JP3862606B2 - Slope stabilization method using tree root bearing and its slope stabilization device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a slope stabilization method using a tree root system support and a slope stabilization device using the tree root system support, and it is possible to plant trees on a devastated bare land while preserving the remaining forest and trees as much as possible. The objective is to create a healthy forest that can withstand abnormal external forces.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In Japan, in addition to natural conditions that are prone to disasters such as steep terrain, fragile geology, and heavy rains, the population is concentrated in the lowland area, so overlying land is used to the hillside slope and valley exit.
[0003]
As a result, there is a high risk of disasters such as mountainside collapse, falling rocks, debris flow, and avalanches. In order to protect human life and property, the hillside collapse, falling rock prevention method, earth and sand runoff prevention method, and avalanche prevention method have been implemented in order to protect human life and property. However, the conventional construction methods have mainly been made with concrete and steel materials in order to emphasize the functional aspect of disaster prevention, and there have been many cases involving large-scale earthworks with vegetation destruction.
[0004]
On the other hand, in recent years, green conservation has attracted attention for its response to landscape, regional environment, and global environmental problems, and reflections are being made on the above-mentioned construction method with an emphasis on functionality. In other words, there is a need for a disaster prevention method using green = trees.
[0005]
“Current status of slope stabilization method”
The slope stabilization method is a method of placing a method frame, the spraying method of spraying concrete, mortar, etc. on the slope, the rock bolts used in those methods, the anchor method, and the earth retaining fence method using pile materials and side sheet piles, etc. There is.
[0006]
"Current status of planting"
In addition to the above construction methods, planting in the slope is also carried out for the purpose of fixing the surface soil with the root system of the tree and preserving the landscape and environment.
[0007]
“Current status of forest zones for disaster prevention”
In addition to the above, in order to more actively use trees for disaster prevention, we try to cultivate a forest zone by planting in or below the danger of falling, falling rocks, and avalanches, and try to buffer falling rocks, collapsed soil, and avalanche disasters with trees Disaster prevention forest zone (disaster buffer forest) is being developed. In addition, forest zones are cultivated in the area of inundation, and disaster prevention forest zones (sabo forests) that capture runoff from rivers and mountain streams are also being developed.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
"Problems for slope stabilization method"
Although the above-mentioned conventional frame works and retaining fences have been tried to be arranged at large intervals for green conservation, they will be constructed without disrupting existing vegetation at all, with earthwork. It is difficult.
[0009]
The method of placing rock bolts and anchors reaching the base and sewing the collapsed soil layer is an effective means of preventing collapse, but it is necessary to support the moving soil layer. Frame work and spray work are used together. These are areas where vegetation cannot invade in order to secure the bearing area, and are problematic from the viewpoint of green conservation.
[0010]
Although the invention of the construction method which couple | bonds lock bolt heads with a wire rope with respect to said problem is also provided, evaluation of the bearing effect by a wire rope is difficult, a head bearing plate, a wire There is a problem in landscape use because artificial structures such as are exposed on the ground surface, and wire ropes cover the ground surface in a network form, causing problems in land use after construction such as additional planting was there.
[0011]
A root make method is also invented, in which a potted plant with a hole and a rock bolt are fixed, and a rooting system is attempted to obtain a bearing effect by the root system of the tree that is planted in the plant and extends outward from the plant. It takes 10 years or more for the root system to grow and have a bearing effect, and if collapse occurs during that time, the collapsed soil layer cannot be supported and sufficient effects cannot be exerted. is there.
[0012]
"Challenges for planting"
The slope stabilization effect by planting is limited to the area where the root system is developed. When the surface soil is thin, the root system cannot extend into the basement rock, and it has no effect on the surface soil collapsed into a plate shape. Moreover, under such ground conditions, trees easily fall down due to loads such as surface layer collapse, wind, and snow, resulting in a degraded slope condition where accumulated fallen trees.
[0013]
Support for the lodging of planted trees is generally supported by a support, but there are problems in that it is not desirable for the landscape and that regular maintenance is required. In urban planting, underground struts with support mechanisms are also used in the ground to improve landscape problems, but they are expensive and require large-scale excavation.
[0014]
"Problems for disaster prevention forest zone (disaster buffer forest, sabo forest)"
The purpose of the disaster-prevention forest zone is to capture and prevent avalanches, collapsed sediment and rock fall, and to promote and prevent the accumulation of sediments in the area of inundation in mountain streams. Can not do it. In addition, fallen trees and drifted forests themselves are likely to cause new secondary disasters. In disaster prevention forest zones in mountain streams, measures such as installing driftwood stopers downstream to prevent damage from driftwood It has been.
[0015]
The object of the present invention is to improve the problems of the slope stabilization method for preventing slope collapse and the support method for planted trees in the above-described treatment, and to prevent sediment discharge from rivers and mountain streams. Is to achieve the following points.
[0016]
(1) Realize the best slope stabilization method in terms of landscape and environment, because the members fixing the collapsed soil layer by rock bolts and anchors do not appear on the ground surface, (2) The root system of the tree grows and the bearing function (3) The support method for planted trees is simple for both materials and construction, and (4) the function of (3) above. Therefore, it is a construction method that reinforces the disaster prevention forest zone (disaster buffer forest, sabo forest) and prevents outflow from the original position even if the trees fall down.
[0017]
[Means to solve the problem]
Therefore, the present invention is provided in order to solve the problems of the conventional construction method and to achieve the object of the invention.
[0018]
The first aspect of the present invention is a slope stabilization method using a tree root system bearing pressure, in which a hemispherical planting pot having a gap between a surface soil surface and a slip surface layer of a natural ground is installed via a rock bolt, and the hemispherical surface thereof. The root system of the tree planted in the shaped planting pot extends outward from the gap between the planting pots in an omnidirectional state due to growth, and is integrated with the planting pot by hypertrophy and the root system in the ground It is intended to overhang.
[0019]
The second aspect of the present invention is a slope stabilization device using a tree root system bearing pressure, in which a hemispherical planting pot is molded with a metal wire or reinforced plastic having a bottom surface curved into a hemispherical shape, and its hemispherical surface is formed. The head of a lock bolt that penetrates the inner bottom of the shape is connected and fixed with a nut through a support plate.
[0020]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a slope stabilization apparatus using tree root support pressure according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein a fixing bracket is provided on the opposing outer surface of the semi-spherical planting pot, and the fixing bracket is provided with a log of the log prone work. It is attached to the log material to be formed.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Drilling the topsoil of sloped land or flat land to form holes for planting pots in the stable ground. After placing the bolt in the ground leaving the head from the hole until it reaches the base layer, the hemispherical planting pot is accommodated in the hole, and the bearing plate is applied to the bottom of the planting pot, To this, the head of the lock bolt is passed through the bearing plate from the bottom of the planting pot and fixed with a nut. And the root system of a tree is accommodated with a soil in a planting pot accommodated and installed in the hole.
[0022]
【Example】
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a hemispherical planting pot, 2 is a head ring of the planting pot, 3 is a bottom plate of the planting pot, 4 is a vertical line forming a hemispherical planting pot, and 5 is also a planting. The horizontal muscles that form the pot, and both of the muscles 4 and 5 are gaps such as meshes and lattice windows using materials such as metal wire or steel material with aramid fibers inserted into a polyethylene net, wire, reinforced plastic, and reinforcing fiber. 6 is formed. The mesh of the gap is set to about 50 mm × 70 mm.
[0023]
7 is a longitudinal locking bolt for planting pot fixed, the nut 9 is inserted the head through the gap 6 at the bottom of the planting pot 1, the bearing capacity plate 8 are open further the hole 8 ₁ It is designed to be tightened and fixed. The bottom surface of the bearing plate is formed into a curved surface that is compatible with the inner bottom surface of the planting pot. Reference numeral 10 denotes a soil layer of a natural ground, which is set to a thickness t at which the roots of the planted tree are sufficiently stretched to be rooted in the ground. 11 is a base layer, 12 is a hole for placing a planting pot, 13 is a hole for placing a log in a log-laying process, 14 is a log material forming a log line in the log-laying process, 15 is a diameter direction in the planting pot A fixing bracket for mounting a log provided on the opposite outer surface of 16, 16 is a nail or bolt for fixing the fixing bracket 15 to the log member 14, and 17 is a joint between the log members connected to each other in a T shape. It is a snail to do.
[0024]
[Specific construction examples]
"Example 1"
The construction example 1 by this invention is demonstrated. 1 to 4, the planting pots are stored at intervals of about 3.0 m from the shoulder of the natural slope to the tip (or from the tip to the shoulder) and at intervals of 2.0 m in the left-right direction. drilled holes 12, driving to reach the lock bolt 7 elongated connecting the planting pot to the hole in the base layer 11 toward the appropriate direction, of the hole 12 only head 7 ₁ of the lock bolt Project from the wall. The hole 12 is excavated by a self-drilling method, a rock drill, or a boring machine, and grouted. Next, the housing a planting pot 1 into the hole 12, the nut 9 is inserted into the hole ₈₁ of Bearing plates 8 by penetrating the head of the lock bolt 7 in the gap 6 of the planting pot bottom 1 ₁ Tighten to fix the planting pot in the hole 12.
[0025]
Next, the root stock portion of the planting tree A that allows black pine, wild cherry, willow, murine mochi, etc., is stored in the planting pot 1 and covered with soil mixed with fertilizer as appropriate, and solidified appropriately. Then, with the passage of time, the planted tree A in the pot is integrated with the planting pot 1 by extending and enlarging the root system A ₁ laterally and obliquely omnidirectionally, and extends from the gap 6 to the outside of the pot. Take out and roots in the ground.
[0026]
"Example 2"
5 to 8 illustrate a construction example 2 according to the present invention. After the rock bolt 7 head 7 ₁ is installed through the planting pot 1 through the gap 6, the support plate 8 with holes is inserted into the lock bolt 7, and the bolt head 7 ₁ and the planting pot 1 are inserted by the nut 9. The process is the same as that of Example 1 until the is fixed to the hole 12.
[0027]
The log material 14 is fixed to the head ring 2 by the log material fixing bracket 15 as an auxiliary means until the root system A ₁ of the planted tree A extends and exhibits the bearing effect. After fixing, the planting tree A is accommodated in the planting pot 1, and a fertilizer etc. are mixed in soil suitably and the installation of Example 2 is completed.
[0028]
After laying the log material 14 on the natural ground, the log material fixing bracket 15 is fixed to the head ring 2 above the planting pot by the fixing bolt 16. Further, the log material fixing bracket 15 and the log material 14 are fixed by a nail or a bolt 16 so that the planting pot and the log material 14 are integrated. The log material plays an alternative effect of the root system on the surface and fixes the surface soil until the root system A ₁ of the planted tree grows and obtains a supporting effect.
[0029]
FIG. 8 shows an example in which the lock bolt 7, the planting pot 1, and the log material 14 are integrated and arranged in the horizontal direction by the structure of the construction example 2. A plurality of planting pots 1 are arranged, the log material 14 is laid horizontally on the ground slope, the log ends of each log material are joined together, and a log bar 17 is driven into and bonded to this part to form a log bar. As a result, the surface soil is fixed in a plane, and at the same time, there is an effect of stiffening and distributing the flowing water to the water channel 16, and surface erosion can be prevented.
[0030]
FIG. 9 shows an example in which the lock bolt 7, the planting pot 1, and the log material 14 are integrated with the structure of the construction example 2 and then arranged in a grid pattern on the natural slope. A plurality of planting pots 1 are arranged, the log members 14 are alternately laid on the slopes in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, the ends of the log members are joined together, and the mussel 17 is driven into this part to form the log bars. In addition, a log frame is formed by joining the logs together in a T-shape and driving a squirrel 17 into this portion, thereby obtaining the effect of a frame work that fixes the surface soil surface.
[0031]
FIG. 1 shows a situation in which planted tree A grows in construction example 1 and construction example 2, and root system A ₁ extends in a horizontal direction or an oblique direction in soil layer 10. If the root system A ₁ extends, the pulling force of the lock bolt 7 is transmitted to the root system A ₁ through the vegetation pot 1, and the slope can be stabilized by the support effect of the root system A ₁ spreading on the surface.
[0032]
Further, at the stage where the root system A ₁ is elongated, there is no problem even if the log material 14 loses its effect due to decay. That is, the slope stabilizing effect can be continuously maintained by shifting the bearing effect from the log material 14 immediately after the construction to the root system A _{1 as} time passes.
[0033]
In addition to the slope stabilization method described above, the rock bolt 7 serves as a vertical root reaching the base layer 11, and thus acts as a resistance against the fall of trees and functions as a simple underground support.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, it is possible to prevent slope collapse and to preserve and create existing trees. Specifically, a planting pot with the first, by which the combination of the rod-like reinforcing member which is connected via a bearing capacity plate reinforces the Ri anti-slip of the moving soil mass. Secondly, the root system expands and enlarges in the horizontal and diagonal directions as the tree grows, so that the planting pot and the root system are integrated. Thirdly, by integrating the root system into the planting pot, the root system of the tree firmly wraps the ground by the effect of the reinforcing material, and does not cause the tree itself to turn over, creating and maintaining a healthy forest land. The
[0035]
In addition to the slope stabilization method and the planting tree support method described above, the rock bolt acts as a vertical root that reaches the base layer by using this method together with the disaster buffer forest. Act and reinforce the disaster buffer forest. In addition, even if the fall of the tree occurs, the integrity of the root system, pot, and rock bolt is not lost, so it is possible to prevent outflow from the original position and prevent secondary disasters caused by driftwood.
[0036]
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side view of a slope stabilization method using a tree root bearing pressure according to the present invention and a completed state of the slope stabilization method.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a planting pot for a slope stabilization method and a slope stabilization method using a tree root system support pressure according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view in which a planting pot storage hole is excavated on the slope and a lock bolt is driven from the hole.
FIG. 4 is a side view in which a planting pot is accommodated in a hole and coupled to the head of a lock bolt through a gap.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing how to attach the log member mounting bracket and the log member to the planting pot in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a partial plan view showing a state in which the log member mounting bracket and the log member are mounted on the planting pot.
FIG. 7 is a front view of a part of the planting pot and log shown in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a method for arranging logs and a method for arranging planting pots.
9 is a plan view showing another arrangement method of the log and the planting pot shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 …… Semi-circular spherical planting pot 2 …… Head ring 3 …… Bottom plate 4 …… Vertical strip for planting pot 5 …… Horizontal strip for planting pot 6 …… Gap 7 …… For pot anchor Lock bolt 8 ... Supporting plate 9 ... Nut 10 for fixing ... Soil layer 11 ... Base layer 12 ... Hole 13 for planting pot installation ... 14 Hole for log installation ... Log material 15 ... ... Log fixing brackets 16 ... Nails or bolts 17 ... Kasugai 18 ...

Claims (1)

A semi-spherical planting pot (1) is formed so that a gap (6) is formed with a metal wire or reinforced plastic whose bottom surface part (1 ₁ ) is curved into a hemispherical shape, and fixed metal fittings (15 ) is provided, slope stability device according tree root system Bearing for the fixing member, characterized in that attached to the round timber to form a log muscle logs prone Engineering (14).

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