JP3860738B2 - Fireproof structure of building and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fireproof structure of a building and a construction method thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The fire-resistant structure of a building is a structure that does not spread easily due to a fire in a neighboring house, can withstand a fire for a long period of time, has little decrease in proof stress, and can be used again with a small repair.
Various fireproof structures for the building have been known so far. For example, the one described in Japanese Patent No. 2773828 is made of a steel panel with a concrete panel for the fireproof outer wall of the building and spaced from the concrete panel. The beams are arranged in parallel, and a refractory base metal fitting is provided so as to block the gap between the concrete panel and the beam, and a fireproof material such as rock wool is applied around the beam and the refractory base metal fixture. It's covered.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the fireproof structure of the building described in the above publication, since the wall thickness of the fireproof outer wall itself formed of concrete panels is large (about 60 to 100 mm), structures such as columns and beams are included from the outer wall surface. There is a problem that the wall thickness of the building up to the inner wall surface becomes thicker and the living area is reduced accordingly.
[0004]
This invention was made in order to solve the above problems, and it aims at providing the fireproof structure of a building which can suppress the wall thickness from an outer wall surface to an inner wall surface, and its construction method. .
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the steel floor beam on the lower floor is bridged between the steel pillars covered with the fireproof coating material, and the steel floor beam on the lower floor is bridged. A fireproof structure of a building in which an inner wall surface is formed between an inner wall surface material and an outer wall surface material attached to a building frame that supports the floor structure of the lower floor,
A non-combustible plate that bisects the interior space of the wall into an outdoor side and an indoor side is erected in the interior space of the wall, and the sprayed refractory material is applied to cover the entire surface of the non-combustible plate, The gap between the edge of the non-combustible plate and the building frame is hermetically closed with a sprayed refractory material.
[0006]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the fireproof structure of a building according to the first aspect, the non-combustible plate is attached between an upper floor beam and a lower floor surface directly below the floor beam via a mounting bracket. It is characterized by.
[0007]
The invention according to claim 3 is the fireproof structure of a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer wall surface material is formed of a siding board.
[0008]
In the invention according to claim 4, the upper and lower steel floor beams are bridged between the steel columns, and the building structure is constructed by supporting the upper and lower floor structures between the horizontally facing floor beams. In the construction method of the fireproof structure of the building in which the outer wall material is formed by forming an inner wall space between the inner wall material and the building frame,
Fixing a mounting hardware to the floor beam of the upper floor or the lower floor immediately below the floor beam, and standing the non-combustible plate that bisects the space in the wall into the outdoor side and the indoor side through the mounting hardware; , Covering each of the upper and lower floor beams and pillars with a fireproof covering material in advance, and then spraying the fireproof material on the indoor side of the incombustible plate, and the edge of the incombustible plate and the building frame And a step of airtightly closing the gap with a fireproof material.
[0009]
In the present invention according to claim 1, examples of the incombustible plate include metal plates such as steel, stainless steel, and aluminum, and architectural incombustible boards such as slate.
[0010]
In the present invention according to claim 3, the siding board is a plate-like wall surface material used for the outer wall of a building, and is formed of a coated metal plate or a decorative plywood having a concavo-convex pattern and is nonflammable. It does not have to have fireproof performance as a fireproof outer wall, is thinner than a fireproof outer wall such as a concrete panel, is excellent in design, and has water resistance and weather resistance.
[0011]
(Function)
According to the fireproof structure of a building of the present invention as set forth in claim 1, since the steel columns and floor beams are covered with the fireproof covering material, the temperature rise of the columns and beams is suppressed against the spread of fire from the outdoor side. To do. And the incombustible plate that divides the interior space into the outdoor side and the indoor side and cuts off the interior space is erected in the interior space, and the sprayed refractory material is applied to cover the entire surface of the incombustible plate, Since the gap between the edge of the incombustible plate and the building frame is airtightly sealed with the sprayed refractory material, it is shielded by the incombustible plate coated with the sprayed refractory material against the spread of fire from the outside. In addition, an unbroken fireproof layer is formed, and the fireproof structure of the building is secured.
At this time, since the fireproof structure of the building is ensured even if the outer wall surface material itself does not have a fireproof structure, the outer wall surface material can be made thin, and the wall thickness from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface can be suppressed.
[0012]
According to the fireproof structure of a building of the present invention as set forth in claim 2, the non-combustible plate is further attached between the upper floor beam and the lower floor surface directly below the floor beam via a mounting bracket. Therefore, the installation workability of the non-combustible plate is good, and it is economical because it can be easily made into a fireproof structure without using an expensive fireproof outer wall.
Also, if this building does not have to be a fireproof building, the fireproof covering material for pillars and floor beams can be omitted, and the incombustible plate can be changed to a stud for fastening the outer wall material. Parts can be used as they are assigned, reducing the number of parts and cost.
[0013]
According to the fireproof structure of a building of the present invention as set forth in claim 3, since the outer wall surface material is formed of a siding board, an outer wall surface rich in design can be formed.
[0014]
According to the construction method of the fireproof structure of the present invention according to claim 4, after each of the upper and lower floor beams and pillars are covered in advance with a fireproof coating material, spraying fireproof material on the indoor side surface of the incombustible plate In addition, the gap between the edge of the incombustible plate and the building frame is airtightly sealed with a refractory material, so that the flame can be reliably shielded even if the interior space of the wall spreads. The troublesome post-process for filling the gap can be omitted.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fireproof structure of a building, and FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view showing the fireproof structure of a building. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the fireproof covering material covering the beam, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the incombustible plate.
[0016]
(building)
In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the building bridges upper and lower floor beams 5 and 6 (also H-shaped steel) between columns 1 and 1 made of H-shaped steel, A building frame is constructed by supporting the upper floor structure 5 and the lower floor structure 6 between the upper floor beams 5 and 5 and the lower floor beams 6 and 6 that are horizontally opposed to each other. Yes. Each of the floor structures 5 and 6 is formed of an ALC plate (lightweight concrete plate for autoclave curing) which is an incombustible material, and a floor surface material (not shown) is placed on the floor structures 5 and 6 via floor joists. It is stretched. An inner wall surface material 7 made of gypsum board or the like is attached to the indoor side of the building frame having the above configuration via a vertical rail 8 and a ceiling surface material 14 is attached via a ceiling joist 15. And the outer wall surface material 10 is attached to the outdoor side of the building frame so as to form an inner wall space 9 between the inner wall surface material 7 and the inner wall surface material 7.
The outer wall surface material 10 is formed of a tiled siding board in which tiles are laid on the surface of the base board.
[0017]
(Fireproof structure of buildings)
The outer peripheral surface 4 of the column 1 is covered with a fireproof coating material 2 which is a fiber-mixed calcium silicate fireproof coating plate that has been certified fireproof.
Further, the three sides of the floor beams 5, 6 are covered with the same fireproof covering material 2 as described above. Since the upper surfaces of the floor beams 3 and 4 are covered with the back surfaces of the floor structures 5 and 6 made of ALC plates, it is not necessary to provide the fireproof covering material 2.
The pillar 1 or the floor beams 3 and 4 may be covered with a spray fire-resistant material 13 described later as shown in FIG. 3 (a), or a sheet-like fire-resistant material as shown in FIG. 3 (b). The covering material 2A may be covered so as to be wound.
[0018]
A non-combustible plate 11 is erected in the inner wall space 9 between the inner wall surface material 7 and the outer wall surface material 10 to block the inner wall space 9 into two parts, the outdoor side and the indoor side.
The incombustible plate 11 is coated with a sprayed fire-resistant material 13 made of sprayed rock wool with a predetermined thickness so as to cover the entire surface, and the edge of the incombustible plate 11 and the building frame (column 1, The gap between the beam 3 and the floor structure 5, 6) is airtightly closed by the sprayed refractory material 13 (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
That is, at the upper side portion of the non-combustible plate 11, the sprayed refractory material 13 is applied so as to cover the gap with the fire-resistant coating material 2 that covers the bottom surface of the upper floor beam 3, and at the lower side portion of the non-combustible plate 11, The spray refractory material 13 is applied so as to cover the gap with the lower floor structure 6. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, spray fireproof material 13 is applied to both sides of the incombustible plate 11 so as to cover a gap with the fireproof coating material 2 covering the pillar 1.
[0019]
The non-combustible plate 11 is formed of a flat thin steel plate having a thickness of 1.2 mm as shown in FIG. 4 (a), but may be a square wave steel plate as shown in FIG. 4 (b). .
The non-combustible plate 11 may be a non-combustible material such as slate.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 1, the incombustible plate 11 is connected to an upper floor beam 3 and a lower floor surface directly below the floor beam 13 via an inverted L-shaped attachment 12 attached to the lower surface of the upper floor beam 3. It is attached between.
Note that the mounting hardware 12 may also be provided on the lower floor structure 6 so that the upper and lower sides of the incombustible plate 11 are fixed.
The mounting hardware 12 may be a runner material that is continuous over the entire length of the upper floor beam 3 in the longitudinal direction, or may be a short one and may be attached at an appropriate interval.
[0021]
The fire-resistant material 13 (sprayed rock wool) coated on the surface of the non-combustible plate 11 is designated as a fireproof structure on the outer wall (non-bearing wall) coated with Wn0111 / 1111-sprayed rock wool (general rule). Yes (Fireproof No. 43).
According to the above, the thickness of the spray rock wool is 20 mm for 30 minutes fire resistance and 30 mm for 1 hour fire resistance.
Spray rock wool is blended with 60% rock wool and 40% cement, mixed with water and cement in advance to form a slurry, and sprayed while mixing rock wool and slurry with a spraying machine. A non-combustible plate 11 is sprayed and applied.
At this time, a metal lath, a reinforcing bar, or the like may be provided on the application surface of the non-combustible plate 11.
[0022]
(Construction method)
Next, a construction method for the fireproof structure of the building will be described.
The above-mentioned building frame consisting of the pillar 1, the upper and lower floor beams 3 and 4 and the upper and lower floor structures 5 and 6 is constructed on the foundation K in advance. Construction work.
First, the mounting metal 12 is fixed to the floor beam 3 on the upper floor by welding or the like, and the non-combustible plate 11 is erected through the mounting metal 12 to divide the wall space 9 into the outdoor side and the indoor side.
At this time, a gap is left between the upper end surface of the non-combustible plate 11 and the bottom surface of the floor beam 3 by the thickness of the fireproof covering material 2 to be attached in a later process.
Further, a gap corresponding to the thickness of the fireproof covering material 2 to be attached in a subsequent process is also provided between both longitudinal end surfaces of the incombustible plate 11 and the side surface of the column 1 on the side of the wall space 9.
The lower end surface of the incombustible plate 11 abuts against the lower floor structure 6.
[0023]
Next, the three surfaces of the upper and lower floor beams 3 and 4 and the four surfaces of the pillar 1 are each covered with the fireproof covering material 2 in advance, and then blown to the indoor side surface of the non-combustible plate 11 erected first. The sprayed refractory material 13 is applied and the gap between the edge of the incombustible plate 11 and the building frame such as the pillar 1, the upper floor beam 3, and the lower floor structure 6 is airtight with the sprayed refractory material 13. Block it.
[0024]
Thereafter, the outer wall surface material 10 is attached from the outdoor side to a stud (not shown) standing upright between the columns 1 and 1 (the outer wall surface material 10 may be attached before construction of the fireproof structure. ) A vertical rail 8 is provided on the indoor side and the inner wall surface material 7 is attached.
A heat insulating material such as glass wool or a moisture permeable waterproof sheet is provided between the outdoor side surface of the incombustible plate 7 (the surface opposite to the side coated with the sprayed refractory material 13) and the outer wall surface material 10, You may make it form the ventilation layer which leads to an up-and-down floor between the back surface side of the wall surface material 10, and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet.
[0025]
(Operation of the embodiment)
According to the fireproof structure of the building of the present embodiment, the steel pillar 1 and the floor beams 3 and 4 are covered with the fireproof covering material 2, so that the pillar 1, the beam 3, 4 is suppressed. A non-combustible plate 11 that bisects the indoor space 9 into an outdoor side and an indoor side is erected in the internal space 9, and the sprayed refractory material 13 is applied to cover the entire surface of the non-combustible plate 11. In addition, since the gap between the edge of the incombustible plate 11 and the building frame is hermetically closed by the sprayed refractory material 13, the sprayed refractory material 13 is applied to the fire spread from the outdoor side. In addition to being shielded by the attached incombustible plate 11, the fireproof covering material 2 and the sprayed fireproof material 13 form an uninterrupted fireproof layer, thereby ensuring the fireproof structure of the building.
At this time, since the fireproof structure of the building is ensured even if the outer wall surface material 10 itself does not have a fireproof structure, the outer wall surface material 10 can be made thin, and the wall thickness from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface can be suppressed.
[0026]
Furthermore, since the non-combustible plate 11 is attached between the upper floor beam 3 and the lower floor surface directly below the floor beam 3 via the mounting hardware 12, the installation workability of the non-combustible plate 11 is good. Moreover, it is economical because a fireproof structure can be easily formed without using an expensive fireproof outer wall.
In addition, if this building does not have to be a fireproof building, the fireproof covering material 2 of the pillar 1 and the floor beams 3 and 4 is omitted, and the nonflammable plate 11 is changed to a stud or the like for fastening the outer wall surface material 10, Parts such as the outer wall surface material 10 and the opening can be used as they are, and the number of parts and the cost can be reduced.
[0027]
Furthermore, since the outer wall surface material 10 is formed of a tiled siding board, an outer wall surface rich in design can be formed.
[0028]
According to the construction method of the fireproof structure of the present embodiment, the upper and lower floor beams 3 and 4 and the pillar 1 are each covered with the fireproof covering material 2 in advance, and then sprayed on the indoor side surface of the incombustible plate 11. 13 is applied and the gap between the edge of the non-combustible plate 11 and the building frame is hermetically sealed with the sprayed refractory material 13, so that the flame is reliably shielded even if the interior of the wall space 9 spreads. In addition, the troublesome post-process for filling the gap with a fireproof joint material or the like can be omitted.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
According to the fireproof structure of a building according to the first aspect of the present invention, the wall thickness from the outer wall surface to the inner wall surface can be suppressed.
[0030]
According to the fireproof structure of a building of the present invention as set forth in claim 2, it is economical because the nonflammable plate can be easily mounted and constructed, and the fireproof structure can be easily formed without using an expensive fireproof outer wall.
[0031]
According to the fireproof structure of a building of the present invention as set forth in claim 3, since the outer wall surface material is formed of a siding board, an outer wall surface rich in design can be formed.
[0032]
According to the construction method of the fireproof structure of the present invention as set forth in claim 4, it is possible to surely shield the flame even if the inside of the wall spreads, and the troublesome post-process for filling the gap with a fireproof joint material or the like can be omitted.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fireproof structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a fireproof structure of a building.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the fireproof covering material covering the beam.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a non-combustible plate.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Pillar 2, 2A Fireproof covering 3 Upper floor beam 4 Lower floor beam 5 Upper floor structure 6 Lower floor structure 7 Inner wall material 9 Wall space 10 Outer wall material 11, 11A Non-flammable plate 12 Mounting hardware 13 Fireproof material

Claims (4)

Covered with a fireproof covering between steel pillars covered with a fireproof covering, the steel floor beams on the lower floor are bridged, and the upper and lower floor structures are supported between the horizontally facing floor beams. A fireproof structure of a building in which a wall space is formed between the inner wall material and the outer wall material attached to the building frame,
A non-combustible plate that bisects the interior space of the wall into an outdoor side and an indoor side is erected in the interior space of the wall, and the sprayed refractory material is applied to cover the entire surface of the non-combustible plate, A fireproof structure of a building, characterized in that the gap between the edge of the incombustible plate and the building frame is airtightly closed with a sprayed fireproof material. The fireproof structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein the non-combustible plate is attached between an upper floor beam and a lower floor surface directly below the floor beam via an attachment hardware. The fireproof structure for a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer wall surface material is formed of a siding board. The upper and lower steel floor beams are bridged between the steel pillars, and the building frame is constructed by supporting the upper and lower floor structures between the horizontally facing floor beams. In the construction method of the fireproof structure of the building where the inner wall space is formed between the wall material and the outer wall material is attached,
Fixing a mounting hardware to the floor beam of the upper floor or the lower floor immediately below the floor beam, and standing the non-combustible plate that bisects the space in the wall into the outdoor side and the indoor side through the mounting hardware; , Covering each of the upper and lower floor beams and pillars with a fireproof covering material in advance, and then spraying the fireproof material on the indoor side of the incombustible plate, and the edge of the incombustible plate and the building frame A method for constructing a fire-resistant structure of a building, comprising: a step of air-tightly closing the gap with a fire-resistant material.

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