JP3870558B2 - Operation method of garbage processing machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for operating a garbage disposal machine, and more particularly to a method for stably operating a garbage disposal machine that decomposes and eliminates garbage by the action of microorganisms in a good state for a long period of time.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in a garbage processing machine that decomposes and extinguishes garbage using microorganisms, a suitable amount of flooring such as sawdust is placed in the decomposition tank, and microorganisms are placed there, and the garbage input into the tank is carbon dioxide. Decomposes into low molecular weight substances such as water and ammonia. In such an extinguishable garbage processing machine, oxygen must be supplied to the microorganisms living in the flooring. For this purpose, air is supplied to the decomposition tank or the flooring is removed with a stirrer. Stirring is performed.
[0003]
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of this garbage disposal machine. In this garbage processing machine, the air in the decomposition tank (fermentation tank) 2 is sucked by the suction blower 1 to take in air from the inlet 3 provided in the upper side wall of the decomposition tank 2, and in the stirrer Oxygen is supplied to the microorganisms in the flooring material by stirring the flooring material (not shown). In order to efficiently supply oxygen to the flooring material, a stirrer in which a round bar-shaped stirring blade 4 is spirally projected on a stirring shaft 4 disposed horizontally in a tank is used for stirring. The stirrer is rotated in a forward rotation → stop → reverse → stop cycle, and the flooring is moved left and right to mix the contents in the tank sufficiently uniformly. In FIG. 1, 6 is a garbage input, 7 is a motor of a stirrer, 8 is a panel heater for keeping the inside of the decomposition tank 2 at an appropriate temperature for decomposition, 9 is a filter, 10 is an exhaust pipe, 11 Is an air volume adjustment cock, 12 is a heat insulating material, 13 is a discharge port, and 14 is a control panel.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such a garbage processing machine, when the garbage is introduced so as to be an appropriate amount with respect to the size of the decomposition tank, generally, the garbage is reduced to carbon dioxide, water, and ammonia for one to two weeks from the start of operation. Although it is efficiently decomposed, the decomposition gradually stops, acid is generated in the tank, and a severe odor is generated. This can be attributed to the fact that most of the raw garbage is acidic and the pH of the flooring gradually decreases as the input of the raw garbage is continued, thereby reducing the activity of microorganisms; The floor material is pulverized, and microorganisms are less likely to live; the floor material pulverized in this way is kneaded by stirring to become a dumpling, and as a result, oxygen is hardly supplied to the microorganism. Even though no garbage is thrown in on holidays, etc., the air flow rate and agitation time by the blower are set so that moisture adjustment is performed properly on the premise that the garbage is periodically thrown in. It is conceivable that the material dries excessively and promotes inactivation of microorganisms and pulverization of the carrier.
[0005]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and provides a method for operating a garbage disposal machine that can stably operate a garbage disposal machine that decomposes and extinguishes garbage by the action of microorganisms in a good state for a long period of time. The purpose is to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The operation method of the garbage processing machine according to the present invention includes a garbage decomposition tank that contains a flooring material therein, a stirring shaft provided in the decomposition tank, and a plurality of rod-shaped protrusions that spirally protrude from the stirring shaft. A garbage processing machine equipped with a stirrer composed of a stirring blade and a venting means into the decomposition tank is charged with garbage, and the contents in the tank are intermittently stirred by the stirrer and the aeration means In the operation method of the garbage processing machine for decomposing the garbage by ventilating the inside of the tank, all of the following conditions (1) to (5) are adopted.
[0007]
(1) At the start of operation, a lightweight foamed concrete (hereinafter referred to as “ALC”) is used as a pH adjusting material that maintains a long-term effect on the flooring material in order to maintain the flooring material at a weakly alkaline pH of about 8 to 9 for a long time. Abbreviated) is added and mixed. ALC having a particle diameter of 1 to 10 mm is preferable, and the initial charge is preferably 1/10 to 1/15 times the volume of the flooring.
(2) In order to maintain the effect of the pH adjusting material for a longer period of time, ALC is additionally charged into the decomposition tank once every 25 to 40 days. This additional amount of ALC is preferably 1/25 to 1/50 times the volume of the flooring.
{Circle around (3)} In order to prevent the pulverization of the carrier by gentle stirring without impairing the transpiration of moisture, the protruding interval between the stirring blades is set to 100 to 200 mm.
(4) Wood chips mixed with sawdust are used as a flooring material, as a void material for improving oxygen supply efficiency, and as a carrier for microorganisms that are not easily pulverized by stirring. The wood chip preferably has a particle size of 20 to 50 mm, and the initial input amount is preferably 1/2 to 1/4 capacity times the sawdust.
{Circle around (5)} In order to prevent excessive drying of the flooring when no garbage is thrown in on a holiday or the like, the interval of intermittent stirring and the air flow rate are controlled, for example, as follows according to the throwing frequency of the garbage.
(i) When garbage is input within 24 hours: The time interval of intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 1: 1 to 1.5, and continuous ventilation is performed.
(ii) When garbage is input within 24 to 48 hours: The time interval of intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 1: 2-2.5, and continuous ventilation is performed.
(iii) When garbage is introduced within 48 to 72 hours: The time interval of intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 1: 4-8, and the time interval of ventilation: airflow stop = 1: 10-15 Perform intermittent ventilation.
(iv) When no garbage is thrown in for 72 hours or more: The time interval of intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 1: 50 to 60, and intermittent ventilation is performed at a time interval of ventilation: ventilation stop = 1: 50-60. Do.
[0008]
By adopting all the above conditions (1) to (5), it is possible for the first time to stably and satisfactorily decompose and eliminate garbage for a long time. If any one of these conditions is missing, any one of the lowering of the pH of the flooring, the pulverization of the carrier, and the excessive drying will occur, and stable operation over a long period of time cannot be maintained.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0010]
In the present invention, all of the above conditions (1) to (5) are employed when the garbage is decomposed and eliminated by the garbage processing machine as shown in FIG.
[0011]
That is, first, at the start of operation of the garbage processing machine (that is, at the first time), ALC is mixed as a pH adjusting material that maintains a long-term effect in floor materials such as sawdust. Thereby, the pH of the flooring is maintained at a weak alkalinity of about 8 to 9 for a long time. The ALC has a grain size of about 1 to 10 mm and uses a coarse one as much as possible. Powdered ALC is easy to react and dissolves quickly, so the effect does not last. The mixing amount of ALC is appropriately about ALC1 with respect to the flooring materials 10 to 15 by volume ratio. If the ALC is less than this range, the ability to adjust the pH is poor, and if it exceeds this range, the viscosity of the flooring is increased and aggregation is promoted.
[0012]
In addition, in order to maintain the pH adjustment effect by the first ALC for a longer period of time, ALC is additionally introduced once every 25 to 40 days from the start of operation. If the frequency of this additional charging exceeds 40 days, the pH of the flooring may be lowered. Once the pH is lowered, the pH is temporarily recovered even if ALC is charged, but immediately Again, the pH adjustment effect cannot be obtained. If the frequency of additional charging is less than 25 days, the viscosity of the flooring is increased and aggregation is promoted. In addition, the additional input amount of ALC should just be a grade which can maintain the pH of a flooring to about 7-9, and although it depends on the additional charging frequency, generally it is 1/25 with respect to the amount of flooring. It is preferably about 1/50 times the capacity.
[0013]
In addition, for the purpose of gentle stirring to prevent pulverization of the carrier, the projecting interval of the round bar type stirring blades arranged in a spiral shape is set to 100 to 200 mm. If the distance is less than 100 mm, the carrier is pulverized. If the distance exceeds 200 mm, moisture transpiration is insufficient, and moisture adjustment of the flooring is not performed properly. The interval between the stirring blades varies depending on the capacity of the garbage processing machine, but in the case of a garbage processing machine having a decomposition tank capacity of about 300 to 750 L, it is particularly preferably about 100 to 120 mm.
[0014]
Further, a wood chip is mixed into a flooring material such as sawdust as a void material for improving oxygen supply and as a carrier for microorganisms that are not crushed. The particle size of the wood chip is suitably about 20 to 50 mm. If it is less than 20 mm, it will be pulverized in a short period of time, and if it exceeds 50 mm, crushing of sawdust will be promoted. The amount of wood chips mixed is appropriate for wood chips 2 to 4 in terms of volume ratio, and if it is less than this range, the effect of mixing cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds this range, the moisture adjustment of the flooring is satisfactory It becomes impossible to do.
[0015]
Furthermore, a holiday mode is set in order to prevent excessive drying of the floor material that occurs when garbage is not thrown in on a holiday or the like. When the input state of the garbage is recognized by opening and closing the input lid, and when it does not open for a certain period of time, the interval of intermittent stirring by forward rotation → stop → reverse rotation → stop is lengthened. At the same time, the air flow is controlled to prevent excessive drying.
[0016]
For example, the following control is performed.
(i) When garbage is input within 24 hours: The time interval of intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 1: 1 to 1.5, and continuous ventilation is performed.
(ii) When garbage is input within 24 to 48 hours: The time interval of intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 1: 2-2.5, and continuous ventilation is performed.
(iii) When garbage is introduced within 48 to 72 hours: The time interval of intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 1: 4-8, and the time interval of ventilation: airflow stop = 1: 10-15 Perform intermittent ventilation.
(iv) When no garbage is thrown in for 72 hours or more: The time interval of intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 1: 50 to 60, and intermittent ventilation is performed at a time interval of ventilation: ventilation stop = 1: 50-60. Do.
[0017]
When stirring or aeration is performed more frequently than the above range, excessive drying of the flooring proceeds, and if it is less than the above range, oxygen supplied to the microorganism is insufficient, and the activity of the microorganism is greatly reduced. End up.
[0018]
As other processing conditions, the following conditions are preferably employed.
Heater set temperature in decomposition tank: 30-40 ° C
Stirring speed during stirring: 1 to 3 rpm
Aeration rate at the time of ventilation: 300 to 1000 L / min. Input amount of raw garbage per time: 1/10 to 1/7 capacity times the moisture content of the floor material: 25 to 35% of the floor material amount
[0019]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.
[0020]
Example 1
The following conditions were adopted by the garbage processing machine (decomposition tank capacity 500L, flooring amount 300L) shown in FIG. 1 to decompose the garbage (vegetable waste 20%, leftovers 80%).
[0021]
In addition, 30 kg of garbage was introduced once a day. However, on the 10th to 15th days, the 30th to 35th days, and the 81st to 85th days, no garbage was thrown in assuming a long vacation. In addition, the stirring by the stirrer was performed as follows: forward rotation → stop → reverse rotation → stop →.
[0022]
[1] First, ALC (particle size: 10 to 20 mm) is added and mixed at a ratio of ALC: flooring material = 1: 10, and the initial pH is set to 8.8.
[2] As shown in Fig. 2, add ALC, which is 1/40 of the amount of flooring, at an interval of about 30 days.
[3] Set the spacing between the stirring blades to 110 mm.
[4] As a flooring material, wood chips (particle size: 20 to 50 mm) are mixed with sawdust in a ratio of chips: sawdust = 1: 3.
[5] Control intermittent agitation interval and air flow as follows.
(i) When garbage is input within 24 hours: The time interval of intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 5 minutes: 5 minutes, and continuous ventilation is performed.
(ii) When garbage is input within 24 to 48 hours: The time interval of intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 5 minutes: 10 minutes, and continuous ventilation is performed.
(iii) When garbage is input within 48 to 72 hours: The time interval of intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 5 minutes: 30 minutes, and ventilation: aeration stop = 5 minutes: time interval of 55 minutes Perform intermittent ventilation.
(iv) When no garbage is thrown in for 72 hours or longer: The time interval of intermittent stirring is set to Stirring: Stop = 5 minutes: 55 minutes, and Aeration: Stop ventilation = 1 minute: Intermittent ventilation at a time interval of 59 minutes Do.
[0023]
Other conditions are as follows.
Heater set temperature in decomposition tank: 35 ° C
Aeration volume at the time of ventilation: 400L / Amount of initial input of floor material: 300L
Stirring speed during stirring: 3 rpm
Initial moisture content of flooring: 35%
The decomposition state of the garbage at this time was examined using the pH of the flooring as an index, and the result is shown in FIG. That is, when the garbage is decomposed well, the pH of the flooring becomes high due to the generation of ammonia, and when the decomposition condition is bad, the pH of the flooring becomes low due to the generation of acid. . Therefore, it can be judged that the floor material has a good decomposition state when the pH is 7 or more, and a pH under 7 is a bad decomposition state.
[0024]
As is clear from FIG. 2, in Example 1, a stable state was maintained for a long period of time, and continuous operation over about 4 months was possible. This is because the pH is stabilized by the initial charging and additional charging of ALC, and the flooring is excessively dried despite the absence of garbage such as the 10th to 15th day, the 30th to 35th day, and the 81st to 85th day. This was probably due to the persistence of the activity of the microorganisms because the chip was hardly worn by gentle stirring.
[0025]
Comparative Example 1
In Example 1, the conditions of [1] above were not adopted, that is, ALC was not added to the first start, and treatment was performed in the same manner except that sawdust and wood chips were mixed and used as a flooring. Changes in pH of the material over time were examined, and the results are shown in FIG. However, garbage was thrown in every day.
[0026]
As is clear from FIG. 3, in this comparative example 1, since ALC was not added to the first time, the pH was low from the first time, and after rising, the pH increased with good decomposition of garbage. , It will fall quickly without being stable. Even when ALC was added in a state where the pH was lowered, only a temporary increase in pH was observed, and a stable state was not achieved.
[0027]
Comparative Example 2
In Example 1, the conditions of [2] above were not adopted, the same treatment was performed except that ALC was not additionally added for 58 days from the start of operation, and the change over time in the pH of the flooring was examined. Is shown in FIG. However, the period of non-feeding of garbage was 45 to 55 days.
[0028]
As is clear from FIG. 4, in Comparative Example 2, the stability of pH was recognized from the start-up by adding ALC at the beginning. Although garbage was not thrown in on the 45th-55th day, the floor material did not excessively dry and the good state continued. However, from the 55th day onward, a rapid pH drop occurred. Thereafter, ALC was additionally added, but the stable state did not recover.
[0029]
Comparative Example 3
In Example 1, the above-mentioned condition [5] was not adopted, and stirring was performed for the same time except that the stirring was intermittently stirred for a period of time: Stirring: Stop = 5 minutes: 5 minutes, and continuously vented. The results were shown in FIG. 5. However, the period when the garbage was not thrown in was 60 to 70 days.
[0030]
As is clear from FIG. 5, in Comparative Example 3, ALC was first introduced, and ALC was additionally introduced every 30 days, so that a stable state was maintained for 60 days. However, since garbage was not thrown in on the 60th to 70th day, the floor material was excessively dried, and the activity of microorganisms was reduced. After that, when the input of garbage was resumed, the pH immediately dropped and the condition deteriorated.
[0031]
Comparative Example 4
In Example 1, the conditions of [3] above were not adopted, and the treatment was performed in the same manner except that the projecting interval of the stirring blades was set to 50 mm. The change over time in the pH of the flooring was examined, and the results are shown in FIG. It was shown to. However, garbage was thrown in every day.
[0032]
As is clear from FIG. 6, in Comparative Example 4, since the active stirring was performed with the interval between the stirring blades being 50 mm, the good state was stable for 30 days from the rise, but the sawdust in the flooring was The powder was pulverized and pulverized, the chips were considerably worn out, and aggregates were gradually formed by stirring. The oxygen supply to the flooring was insufficient, the pH was lowered, and the state deteriorated. And even if additional ALC was added, it did not recover to a stable state.
[0033]
Comparative Example 5
In Example 1, the condition [4] was not adopted, that is, the wood chip was not used as the flooring material, and the treatment was performed in the same manner except that only sawdust was used, and the change in pH of the flooring material over time was performed. The results are shown in FIG. However, garbage was thrown in every day.
[0034]
As is clear from FIG. 7, in Comparative Example 5, the sawdust was pulverized after 24 days, even though the stirring blade interval was set to 110 mm and the operation was performed so that gentle stirring was performed. A drop in pH occurred. The pH recovered temporarily by the addition of ALC, but did not last long, and the condition deteriorated on the 45th day.
[0035]
From the above test results, if any one of the above conditions (1) to (5) is missing, any one of the lowering of the pH of the flooring, the pulverization of the carrier, and the excessive drying occurs, and the good condition is It can be seen that stable operation over a long period of time is possible only when all of the conditions (1) to (5) are combined without being maintained.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the operation method of the garbage disposal machine of the present invention, it is possible to stably operate the garbage disposal machine that decomposes and extinguishes garbage by the action of microorganisms in a good state for a long period of time. It is said.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a garbage disposal machine according to the present invention.
2 is a graph showing changes in pH of a flooring over time in Example 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a change with time in pH of a flooring material in Comparative Example 1;
4 is a graph showing changes with time in pH of a flooring material in Comparative Example 2. FIG.
5 is a graph showing changes in pH of a flooring over time in Comparative Example 3. FIG.
6 is a graph showing changes with time in pH of a flooring material in Comparative Example 4. FIG.
7 is a graph showing changes with time in pH of a flooring material in Comparative Example 5. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Exhaust blower 2 Decomposition tank 3 Inlet 4 Stirring shaft 5 Stirring blade 6 Inlet 7 Stirring motor 8 Panel heater 9 Filter 11 Air flow adjustment cock 12 Heat insulating material 13 Outlet 14 Control panel

Claims (5)

A garbage decomposing tank that contains flooring inside, a stirring shaft provided in the decomposing tank, a stirrer comprising a plurality of rod-shaped stirring blades spirally provided on the stirring shaft, and the decomposing tank Garbage is thrown into a garbage processing machine equipped with a ventilation means for the inside, the contents in the tank are intermittently stirred by the stirrer and the tank is ventilated by the ventilation means to decompose the garbage. In the operation method of the garbage processing machine to process,
At the start of operation, lightweight foamed concrete is added to and mixed with the floor material, and lightweight foamed concrete is additionally added to the decomposition tank once every 25 to 40 days,
The protruding interval between the stirring blades is 100 to 200 mm,
As the flooring material, a mixture of geeks and wood chips is used,
And the operating method of the garbage processing machine characterized by controlling the space | interval and ventilation | gas_flowing amount of the said intermittent stirring according to the input frequency of garbage. In claim 1,
When there is input of garbage within 24 hours, the time interval of the intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 1: 1 to 1.5, and continuous ventilation is performed.
When there is input of garbage within 24 to 48 hours, the time interval of the intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 1: 2-2.5 and continuous ventilation is performed.
When garbage is input within 48 to 72 hours, the time interval of the intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 1: 4 to 8 and the time interval of ventilation: aeration stop = 1: 10 to 15 is set. Intermittent ventilation,
When there is no input of garbage for 72 hours or more, the time interval of the intermittent stirring is set to stirring: stop = 1: 50 to 60, and intermittent ventilation is performed at a time interval of ventilation: ventilation stop = 1: 50-60. The operation method of the garbage disposal machine characterized by performing. In Claim 1 or 2, The particle size of the said lightweight foamed concrete is 1-10 mm, The initial input amount is 1/10-1/15 times the volume with respect to a flooring, The garbage processing characterized by the above-mentioned. How to operate the machine. 4. The raw material according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the wood chip is 20 to 50 mm, and the input amount is 1/2 to 1/4 times the capacity of sawdust. Operation method of garbage disposal machine. In any 1 item | term of the Claims 1 thru | or 4, the initial input amount of the said lightweight foamed concrete is 1/10-1/15 times capacity | capacitance with respect to a flooring, and the additional input amount in the frequency of once every 25-40 days The operation method of the garbage processing machine characterized by being 1 / 25-1 / 50 capacity times with respect to the amount of flooring.

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