実現することができ、出湯能力の調整という機能を損なうこともない。
【００１９】
請求項２〜請求項４のいずれかの連結型オイル給湯装置によれば、オン・オフ燃焼制御を行うことに起因する燃焼手段の耐久性低下をメイン給湯器の１台だけと最小限にすることができ、連結型オイル給湯装置を構成する残りのオイル給湯器の燃焼手段の耐久性向上を図ることができる。しかも、最初に燃焼されるメイン給湯器として割り付けられるオイル給湯器でのオン・オフ燃焼制御の実行によって、比例燃焼制御では実現し得ない小燃焼量領域での燃焼量調整を実現させることができ、出湯能力の調整という機能を損なうこともない。
【００２０】
特に請求項３によれば、オン・オフ燃焼制御が実行されるメイン給湯器が特定のオイル給湯器のみではなくて他のオイル給湯器にも順に割り付け変更されることになるため、オン・オフ燃焼制御の実行に伴う耐久性低下を均等に分散させることができ、連結型オイル給湯装置全体の耐久性向上を図ることができることになる。
【００２１】
さらに、請求項４によれば、給湯先の要求能力の増減に応じて単独燃焼状態と連結燃焼状態との間で相互移行させる際に、出湯能力を滑らかに増減変更させることができ、燃焼手段の耐久性を向上させつつも、連結型オイル給湯装置全体での出湯能力の調整機能をより好ましい状態で実現させることができる。
【００２２】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
【００２３】
図１に本発明の実施形態に係る連結型オイル給湯装置を示す。この連結型オイル給湯装置は複数台（図例では３台）のオイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃを連結したものであり、各オイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃは個別に内蔵された個別コントローラ２８ａ，２８ｂ，２８ｃを介してシステムコントローラ４によって制御されるようになっている。
【００２４】
上記連結型オイル給湯装置は、上流端が例えば水道管等の水道水供給源に接続され下流側がそれぞれ分岐されて各オイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃの入水口２２０に給水する給水経路５と、上流端が各オイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃの出湯口２３０に電磁式開閉弁６ａ，６ｂ，６ｃを介して接続され下流端が１又は２以上（同図には１つのみ図示）の給湯栓（給湯カラン）７に接続された給湯経路８とを備えている。上記開閉弁６ａ，６ｂ，６ｃはシステムコントローラ４により開閉制御され、開作動されることにより対応するオイル給湯器に対する給水経路５からの入水と、そのオイル給湯器から給湯経路８への出湯とが可能となる。また、上記給水経路５には上流側位置に逆流を防止するための逆止弁５１が介装されている。
【００２５】
上記各オイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃは灯油等の燃料を燃焼させて上記各入水口２２０からの入水を加熱し、加熱後の湯を上記各出湯口２３０に出湯させるようになっており、このような機能を有するものであれば後述の熱交換器２１を用いない他のタイプのものを用いることができる。これら各オイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃとして適用されるものの詳細を図２に示す例に基づいて次に説明する。
【００２６】
上記各オイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃは、燃焼缶体２０に配設された熱交換器２１と、上記給水経路５からの水を入水口２２０から上記熱交換器２１に入水させる入水管２２と、上記熱交換器２１で加熱された湯を出湯口２３０に出湯する出湯管２３と、上記熱交換器２１から出湯された湯に対し水を混合するためのバイパス管２４と、上記熱交換器２１を燃焼熱により加熱するバーナ２５と、このバーナ２５に燃料タンク２６からの燃料（灯油）を供給する燃料供給管２７とを備えている。
【００２７】
上記入水管２２には入水温度センサ２２１及び入水流量センサ２２２が設けられる一方、上記出湯管２３には上記バイパス管２４の下流端との合流位置よりも上流側位置に燃焼缶体２０で加熱された後の出湯温度を検出する出湯温度センサ２３１が設けられ、上記合流位置よりも下流側位置に水量サーボ弁２３２及び給湯温度センサ２３３が設けられている。また、上記バイパス管２４には出湯管２３からの出湯に対し入水管２２からの水を所定の混合比で混合するための湯水混合弁２４１が介装されている。
【００２８】
上記バーナ２５はその火炎を下向きに噴射するように配設され、例えばリターン式噴霧ノズル２５０を有するガンタイプバーナにより構成されている。このバーナ２５は、電磁開閉弁２５１及び電磁供給ポンプ２５２が介装された燃料供給管２７を通して供給された灯油を噴霧ノズル２５０から噴霧して燃焼させ、供給された一部の灯油をリターン管２５３を通して上記電磁開閉弁２５１と電磁供給ポンプ２５２との間の燃料供給管２７に対し戻すようになっている。上記リターン管２５３には、図３に詳細を示すようにリターン油の油温を検出する油温検出センサ２５４、リターン油の流量を比例制御する流量制御弁２５５、及び、リターン油をリターン側にのみ流す逆止弁２５６が介装されている。バーナ２５を含め以上の各構成要素２５１〜２５６によって燃焼手段が構成されている。
【００２９】
そして、このような燃焼手段についてのオン・オフ燃焼制御は、上記流量制御弁２５５を所定の一定開度に固定した状態で上記電磁供給ポンプ２５２を交互にオン・オフさせてオン燃焼とオフ燃焼とを繰り返すことにより行われる。また、比例燃焼制御は、上記流量制御弁２５５によるリターン油の流量を要求号数に応じて比例的に変更調整して上記バーナ２５からの噴霧量を上記要求号数に応じた値に変更調整することにより行われる。以上のオン・オフ燃焼制御により例えば１．６号〜６号までの小出湯能力領域（小燃焼量領域）における出力号数（燃焼量）の変更調整が可能となり、上記比例燃焼制御により例えば６号〜２５．５号までの大出湯能力範囲（大燃焼量領域）における出力号数（燃焼量）の変更調整が可能となっている。
【００３０】
上記各個別コントローラ２８ａ，２８ｂ，２８ｃは通信線を通してシステムコントローラ４と双方向通信可能に接続され、このシステムコントローラ４による台数制御等に基づく各種指令を受けて各オイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃの燃焼作動や燃焼停止等の制御を行うようになっている。なお、上記の双方向通信は有線ではなくて無線方式により行うようにしてもよい。
【００３１】
上記システムコントローラ４は、図４に示すようにメインリモコン４１が接続され、台数制御部（台数制御手段）４２及び燃焼制御部（燃焼制御手段）４３を備えている。なお、このシステムコントローラ４は各オイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃとは別に設けてもよいが、コンパクト化の観点よりいずれか１つのオイル給湯器（図１の例では２ｃ）に内蔵させるのが好ましい。以下の説明においては３台のオイル給湯器の内の符号２ａのものを第１オイル給湯器、２ｂのものを第２オイル給湯器、２ｃのものを第３オイル給湯器とし、同様に対応する個別コントローラ２８ａ，２８ｂ，２８ｃ及び開閉弁６ａ，６ｂ，６ｃにもそれぞれ第１〜第３を付して用いる。
【００３２】
上記台数制御部４２は、給湯栓７での給湯使用時の要求負荷（熱負荷）に応じて燃焼作動させるオイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃの台数を変更調整するものであり、いずれか１台をメイン給湯器（最初に着火・燃焼させる給湯器）Ｍ、１台を調整給湯器（補助的な調整のために最後に着火・燃焼させる給湯器）Ｒ、残りを目標給湯器（メイン給湯器では要求負荷を満たせないとき順次着火・燃焼させる給湯器）Ｔとして役割を割り付けるようになっている。加えて、このようなメイン給湯器Ｍ、目標給湯器Ｔ及び調整給湯器Ｒの３種の役割設定は所定期間（例えば２４時間）を１サイクルとして１サイクル毎に順次変更されるようにローテーション設定されており、最も燃焼頻度が高くなるメイン給湯器Ｍが全てのオイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃで順に変更されて均等に割り付けされるようにされている。
【００３３】
上記ローテーション設定を図５の例に基づいて説明する。なお、本実施形態では連結型オイル給湯装置が３台のオイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃにより構成されているため、１台がメイン給湯器に他の１台が調整給湯器Ｒに割り付けられると、目標給湯器Ｔとして割り付けられるのは残りの１台となる。サイクル１（最初の２４時間）では第１オイル給湯器２ａをメイン給湯器Ｍに、第２オイル給湯器２ｂを目標給湯器Ｔに、第３オイル給湯器２ｃを調整給湯器Ｒにそれぞれ割り付け設定し、サイクル２（次の２４時間）では第１オイル給湯器２ａを目標給湯器Ｔに、第２オイル給湯器２ｂを調整給湯器Ｒに、第３オイル給湯器２ｃをメイン給湯器Ｍにそれぞれ割り付け設定し、サイクル３（さらに次の２４時間）では第１オイル給湯器２ａを調整給湯器Ｒに、第２オイル給湯器２ｂをメイン給湯器Ｍに、第３オイル給湯器２ｃを目標給湯器Ｔにそれぞれ割り付け設定し、サイクル４では上記サイクル１の割り付け設定に戻り、以上のローテーション設定が繰り返される。
【００３４】
ここで、例えば上記のサイクル１のとき、給湯栓７からの給湯使用が行われていない待機状態では、メイン給湯Ｍ（第１オイル給湯器２ａ）の第１開閉弁６ａのみが常時開状態に、目標給湯器Ｔ及び調整給湯器Ｒの開閉弁６ｂ，６ｃが閉状態に維持される。つまり、給水経路５、給湯経路８及び給湯栓７はメイン給湯器Ｍ（第１オイル給湯器２ａ及び第１開閉弁６ａ）を介してのみ連通された状態に維持される。
【００３５】
そして、給湯栓７が開かれると、第１オイル給湯器２ａの入水管２２に入水口２２０を通して給水経路５から入水され、この入水流量が最低作動流量以上（入水流量センサ２２２による検出）になると第１オイル給湯器２ａのバーナ２５が燃焼作動され、熱交換器２１で加熱された所定温度の湯が出湯管２３，出湯口２３０及び開状態の開閉弁６ａを通して給湯経路８に出湯され、この給湯経路８を通して上記給湯栓７に給湯されることになる。上記給湯栓７からの要求がメイン給湯器Ｍである第１オイル給湯器２ａの最大設定出湯能力よりも大きくなれば、さらに第２開閉弁６ｂを開くことにより目標給湯器Ｔである第２オイル給湯器２ｂにも入水させて上記と同様に燃焼作動させ、２台のオイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂの合計最大設定出湯能力よりも大きくなれは、さらに加えて調整給湯器Ｒの第３開閉弁６ｃを開くことにより第３オイル給湯器２ｃを燃焼作動させる。逆に上記給湯栓７からの要求が小さくなれば、それに応じて上記とは逆の順序で燃焼停止させて燃焼させるオイル給湯器の台数を減らしていく。
【００３６】
以上のようなメイン給湯器Ｍ、目標給湯器Ｔ及び調整給湯器Ｒの３種類に役割設定された各オイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃに対する燃焼制御部４３による燃焼制御は次のように行われる。
【００３７】
すなわち、図６に示すように、オイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃの内、メイン給湯器Ｍとして割り付け設定されたものについては、小出湯能力範囲（図６では１．６号〜６号の出力号数範囲を例示）については前述のオン・オフ燃焼制御を行い、大出湯能力範囲（同様に６号〜２５．５号の出力号数範囲を例示）については前述の比例燃焼制御を行い、これら両燃焼制御を給湯栓７からの給湯使用時の要求能力（必要号数）に応じて切換えることにする。そして、メイン給湯器Ｍ以外の目標給湯器Ｔ及び調整給湯器Ｒとして割り付け設定されたものについては、オン・オフ燃焼制御を禁止して上記大出湯能力範囲での比例燃焼制御のみを行うこととする。つまり、オン・オフ燃焼制御はメイン給湯器Ｍでのみ行い、他の目標給湯器Ｔ及び調整給湯器Ｒでは行わないように制限するのである。なお、図６ではメイン給湯器Ｍを「Ｍ給湯器」と表示し、目標給湯器Ｔを「Ｔ給湯器」と表示し、調整給湯器Ｒを「Ｒ給湯器」と表示している（図７及び図８においても同じ）。
【００３８】
このような制限下で要求能力に応じて台数制御部４２によりメイン給湯器Ｍのみが燃焼作動された際、これに加えて目標給湯器Ｔをも燃焼作動させて燃焼台数を増加する際の上記燃焼制御部４３による燃焼制御を図７の例に基づいて説明する。
【００３９】
すなわち、メイン給湯器Ｍのみの単独燃焼状態では要求能力に対応する必要号数が１．６号から６号までの小出湯能力範囲であればオン・オフ燃焼制御（ＯＮ・ＯＦＦ燃焼制御）により必要号数に相当する出力号数で燃焼を行い、上記必要号数が６号よりも大きければ最大出力号数（２５．５号）よりも所定量小さい１８号までは比例燃焼制御により必要号数に相当する出力号数で燃焼を行う（図７において矢印を付した実線の折れ線参照）。これにより、必要号数が１．６号から６号までという小出湯能力範囲であっても、メイン給湯器Ｍによるオン・オフ燃焼制御によって対応することができ、給湯機能を損なうことなく、従って、使用勝手を損なうこともない。
【００４０】
必要号数が１８号よりも大きくなれば、メイン給湯器Ｍに加えて目標給湯器Ｔをも燃焼作動させて連結燃焼状態に移行させる。この際、出力号数が滑らかに増大移行するように、目標給湯器Ｔの比例燃焼制御における少なくとも最低制御量分だけメイン給湯器Ｍの比例燃焼制御における制御量を低減調整した上で、目標給湯器Ｔの比例燃焼制御を開始する。図７の例では低減調整量として８号分だけメイン給湯器Ｍの制御量を低減する一方、目標給湯器Ｔを８号の出力号数から比例燃焼制御を開始するようにしている（図７において矢印を付した一点鎖線参照）。メイン給湯器Ｍ及び目標給湯器Ｔの同時燃焼を開始させた後は、両者共に必要号数の増大に伴い両比例燃焼制御の制御量を増大させていく。これにより、メイン給湯器Ｍ及び目標給湯器Ｔの両比例燃焼制御の合計制御量（両出力号数の合計）が必要号数に合致するようにする。
【００４１】
さらに調整給湯器Ｒをも含めて３台を同時燃焼させる際にも、上記と同様に３台目の調整給湯器Ｒの比例燃焼制御における少なくとも最低制御量分に対応する低減調整量だけ、それまで比例燃焼制御していた１台もしくは２台の制御量を低減させた上で、３台目の比例燃焼制御を開始させる。以上により目標給湯器Ｔ及び調整給湯器Ｒをオン・オフ燃焼制御しなくても、メイン給湯器Ｍの１台目から目標給湯器Ｔとの同時燃焼になる２台目の燃焼開始時あるいはさらに調整給湯器Ｒの３台目の燃焼開始時において必要号数の増大に応じて出力号数を滑らかに増大させることができる。
【００４２】
逆に、必要号数の低減に伴い燃焼台数が減少される場合には逆に増大調整により滑らかに出力号数が低減されるようになっている。すなわち、図８の例に示すように、メイン給湯器Ｍ及び目標給湯器Ｔが同時に燃焼されている連結燃焼状態から必要号数の低減に伴いメイン給湯器Ｍのみの単独燃焼状態に移行する際には、まず、必要号数が２０号まで低減すると目標給湯器Ｔでは比例燃焼制御の制御量の低減度合をより大きくする一方（図８において矢印を付した一点鎖線の折れ線参照）、メイン給湯器Ｍの比例燃焼制御の制御量をほぼ一定に維持する（同図において矢印を付した実線の折れ線参照）。そして、必要号数が１６号まで低減した時点で、目標給湯器Ｔの燃焼を停止する一方、メイン給湯器Ｍの比例燃焼制御の制御量を１６号まで増大させて出力号数が１６号になるようにする。それ以後も必要号数が低減すれば、それに応じてメイン給湯器Ｍの比例燃焼制御の制御量を低減させ、必要号数が６号よりも低減すれば、メイン給湯器Ｍの燃焼制御をオン・オフ燃焼制御に切換えて必要号数に相当する出力号数になるようにする。
【００４３】
以上の如く必要号数の増大又は低減に伴う燃焼台数の増加又は減少に際し、その移行時の出力号数を滑らかにするために、図７及び図８の例では必要号数が１６〜１８号の範囲でヒステリシス領域（図８参照）を設けている。
【００４４】
以上説明したように、メイン給湯器Ｍに割り付け設定された１台のオイル給湯器以外の他の２台のオイル給湯器の各バーナ２５に対してはオン・オフ燃焼制御は実行されず、従って、各電磁供給ポンプ２５２がオン・オフ切換えを繰り返すこともない。このため、オン・オフ燃焼制御が実行されることに起因する電磁供給ポンプ２５２等の耐久性低下もなく、耐久性の向上を図ることができる。しかも、上記メイン給湯器Ｍはローテーション設定により順に他のオイル給湯器に変更割り付けされるため、メイン給湯器Ｍでのオン・オフ燃焼制御の実行に伴う耐久性低下を全台数のオイル給湯器２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃで均等に分散させることができる。
【００４５】
＜他の実施形態＞
なお、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その他種々の実施形態を包含するものである。すなわち、上記実施形態では３台のオイル給湯器を連結して連結型オイル給湯装置を構成した場合を示したが、台数は２台以上であればよく、例えば１０台、２０台あるいはそれ以上の台数のものを連結して本発明の連結型オイル給湯装置を構成するようにしてもよい。
【００４６】
また、上記実施形態では小燃焼量領域（小出湯能力領域）として１．６号から６号までの出力号数範囲を、大燃焼量領域（大出湯能力領域）として６号から２５．５号までの出力号数範囲をそれぞれ示したが、これらの号数自体は例示であり、両燃焼量範囲の境界は燃焼手段の仕様如何で定まる比例燃焼の最低限界によって定めればよい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施形態を示す模式図である。
【図２】実施形態を構成する各オイル給湯器の例を示す模式図である。
【図３】バーナを含む燃焼手段の拡大模式図である。
【図４】実施形態のシステムコントローラのブロック構成図である。
【図５】各サイクル毎のメイン、目標、調整のローテーション例を示す表である。
【図６】メイン（Ｍ）、目標（Ｔ）及び調整（Ｒ）の各給湯器での出力号数と燃焼制御との関係を示す図表である。
【図７】必要号数が増大する場合についてその必要号数に対する各給湯器の出力号数の変更調整法を示す図表である。
【図８】必要号数が低減する場合についてその必要号数に対する各給湯器の出力号数の変更調整法を示す図表である。
【符号の説明】
２ａ，２ｂ，２ｃオイル給湯器
７給湯栓（給湯先）
８給湯経路
２５バーナ（燃焼手段の一部）
４２台数制御部（台数制御手段）
４３燃焼制御部（燃焼制御手段）
２３０出湯口[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention connects the outlets of a plurality of oil water heaters that combust liquefied fossil fuel, and changes the number of combustion operations according to the required capacity when using the hot water supply, with these plurality of oil water heaters being controlled. The present invention relates to a connected oil hot water apparatus to which the unit control is applied.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, each outlet side of a plurality of hot water boilers is connected to a common hot water supply path to the hot water supply destination, while each inlet side is connected to a common return path from the hot water supply destination to connect the plurality of hot water boilers. And controlling the number of hot water boilers to be changed (number control) according to the load required at the hot water supply destination is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
On the other hand, in the field of gas water heaters, each hot water outlet side of a plurality of gas water heaters is connected to a common hot water supply path to a hot water supply destination in the same manner as described above, while each incoming water side is connected to a common hot water supply destination from the hot water supply destination. Connected to the return path to connect these multiple gas water heaters, and change and control (number control) the number of gas water heaters to be fired according to the required heat load at the hot water supply destination. Is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2704549
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2000-205653 A
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the case of configuring a connected hot water supply apparatus using a plurality of gas water heaters, the combustion means of the gas water heater burns gas (for example, city gas) as fuel. Depending on the required capacity (required combustion amount) by proportional control or the like, the tapping capacity can be adjusted relatively easily from the small combustion amount region to the large combustion amount region.
[0006]
However, when connected oil water heaters are configured using multiple oil water heaters, and unit control is applied to change the number of combustion units according to the required capacity at the hot water supply destination for these multiple oil water heaters In such a case, the durability of the oil water heater, particularly the combustion means, may be reduced.
[0007]
That is, since the oil water heater burns liquid fossil fuel such as kerosene as fuel, the combustion means includes a burner that sprays and burns kerosene supplied from a fuel supply pipe from a spray nozzle. Is done. In this case, even if the fuel supply amount through the fuel supply pipe is proportionally controlled, there is a lower limit, and on / off combustion control in which combustion is intermittently performed in a combustion amount region smaller than the lower limit is adopted. That is, change adjustment of the combustion amount (the number of hot water) is performed by proportional combustion control in a large combustion amount region and on / off combustion control in a small combustion amount region with a certain boundary in between. The on / off combustion control as described above is performed by alternately switching on / off a supply pump for pumping kerosene or the like to the spray nozzle.
[0008]
On the other hand, in the unit number control, not all oil water heaters are burned evenly at the same time, but only one unit is burnt according to the required capacity of the hot water supply destination, and the first hot water discharge capacity is insufficient. Combustion is also performed at the same time, or when the number is still insufficient, the number of combustion is increased in order from the third, and the number of combustion is decreased in order according to the reduction of the required capacity.
[0009]
For this reason, the first unit exhibits its hot water discharge capacity almost at its maximum by proportional combustion control, and the second unit performs on / off combustion control to compensate for the shortage, or the first and second units. Each of them can exert its hot-water discharge capacity almost at its maximum by proportional combustion control, and the third vehicle may be in a combustion state in which on / off combustion control is performed to compensate for the shortage. Such a combustion state can occur both in the required capacity increasing process and in the decreasing process. Therefore, if the on / off combustion control is repeated in all the oil water heaters, the combustion means including the supply pump may be deteriorated in durability.
[0010]
On the other hand, when using an oil water heater, there is a situation in which on-off combustion control must be employed to satisfy the function of adjusting the hot water discharge capacity in the small combustion amount region.
[0011]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to adjust the hot water discharge capacity by the number control when a plurality of oil water heaters are connected and the number control is applied. An object of the present invention is to provide a connected oil hot water supply device capable of improving the durability of the combustion means without impairing the function.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided combustion means capable of changing the combustion amount by changing and adjusting the spray amount of the liquid fuel, and the hot water outlet is connected to a common hot water supply path following the hot water supply destination. For a connected oil water heater having a plurality of connected oil water heaters and a unit control means for controlling the number of oil water heaters to be operated in accordance with the heat load of the hot water supply destination. The following specific matters were prepared. That is, a combustion control means for controlling combustion according to the number of combustion units operated by the number control means and the required combustion amount corresponding to the heat load of the hot water supply destination, with each combustion means of the plurality of oil water heaters being controlled. Prepare. And, as the combustion control means, in the single combustion state where only the first of the plurality of oil water heaters is in a combustion operation, on / off combustion control in a small combustion amount region according to the required combustion amount, While switching to proportional combustion control in the large combustion amount region, on-off combustion control is prohibited for the second and subsequent oil water heaters in the connected combustion state where two or more oil water heaters are operated simultaneously. Only proportional combustion control is performed.
[0013]
In the first aspect of the invention, the on / off combustion control is executed only for one oil water heater that is burned in a single combustion state, and other oils that are burned simultaneously after the second one. Since the on / off combustion control is prohibited in the water heater, it is possible to minimize the deterioration of the durability of the combustion means due to the on / off combustion control. For this reason, the durability of the combustion means of the second and subsequent oil water heaters constituting the coupled oil hot water apparatus can be improved. Moreover, since the on-off combustion control is executed in the oil water heater burned at the first unit, it is possible to adjust the combustion amount in a small combustion amount region that cannot be realized by the proportional combustion control, and the adjustment of the hot water supply capacity There is no loss of functionality.
[0014]
In the invention according to claim 2, a plurality of oil hot water supply units having combustion means capable of changing the combustion amount by changing and adjusting the spray amount of the liquid fuel, the hot water outlets being respectively connected to a common hot water supply path following the hot water supply destination And assigning and setting a role as a main water heater that performs combustion operation first to any one of the above-described plurality of oil water heaters, and then includes an oil water heater that includes this main water heater and is operated to burn The following specific items are provided for a coupled oil hot water supply device including a number control means for performing number control for changing the number according to the heat load of the hot water supply destination. That is, a combustion control means for controlling combustion according to the number of combustion units operated by the number control means and the required combustion amount corresponding to the heat load of the hot water supply destination, with each combustion means of the plurality of oil water heaters being controlled. Be prepared. As for the combustion control means, with respect to one oil water heater whose role is set to the main water heater, on / off combustion control in the small combustion amount region and proportionality in the large combustion amount region according to the required combustion amount While switching to combustion control, the oil water heater other than the main water heater is configured to perform only proportional combustion control.
[0015]
In the second aspect of the invention, the on / off combustion control is executed only for one oil water heater assigned as the main water heater, and is turned on for other oil water heaters other than the main water heater. -Since the off-combustion control is not performed, it is possible to minimize the deterioration of the durability of the combustion means due to the on-off combustion control with only one main water heater. For this reason, it is possible to improve the durability of the combustion means of the remaining number of oil water heaters constituting the coupled oil water heater. In addition, the oil water heater assigned as the main water heater that is burned first performs on / off combustion control, so that it is possible to adjust the combustion amount in a small combustion amount region that cannot be realized by proportional combustion control, and There is no loss of ability adjustment.
[0016]
In the coupled oil hot water supply apparatus according to the second aspect, as the number control means, a configuration may be added in which the role of the main water heater is assigned and changed by rotation with respect to the plurality of oil water heaters. Item 3). In this case, since the main water heater in which the on / off combustion control is executed is not only assigned to the specific oil water heater but also to other oil water heaters in order, the on / off combustion control is performed. It becomes possible to evenly distribute the deterioration in durability that accompanies the execution, and it is possible to improve the durability of the entire connected oil hot water supply device.
[0017]
Further, as a combustion control means in the coupled oil hot water supply device according to claim 2 or claim 3, in addition to a single combustion state in which only one oil water heater assigned to the main water heater is burned, and the main water heater. When other oil water heaters other than the main water heater are also commutated simultaneously with the connected combustion state, the proportional combustion control amount of the oil water heater that is the main water heater is adjusted to increase / decrease and the other A configuration may be added in which the hot water discharge capacity at the time of mutual transition is smoothly increased or decreased by starting proportional combustion of the oil water heater. In this case, the hot water discharge capacity can be increased or decreased smoothly according to the increase or decrease of the required capacity of the hot water supply destination, and the adjustment function of the hot water discharge capacity in the whole connected oil hot water apparatus is more preferable while improving the durability. It can be realized in the state.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the coupled oil hot water supply apparatus of the first aspect, the deterioration of the durability of the combustion means due to the on / off combustion control is minimized to only one unit in the single combustion state. Thus, it is possible to improve the durability of the combustion means of the remaining number of oil water heaters constituting the coupled oil water heater. In addition, by performing on / off combustion control in the oil water heater that is burned in the first unit, it is possible to achieve combustion amount adjustment in a small combustion amount region that cannot be achieved by proportional combustion control, The function of adjustment is not impaired.
[0019]
According to the coupled oil hot water supply device of any one of claims 2 to 4, the deterioration of the durability of the combustion means due to the on / off combustion control is minimized to only one main water heater. Therefore, it is possible to improve the durability of the combustion means of the remaining oil water heaters constituting the coupled oil hot water apparatus. In addition, by performing on / off combustion control with an oil water heater assigned as the main water heater that is burned first, it is possible to achieve combustion amount adjustment in a small combustion amount region that cannot be achieved with proportional combustion control. The function of adjusting the hot spring capacity is not impaired.
[0020]
In particular, according to the third aspect, the main water heater in which the on / off combustion control is executed is assigned not only to the specific oil water heater but also to other oil water heaters in order, so the on / off state is changed. It is possible to evenly disperse the durability reduction associated with the execution of the combustion control, and it is possible to improve the durability of the entire connected oil hot water supply device.
[0021]
Further, according to the fourth aspect, the hot water discharge capacity can be smoothly increased or decreased when the transition is made between the single combustion state and the connected combustion state in accordance with the increase or decrease of the required capacity of the hot water supply destination, and the combustion means While improving the durability, the function of adjusting the hot water discharge capacity in the entire connected oil hot water supply apparatus can be realized in a more preferable state.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0023]
FIG. 1 shows a coupled oil hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. This connected oil hot water supply device is a combination of a plurality of (three in the illustrated example) oil water heaters 2a, 2b, 2c, and each oil water heater 2a, 2b, 2c is individually incorporated in an individual controller 28a. , 28b, 28c, and is controlled by the system controller 4.
[0024]
The connected oil hot water supply apparatus has an upstream end connected to a tap water supply source such as a water pipe and the downstream side branched to supply water to the water inlets 220 of the oil water heaters 2a, 2b, 2c, Hot water supply having an upstream end connected to the hot water outlet 230 of each of the oil water heaters 2a, 2b, 2c via electromagnetic on-off valves 6a, 6b, 6c, and one or more downstream ends (only one is shown in the figure) And a hot water supply path 8 connected to a stopper (hot water supply curan) 7. The on-off valves 6a, 6b, and 6c are controlled to be opened and closed by the system controller 4, and when opened, the incoming water from the water supply passage 5 to the corresponding oil water heater and the hot water from the oil water heater to the hot water supply passage 8 are generated. It becomes possible. The water supply path 5 is provided with a check valve 51 for preventing a backflow at an upstream position.
[0025]
Each of the oil water heaters 2a, 2b, 2c burns fuel such as kerosene to heat the water received from the water inlets 220, and discharges the heated hot water to the water outlets 230. If it has such a function, the other type which does not use the heat exchanger 21 mentioned later can be used. Details of what is applied as each of these oil water heaters 2a, 2b, 2c will be described below based on the example shown in FIG.
[0026]
Each of the oil water heaters 2a, 2b, 2c includes a heat exchanger 21 disposed in the combustion can body 20, and a water intake pipe 22 for allowing water from the water supply path 5 to enter the heat exchanger 21 through a water inlet 220. A hot water pipe 23 for hot water heated by the heat exchanger 21 to the hot water outlet 230, a bypass pipe 24 for mixing water with the hot water discharged from the heat exchanger 21, and the heat exchange A burner 25 that heats the vessel 21 with combustion heat, and a fuel supply pipe 27 that supplies fuel (kerosene) from a fuel tank 26 to the burner 25 are provided.
[0027]
The inlet pipe 22 is provided with an incoming water temperature sensor 221 and an incoming water flow rate sensor 222, while the hot water outlet pipe 23 is heated by the combustion can body 20 at a position upstream from the joining position with the downstream end of the bypass pipe 24. A hot water temperature sensor 231 for detecting the hot water temperature after the hot water is provided, and a water amount servo valve 232 and a hot water temperature sensor 233 are provided at a position downstream of the merging position. The bypass pipe 24 is provided with a hot water mixing valve 241 for mixing the hot water from the hot water outlet pipe 23 with water from the incoming water pipe 22 at a predetermined mixing ratio.
[0028]
The burner 25 is disposed so as to inject the flame downward, and is constituted by a gun type burner having a return type spray nozzle 250, for example. The burner 25 sprays and burns kerosene supplied through a fuel supply pipe 27 provided with an electromagnetic on-off valve 251 and an electromagnetic supply pump 252 from a spray nozzle 250, and returns a part of the supplied kerosene to a return pipe 253. And return to the fuel supply pipe 27 between the electromagnetic on-off valve 251 and the electromagnetic supply pump 252. As shown in detail in FIG. 3, the return pipe 253 includes an oil temperature detection sensor 254 for detecting the oil temperature of the return oil, a flow rate control valve 255 for proportionally controlling the flow rate of the return oil, and the return oil to the return side. A check valve 256 that only flows is interposed. Combustion means is constituted by the above-described components 251 to 256 including the burner 25.
[0029]
On / off combustion control for such combustion means is performed by turning on and off the electromagnetic supply pump 252 alternately with the flow rate control valve 255 fixed at a predetermined opening degree. Is repeated. In the proportional combustion control, the flow rate of the return oil by the flow rate control valve 255 is changed and adjusted in proportion to the required number, and the spray amount from the burner 25 is changed and adjusted to the value corresponding to the required number. Is done. With the above on / off combustion control, it is possible to change and adjust the output number (combustion amount) in the small hot water capacity region (small combustion amount region) from, for example, No. 1.6 to No. 6, and for example, 6 by the proportional combustion control. It is possible to change and adjust the output number (combustion amount) in the large hot water capacity range (large combustion amount region) from No. 2 to No. 25.5.
[0030]
Each of the individual controllers 28a, 28b, 28c is connected to the system controller 4 through a communication line so as to be capable of bidirectional communication. Upon receiving various commands based on the number control by the system controller 4, the oil water heaters 2a, 2b, 2c Control such as combustion operation and combustion stop is performed. Note that the above-described bidirectional communication may be performed by a wireless method instead of wired communication.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 4, the system controller 4 is connected to a main remote controller 41, and includes a unit control unit (unit control unit) 42 and a combustion control unit (combustion control unit) 43. The system controller 4 may be provided separately from each of the oil water heaters 2a, 2b, 2c. However, from the viewpoint of compactness, the system controller 4 may be incorporated in any one of the oil water heaters (2c in the example of FIG. 1). preferable. In the following description, among the three oil water heaters, the reference numeral 2a is the first oil water heater, 2b is the second oil water heater, and 2c is the third oil water heater. The individual controllers 28a, 28b, and 28c and the on-off valves 6a, 6b, and 6c are also used with first to third, respectively.
[0032]
The number control unit 42 changes and adjusts the number of oil water heaters 2a, 2b, and 2c to be operated by combustion in accordance with a required load (heat load) when hot water is used in the hot water tap 7. Main water heater (hot water heater that ignites and burns first) M, Adjusting water heater R (hot water heater that ignites and burns last for auxiliary adjustment) R, Remaining target water heater (main water heater) Then, the role is assigned as a water heater T) that is ignited and burned sequentially when the required load cannot be satisfied. In addition, the three types of role setting such as the main water heater M, the target water heater T, and the adjusted water heater R are set so that rotation is sequentially changed every cycle with a predetermined period (for example, 24 hours) as one cycle. The main water heater M having the highest combustion frequency is sequentially changed in all the oil water heaters 2a, 2b, 2c so as to be evenly allocated.
[0033]
The rotation setting will be described based on the example of FIG. In this embodiment, since the connected oil water heater is constituted by three oil water heaters 2a, 2b, 2c, one is assigned to the main water heater and the other is assigned to the adjusted water heater R. The remaining one is assigned as the target water heater T. In cycle 1 (the first 24 hours), the first oil water heater 2a is assigned to the main water heater M, the second oil water heater 2b is assigned to the target water heater T, and the third oil water heater 2c is assigned to the adjusted water heater R. In cycle 2 (next 24 hours), the first oil water heater 2a is the target water heater T, the second oil water heater 2b is the adjustment water heater R, and the third oil water heater 2c is the main water heater M. In the cycle 3 (and the next 24 hours), the first oil water heater 2a is set as the adjustment water heater R, the second oil water heater 2b is set as the main water heater M, and the third oil water heater 2c is set as the target water heater. The assignment is set for each T, and in cycle 4, the assignment setting for cycle 1 is returned to and the above rotation setting is repeated.
[0034]
Here, for example, in cycle 1 described above, in the standby state in which hot water supply from the hot water tap 7 is not used, only the first on-off valve 6a of the main hot water supply M (first oil water heater 2a) is normally open. The on-off valves 6b and 6c of the target water heater T and the adjusted water heater R are maintained in the closed state. That is, the water supply path 5, the hot water supply path 8, and the hot water tap 7 are maintained in a state where they are communicated only via the main water heater M (the first oil water heater 2a and the first on-off valve 6a).
[0035]
When the hot-water tap 7 is opened, water enters the water intake pipe 22 of the first oil water heater 2a from the water supply path 5 through the water inlet 220, and this water flow rate becomes equal to or higher than the minimum operating flow rate (detected by the water flow rate sensor 222). The burner 25 of the first oil water heater 2a is combusted and hot water heated at the heat exchanger 21 is discharged to the hot water supply path 8 through the hot water outlet pipe 23, the hot water outlet 230 and the open on-off valve 6a. Hot water is supplied to the hot water tap 7 through the hot water supply path 8. When the demand from the hot water tap 7 becomes larger than the maximum set hot water discharge capacity of the first oil water heater 2a which is the main water heater M, the second oil which is the target water heater T is further opened by opening the second on-off valve 6b. The water heater 2b is also admitted and burned in the same manner as described above. In addition, the third on-off valve 6c of the adjusted water heater R is further increased to be larger than the total maximum set hot water discharge capacity of the two oil water heaters 2a and 2b. The third oil water heater 2c is operated to burn by opening the. Conversely, if the demand from the hot-water tap 7 is reduced, the number of oil water heaters to be burned is reduced in accordance with the reverse order of the above.
[0036]
Combustion control by the combustion control unit 43 for each of the oil water heaters 2a, 2b, and 2c set to the three types of the main water heater M, the target water heater T, and the adjusted water heater R as described above is performed as follows. .
[0037]
That is, as shown in FIG. 6, among the oil water heaters 2a, 2b, and 2c, those allocated and set as the main water heater M are used in the small hot water capacity range (1.6 to 6 outputs in FIG. 6). The above-mentioned on / off combustion control is performed for the number range), and the proportional combustion control is performed for the large hot water capacity range (similarly, the output number range of No. 6 to 25.5 is illustrated), These two combustion controls are switched according to the required capacity (necessary number) when using hot water from the hot water tap 7. And about what was allocated and set as the target hot water heaters T and adjustment hot water heaters R other than the main hot water heater M, on / off combustion control is prohibited and only proportional combustion control in the large hot water supply capacity range is performed. To do. In other words, the on / off combustion control is performed only in the main water heater M and is limited not to be performed in the other target water heater T and the regulated water heater R. In FIG. 6, the main water heater M is indicated as “M water heater”, the target water heater T is indicated as “T water heater”, and the adjusted water heater R is indicated as “R water heater” (FIG. 6). 7 and FIG. 8).
[0038]
When only the main water heater M is combusted by the number control unit 42 according to the required capacity under such a restriction, the target water heater T is also combusted to increase the number of combusted units. The combustion control by the combustion control unit 43 will be described based on the example of FIG.
[0039]
That is, in the single combustion state of only the main water heater M, if the required number corresponding to the required capacity is in the small hot water capacity range from 1.6 to 6, the on / off combustion control (ON / OFF combustion control) is used. Combustion is performed at the output number corresponding to the required number, and if the required number is larger than 6, the required number is obtained by proportional combustion control up to 18 which is a predetermined amount smaller than the maximum output number (25.5). Combustion is performed at an output number corresponding to the number (see the broken line with an arrow in FIG. 7). Thereby, even if the required number of numbers is from 1.6 to 6, it can be dealt with by the on / off combustion control by the main water heater M, without impairing the hot water supply function. It will not impair usability.
[0040]
If the required number becomes larger than 18, the target water heater T is burned and operated in addition to the main water heater M to shift to the connected combustion state. At this time, the target hot water supply is adjusted by reducing the control amount in the proportional combustion control of the main water heater M by at least the minimum control amount in the proportional combustion control of the target water heater T so that the output number smoothly increases and shifts. The proportional combustion control of the vessel T is started. In the example of FIG. 7, the control amount of the main water heater M is reduced by the amount corresponding to No. 8 as the reduction adjustment amount, while the target water heater T starts proportional combustion control from the output number of No. 8 (FIG. 7). (See alternate long and short dash lines with arrows). After the simultaneous combustion of the main water heater M and the target water heater T is started, the control amount of both proportional combustion control is increased with the increase in the required number of both. Thereby, the total control amount (total of both output numbers) of both proportional combustion control of the main water heater M and the target water heater T is made to match the required number.
[0041]
Further, when three units including the adjusted water heater R are simultaneously combusted, the reduced adjustment amount corresponding to at least the minimum control amount in the proportional combustion control of the third adjusted water heater R is also applied. After reducing the control amount of one or two units that have been controlled to proportional combustion until the third unit, the third unit proportional combustion control is started. As described above, even when the target water heater T and the regulated water heater R are not controlled to be turned on / off, the first combustion of the main hot water heater M to the second combustion starting simultaneously with the target hot water heater T or further The output number can be increased smoothly according to the increase in the required number at the start of combustion of the third unit of the regulated water heater R.
[0042]
On the contrary, when the number of combustion is reduced as the required number is reduced, the output number is smoothly reduced by increasing adjustment. That is, as shown in the example of FIG. 8, when the main water heater M and the target water heater T shift from the connected combustion state simultaneously to the single combustion state of the main water heater M alone as the required number is reduced. First, when the required number is reduced to 20, the target water heater T increases the degree of reduction of the control amount of proportional combustion control (see the broken line indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 8), while the main hot water supply. The control amount of the proportional combustion control of the vessel M is maintained substantially constant (see the solid broken line with an arrow in the figure). Then, when the required number is reduced to 16, the combustion of the target water heater T is stopped, while the control amount of the proportional combustion control of the main water heater M is increased to 16, and the output number becomes 16. To be. Thereafter, if the required number is reduced, the control amount of the proportional combustion control of the main water heater M is reduced accordingly, and if the required number is less than 6, the combustion control of the main water heater M is turned on.・ Switch to off-combustion control so that the output number corresponds to the required number.
[0043]
As described above, when the number of combustion increases or decreases with the increase or decrease of the required number, the required number is 16 to 18 in the examples of FIGS. A hysteresis region (see FIG. 8) is provided in the range of.
[0044]
As described above, the on / off combustion control is not executed for the burners 25 of the other two oil water heaters other than the one oil water heater assigned to the main water heater M, and accordingly. Each electromagnetic supply pump 252 does not repeat on / off switching. For this reason, durability can be improved without deterioration in durability of the electromagnetic supply pump 252 and the like due to execution of the on / off combustion control. In addition, since the main water heaters M are sequentially assigned to other oil water heaters in accordance with the rotation setting, the durability decreases due to the execution of the on / off combustion control in the main water heaters M. , 2b, 2c can be evenly distributed.
[0045]
<Other embodiments>
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Various other embodiments are included. That is, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the connected oil water heater is configured by connecting three oil water heaters is shown, but the number of units may be two or more, for example, ten, twenty or more. You may make it comprise the connection type oil hot-water supply apparatus of this invention by connecting a thing of a number.
[0046]
In the above embodiment, the output number range from 1.6 to 6 is used as the small combustion amount region (small hot water capacity region), and the number 6 to 25.5 is used as the large combustion amount region (large hot water capacity region). Although the output number ranges up to are shown, these numbers are only examples, and the boundary between both combustion amount ranges may be determined by the minimum limit of proportional combustion determined by the specifications of the combustion means.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of each oil water heater constituting the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a combustion means including a burner.
FIG. 4 is a block configuration diagram of a system controller of the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a table showing an example of rotation of main, target, and adjustment for each cycle.
FIG. 6 is a chart showing the relationship between the output number and combustion control in each of the main (M), target (T) and adjustment (R) water heaters.
FIG. 7 is a chart showing a method for changing and adjusting the output number of each water heater relative to the required number when the required number increases.
FIG. 8 is a chart showing a method for changing and adjusting the output number of each water heater with respect to the required number when the required number is reduced.
[Explanation of symbols]
2a, 2b, 2c Oil water heater
7 Hot water tap (hot water supply destination)
8 Hot water supply route
25 Burner (part of combustion means)
42 Number control unit (number control means)
43 Combustion control unit (combustion control means)
230 Hot spring outlet

Claims

A plurality of oil water heaters having combustion means capable of changing the amount of combustion by changing and adjusting the spray amount of liquid fuel, each having a hot water outlet connected to a common hot water supply path following the hot water supply destination, and oil hot water for combustion operation A connected oil hot water supply device comprising a unit control means for controlling the number of units so as to change the number of units according to the thermal load of the hot water supply destination,
Combustion control means for controlling combustion according to the number of combustion units operated by the number control means and the required combustion amount corresponding to the thermal load of the hot water supply destination, with each combustion means of the plurality of oil water heaters being controlled,
The combustion control means includes on / off combustion control and large combustion in a small combustion amount region according to the required combustion amount when only the first of a plurality of oil water heaters is in a combustion state. While switching to proportional combustion control in the quantity region, in the connected combustion state where two or more oil water heaters are operated simultaneously, the on / off combustion control is prohibited in the second and subsequent oil water heaters and proportional combustion is performed. A connected oil hot water supply device configured to perform only control.

A plurality of oil water heaters having combustion means capable of changing the amount of combustion by changing and adjusting the spray amount of the liquid fuel, each having a hot water outlet connected to a common hot water supply path following the hot water supply destination, and the plurality of oils After assigning and setting the role as the main water heater that performs combustion operation first for any one of the water heaters, the number of oil water heaters that include this main water heater and that is operated by combustion is set as the heat load of the hot water supply destination. A connected oil hot water supply device comprising a number control means for performing a number control to be changed according to
Combustion control means for controlling combustion according to the number of combustion units operated by the number control means and the required combustion amount corresponding to the thermal load of the hot water supply destination, with each combustion means of the plurality of oil water heaters being controlled,
The combustion control means is configured to control on / off combustion in a small combustion amount region and proportional combustion control in a large combustion amount region in accordance with a required combustion amount for one oil water heater set for the main water heater. On the other hand, the oil-type water heater other than the main water heater is configured to perform only proportional combustion control.

It is a connection type oil hot-water supply apparatus of Claim 2, Comprising:
The number-of-units control means is configured to change the role of the main water heater to the plurality of oil water heaters by rotation and change.

A connected oil hot water supply device according to claim 2 or claim 3,
The combustion control means includes a single combustion state in which only one oil water heater assigned to the main water heater is burned, and a connection in which other oil water heaters other than the main water heater are simultaneously burned in addition to the main water heater. At the time of mutual transition between combustion states, the mutual transition is performed by starting proportional combustion of the other oil water heaters after increasing or decreasing the proportional combustion control amount of the oil water heater that is the main water heater. A connected oil hot water supply device configured to smoothly increase or decrease the hot water discharge capacity during the operation.