JP3872383B2 - Carbon brush - Google Patents
Carbon brush Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3872383B2 JP3872383B2 JP2002165933A JP2002165933A JP3872383B2 JP 3872383 B2 JP3872383 B2 JP 3872383B2 JP 2002165933 A JP2002165933 A JP 2002165933A JP 2002165933 A JP2002165933 A JP 2002165933A JP 3872383 B2 JP3872383 B2 JP 3872383B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- base material
- carbon
- brush
- tungsten
- additive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電動工具等の整流子電動機用のカーボンブラシで、無線妨害特性が改善されたカーボンブラシに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電動工具等の整流子電動機用のカーボンブラシは、近年、特に小型化、高出力化、高速回転化が進んでいる。そのため、小型ながら抵抗損が小さく、かつ磨耗が少ないカーボンブラシが要求されるようになった。
【0003】
このような要求に対応するカーボンブラシは、一方ではラジオノイズを発生し易くなる。このラジオノイズを抑えて無線妨害特性を改善するために、特開平8−130078号公報に開示のように、カーボンブラシにオイルを含浸することが行われている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、高速回転化が一段と進むと、オイルを含浸するだけでは、無線妨害特性を抑制しきれなくなる。また、オイル含浸の場合、長期間保存による含浸オイルの流出があり、無線妨害特性が安定して発揮できないというという問題があった。
【0005】
そこで、本発明の目的は、カーボン基材を用いるカーボンブラシであって、無線妨害特性が安定して改善されたカーボンブラシを提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記課題を解決するために本発明者らは、ブラシのカーボン基材に、特定の金属成分を少量添加すると、無線妨害特性が改善されるということを見出し本発明を完成した。
【0007】
すなわち、本発明のブラシは、金属黒鉛質ブラシを除いたものであり、カーボン基材に、タングステン、亜鉛、これらの酸化物、これらの硫化物(二硫化タングステンを除く)、錫酸化物、錫硫化物のいずれか1種以上を添加剤として含有させ、CISPR14規格に準拠するように無線妨害特性が改善されたものである。
前記添加剤は、タングステン、酸化亜鉛、硫化亜鉛のいずれか1種以上であるものが好ましい。
また、前記添加剤は、前記カーボン基材に対して、3重量%以下、0.3重量%以上含まれるものが好ましい。
また、前記カーボン基材に、オイルを含浸させてあるものが好ましい。
また、前記カーボン基材は、黒鉛粉を熱硬化性樹脂又はピッチなどのバインダーで混練し、前記バインダー成分を炭化して形成されたものが好ましい。
【0008】
本発明における、ブラシの基材は、(1)黒鉛粉を熱硬化性樹脂又はピッチなどのバインダーで混練し、低温度で焼成して、バインダー成分を炭化した炭素黒鉛質のもの、(2)黒鉛粉を熱硬化性樹脂などのバインダーで混練し、硬化せしめただけの樹脂結合質(レジンボンド系)のもの、等が例示できる。
【0009】
中でも、結晶化度の余り高くない人造黒鉛粉を用い、バインダーとしてピッチや熱硬化性樹脂を加えて混捏し、所定の大きさに成形し、低温度で焼成して、バインダー成分を炭化した炭素黒鉛質のものが好ましい。後述するオイルの含浸が適切にできるからである。このバインダーとして用いられる熱硬化性樹脂には、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、フラン樹脂等を使用することができる。
【0010】
このブラシ基材に、タングステン、亜鉛、これらの酸化物、これらの硫化物(二硫化タングステンを除く)、錫酸化物、錫硫化物のいずれか1種以上を添加剤として含有させる。特に、前記添加剤は、タングステン、酸化亜鉛、硫化亜鉛のいずれか1種であるものが好ましい。更に、前記添加剤としてタングステンが、少量でもって広い周波数範囲で安定した無線妨害特性を発揮するため特に好ましい。
【0011】
この添加剤は、前記カーボン基材に対して、3重量%以下、より好ましくは1重量%以下、更に0.3重量%以上含まれるものにする。添加剤量が0.3重量%未満では、無線妨害特性の改善効果が少なく、添加剤量が3重量%を超え、より好ましくは1重量%を超えると、ブラシ基材の硬度が増し、低摩擦特性が劣化する。
【0012】
なお、このブラシ基材中に、高温の潤滑性を安定的に維持するために、固体潤滑剤として二硫化モリブデンや二硫化タングステン等を添加することもできる。また、この固体潤滑剤によって整流子表面に形成される皮膜を調整するために、ブラシ基材に研削剤を添加することもできる。この研削剤には、アルミナ、シリカ、炭化ケイ素等が使用される。
【0013】
無線妨害特性改善用の添加剤の含むこのような添加剤は、黒鉛粉を熱硬化性樹脂又はピッチなどのバインダーで混練するときに添加される。
【0014】
黒鉛粉と熱硬化性樹脂バインダーとを混練し、バインダー成分を炭化又は硬化した後のブラシ基材にオイルを含浸させる。このオイル含浸によって、無線妨害特性の改善が一層促進される。このオイルには、合成炭化水素油、エステル油、鉱物油、石油系炭化水素が用いられる。オイルの含浸率は、ブラシ基材に対して2重量%以上が好ましく、更に2〜10重量%が好ましい。また、これらオイルには、シリコン成分が1〜0.5重量%含まれることが特に好ましい。
【0015】
また、ブラシの表面の整流子への押し当て方向に延在する側面の全部又は一部の面に金属質皮膜として銅を、無電解メッキ法により形成、被覆することもできる。この銅メッキが施される場合には、前述したオイル含浸は、銅メッキ後に行われる。このようにして被覆される銅メッキ膜の厚さは、厚すぎると摺動時に相手摺動面を荒らし、ブラシ及び相手材(整流子)の摩耗が大きくなる傾向がある。また、逆に極端に薄いと、ブラシの基材の被覆効果が少なく、ブラシの抵抗が余り下がらず、ブラシの温度の上昇を抑制することが困難となる。従って、銅メッキ膜の厚さとしては0.1〜100μm程度が好適である。
【0016】
このように、タングステン、亜鉛、これらの酸化物、これらの硫化物(二硫化タングステンを除く)、錫酸化物、錫硫化物のいずれか1種以上、特にタングステン、酸化亜鉛、硫化亜鉛のいずれか1種をカーボン基材に含ませたもの、更にカーボン基材にオイルを含浸させたものは、カーボン基材のブラシの優れた特性を維持しつつ、CISPR14規格に準拠するように無線妨害特性を改善させることができる。
【0017】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例を挙げ、本発明を詳しく説明する。なお、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
(実施例1)平均粒径20μm、灰分1.0%以下の人造黒鉛粉と天然黒鉛粉の混合粉70質量部にフェノール樹脂30質量部と、基材換算で0.5重量%となるようにタングステンを加え、150℃で1時間混捏した。その後、粒径が40メッシュ以下になるように粉砕し、100MPaの圧力で6×9×15mmの寸法に型押し成形し、600℃で樹脂を炭化し、ブラシ基材を得た。このブラシ基材をDIN51561による動粘度が40℃において68(mm2/s)の合成炭化水素系とエステル油の混合に漬けて、ブラシ基材に4.5重量%のオイルを含浸させた。
【0018】
(参考例)実施例1のタングステンに代わり、錫を基材換算で0.5重量%となるように加えたブラシ基材とし、このブラシ基材に3.8重量%のオイルを含浸させた。
【0019】
(実施例2)実施例1のタングステンに代わり、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)を基材換算で0.5重量%となるように加えたブラシ基材とし、このブラシ基材に3.7重量%のオイルを含浸させた。
【0020】
(実施例3)実施例1のタングステンに代わり、硫化亜鉛(ZnS)を基材換算で0.5重量%となるように加えたブラシ基材とし、このブラシ基材に4.0重量%のオイルを含浸させた。
【0021】
(比較例1)平均粒径20μm、灰分1.0%以下の人造黒鉛粉と天然黒鉛粉との混合粉70質量部にフェノール樹脂30質量部を加え、150℃で1時間混捏した。その後、粒径が40メッシュ以下になるように粉砕し、100MPaの圧力で6×9×15mmの寸法に型押し成形し、600℃で樹脂を炭化し、ブラシ基材を得た。このブラシ基材を実施例1で使用したのと同じオイルに漬けて、ブラシ基材に4.5重量%のオイルを含浸させた。
【0022】
実施例1〜3、参考例及び比較例の各々のブラシについて、CISPR14規格に基づくEMI試験により、AC230V,60Hz−15minの条件で端子妨害電圧測定と妨害電力測定を実施した。端子妨害電圧測定の結果を表1に示し、妨害電力測定の結果を表2に示した。
【0023】
【表1】
【0024】
【表2】
【0025】
表1及び表2に示すように、タングステン、錫、亜鉛、酸化亜鉛、硫化亜鉛のいずれかを添加剤として含有させることにより、ノイズレベルを数dB下げることができる。
【0026】
また、実施例1〜3、参考例及び比較例の物理特性を表3に示す。
【0027】
【表3】
【0028】
表3に示すように、タングステン、錫、亜鉛、酸化亜鉛、硫化亜鉛のいずれかを添加剤として含有させても、その物理特性は良好に保持される。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
本発明は以上のように構成されており、カーボン基材に、タングステン、亜鉛、これらの酸化物、これらの硫化物(二硫化タングステンを除く)、錫酸化物、錫硫化物のいずれか1種以上を添加剤として含有させることにより、ラジオノイズが低減し、無線妨害特性が安定的に且つCISPR14規格に準拠するように改善される。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a carbon brush for a commutator motor such as an electric tool, and to a carbon brush with improved radio interference characteristics.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, carbon brushes for commutator motors such as electric tools have been especially reduced in size, increased in output, and rotated at high speed. For this reason, a carbon brush has been required which has a small resistance loss and a small wear.
[0003]
On the other hand, carbon brushes that meet such requirements tend to generate radio noise. In order to suppress radio noise and improve radio interference characteristics, carbon brushes are impregnated with oil as disclosed in JP-A-8-130078.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, if the high-speed rotation further progresses, the radio interference characteristics cannot be suppressed by simply impregnating with oil. Further, in the case of oil impregnation, there is a problem that the impregnation oil flows out due to long-term storage, and the radio interference characteristics cannot be exhibited stably.
[0005]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a carbon brush using a carbon base material, which has a stable and improved radio interference characteristic.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that the radio interference characteristics are improved when a small amount of a specific metal component is added to the carbon base material of the brush, thereby completing the present invention.
[0007]
That is, the brush of the present invention is obtained by removing the metal-graphite brush. The carbon base material is made of tungsten, zinc, oxides thereof, sulfides thereof (excluding tungsten disulfide) , tin oxide, tin. One or more sulfides are contained as an additive, and the radio interference characteristics are improved so as to comply with the CISPR14 standard .
The additive is preferably one or more of tungsten, zinc oxide, and zinc sulfide.
The additive is preferably contained in an amount of 3% by weight or less and 0.3% by weight or more based on the carbon substrate.
Further, it is preferable that the carbon base material is impregnated with oil.
The carbon base material is preferably formed by kneading graphite powder with a binder such as a thermosetting resin or pitch and carbonizing the binder component.
[0008]
In the present invention, the base material of the brush is (1) a carbon graphite material obtained by kneading graphite powder with a binder such as a thermosetting resin or pitch and firing it at a low temperature to carbonize the binder component, (2) Examples thereof include a resin binder (resin bond type) in which graphite powder is kneaded with a binder such as a thermosetting resin and cured.
[0009]
Among them, carbon made by using artificial graphite powder that is not too high in crystallinity, adding pitch and thermosetting resin as a binder, kneading, shaping to a predetermined size, firing at low temperature, and carbonizing the binder component Graphite is preferred. This is because the oil impregnation described later can be appropriately performed. As the thermosetting resin used as the binder, a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, a furan resin, or the like can be used.
[0010]
This brush base material contains at least one of tungsten, zinc, oxides thereof, sulfides thereof (excluding tungsten disulfide) , tin oxide, and tin sulfide as an additive. In particular, the additive is preferably one of tungsten, zinc oxide, and zinc sulfide. Further, tungsten is particularly preferable as the additive because it exhibits a stable radio interference characteristic in a wide frequency range with a small amount.
[0011]
This additive is contained in an amount of 3% by weight or less, more preferably 1% by weight or less, and further 0.3% by weight or more based on the carbon base material. If the additive amount is less than 0.3% by weight, the effect of improving the radio interference characteristics is small, and if the additive amount exceeds 3% by weight, more preferably more than 1% by weight, the hardness of the brush base material increases, and the low Friction characteristics deteriorate.
[0012]
In this brush base material, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, or the like may be added as a solid lubricant in order to stably maintain high-temperature lubricity. In order to adjust the film formed on the commutator surface by the solid lubricant, an abrasive can be added to the brush base material. As the abrasive, alumina, silica, silicon carbide, or the like is used.
[0013]
Such additives including additives for improving radio interference characteristics are added when the graphite powder is kneaded with a binder such as a thermosetting resin or pitch.
[0014]
Graphite powder and a thermosetting resin binder are kneaded, and the brush base material after carbonizing or curing the binder component is impregnated with oil. This oil impregnation further promotes improvement of radio interference characteristics. Synthetic hydrocarbon oils, ester oils, mineral oils, and petroleum hydrocarbons are used for this oil. The oil impregnation rate is preferably 2% by weight or more, more preferably 2 to 10% by weight with respect to the brush base material. Further, these oils particularly preferably contain 1 to 0.5% by weight of a silicon component.
[0015]
Moreover, copper as a metallic film can be formed and coated by an electroless plating method on all or a part of the side surfaces extending in the pressing direction of the brush surface against the commutator. When this copper plating is performed, the oil impregnation described above is performed after the copper plating. When the thickness of the copper plating film coated in this way is too thick, the mating sliding surface is roughened during sliding, and wear of the brush and mating material (commutator) tends to increase. On the other hand, if it is extremely thin, the effect of covering the base material of the brush is small, the resistance of the brush does not decrease much, and it becomes difficult to suppress the increase in the temperature of the brush. Accordingly, the thickness of the copper plating film is preferably about 0.1 to 100 μm.
[0016]
As described above, any one or more of tungsten, zinc, oxides thereof, sulfides thereof (excluding tungsten disulfide) , tin oxides, and tin sulfides, particularly tungsten, zinc oxide, and zinc sulfide. The carbon base material with one type impregnated with oil, and the carbon base material impregnated with oil maintain the excellent characteristics of the carbon base brush while maintaining the radio interference characteristics to comply with the CISPR14 standard. Can be improved.
[0017]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. In addition, this invention is not limited to a following example.
Example 1 An average particle size of 20 μm, an ash content of 1.0% or less artificial graphite powder and natural graphite powder mixed powder of 70 parts by mass, phenol resin of 30 parts by mass, and so as to be 0.5% by weight in terms of substrate Tungsten was added to the mixture and mixed at 150 ° C. for 1 hour. Then, it grind | pulverized so that a particle size might be 40 mesh or less, and it was press-molded by the pressure of 100 Mpa to the dimension of 6x9x15 mm, and carbonized resin at 600 degreeC, and the brush base material was obtained. This brush base material was immersed in a mixture of a synthetic hydrocarbon system having a kinematic viscosity of 68 (mm 2 / s) according to DIN 51561 at 68 ° C. and ester oil, and the brush base material was impregnated with 4.5% by weight of oil.
[0018]
( Reference Example ) Instead of tungsten in Example 1, a brush base material in which tin was added to 0.5% by weight in terms of the base material was used, and this brush base material was impregnated with 3.8% by weight of oil. .
[0019]
(Example 2 ) Instead of tungsten in Example 1, zinc brush (ZnO) was added to 0.5% by weight in terms of base material, and 3.7% by weight was added to this brush base material. Impregnated with oil.
[0020]
(Example 3 ) Instead of tungsten of Example 1, zinc brush (ZnS) was added so as to be 0.5% by weight in terms of base material, and 4.0% by weight was added to this brush base material. Impregnated with oil.
[0021]
(Comparative Example 1) 30 parts by mass of a phenol resin was added to 70 parts by mass of a mixed powder of artificial graphite powder having an average particle size of 20 μm and an ash content of 1.0% or less and natural graphite powder, and the mixture was kneaded at 150 ° C. for 1 hour. Then, it grind | pulverized so that a particle size might be 40 mesh or less, and it was press-molded by the pressure of 100 Mpa to the dimension of 6x9x15 mm, and carbonized resin at 600 degreeC, and the brush base material was obtained. This brush base material was immersed in the same oil used in Example 1, and the brush base material was impregnated with 4.5% by weight of oil.
[0022]
About each brush of Examples 1-3, the reference example, and the comparative example , the terminal disturbance voltage measurement and disturbance electric power measurement were implemented on condition of AC230V, 60Hz-15min by the EMI test based on CISPR14 specification. The results of the terminal disturbance voltage measurement are shown in Table 1, and the interference power measurement results are shown in Table 2.
[0023]
[Table 1]
[0024]
[Table 2]
[0025]
As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the noise level can be lowered by several dB by including any one of tungsten, tin, zinc, zinc oxide, and zinc sulfide as an additive.
[0026]
Table 3 shows the physical characteristics of Examples 1 to 3, Reference Examples and Comparative Examples .
[0027]
[Table 3]
[0028]
As shown in Table 3, even when any one of tungsten, tin, zinc, zinc oxide, and zinc sulfide is added as an additive, the physical characteristics are maintained well.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is configured as described above, and any one of tungsten, zinc, oxides thereof, sulfides thereof (excluding tungsten disulfide) , tin oxides and tin sulfides is formed on the carbon substrate. By containing the above as an additive, radio noise is reduced, and radio interference characteristics are improved stably and in compliance with the CISPR14 standard .
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002165933A JP3872383B2 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2002-06-06 | Carbon brush |
GB0311986A GB2389358B (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-05-23 | Carbon brush |
DE10324855.2A DE10324855B4 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-06-02 | carbon brush |
IT000422A ITTO20030422A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-06-05 | CARBON BRUSH |
CNB2006101518672A CN100521404C (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-06-06 | Carbon brush |
CNB031386652A CN100375343C (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-06-06 | Carbno brush |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002165933A JP3872383B2 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2002-06-06 | Carbon brush |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2004014294A JP2004014294A (en) | 2004-01-15 |
JP3872383B2 true JP3872383B2 (en) | 2007-01-24 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002165933A Expired - Lifetime JP3872383B2 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2002-06-06 | Carbon brush |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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JP (1) | JP3872383B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100521404C (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007028841A (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2007-02-01 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Brush for dc electric motor and its manufacturing method |
JP4925466B2 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2012-04-25 | 株式会社ミツバ | Carbon brush, carbon brush manufacturing method, and electric motor |
JP6267912B2 (en) * | 2013-10-02 | 2018-01-24 | 東洋炭素株式会社 | Metal-carbon brush and method for producing the same |
CN104779511B (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2017-04-05 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | The preparation method of running machine motor brush and the brush prepared by the method |
CN104022425A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-03 | 3M中国有限公司 | Carbon brush and preparation method thereof |
DE102015205735A1 (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-10-06 | Schunk Hoffmann Carbon Technology Ag | Use of a carbon composite material for producing electrical contact bodies for a fuel pump and contact body |
DE102016213653A1 (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2018-02-01 | Schunk Hoffmann Carbon Technology Ag | Discharge device for dissipation of electrical interference |
JP7250337B2 (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2023-04-03 | トライス株式会社 | METAL-GRAPHITIC EARTH BRUSH MAINLY COMPOUNDED BY SILVER AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
CN116505341B (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-11-28 | 湖北东南佳新材料有限公司 | Wear-resistant carbon brush material and preparation method thereof |
-
2002
- 2002-06-06 JP JP2002165933A patent/JP3872383B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-06-06 CN CNB2006101518672A patent/CN100521404C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100521404C (en) | 2009-07-29 |
JP2004014294A (en) | 2004-01-15 |
CN1956280A (en) | 2007-05-02 |
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