WO2021260771A1 - Metal graphite material and electric brush - Google Patents

Metal graphite material and electric brush Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021260771A1
WO2021260771A1 PCT/JP2020/024414 JP2020024414W WO2021260771A1 WO 2021260771 A1 WO2021260771 A1 WO 2021260771A1 JP 2020024414 W JP2020024414 W JP 2020024414W WO 2021260771 A1 WO2021260771 A1 WO 2021260771A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mass
resin
particle size
electric brush
copper
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PCT/JP2020/024414
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
直明 志村
信史 稲田
浩一 上田
吉弘 小池
Original Assignee
昭和電工マテリアルズ株式会社
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Application filed by 昭和電工マテリアルズ株式会社 filed Critical 昭和電工マテリアルズ株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2020/024414 priority Critical patent/WO2021260771A1/en
Publication of WO2021260771A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021260771A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/05—Alloys based on copper with manganese as the next major constituent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to metallic graphitic materials and electric brushes.
  • Recent DC motors are designed to be smaller and lighter by increasing the speed and current density.
  • this type of electric motor has a large deterioration in rectification performance, output characteristics, etc., and also has a large amount of wear on the electric brush, resulting in short durability.
  • electric brushes used in automobile starter motors are required to have durability, impact resistance, corrosion resistance, low electric loss, low resistance and the like.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-029586 uses an electric brush containing copper and graphite as main components and molybdenum disulfide, lead and the like added thereto.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-013382 discloses a method of adding a hard polishing substance such as silicon carbide to an electric brush to impart a cleaning action to the commutator surface. ..
  • Japanese Patent No. 2570888 discloses a method of adding boron carbide as a hard abrasive substance to an electric brush to impart a cleaning action to the commutator surface.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-119203 discloses a method of adding a copper-manganese alloy to an electric brush to impart a cleaning action to the commutator surface.
  • the electric brush to which a hard abrasive substance is added disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-013382 has a problem that it is difficult to select the optimum addition amount and particle size of the hard abrasive substance because of its strong cleaning action. ..
  • Unevenness may occur, which may cause problems such as deterioration of motor output, increase of contact voltage drop, and increase of electric brush wear.
  • a blackened film may be formed, unevenness and roughness may occur, and problems such as a contact voltage drop and an increase in brush wear may occur.
  • a blackened film may be formed, unevenness and roughness may occur, and problems such as a contact voltage drop and an increase in brush wear may occur.
  • One form of the present disclosure is made in view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, and is a metallic graphitic material capable of reducing a contact voltage drop, reducing wear of the electric brush itself, and forming an electric brush having excellent durability. And, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electric brush formed by using this metallic graphitic material.
  • Main components are at least one of copper and silver and resin-treated graphite. Further, 0.2% by mass to 5% by mass of solid lubricant, 0.2% by mass to 5% by mass of zinc, 0.03% by mass to 2% by mass of boron carbide, and 0.1% by mass to 0.1% by mass.
  • a metallic graphite material containing 3% by mass of a copper-manganese alloy and 0.2% by mass to 4% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy.
  • the mass-based content ratio of the resin-treated graphite to the total amount of copper and silver is 90:10 to 20:80 in ⁇ 1>.
  • the metallic graphitic material of the description ⁇ 3> The metallic graphitic material according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, wherein the resin-treated graphite contains a phenol resin.
  • the electric brush according to ⁇ 4> used as an electric brush for a starter motor.
  • a metallic graphite material capable of reducing a contact voltage drop, reducing wear of the electric brush itself to form a highly durable electric brush, and using this metallic graphite material. It is possible to provide an electric brush formed by the above.
  • the term "process” includes, in addition to a process independent of other processes, the process as long as the purpose of the process is achieved even if it cannot be clearly distinguished from the other process. ..
  • the numerical range indicated by using "-" includes the numerical values before and after "-" as the minimum value and the maximum value, respectively.
  • the upper limit value or the lower limit value described in one numerical range may be replaced with the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the numerical range described in another stepwise description. ..
  • the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the numerical range may be replaced with the value shown in the examples.
  • each component may contain a plurality of applicable substances.
  • the content or content of each component is the total content or content of the plurality of substances present in the composition unless otherwise specified.
  • the particles corresponding to each component may contain a plurality of types of particles.
  • the particle size of each component means a value for a mixture of the plurality of particles present in the composition unless otherwise specified.
  • the term "layer” or “membrane” is used only in a part of the region, in addition to the case where the layer or the membrane is formed in the entire region when the region is observed. The case where it is formed is also included.
  • the average particle size of each particle is the particle size (D50) when the accumulation from the small diameter side is 50% in the volume-based particle size distribution measured by the laser diffraction method.
  • the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains at least one of copper and silver (hereinafter, copper and silver may be collectively referred to as a specific metal) and resin-treated graphite as main components, and further has a mass of 0.2. % To 5% by mass of solid lubricant, 0.2% to 5% by mass of silver, 0.03% to 2% by mass of boron carbide, and 0.1% to 3% by mass of copper. It contains a manganese alloy and 0.2% by mass to 4% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy.
  • the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure may contain other components, if necessary.
  • the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure it is possible to reduce the contact voltage drop, reduce the wear of the electric brush itself, and form an electric brush having excellent durability.
  • various components contained in the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure will be described in detail.
  • the inclusion of the specified metal and the resin-treated graphite as the "main component” means that the total amount of the specified metal and the resin-treated graphite in the metallic graphitic material is 50% by mass or more.
  • the content of each component is a ratio to the entire metallic graphitic material.
  • the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains at least one of a specific metal.
  • the specific metal is preferably in the form of metal powder.
  • the metal powder include copper powder and silver powder, and copper powder is preferable from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost, and electrolytic copper powder is more preferable.
  • the average particle size of the metal powder is preferably 5 ⁇ m to 75 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m, and more preferably 15 ⁇ m in terms of improving the output of the motor and improving the mechanical strength. It is more preferably ⁇ 55 ⁇ m.
  • the surface of the metal powder may be coated with a resin.
  • the resin for coating is not particularly limited as long as there is no problem in the performance of the electric brush when the metal graphite material is used as the electric brush.
  • the resin for coating include epoxy resin, phenol resin, furan resin, urea resin, melamine resin and the like. Among these, it is preferable to use an epoxy resin or a phenol resin.
  • the means for coating the surface of the metal powder with the resin is not particularly limited, and the surface of the metal powder can be coated with the resin by applying, spraying, dipping or impregnating the resin for coating. Among these, it is preferable to coat by the impregnation method in terms of obtaining a more stable coating state.
  • the amount of the resin is preferably 0.05% by mass to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.1% by mass to 3% by mass, based on the mass of the metal powder.
  • the coverage is 0.05% by mass or more, the metal powder is sufficiently covered with the resin and the oxidation of the metal powder tends to be suppressed. Further, when the coverage is 5% by mass or less, the resistance of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphitic material tends to be suppressed to a low level.
  • the content of the specific metal (when copper and silver are used in combination, the total content of copper and silver) is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of exhibiting good conductivity, the content of the specific metal is preferably 70% by mass or less, more preferably 60% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the metallic graphite material. It is more preferably 55% by mass or less. From the viewpoint of suppressing the blending amount of the specific metal and exhibiting the required conductivity, the content of the specific metal is preferably 20% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the metallic graphite material.
  • the mass-based content ratio (resin-treated graphite: total amount of specific metal) between the total amount of resin-treated graphite and specific metal is the performance as an electric brush, the required strength of the electric brush, etc. From the viewpoint of the above, 90:10 to 20:80 is preferable, 70:30 to 25:75 is more preferable, and 60:40 to 30:70 is even more preferable.
  • the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains resin-treated graphite. Since the metallic graphitic material contains resin-treated graphite, it is possible to reduce the amount of electric brush wear due to the improvement of the electric brush strength.
  • Resin-treated graphite can be obtained, for example, by kneading a composition containing graphite and a binder resin and then granulating the composition.
  • a kneading method a usual method can be used.
  • the composition may contain a solid lubricant, a curing agent, a plasticizer and the like described later, if necessary.
  • the type of graphite used as a raw material for the resin-treated graphite is not particularly limited, and may be natural graphite or artificial graphite. Of these, natural graphite, which is superior in lubricity with developed crystals, is preferable. As for graphite, only one kind may be used, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
  • the binder resin used as a raw material for the resin-treated graphite is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include phenol resin, furan resin, urea resin, melamine resin, and epoxy resin. Among these, a phenol resin is preferable as the binder resin.
  • resin-treated graphite containing the phenol resin can be obtained.
  • the phenol resin may be a resol resin or a novolak resin, or a resol resin and a novolak resin may be mixed and used.
  • the resol resin and the novolak resin may be in any state such as liquid, solid, and powder.
  • a modified phenol resin modified with various modifiers can be used according to the characteristics required for the resin-treated graphite.
  • the modified phenol resin include resorsin-modified phenol resin, cresol-modified phenol resin, alkyl-modified phenol resin, cashew-modified phenol resin, aromatic hydrocarbon resin-modified phenol resin, melamine-modified phenol resin, oil-modified phenol resin, furan-modified phenol resin, and the like.
  • examples thereof include rosin-modified phenolic resin and terpene-modified phenolic resin.
  • the content of graphite in the resin-treated graphite is preferably 50% by mass to 95% by mass, preferably 60% by mass to 90% by mass, from the viewpoint of performance and material strength when used in an electric brush. It is more preferably 70% by mass to 85% by mass.
  • the average particle size of graphite is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m, more preferably 15 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the average particle size of the resin-treated graphite is not particularly limited, and is preferably 20 ⁇ m to 750 ⁇ m, more preferably 30 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
  • the resin-treated graphite two or more kinds of resin-treated graphite having different average particle diameters may be used in combination.
  • a resin-treated graphite having an average particle diameter of more than 200 ⁇ m and a resin-treated graphite having an average particle diameter of 200 ⁇ m or less may be combined.
  • the proportion of the resin-treated graphite having an average particle diameter of more than 200 ⁇ m is preferably 25% by mass to 75% by mass, and 30% by mass to 70% by mass of the whole resin-treated graphite. Is more preferable, and 35% by mass to 65% by mass is further preferable.
  • the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains a solid lubricant.
  • the content of the solid lubricant in the metallic graphite material is 0.2% by mass to 5% by mass, preferably 1% by mass to 4% by mass, and 1.5% by mass to 3.5% by mass. Is more preferable.
  • the solid lubricant may be contained in the metallic graphite material, may be contained in the composition for coating the resin-treated graphite, or may not be contained in the composition.
  • metal sulfide solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide and tungsten disulfide, boron nitride and the like are preferable from the viewpoint of lubricity, and among these, the metal sulfide solid lubricant is more preferable, and molybdenum disulfide is more preferable. Is even more preferable.
  • the average particle size of the metal sulfide solid lubricant is not particularly limited, and is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 3 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m. Is more preferable.
  • the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains zinc.
  • the content of zinc in the metallic graphite material is 0.2% by mass to 5% by mass, preferably 0.3% by mass to 4% by mass, and 1% by mass to 3.5% by mass. Is more preferable.
  • the zinc content is 0.2% by mass or more, it tends to be possible to suppress a decrease in the output of an electric motor provided with an electric brush formed by using a metallic graphite material.
  • the zinc content is 5% by mass or less, the life of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphite material can be extended, and the commutator wear and the occurrence of roughness tend to be suppressed. ..
  • the average particle size of zinc is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m.
  • the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains boron carbide.
  • the content of boron carbide in the metallic graphite material is 0.03% by mass to 2% by mass, preferably 0.05% by mass to 2% by mass, and 0.1% by mass to 2% by mass. It is more preferable to have.
  • the content of boron carbide is 0.03% by mass or more, the wear reducing effect of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphitic material tends to be improved.
  • the content of boron carbide is 2% by mass or less, the wear of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphite material can be reduced, and the wear of the commutator and the occurrence of roughness tend to be suppressed.
  • the particle size of boron carbide is not particularly limited, and for example, the average particle size is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m. There is no particular limitation on the composition ratio of carbon atom and boron atom in boron carbide.
  • the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains a copper-manganese alloy.
  • the content of the copper-manganese alloy in the metallic graphite material is 0.1% by mass to 3% by mass, preferably 0.2% by mass to 3% by mass, and 0.5% by mass to 2. It is more preferably 5% by mass.
  • the wear reducing effect of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphitic material tends to be improved.
  • the particle size of the copper-manganese alloy is not particularly limited, and for example, the average particle size is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, and more preferably 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m. There is no particular limitation on the composition ratio of copper atoms and manganese atoms in the copper-manganese alloy.
  • the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains a phosphorus-copper alloy.
  • the content of the phosphorus-copper alloy in the metallic graphite material is 0.2% by mass to 4% by mass, preferably 0.2% by mass to 3% by mass, and 0.5% by mass to 3% by mass. % Is more preferable.
  • the content of the phosphorus-copper alloy is 0.2% by mass or more, the wear reducing effect of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphitic material tends to be improved.
  • the particle size of the phosphorus-copper alloy is not particularly limited, and for example, the average particle size is preferably 5 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and more preferably 30 ⁇ m to 90 ⁇ m. There is no particular limitation on the component ratio of phosphorus atom and copper atom in the phosphorus-copper alloy.
  • Examples of other components contained in the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure as required include a mold release agent and the like.
  • examples thereof include amide, ethylene bisstearic acid amide, stearic acid monoglyceride, stearyl stearate, and hardened oil. Only one type of release agent may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
  • the content of the mold release agent may be 0.01% by mass to 1.5% by mass.
  • the electric brush of the present disclosure may be formed by using the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure, or may be formed by using each component constituting the metallic graphite material of the present disclosure. good.
  • the electric brush of the present disclosure can suppress the contact voltage drop by reducing the amount of the blackening film formed on the commutator surface while suppressing the roughness of the commutator surface, and is excellent in motor output.
  • the electric brush is used, for example, as an electric brush for a starter motor.
  • the metallic graphite material of the present disclosure is formed and pressed at a pressure of about 200 MPa to 400 MPa, and then sintered in a reducing atmosphere (for example, at 600 ° C. to 800 ° C. for 1 hour to 10 hours). , May be manufactured by machining to a predetermined shape and size.
  • the electric brush of the present disclosure includes specific metals constituting the metallic graphite material of the present disclosure, resin-treated graphite, solid lubricant, zinc, boron carbide, copper-manganese alloy and phosphorus-copper alloy, and if necessary.
  • molding and pressing are performed at a pressure of about 200 MPa to 400 MPa, and then sintering is performed in a reducing atmosphere containing hydrogen or the like (for example, 600 ° C. to 600 ° C.). It may be manufactured by machining at 800 ° C. for 1 to 10 hours) and machining it into a predetermined shape and size.
  • this resin-treated graphite 49.63% by mass, 50% by mass of electrolytic copper powder having an average particle size of 35 ⁇ m, 0.1% by mass of molybdenum disulfide having an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m, and copper-manganese having an average particle size of 15 ⁇ m.
  • 0.05% by mass of alloy 0.1% by mass of phosphorus-copper alloy with an average particle size of 70 ⁇ m, 0.02% by mass of boron carbide with an average particle size of 20 ⁇ m, and 0.1% by mass of zinc with an average particle size of 30 ⁇ m.
  • the obtained mixed powder was molded by a molding press with a copper stranded wire with a pigtail at a molding pressure of 392 MPa, heated to 700 ° C. in a reducing atmosphere containing hydrogen in 3 hours, and held at 700 ° C. for 1 hour. And heat-treated. Then, it was machined into a predetermined shape to obtain an electric brush.
  • Example 1 Resin-treated graphite 41.5% by mass, electrolytic copper powder with an average particle size of 35 ⁇ m 50% by mass, molybdenum disulfide 2% by mass with an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m, copper-manganese alloy with an average particle size of 15 ⁇ m 2% by mass, average Weigh 2% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy having a particle size of 70 ⁇ m, 0.5% by mass of boron carbide having an average particle size of 20 ⁇ m, and 2% by mass of zinc having an average particle size of 30 ⁇ m. After that, I got an electric brush.
  • Example 2 Resin-treated graphite 41% by mass, electrolytic copper powder with an average particle size of 35 ⁇ m 50% by mass, molybdenum disulfide 3% by mass with an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m, copper-manganese alloy with an average particle size of 15 ⁇ m 1% by mass, average particle size Weighs 1% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy having a particle size of 70 ⁇ m, 1% by mass of boron carbide having an average particle size of 20 ⁇ m, and 3% by mass of zinc having an average particle size of 30 ⁇ m. Obtained.
  • Example 3 Resin-treated graphite 38% by mass, electrolytic copper powder 50% by mass with an average particle size of 35 ⁇ m, molybdenum disulfide 3% by mass with an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m, copper-manganese alloy 2% by mass with an average particle size of 15 ⁇ m, average particle size Weighs 2% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy having a particle size of 70 ⁇ m, 2% by mass of boron carbide having an average particle size of 20 ⁇ m, and 3% by mass of zinc having an average particle size of 30 ⁇ m. Obtained.
  • Example 4 Resin-treated graphite 37% by mass, electrolytic copper powder with an average particle size of 35 ⁇ m 50% by mass, molybdenum disulfide 4% by mass with an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m, copper-manganese alloy with an average particle size of 15 ⁇ m 3% by mass, average particle size Weighs 1% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy having a particle size of 70 ⁇ m, 1% by mass of boron carbide having an average particle size of 20 ⁇ m, and 4% by mass of zinc having an average particle size of 30 ⁇ m. Obtained.
  • a sliding test was carried out by applying an electric current to the electric brushes obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7.
  • the test conditions were a Cu slip ring with a diameter of 30 mm, a current of 30 A / cm 2 , a rotation speed of 10000 min -1 (rpm), a spring pressure of 2 kg / cm 2 , and sliding for 200 hours.
  • the amount of wear and the surface roughness of the slip ring (ring roughness) were determined.
  • the results are shown in Table 1.
  • the amount of electric brush wear was defined as the amount of change in the length of the electric brush before and after the sliding test.
  • the slip ring surface roughness (ring roughness) was measured using a surface roughness measuring machine manufactured by Mitutoyo Co., Ltd.
  • the sweep distance was 7 mm
  • the sweep speed was 0.5 mm / s
  • the sweep direction was perpendicular to the sliding direction.
  • the contact voltage drop was measured by measuring the potential difference between the two electric brushes during the sliding test.
  • the electric brushes of Examples 1 to 4 have a lower contact voltage drop than the electric brushes of Comparative Examples 1 to 7, and reduce electric brush wear and commutator wear (ring roughness). It is clear to do.
  • the electric brush of the embodiment is an electric brush having excellent durability that reduces a contact voltage drop and reduces wear of the electric brush itself, and is extremely suitable industrially.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

This metal graphite material contains a resin-treated graphite and at least one of copper and silver as main components, and further contains 0.2 to 5 mass% of a solid lubricant, 0.2 to 5 mass% of lead, 0.03 to 2 mass% of boron carbide, 0.1 to 3 mass% of a copper-manganese alloy, and 0.2 to 4 mass% of a phosphorus-copper alloy.

Description

金属黒鉛質材料及び電刷子Metallic graphite material and electric brush
　本開示は、金属黒鉛質材料及び電刷子に関する。 This disclosure relates to metallic graphitic materials and electric brushes.
　最近の直流電動機は、高速化及び高電流密度化を行って小型軽量化を図っている。しかし、この種の電動機は、整流性能、出力特性等の低下が大きく、また電刷子の摩耗も多くなり、耐久性が短くなっているのが現状である。
　特に、自動車のスタータモータに使用される電刷子は、耐久性、耐衝撃性、耐食性、低電気損失化、低抵抗化等が要求されている。これらを満足するために、特公昭５８－０２９５８６公報には、銅及び黒鉛を主成分とし、これに二硫化モリブデン、鉛等を添加した電刷子が用いられている。 Recent DC motors are designed to be smaller and lighter by increasing the speed and current density. However, the current situation is that this type of electric motor has a large deterioration in rectification performance, output characteristics, etc., and also has a large amount of wear on the electric brush, resulting in short durability.
In particular, electric brushes used in automobile starter motors are required to have durability, impact resistance, corrosion resistance, low electric loss, low resistance and the like. In order to satisfy these requirements, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-029586 uses an electric brush containing copper and graphite as main components and molybdenum disulfide, lead and the like added thereto.
　ところが、上記に示すような電刷子を用いたスタータモータは、高速化及び高電流密度化により火花の発生が著しく、この火花により整流子表面に黒化皮膜が生成して凹凸及び荒れが生じると共に、接触電圧降下及び電刷子の摩耗の増大が生じやすい。
　このような問題点を解消する方策として、特公昭６０－０１３３８２公報には、電刷子に炭化珪素等の硬質研磨物質を添加し、整流子表面へのクリーニング作用を付与する方法が開示されている。 However, in the starter motor using the electric brush as shown above, sparks are remarkably generated due to the high speed and high current density, and these sparks form a blackening film on the commutator surface, which causes unevenness and roughness. , Contact voltage drop and increased wear of the electric brush are likely to occur.
As a measure for solving such a problem, Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-013382 discloses a method of adding a hard polishing substance such as silicon carbide to an electric brush to impart a cleaning action to the commutator surface. ..
　一方、特許２５７０８８８号には、電刷子に硬質研磨性物質として炭化ホウ素を添加し、整流子表面へのクリーニング作用を付与する方法が開示されている。
　さらに、特開２００４－１１９２０３号公報には、電刷子に銅－マンガン合金を添加し、整流子表面へのクリーニング作用を付与する方法が開示されている。 On the other hand, Japanese Patent No. 2570888 discloses a method of adding boron carbide as a hard abrasive substance to an electric brush to impart a cleaning action to the commutator surface.
Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-119203 discloses a method of adding a copper-manganese alloy to an electric brush to impart a cleaning action to the commutator surface.
　特公昭６０－０１３３８２公報に開示されている硬質研磨性物質を添加した電刷子は、クリーニング作用が強いため硬質研磨性物質の最適な添加量及び粒径の選定が困難であるという問題点がある。特に大電流を流す自動車のスタータモータに電刷子を適用するには、硬質研磨性物質の最適な添加量及び粒径の選定が困難である。即ち、硬質研磨性物質の添加量と粒径が大きい場合、高温で整流子表面が軟化した等の場合には、添加した硬質研磨性物質により整流子表面が摩耗し荒損して、条痕及び凹凸が発生し、これによりモータの出力劣化、接触電圧降下の増大、電刷子摩耗の増加等の問題が生ずる場合がある。
　また、特許２５７０８８８号に記載の方法では、黒化皮膜が生成し、凹凸及び荒れが生じると共に、接触電圧降下及び電刷子摩耗が増大する問題が生ずる場合がある。
　また、特開２００４－１１９２０３号公報に記載の方法では、黒化皮膜が生成し、凹凸及び荒れが生じると共に、接触電圧降下及び電刷子摩耗が増大する問題が生ずる場合がある。 The electric brush to which a hard abrasive substance is added disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-013382 has a problem that it is difficult to select the optimum addition amount and particle size of the hard abrasive substance because of its strong cleaning action. .. In particular, in order to apply an electric brush to a starter motor of an automobile that carries a large current, it is difficult to select the optimum addition amount and particle size of a hard abrasive substance. That is, when the amount and particle size of the hard abrasive substance added is large, or when the commutator surface softens at high temperature, the commutator surface is worn and damaged by the added hard abrasive substance, resulting in streaks and scratches. Unevenness may occur, which may cause problems such as deterioration of motor output, increase of contact voltage drop, and increase of electric brush wear.
Further, in the method described in Japanese Patent No. 2570888, a blackened film may be formed, unevenness and roughness may occur, and problems such as a contact voltage drop and an increase in brush wear may occur.
Further, in the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-119203, a blackened film may be formed, unevenness and roughness may occur, and problems such as a contact voltage drop and an increase in brush wear may occur.
　本開示の一形態は上記従来の事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、接触電圧降下を低減し、電刷子自体の摩耗を低減して耐久性に優れた電刷子を形成可能な金属黒鉛質材料、及び、この金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成された電刷子を提供することを目的とする。 One form of the present disclosure is made in view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, and is a metallic graphitic material capable of reducing a contact voltage drop, reducing wear of the electric brush itself, and forming an electric brush having excellent durability. And, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electric brush formed by using this metallic graphitic material.
　前記課題を達成するための具体的手段は以下の通りである。
　　＜１＞　銅及び銀の少なくとも一方と、樹脂処理黒鉛とを主成分とし、
　さらに、０．２質量％～５質量％の固体潤滑剤と、０．２質量％～５質量％の亜鉛と、０．０３質量％～２質量％の炭化ホウ素と、０．１質量％～３質量％の銅－マンガン合金と、０．２質量％～４質量％のリン－銅合金と、を含有する金属黒鉛質材料。
　　＜２＞　前記樹脂処理黒鉛と前記銅及び前記銀の合計量との質量基準の含有比率（樹脂処理黒鉛：銅及び銀の合計量）が、９０：１０～２０：８０である＜１＞に記載の金属黒鉛質材料。
　　＜３＞　前記樹脂処理黒鉛が、フェノール樹脂を含む＜１＞又は＜２＞に記載の金属黒鉛質材料。
　　＜４＞　＜１＞～＜３＞のいずれか１項に記載の金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成された電刷子。
　　＜５＞　スタータモータ用電刷子として用いられる＜４＞に記載の電刷子。 Specific means for achieving the above-mentioned problems are as follows.
<1> Main components are at least one of copper and silver and resin-treated graphite.
Further, 0.2% by mass to 5% by mass of solid lubricant, 0.2% by mass to 5% by mass of zinc, 0.03% by mass to 2% by mass of boron carbide, and 0.1% by mass to 0.1% by mass. A metallic graphite material containing 3% by mass of a copper-manganese alloy and 0.2% by mass to 4% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy.
<2> The mass-based content ratio of the resin-treated graphite to the total amount of copper and silver (resin-treated graphite: total amount of copper and silver) is 90:10 to 20:80 in <1>. The metallic graphitic material of the description.
<3> The metallic graphitic material according to <1> or <2>, wherein the resin-treated graphite contains a phenol resin.
<4> An electric brush formed by using the metallic graphitic material according to any one of <1> to <3>.
<5> The electric brush according to <4> used as an electric brush for a starter motor.
　本開示の一形態によれば、接触電圧降下を低減し、電刷子自体の摩耗を低減して耐久性に優れた電刷子を形成可能な金属黒鉛質材料、及び、この金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成された電刷子を提供することができる。 According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a metallic graphite material capable of reducing a contact voltage drop, reducing wear of the electric brush itself to form a highly durable electric brush, and using this metallic graphite material. It is possible to provide an electric brush formed by the above.
　以下、本開示を実施するための形態について詳細に説明する。但し、本開示は以下の実施形態に限定されるものではない。以下の実施形態において、その構成要素（要素ステップ等も含む）は、特に明示した場合を除き、必須ではない。数値及びその範囲についても同様であり、本開示を制限するものではない。 Hereinafter, the mode for implementing the present disclosure will be described in detail. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments. In the following embodiments, the components (including element steps and the like) are not essential unless otherwise specified. The same applies to the numerical values and their ranges, and does not limit this disclosure.
　本開示において「工程」との語には、他の工程から独立した工程に加え、他の工程と明確に区別できない場合であってもその工程の目的が達成されれば、当該工程も含まれる。
　本開示において「～」を用いて示された数値範囲には、「～」の前後に記載される数値がそれぞれ最小値及び最大値として含まれる。
　本開示中に段階的に記載されている数値範囲において、一つの数値範囲で記載された上限値又は下限値は、他の段階的な記載の数値範囲の上限値又は下限値に置き換えてもよい。また、本開示中に記載されている数値範囲において、その数値範囲の上限値又は下限値は、実施例に示されている値に置き換えてもよい。
　本開示において、各成分には、該当する物質が複数種含まれていてもよい。組成物中に各成分に該当する物質が複数種存在する場合、各成分の含有率又は含有量は、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する当該複数種の物質の合計の含有率又は含有量を意味する。
　本開示において、各成分に該当する粒子には、複数種の粒子が含まれていてもよい。組成物中に各成分に該当する粒子が複数種存在する場合、各成分の粒子径は、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する当該複数種の粒子の混合物についての値を意味する。
　本開示において「層」又は「膜」との語には、当該層又は膜が存在する領域を観察したときに、当該領域の全体に形成されている場合に加え、当該領域の一部にのみ形成されている場合も含まれる。 In the present disclosure, the term "process" includes, in addition to a process independent of other processes, the process as long as the purpose of the process is achieved even if it cannot be clearly distinguished from the other process. ..
In the present disclosure, the numerical range indicated by using "-" includes the numerical values before and after "-" as the minimum value and the maximum value, respectively.
In the numerical range described stepwise in the present disclosure, the upper limit value or the lower limit value described in one numerical range may be replaced with the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the numerical range described in another stepwise description. .. Further, in the numerical range described in the present disclosure, the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the numerical range may be replaced with the value shown in the examples.
In the present disclosure, each component may contain a plurality of applicable substances. When a plurality of substances corresponding to each component are present in the composition, the content or content of each component is the total content or content of the plurality of substances present in the composition unless otherwise specified. Means quantity.
In the present disclosure, the particles corresponding to each component may contain a plurality of types of particles. When a plurality of particles corresponding to each component are present in the composition, the particle size of each component means a value for a mixture of the plurality of particles present in the composition unless otherwise specified.
In the present disclosure, the term "layer" or "membrane" is used only in a part of the region, in addition to the case where the layer or the membrane is formed in the entire region when the region is observed. The case where it is formed is also included.
　本開示において、各粒子の平均粒子径は、レーザー回折法により測定される体積基準の粒度分布において小径側からの累積が５０％となるときの粒子径（Ｄ５０）である。 In the present disclosure, the average particle size of each particle is the particle size (D50) when the accumulation from the small diameter side is 50% in the volume-based particle size distribution measured by the laser diffraction method.
＜金属黒鉛質材料＞
　本開示の金属黒鉛質材料は、銅及び銀の少なくとも一方（以下、銅及び銀を併せて特定金属と称することがある。）と、樹脂処理黒鉛とを主成分とし、さらに、０．２質量％～５質量％の固体潤滑剤と、０．２質量％～５質量％の亜鉛と、０．０３質量％～２質量％の炭化ホウ素と、０．１質量％～３質量％の銅－マンガン合金と、０．２質量％～４質量％のリン－銅合金と、を含有する。本開示の金属黒鉛質材料は、必要に応じてその他の成分を含有してもよい。
　本開示の金属黒鉛質材料によれば、接触電圧降下を低減し、電刷子自体の摩耗を低減して耐久性に優れた電刷子を形成可能となる。
　以下、本開示の金属黒鉛質材料に含有される各種成分について詳細に説明する。
　本開示において、特定金属及び樹脂処理黒鉛を「主成分」として含有するとは、金属黒鉛質材料に占める特定金属及び樹脂処理黒鉛の合計量が、５０質量％以上であることをいう。
　また、本開示において特に明示した場合を除き、各成分の含有率は、金属黒鉛質材料全体に対する比率である。 <Metallic graphite material>
The metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains at least one of copper and silver (hereinafter, copper and silver may be collectively referred to as a specific metal) and resin-treated graphite as main components, and further has a mass of 0.2. % To 5% by mass of solid lubricant, 0.2% to 5% by mass of silver, 0.03% to 2% by mass of boron carbide, and 0.1% to 3% by mass of copper. It contains a manganese alloy and 0.2% by mass to 4% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy. The metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure may contain other components, if necessary.
According to the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure, it is possible to reduce the contact voltage drop, reduce the wear of the electric brush itself, and form an electric brush having excellent durability.
Hereinafter, various components contained in the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure will be described in detail.
In the present disclosure, the inclusion of the specified metal and the resin-treated graphite as the "main component" means that the total amount of the specified metal and the resin-treated graphite in the metallic graphitic material is 50% by mass or more.
In addition, unless otherwise specified in the present disclosure, the content of each component is a ratio to the entire metallic graphitic material.
（特定金属）
　本開示の金属黒鉛質材料は、特定金属の少なくとも一方を含有する。特定金属は、金属粉の状態であることが好ましい。金属粉としては銅粉及び銀粉が挙げられ、製造コストの観点から銅粉が好ましく、電解銅粉であることがより好ましい。
　特定金属が金属粉である場合、金属粉の平均粒子径は、モータの出力向上及び機械的強度向上の点で、５μｍ～７５μｍであることが好ましく、１０μｍ～６０μｍであることがより好ましく、１５μｍ～５５μｍであることがさらに好ましい。 (Specific metal)
The metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains at least one of a specific metal. The specific metal is preferably in the form of metal powder. Examples of the metal powder include copper powder and silver powder, and copper powder is preferable from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost, and electrolytic copper powder is more preferable.
When the specific metal is a metal powder, the average particle size of the metal powder is preferably 5 μm to 75 μm, more preferably 10 μm to 60 μm, and more preferably 15 μm in terms of improving the output of the motor and improving the mechanical strength. It is more preferably ~ 55 μm.
　金属粉の表面は、樹脂で被覆されていてもよい。被覆用の樹脂は、金属黒鉛質材料を用いて電刷子としたときに、電刷子性能に問題が生じなければ特に制限はない。
　被覆用の樹脂としては、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、フラン樹脂、尿素樹脂、メラミン樹脂等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、エポキシ樹脂又はフェノール樹脂を用いることが好ましい。
　金属粉の表面を樹脂で被覆する手段としては特に制限はなく、被覆用の樹脂を塗布、吹き付け、浸漬又は含浸させることにより金属粉の表面に樹脂を被覆することができる。これらの中では、より安定した被覆状態になる点で、含浸させる方法で被覆することが好ましい。樹脂量としては、金属粉の質量に対して、０．０５質量％～５質量％であることが好ましく、０．１質量％～３質量％であることがより好ましい。被覆率が０．０５質量％以上の場合、金属粉が樹脂で十分に被覆されて金属粉の酸化が抑制される傾向にある。また被覆率が５質量％以下の場合、金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成された電刷子の抵抗が低く抑えられる傾向にある。 The surface of the metal powder may be coated with a resin. The resin for coating is not particularly limited as long as there is no problem in the performance of the electric brush when the metal graphite material is used as the electric brush.
Examples of the resin for coating include epoxy resin, phenol resin, furan resin, urea resin, melamine resin and the like. Among these, it is preferable to use an epoxy resin or a phenol resin.
The means for coating the surface of the metal powder with the resin is not particularly limited, and the surface of the metal powder can be coated with the resin by applying, spraying, dipping or impregnating the resin for coating. Among these, it is preferable to coat by the impregnation method in terms of obtaining a more stable coating state. The amount of the resin is preferably 0.05% by mass to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.1% by mass to 3% by mass, based on the mass of the metal powder. When the coverage is 0.05% by mass or more, the metal powder is sufficiently covered with the resin and the oxidation of the metal powder tends to be suppressed. Further, when the coverage is 5% by mass or less, the resistance of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphitic material tends to be suppressed to a low level.
　金属黒鉛質材料において、特定金属の含有率（銅及び銀が併用されている場合には、銅及び銀の合計の含有率）は、特に制限されない。良好な導電性を発現する観点からは、特定金属の含有率は、金属黒鉛質材料の総質量に対して、７０質量％以下であることが好ましく、６０質量％以下であることがより好ましく、５５質量％以下であることがさらに好ましい。特定金属の配合量を抑え、かつ必要な導電性を発現する観点からは、特定金属の含有率は、金属黒鉛質材料の総質量に対して２０質量％以上であることが好ましい。 In the metallic graphitic material, the content of the specific metal (when copper and silver are used in combination, the total content of copper and silver) is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of exhibiting good conductivity, the content of the specific metal is preferably 70% by mass or less, more preferably 60% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the metallic graphite material. It is more preferably 55% by mass or less. From the viewpoint of suppressing the blending amount of the specific metal and exhibiting the required conductivity, the content of the specific metal is preferably 20% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the metallic graphite material.
　金属黒鉛質材料において、樹脂処理黒鉛と特定金属の合計量との質量基準の含有比率（樹脂処理黒鉛：特定金属の合計量）は、電刷子としての性能、必要とされる電刷子の強度等の観点から、９０：１０～２０：８０であることが好ましく、７０：３０～２５：７５であることがより好ましく、６０：４０～３０：７０であることがさらに好ましい。 In metallic graphitic materials, the mass-based content ratio (resin-treated graphite: total amount of specific metal) between the total amount of resin-treated graphite and specific metal is the performance as an electric brush, the required strength of the electric brush, etc. From the viewpoint of the above, 90:10 to 20:80 is preferable, 70:30 to 25:75 is more preferable, and 60:40 to 30:70 is even more preferable.
（樹脂処理黒鉛）
　本開示の金属黒鉛質材料は、樹脂処理黒鉛を含有する。金属黒鉛質材料が樹脂処理黒鉛を含有することにより、電刷子強度向上による電刷子摩耗量を低減することができる。 (Resin-treated graphite)
The metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains resin-treated graphite. Since the metallic graphitic material contains resin-treated graphite, it is possible to reduce the amount of electric brush wear due to the improvement of the electric brush strength.
　樹脂処理黒鉛は、例えば、黒鉛及びバインダ樹脂を含有する組成物を混練した後、造粒することで得られる。混練方法としては、通常の方法を用いることができる。組成物は、必要に応じて後述の固体潤滑剤、硬化剤、可塑剤等を含有していてもよい。 Resin-treated graphite can be obtained, for example, by kneading a composition containing graphite and a binder resin and then granulating the composition. As the kneading method, a usual method can be used. The composition may contain a solid lubricant, a curing agent, a plasticizer and the like described later, if necessary.
　樹脂処理黒鉛の原料として用いられる黒鉛の種類は特に制限されず、天然黒鉛であっても、人造黒鉛であってもよい。中でも、結晶の発達した潤滑性により優れる天然黒鉛が好ましい。黒鉛は、１種のみを用いても、２種以上を併用してもよい。 The type of graphite used as a raw material for the resin-treated graphite is not particularly limited, and may be natural graphite or artificial graphite. Of these, natural graphite, which is superior in lubricity with developed crystals, is preferable. As for graphite, only one kind may be used, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
　樹脂処理黒鉛の原料として用いられるバインダ樹脂は特に限定されず、フェノール樹脂、フラン樹脂、尿素樹脂、メラミン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、バインダ樹脂としてはフェノール樹脂が好ましい。バインダ樹脂としてフェノール樹脂を用いることで、フェノール樹脂を含む樹脂処理黒鉛が得られる。
　フェノール樹脂は、レゾール樹脂であってもノボラック樹脂であってもよく、レゾール樹脂とノボラック樹脂とを混合して用いてもよい。レゾール樹脂及びノボラック樹脂は、液状、固形状、粉状等いずれの状態のものを用いても差し支えない。 The binder resin used as a raw material for the resin-treated graphite is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include phenol resin, furan resin, urea resin, melamine resin, and epoxy resin. Among these, a phenol resin is preferable as the binder resin. By using a phenol resin as the binder resin, resin-treated graphite containing the phenol resin can be obtained.
The phenol resin may be a resol resin or a novolak resin, or a resol resin and a novolak resin may be mixed and used. The resol resin and the novolak resin may be in any state such as liquid, solid, and powder.
　バインダ樹脂としてフェノール樹脂が用いられる場合、樹脂処理黒鉛に求められる特性に応じて、各種変性剤で変性された変性フェノール樹脂を用いることができる。変性フェノール樹脂としては、レゾルシン変性フェノール樹脂、クレゾール変性フェノール樹脂、アルキル変性フェノール樹脂、カシュー変性フェノール樹脂、芳香族炭化水素樹脂変性フェノール樹脂、メラミン変性フェノール樹脂、油変性フェノール樹脂、フラン変性フェノール樹脂、ロジン変性フェノール樹脂、テルペン変性フェノール樹脂等が挙げられる。 When a phenol resin is used as the binder resin, a modified phenol resin modified with various modifiers can be used according to the characteristics required for the resin-treated graphite. Examples of the modified phenol resin include resorsin-modified phenol resin, cresol-modified phenol resin, alkyl-modified phenol resin, cashew-modified phenol resin, aromatic hydrocarbon resin-modified phenol resin, melamine-modified phenol resin, oil-modified phenol resin, furan-modified phenol resin, and the like. Examples thereof include rosin-modified phenolic resin and terpene-modified phenolic resin.
　樹脂処理黒鉛に占める黒鉛の含有率は、電刷子に使用した際の性能及び材料強度の観点から、５０質量％～９５質量％であることが好ましく、６０質量％～９０質量％であることがより好ましく、７０質量％～８５質量％であることがさらに好ましい。 The content of graphite in the resin-treated graphite is preferably 50% by mass to 95% by mass, preferably 60% by mass to 90% by mass, from the viewpoint of performance and material strength when used in an electric brush. It is more preferably 70% by mass to 85% by mass.
　黒鉛の平均粒子径については特に制限はない。黒鉛の平均粒子径は、１０μｍ～４００μｍであることが好ましく、１５μｍ～３００μｍであることがより好ましく、２０μｍ～２００μｍであることがさらに好ましい。
　また、樹脂処理黒鉛の平均粒子径は特に制限されず、２０μｍ～７５０μｍであることが好ましく、３０μｍ～５００μｍであることがより好ましい。 There is no particular limitation on the average particle size of graphite. The average particle size of graphite is preferably 10 μm to 400 μm, more preferably 15 μm to 300 μm, and even more preferably 20 μm to 200 μm.
The average particle size of the resin-treated graphite is not particularly limited, and is preferably 20 μm to 750 μm, more preferably 30 μm to 500 μm.
　また、樹脂処理黒鉛としては、平均粒子径が異なる２種以上の樹脂処理黒鉛を組み合わせて用いてもよい。例えば、平均粒子径が２００μｍを超えている樹脂処理黒鉛と、平均粒子径が２００μｍ以下の樹脂処理黒鉛とを組み合わせてもよい。この場合、比抵抗の観点からは、平均粒子径が２００μｍを超えている樹脂処理黒鉛の割合が樹脂処理黒鉛全体の２５質量％～７５質量％であることが好ましく、３０質量％～７０質量％であることがより好ましく、３５質量％～６５質量％であることがさらに好ましい。 Further, as the resin-treated graphite, two or more kinds of resin-treated graphite having different average particle diameters may be used in combination. For example, a resin-treated graphite having an average particle diameter of more than 200 μm and a resin-treated graphite having an average particle diameter of 200 μm or less may be combined. In this case, from the viewpoint of specific resistance, the proportion of the resin-treated graphite having an average particle diameter of more than 200 μm is preferably 25% by mass to 75% by mass, and 30% by mass to 70% by mass of the whole resin-treated graphite. Is more preferable, and 35% by mass to 65% by mass is further preferable.
（固体潤滑剤）
　本開示の金属黒鉛質材料は、固体潤滑剤を含有する。金属黒鉛質材料中の固体潤滑剤の含有率は、０．２質量％～５質量％とされ、１質量％～４質量％であることが好ましく、１．５質量％～３．５質量％であることがより好ましい。
　固体潤滑剤は金属黒鉛質材料中に含有されていればよく、樹脂処理黒鉛を被覆する組成物中に含有されていてもよいし、当該組成物中に含有されていなくてもよい。
　固体潤滑剤としては、潤滑性の観点から、二硫化モリブデン、二硫化タングステン等の金属硫化物固体潤滑剤、窒化ホウ素等が好ましく、これらの中でも金属硫化物固体潤滑剤がより好ましく、二硫化モリブデンがさらに好ましい。
　固体潤滑剤として金属硫化物固体潤滑剤を用いる場合、金属硫化物固体潤滑剤の平均粒子径は特に限定されるものではなく、０．５μｍ～５０μｍであることが好ましく、３μｍ～４０μｍであることがより好ましい。 (Solid lubricant)
The metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains a solid lubricant. The content of the solid lubricant in the metallic graphite material is 0.2% by mass to 5% by mass, preferably 1% by mass to 4% by mass, and 1.5% by mass to 3.5% by mass. Is more preferable.
The solid lubricant may be contained in the metallic graphite material, may be contained in the composition for coating the resin-treated graphite, or may not be contained in the composition.
As the solid lubricant, metal sulfide solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide and tungsten disulfide, boron nitride and the like are preferable from the viewpoint of lubricity, and among these, the metal sulfide solid lubricant is more preferable, and molybdenum disulfide is more preferable. Is even more preferable.
When a metal sulfide solid lubricant is used as the solid lubricant, the average particle size of the metal sulfide solid lubricant is not particularly limited, and is preferably 0.5 μm to 50 μm, preferably 3 μm to 40 μm. Is more preferable.
（亜鉛）
　本開示の金属黒鉛質材料は、亜鉛を含有する。金属黒鉛質材料中の亜鉛の含有率は、０．２質量％～５質量％とされ、０．３質量％～４質量％であることが好ましく、１質量％～３．５質量％であることがより好ましい。亜鉛の含有率が０．２質量％以上であれば、金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成された電刷子を備える電動機の出力低下を抑制できる傾向にある。一方、亜鉛の含有率が５質量％以下であれば、金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成された電刷子の寿命を長くすることができ、整流子の摩耗及び荒れの発生を抑制できる傾向にある。
　亜鉛の粒径に制限はない。亜鉛の平均粒子径は、１μｍ～１００μｍであることが好ましく、１０μｍ～６０μｍであることがより好ましい。 (zinc)
The metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains zinc. The content of zinc in the metallic graphite material is 0.2% by mass to 5% by mass, preferably 0.3% by mass to 4% by mass, and 1% by mass to 3.5% by mass. Is more preferable. When the zinc content is 0.2% by mass or more, it tends to be possible to suppress a decrease in the output of an electric motor provided with an electric brush formed by using a metallic graphite material. On the other hand, when the zinc content is 5% by mass or less, the life of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphite material can be extended, and the commutator wear and the occurrence of roughness tend to be suppressed. ..
There is no limit to the particle size of zinc. The average particle size of zinc is preferably 1 μm to 100 μm, more preferably 10 μm to 60 μm.
（炭化ホウ素）
　本開示の金属黒鉛質材料は、炭化ホウ素を含有する。金属黒鉛質材料中の炭化ホウ素の含有率は、０．０３質量％～２質量％とされ、０．０５質量％～２質量％であることが好ましく、０．１質量％～２質量％であることがより好ましい。炭化ホウ素の含有率が０．０３質量％以上であれば、金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成された電刷子の摩耗低減効果が向上する傾向にある。また、炭化ホウ素の含有率が２質量％以下であれば、金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成された電刷子の摩耗を低減でき、整流子の摩耗及び荒れの発生を抑制できる傾向にある。炭化ホウ素の粒径は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、平均粒子径が１μｍ～１００μｍであることが好ましく、１０μｍ～５０μｍであることがより好ましい。炭化ホウ素における炭素原子及びホウ素原子の成分比率については、特に制限はない。 (Boron carbide)
The metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains boron carbide. The content of boron carbide in the metallic graphite material is 0.03% by mass to 2% by mass, preferably 0.05% by mass to 2% by mass, and 0.1% by mass to 2% by mass. It is more preferable to have. When the content of boron carbide is 0.03% by mass or more, the wear reducing effect of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphitic material tends to be improved. Further, when the content of boron carbide is 2% by mass or less, the wear of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphite material can be reduced, and the wear of the commutator and the occurrence of roughness tend to be suppressed. The particle size of boron carbide is not particularly limited, and for example, the average particle size is preferably 1 μm to 100 μm, and more preferably 10 μm to 50 μm. There is no particular limitation on the composition ratio of carbon atom and boron atom in boron carbide.
（銅－マンガン合金）
　本開示の金属黒鉛質材料は、銅－マンガン合金を含有する。金属黒鉛質材料中の銅－マンガン合金の含有率は、０．１質量％～３質量％とされ、０．２質量％～３質量％であることが好ましく、０．５質量％～２．５質量％であることがより好ましい。銅－マンガン合金の含有率が０．１質量％以上であれば、金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成された電刷子の摩耗低減効果が向上する傾向にある。銅－マンガン合金の含有率が３質量％以下であれば、金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成された電刷子の摩耗を低減でき、整流子の摩耗及び荒れの発生を抑制できる傾向にある。銅－マンガン合金の粒径は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、平均粒子径が１μｍ～３０μｍであることが好ましく、５μｍ～２０μｍであることがより好ましい。銅－マンガン合金における銅原子及びマンガン原子の成分比率については特に制限はない。 (Copper-manganese alloy)
The metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains a copper-manganese alloy. The content of the copper-manganese alloy in the metallic graphite material is 0.1% by mass to 3% by mass, preferably 0.2% by mass to 3% by mass, and 0.5% by mass to 2. It is more preferably 5% by mass. When the content of the copper-manganese alloy is 0.1% by mass or more, the wear reducing effect of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphitic material tends to be improved. When the content of the copper-manganese alloy is 3% by mass or less, the wear of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphite material can be reduced, and the wear of the commutator and the occurrence of roughness tend to be suppressed. The particle size of the copper-manganese alloy is not particularly limited, and for example, the average particle size is preferably 1 μm to 30 μm, and more preferably 5 μm to 20 μm. There is no particular limitation on the composition ratio of copper atoms and manganese atoms in the copper-manganese alloy.
（リン－銅合金）
　本開示の金属黒鉛質材料は、リン－銅合金を含有する。金属黒鉛質材料中のリン－銅合金の含有率は、０．２質量％～４質量％とされ、０．２質量％～３質量％であることが好ましく、０．５質量％～３質量％であることがより好ましい。リン－銅合金の含有率が０．２質量％以上であれば、金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成された電刷子の摩耗低減効果が向上する傾向にある。リン－銅合金の含有率が４質量％以下であれば、金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成された電刷子の摩耗を低減でき、整流子の摩耗及び荒れの発生を抑制できる傾向にある。リン－銅合金の粒径は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、平均粒子径が５μｍ～１００μｍであることが好ましく、３０μｍ～９０μｍであることがより好ましい。リン－銅合金におけるリン原子及び銅原子の成分比率については特に制限はない。 (Phosphor-copper alloy)
The metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains a phosphorus-copper alloy. The content of the phosphorus-copper alloy in the metallic graphite material is 0.2% by mass to 4% by mass, preferably 0.2% by mass to 3% by mass, and 0.5% by mass to 3% by mass. % Is more preferable. When the content of the phosphorus-copper alloy is 0.2% by mass or more, the wear reducing effect of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphitic material tends to be improved. When the content of the phosphorus-copper alloy is 4% by mass or less, the wear of the electric brush formed by using the metallic graphite material can be reduced, and the wear of the commutator and the occurrence of roughness tend to be suppressed. The particle size of the phosphorus-copper alloy is not particularly limited, and for example, the average particle size is preferably 5 μm to 100 μm, and more preferably 30 μm to 90 μm. There is no particular limitation on the component ratio of phosphorus atom and copper atom in the phosphorus-copper alloy.
（その他の成分）
　本開示の金属黒鉛質材料に必要に応じて含有されるその他の成分としては、離型剤等が挙げられる。 (Other ingredients)
Examples of other components contained in the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure as required include a mold release agent and the like.
　離型剤としては、流動パラフィン、パラフィンワックス、合成ポリエチレンワックス、ステアリン酸、ステアリン酸亜鉛、ステアリン酸アルミニウム、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸アミド、オレイン酸アミド、エルカ酸アミド、メチレンビスステアリン酸アミド、エチレンビスステアリン酸アミド、ステアリン酸モノグリセリド、ステアリルステアレート、硬化油等が挙げられる。離型剤は１種のみを用いても、２種以上を併用してもよい。 As the release agent, liquid paraffin, paraffin wax, synthetic polyethylene wax, stearic acid, zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, stearic acid amide, oleic acid amide, erucic acid amide, methylene bisstearic acid. Examples thereof include amide, ethylene bisstearic acid amide, stearic acid monoglyceride, stearyl stearate, and hardened oil. Only one type of release agent may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
　本開示の金属黒鉛質材料が離型剤を含有する場合、離型剤の含有率は０．０１質量％～１．５質量％であってよい。 When the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure contains a mold release agent, the content of the mold release agent may be 0.01% by mass to 1.5% by mass.
＜電刷子＞
　本開示の電刷子は、本開示の金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成されたものであってもよく、本開示の金属黒鉛質材料を構成する各成分を用いて形成されたものであってもよい。本開示の電刷子は、整流子表面の荒損を抑えつつ整流子表面に生成する黒化皮膜の量を低減することで接触電圧降下を抑えることができ、さらに、モータ出力に優れる。電刷子は、例えば、スタータモータ用電刷子として用いられる。 <Electric brush>
The electric brush of the present disclosure may be formed by using the metallic graphitic material of the present disclosure, or may be formed by using each component constituting the metallic graphite material of the present disclosure. good. The electric brush of the present disclosure can suppress the contact voltage drop by reducing the amount of the blackening film formed on the commutator surface while suppressing the roughness of the commutator surface, and is excellent in motor output. The electric brush is used, for example, as an electric brush for a starter motor.
　本開示の電刷子は、本開示の金属黒鉛質材料を２００ＭＰａ～４００ＭＰａ程度の圧力で成形プレスし、その後、還元性雰囲気で焼結（例えば、６００℃～８００℃で１時間～１０時間）し、所定の形状及び寸法に機械加工することで製造してもよい。 In the electric brush of the present disclosure, the metallic graphite material of the present disclosure is formed and pressed at a pressure of about 200 MPa to 400 MPa, and then sintered in a reducing atmosphere (for example, at 600 ° C. to 800 ° C. for 1 hour to 10 hours). , May be manufactured by machining to a predetermined shape and size.
　また、本開示の電刷子は、本開示の金属黒鉛質材料を構成する特定金属、樹脂処理黒鉛、固体潤滑剤、亜鉛、炭化ホウ素、銅－マンガン合金及びリン－銅合金、並びに、必要に応じて用いられる離型剤等のその他の成分を混合機で均一に混合した後、２００ＭＰａ～４００ＭＰａ程度の圧力で成形プレスし、その後、水素等を含む還元性雰囲気で焼結（例えば、６００℃～８００℃で１時間～１０時間）し、所定の形状及び寸法に機械加工することで製造してもよい。 Further, the electric brush of the present disclosure includes specific metals constituting the metallic graphite material of the present disclosure, resin-treated graphite, solid lubricant, zinc, boron carbide, copper-manganese alloy and phosphorus-copper alloy, and if necessary. After uniformly mixing other components such as the mold release agent used in the above with a mixer, molding and pressing are performed at a pressure of about 200 MPa to 400 MPa, and then sintering is performed in a reducing atmosphere containing hydrogen or the like (for example, 600 ° C. to 600 ° C.). It may be manufactured by machining at 800 ° C. for 1 to 10 hours) and machining it into a predetermined shape and size.
　以下、実施例及び比較例によって本開示を具体的に説明するが、本開示はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be specifically described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to these Examples.
［比較例１］
　平均粒子径が３５μｍの天然黒鉛８０質量％及びフェノール樹脂２０質量％を配合し、混合した後７０℃で１０時間硬化させ、粉砕して粒子径が３００μｍ以下の樹脂処理黒鉛を得た。 [Comparative Example 1]
80% by mass of natural graphite having an average particle size of 35 μm and 20% by mass of a phenol resin were mixed, mixed, cured at 70 ° C. for 10 hours, and pulverized to obtain resin-treated graphite having a particle size of 300 μm or less.
　次に、この樹脂処理黒鉛４９．６３質量％、平均粒子径が３５μｍの電解銅粉５０質量％、平均粒子径が５μｍの二硫化モリブデン０．１質量％、平均粒子径が１５μｍの銅－マンガン合金０．０５質量％、平均粒子径が７０μｍのリン－銅合金０．１質量％、平均粒子径が２０μｍの炭化ホウ素０．０２質量％及び平均粒子径が３０μｍの亜鉛０．１質量％を秤量し、Ｖ型混合機で均一に混合し、全成分を均一に分散した混合粉を得た。 Next, this resin-treated graphite 49.63% by mass, 50% by mass of electrolytic copper powder having an average particle size of 35 μm, 0.1% by mass of molybdenum disulfide having an average particle size of 5 μm, and copper-manganese having an average particle size of 15 μm. 0.05% by mass of alloy, 0.1% by mass of phosphorus-copper alloy with an average particle size of 70 μm, 0.02% by mass of boron carbide with an average particle size of 20 μm, and 0.1% by mass of zinc with an average particle size of 30 μm. Weighed and mixed uniformly with a V-type mixer to obtain a mixed powder in which all the components were uniformly dispersed.
　その後、得られた混合粉を銅撚り線のピグテールつき成形プレスで、３９２ＭＰａの成形圧力で成形し、水素を含む還元性雰囲気中で７００℃まで３時間で昇温し、７００℃で１時間保持して熱処理した。次いで所定の形状に機械加工して電刷子を得た。 Then, the obtained mixed powder was molded by a molding press with a copper stranded wire with a pigtail at a molding pressure of 392 MPa, heated to 700 ° C. in a reducing atmosphere containing hydrogen in 3 hours, and held at 700 ° C. for 1 hour. And heat-treated. Then, it was machined into a predetermined shape to obtain an electric brush.
［実施例１］
　樹脂処理黒鉛４１．５質量％、平均粒子径が３５μｍの電解銅粉５０質量％、平均粒子径が５μｍの二硫化モリブデン２質量％、平均粒子径が１５μｍの銅－マンガン合金２質量％、平均粒子径が７０μｍのリン－銅合金２質量％、平均粒子径が２０μｍの炭化ホウ素０．５質量％及び平均粒子径が３０μｍの亜鉛２質量％を秤量し、以下比較例１と同様の工程を経て電刷子を得た。 [Example 1]
Resin-treated graphite 41.5% by mass, electrolytic copper powder with an average particle size of 35 μm 50% by mass, molybdenum disulfide 2% by mass with an average particle size of 5 μm, copper-manganese alloy with an average particle size of 15 μm 2% by mass, average Weigh 2% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy having a particle size of 70 μm, 0.5% by mass of boron carbide having an average particle size of 20 μm, and 2% by mass of zinc having an average particle size of 30 μm. After that, I got an electric brush.
［実施例２］
　樹脂処理黒鉛４１質量％、平均粒子径が３５μｍの電解銅粉５０質量％、平均粒子径が５μｍの二硫化モリブデン３質量％、平均粒子径が１５μｍの銅－マンガン合金１質量％、平均粒子径が７０μｍのリン－銅合金１質量％、平均粒子径が２０μｍの炭化ホウ素１質量％及び平均粒子径が３０μｍの亜鉛３質量％を秤量し、以下比較例１と同様の工程を経て電刷子を得た。 [Example 2]
Resin-treated graphite 41% by mass, electrolytic copper powder with an average particle size of 35 μm 50% by mass, molybdenum disulfide 3% by mass with an average particle size of 5 μm, copper-manganese alloy with an average particle size of 15 μm 1% by mass, average particle size Weighs 1% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy having a particle size of 70 μm, 1% by mass of boron carbide having an average particle size of 20 μm, and 3% by mass of zinc having an average particle size of 30 μm. Obtained.
［実施例３］
　樹脂処理黒鉛３８質量％、平均粒子径が３５μｍの電解銅粉５０質量％、平均粒子径が５μｍの二硫化モリブデン３質量％、平均粒子径が１５μｍの銅－マンガン合金２質量％、平均粒子径が７０μｍのリン－銅合金２質量％、平均粒子径が２０μｍの炭化ホウ素２質量％及び平均粒子径が３０μｍの亜鉛３質量％を秤量し、以下比較例１と同様の工程を経て電刷子を得た。 [Example 3]
Resin-treated graphite 38% by mass, electrolytic copper powder 50% by mass with an average particle size of 35 μm, molybdenum disulfide 3% by mass with an average particle size of 5 μm, copper-manganese alloy 2% by mass with an average particle size of 15 μm, average particle size Weighs 2% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy having a particle size of 70 μm, 2% by mass of boron carbide having an average particle size of 20 μm, and 3% by mass of zinc having an average particle size of 30 μm. Obtained.
［実施例４］
　樹脂処理黒鉛３７質量％、平均粒子径が３５μｍの電解銅粉５０質量％、平均粒子径が５μｍの二硫化モリブデン４質量％、平均粒子径が１５μｍの銅－マンガン合金３質量％、平均粒子径が７０μｍのリン－銅合金１質量％、平均粒子径が２０μｍの炭化ホウ素１質量％及び平均粒子径が３０μｍの亜鉛４質量％を秤量し、以下比較例１と同様の工程を経て電刷子を得た。 [Example 4]
Resin-treated graphite 37% by mass, electrolytic copper powder with an average particle size of 35 μm 50% by mass, molybdenum disulfide 4% by mass with an average particle size of 5 μm, copper-manganese alloy with an average particle size of 15 μm 3% by mass, average particle size Weighs 1% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy having a particle size of 70 μm, 1% by mass of boron carbide having an average particle size of 20 μm, and 4% by mass of zinc having an average particle size of 30 μm. Obtained.
［比較例２］
　樹脂処理黒鉛２６質量％、平均粒子径が３５μｍの電解銅粉５０質量％、平均粒子径が５μｍの二硫化モリブデン６質量％、平均粒子径が１５μｍの銅－マンガン合金４質量％、平均粒子径が７０μｍのリン－銅合金５質量％、平均粒子径が２０μｍの炭化ホウ素３質量％及び平均粒子径が３０μｍの亜鉛６質量％を秤量し、以下比較例１と同様の工程を経て電刷子を得た。 [Comparative Example 2]
Resin-treated graphite 26% by mass, electrolytic copper powder with an average particle size of 35 μm 50% by mass, molybdenum disulfide 6% by mass with an average particle size of 5 μm, copper-manganese alloy with an average particle size of 15 μm 4% by mass, average particle size Weighs 5% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy having a particle size of 70 μm, 3% by mass of boron carbide having an average particle size of 20 μm, and 6% by mass of zinc having an average particle size of 30 μm. Obtained.
［比較例３］
　樹脂処理黒鉛４５質量％、平均粒子径が３５μｍの電解銅粉５０質量％、平均粒子径が５μｍの二硫化モリブデン３質量％及び平均粒子径が３０μｍの鉛２質量％を秤量し、以下比較例１と同様の工程を経て電刷子を得た。 [Comparative Example 3]
Weighing 45% by mass of resin-treated graphite, 50% by mass of electrolytic copper powder having an average particle size of 35 μm, 3% by mass of molybdenum disulfide having an average particle size of 5 μm, and 2% by mass of lead having an average particle size of 30 μm, the following comparative examples An electric brush was obtained through the same steps as in 1.
［比較例４］
　樹脂処理黒鉛４５質量％、平均粒子径が３５μｍの電解銅粉５０質量％、平均粒子径が５μｍの二硫化モリブデン３質量％及び平均粒子径が１５μｍの銅－マンガン合金２質量％を秤量し、以下比較例１と同様の工程を経て電刷子を得た。 [Comparative Example 4]
Weigh 45% by mass of resin-treated graphite, 50% by mass of electrolytic copper powder having an average particle size of 35 μm, 3% by mass of molybdenum disulfide having an average particle size of 5 μm, and 2% by mass of a copper-manganese alloy having an average particle size of 15 μm. An electric brush was obtained through the same steps as in Comparative Example 1 below.
［比較例５］
　樹脂処理黒鉛４５質量％、平均粒子径が３５μｍの電解銅粉５０質量％、平均粒子径が５μｍの二硫化モリブデン３質量％及び平均粒子径が７０μｍのリン－銅合金２質量％を秤量し、以下比較例１と同様の工程を経て電刷子を得た。 [Comparative Example 5]
Weigh 45% by mass of resin-treated graphite, 50% by mass of electrolytic copper powder having an average particle size of 35 μm, 3% by mass of molybdenum disulfide having an average particle size of 5 μm, and 2% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy having an average particle size of 70 μm. An electric brush was obtained through the same steps as in Comparative Example 1 below.
［比較例６］
　樹脂処理黒鉛４４質量％、平均粒子径が３５μｍの電解銅粉５０質量％、平均粒子径が５μｍの二硫化モリブデン３質量％及び平均粒子径が３０μｍの亜鉛３質量％を秤量し、以下比較例１と同様の工程を経て電刷子を得た。 [Comparative Example 6]
Weighing 44% by mass of resin-treated graphite, 50% by mass of electrolytic copper powder having an average particle size of 35 μm, 3% by mass of molybdenum disulfide having an average particle size of 5 μm, and 3% by mass of zinc having an average particle size of 30 μm, the following comparative examples An electric brush was obtained through the same steps as in 1.
［比較例７］
　樹脂処理黒鉛４６質量％、平均粒子径が３５μｍの電解銅粉５０質量％、平均粒子径が５μｍの二硫化モリブデン３質量％及び平均粒子径が２０μｍの炭化ホウ素１質量％を秤量し、以下比較例１と同様の工程を経て電刷子を得た。 [Comparative Example 7]
Weigh 46% by mass of resin-treated graphite, 50% by mass of electrolytic copper powder having an average particle size of 35 μm, 3% by mass of molybdenum disulfide having an average particle size of 5 μm, and 1% by mass of boron carbide having an average particle size of 20 μm. An electric printer was obtained through the same process as in Example 1.
［試験例］
　実施例１～４及び比較例１～７で得られた電刷子に電流を通電し、摺動試験を実施した。試験条件は直径３０ｍｍのＣｕスリップリングを用い、通電電流３０Ａ／ｃｍ２、回転数１００００ｍｉｎ－１（ｒｐｍ）、バネ圧力２ｋｇ／ｃｍ２として２００時間摺動させ、試験後の接触電圧降下、電刷子摩耗量及びスリップリング表面粗さ（リング粗さ）を求めた。その結果を表１に示す。
　なお、電刷子摩耗量は摺動試験前後の電刷子の長さの変化量とした。
　スリップリング表面粗さ（リング粗さ）は、株式会社ミツトヨ製の表面粗さ測定機を用いて測定した。掃引距離は７ｍｍ、掃引速度は０．５ｍｍ／ｓ、掃引方向は摺動方向と直角とした。
　接触電圧降下は、摺動試験中における２個の電刷子間の電位差を測定した。 [Test example]
A sliding test was carried out by applying an electric current to the electric brushes obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7. The test conditions were a Cu slip ring with a diameter of 30 mm, a current of 30 A / cm 2 , a rotation speed of 10000 min -1 (rpm), a spring pressure of 2 kg / cm 2 , and sliding for 200 hours. The amount of wear and the surface roughness of the slip ring (ring roughness) were determined. The results are shown in Table 1.
The amount of electric brush wear was defined as the amount of change in the length of the electric brush before and after the sliding test.
The slip ring surface roughness (ring roughness) was measured using a surface roughness measuring machine manufactured by Mitutoyo Co., Ltd. The sweep distance was 7 mm, the sweep speed was 0.5 mm / s, and the sweep direction was perpendicular to the sliding direction.
The contact voltage drop was measured by measuring the potential difference between the two electric brushes during the sliding test.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
　表１に示されるように、実施例１～４の電刷子は、比較例１～７の電刷子に比較して接触電圧降下が低く、電刷子摩耗及び整流子摩耗（リング粗さ）を低減することが明らかである。 As shown in Table 1, the electric brushes of Examples 1 to 4 have a lower contact voltage drop than the electric brushes of Comparative Examples 1 to 7, and reduce electric brush wear and commutator wear (ring roughness). It is clear to do.
　実施例の電刷子は、接触電圧降下を低減し、電刷子自体の摩耗を低減する耐久性に優れた電刷子であり、工業的に極めて好適である。 The electric brush of the embodiment is an electric brush having excellent durability that reduces a contact voltage drop and reduces wear of the electric brush itself, and is extremely suitable industrially.
　本明細書に記載された全ての文献、特許出願、及び技術規格は、個々の文献、特許出願、及び技術規格が参照により取り込まれることが具体的かつ個々に記された場合と同程度に、本明細書中に参照により取り込まれる。 All documents, patent applications, and technical standards described herein are to the same extent as if the individual documents, patent applications, and technical standards were specifically and individually stated to be incorporated by reference. Incorporated by reference herein.

Claims (5)

  1. 　銅及び銀の少なくとも一方と、樹脂処理黒鉛とを主成分とし、
    　さらに、０．２質量％～５質量％の固体潤滑剤と、０．２質量％～５質量％の亜鉛と、０．０３質量％～２質量％の炭化ホウ素と、０．１質量％～３質量％の銅－マンガン合金と、０．２質量％～４質量％のリン－銅合金と、を含有する金属黒鉛質材料。     The main components are at least one of copper and silver and resin-treated graphite.
    Further, 0.2% by mass to 5% by mass of solid lubricant, 0.2% by mass to 5% by mass of zinc, 0.03% by mass to 2% by mass of boron carbide, and 0.1% by mass to 0.1% by mass. A metallic graphite material containing 3% by mass of a copper-manganese alloy and 0.2% by mass to 4% by mass of a phosphorus-copper alloy.
  2. 　前記樹脂処理黒鉛と前記銅及び前記銀の合計量との質量基準の含有比率（樹脂処理黒鉛：銅及び銀の合計量）が、９０：１０～２０：８０である請求項１に記載の金属黒鉛質材料。 The metal according to claim 1, wherein the mass-based content ratio (resin-treated graphite: total amount of copper and silver) of the resin-treated graphite and the total amount of copper and silver is 90:10 to 20:80. Graphite material.
  3. 　前記樹脂処理黒鉛が、フェノール樹脂を含む請求項１又は請求項２に記載の金属黒鉛質材料。 The metallic graphitic material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the resin-treated graphite contains a phenol resin.
  4. 　請求項１～請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の金属黒鉛質材料を用いて形成された電刷子。 An electric brush formed by using the metallic graphitic material according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
  5. 　スタータモータ用電刷子として用いられる請求項４に記載の電刷子。 The electric brush according to claim 4, which is used as an electric brush for a starter motor.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0438152A (en) * 1990-06-01 1992-02-07 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd Electrical brush
JPH077892A (en) * 1993-06-21 1995-01-10 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd Metal graphite brush
JP2017118620A (en) * 2015-12-22 2017-06-29 日立化成株式会社 Slide member formation material and slide member
JP2018087110A (en) * 2016-11-29 2018-06-07 日立化成株式会社 Metallic graphite base material and metallic graphite base brush

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0438152A (en) * 1990-06-01 1992-02-07 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd Electrical brush
JPH077892A (en) * 1993-06-21 1995-01-10 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd Metal graphite brush
JP2017118620A (en) * 2015-12-22 2017-06-29 日立化成株式会社 Slide member formation material and slide member
JP2018087110A (en) * 2016-11-29 2018-06-07 日立化成株式会社 Metallic graphite base material and metallic graphite base brush

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