JP3859431B2 - Concrete restoration - Google Patents

Concrete restoration Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3859431B2
JP3859431B2 JP2000176630A JP2000176630A JP3859431B2 JP 3859431 B2 JP3859431 B2 JP 3859431B2 JP 2000176630 A JP2000176630 A JP 2000176630A JP 2000176630 A JP2000176630 A JP 2000176630A JP 3859431 B2 JP3859431 B2 JP 3859431B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
water
restoration
concrete
hole
restoration material
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JP2000176630A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001355342A (en
Inventor
昇 坂田
剛紀 平石
大介 林
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Kajima Corp
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Kajima Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は,既設コンクリートの修復法,より詳しくは,欠損部に打ち込んだ断面補修材を既設コンクリートと一体化させるコンクリート構造物の修復・補強法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
コンクリート構造物補修法の一つである断面修復工法は,既設コンクリートについて各種の劣化を起こした不健全部をはつり取り,その凹部(欠損部)に対して断面修復材を打ち込んで修復を図る工法であり,修復材としては,樹脂系のものとセメント系のものが良く知られている。
【0003】
樹脂系の修復材には,SBR系,EVA系,PAE系などのポリマーセメントモルタル(防せい剤添加系,再乳化型粉末樹脂配合系を含む)に類するものと,ポリエステル樹脂系,エポキシ樹脂系,アクリル樹脂系などのポリマーモルタル(レジンモルタル)に類するものが知られている。セメント系の修復材としては普通ポルトランドセメント,早強ポルトランドセメント,超速硬セメントなどのセメント,骨材,コンクリート用混和剤などを配合した普通セメントモルタルまたはコンクリート等が知られている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
いずれにしても,断面修復工法では欠損部の旧コンクリートと修復材との一体化を図ることは一般に困難である。その理由としては,旧コンクリートでは水和反応が既に終結しており,あとで打ち込む修復材(セメント系の場合)との一体化が起き難いこと,旧コンクリートと修復材の収縮性状や剛性が相違することなどが考えられる。
【0005】
このように,従来の断面修復工法ではどのような修復材を使用するにしても,旧コンクリートと修復材との一体化を図ることが困難であり,多くの場合,数年で断面修復した界面で剥がれ,再度補修を要することが一般的であった。
【0006】
なお,断面修復箇所にアンカーを取り付けて剥落を防止することもある。この場合には,界面が剥がれてもすぐに剥落することはないが,剥がれた隙間から水分や塩分が侵入して劣化を促進させることになる。
【0007】
したがって,本発明の目的はこのような問題を解決し,修復材と旧コンクリートの一体化が図れるような手段を提供するにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記の課題を解決するために本発明によれば,既設コンクリートの欠損部に断面修復材を打ち込むコンクリートの修復法において,該欠損部の表面に含水結晶形成性の無機質止水材を塗布したあとに該断面修復材を打ち込み,該修復材がほぼ固化した時点で該止水材塗布層を突き抜けるに十分な深さの孔を当該修復材部分に穿孔し,この孔に水を装填した状態で養生すること,さらには,この養生のあと,該孔にアンカー筋と硬化材を挿入してアンカー筋を孔内で固定することを特徴とする既設コンクリートの修復法を提供する。ここで,含水結晶形成性の無機質止水材としては,3CaO・2SiO2・3H2Oを主体とする無機質の結晶を形成する止水材であるのが好ましい。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
断面修復工法では,各種の劣化を起こした不健全部をはつり取りなどして母材コンクリート(旧コンクリート)の表面を露出させ,そのはつり取りした凹部(欠損部)に修復材を打ち込むことが行われるが,欠損部に露出する旧コンクリートは既に水和反応が終結している場合が殆んどである。したがって,打ち込まれる修復材自身は硬化反応を起こすとしても,旧コンクリート表面と再び水和反応等の反応によって一体化が生ずるようなことは期待できない。両材料間での一体化に寄与するとすれば,修復材が旧コンクリート表面から出来るだけ内部に浸透して硬化反応を起こす場合である。このようにして付着強度を高めるようにした断面修復材や下地処理材等も種々開発されていはいるものの,これにも限界があり,真の材料同士の一体化は困難である。
【0010】
もし,修復材が固化したあとでも修復材と旧コンクリートとの間で何らかの反応が起きるような手段が採れれば,すなわち,どのような修復材が使用された場合でも,その修復材と旧コンクリートとの間で懸け渡しをするような新たな反応を進行させることができれば,両者を一体化できるかも知れない。本発明は,この点に着目してなされたものであり,このような懸け渡しの反応を含水結晶形成性の無機質止水材を用いて行わせる点に特徴がある。止水材の分野において,水和反応が終了したコンクリートの空隙内で含水結晶を生成させて止水する無機質止水材が知られている。このような止水材を,断面修復工法における修復材と旧コンクリートの間に適正な条件下で介在させておくと,当該含水結晶の生成によって両材料の一体化を図ることができることがわかった。
【0011】
水和反応が終了したコンクリートの空隙内で,3CaO・2SiO2・3H2Oを主体とする無機質の含水結晶を徐々に生成させるコンクリートの止水材(例えば商品名ザイペックス)が知られている。これは,ポルトランドセメント,シリカサンド(0.2mm)および刺激剤(触媒性化合物:水ガラスやMgとSiのフッ化物等)から構成されるものであり,漏水があるコンクリート表面に塗布すると止水することができる。その原理は,刺激剤が既設コンクリート中のCaと錯体結合して水に溶けやすくすることでSiとの反応を促進させ,普通の状態では水和反応を殆んど起こさない既設コンクリート中で水和反応を促し,その反応生成物(3CaO・2SiO2・3H2Oを主体とする無機質の含水結晶)が空隙内で成長することによって空隙が埋められ,ひび割れ等からの漏水を止めるものである。
【0012】
断面修復工法において,既設コンクリートの欠損部にこのような止水材を塗布してから断面修復材を打ち込み,その修復材がほぼ固化したあと,止水材塗布層を突き抜けるに十分な深さの孔を当該修復材部分に穿孔し,この孔に水を装填した状態で養生すると,この水の供給を受けて,セメントの硬化体組織とほぼ同じような3CaO・2SiO2・3H2Oを主体とする無機質の含水結晶を微細な空隙内で進行・増殖させることができ,これによって,固化した修復材と旧コンクリートとを一体化させることができる。また,養生後は孔から水を抜き,孔にアンカー筋と硬化材を挿入してアンカー筋を孔内で固定すれば,養生孔をロックボルトと同様な機能を果たして,修復材の脱落防止に役立てることができる。
【0013】
以下に図面に従って本発明の態様をより具体的に説明する。
【0014】
図1は,既設コンクリート1の法面2に対して断面修復する本発明例を示したもので,該法面2に形成された欠損部(凹部)の露出コンクリート表面全体に対して,前記の含水結晶形成性の無機質止水材,例えばジャパン・ザイペックス株式会社から発売されている商品名ザイペックス(以下,単に止水材という)を塗布して止水材層3を形成する。止水材の塗布は粉末状止水材を水と混和したうえでブラシで塗るか,スプレーで行うことができる。
【0015】
止水材層3の塗布が終えたら,断面修復材4を止水材層3の上の欠損部に打ち込む。修復材4は樹脂系の修復材またはセメント系の修復材のいずれも使用できるが,どちらかと言えばセメント系の修復材の方が好ましい。この修復材4の打ち込み自身は,従来の断面修復工法の場合と何等異なるところはない。次いで,この修復材4がほぼ固化した時点(修復材4の打ち込み後,1週間程度経た時点)で,修復材4を貫通し且つ止水材層3を突き抜けるまで(既設コンクリート1の旧コンクリート内に50〜100mm入り込むまで),ドリルで孔5を穿孔する。孔5の径は直径10〜20mm,孔5の数はピッチ300〜500mmの間隔をあけて修復材4のほぼ全面積を覆うに必要な数とするのがよい。ここまでが図1の工程aである。
【0016】
ついで,図1の工程bのように,各孔5に水6を入れ各孔5に栓6を施し,この満水状態を数週間保持する。この養生期間中に各孔5内の水6は止水材層3およびその周囲の空隙内に侵入し,この水の供給によって,止水材層3から含水結晶8が成長増殖し続ける。より具体的には,3CaO・2SiO2・3H2Oを主体とする含水結晶が旧コンクリートの空隙内と,場合によってはさらに修復材4の空隙内に生成し続ける。したがって,ほぼ1ケ月を経過した時点では,欠損部における旧コンクリート1と補修材4との界面部分はこの含水結晶8の生成によって一体化してしまう。
【0017】
このようにして,本発明によれば,断面補修工法における旧コンクリートと補修材との界面部分における空隙内で水和反応による含水結晶の層8が生成・増殖するので該界面が密実に一体化する。このため,従来のように界面が剥がれるような事態を回避できる。図1の工程bにおいて,一体化が完了した養生終了後は孔5から水を抜き,グラウトを注入して封入してもよいが,次の図2のようにこの孔をアンカー筋用に利用することもできる。
【0018】
図2は,補修面9が下向きの既設コンクリート1に対して断面修復する本発明例を示したもので,図1の場合と同様に,該止水材の層3を介して補修材4を打ち込み,補修材4がほぼ固化した時点で孔5を穿設し,この孔5に水6を入れて栓7で孔内に水を封入した状態で養生する(図2の工程A)。この水の存在によって,図1の場合と同様に,止水材層3から含水結晶8が成長し続けるが,この増殖がほぼ終了したら(約1カ月の養生が終えたら)各孔5から水を抜く(図2の工程B)。そして,この水抜きした各孔にアンカー筋10を差し,樹脂系注入材等の硬化材を注入してアンカー筋10を固定する(図2の工程C)。
【0019】
図2の例でも,図1の場合と全く同様に,水和反応による含水結晶の層8が空隙内で生成・増殖して旧コンクリートと補修材との界面が密実に一体化する。そして,カンアー筋10がさらに両者の接合強度の向上に寄与する。したがって,たとえ補修面8が下向きであっても,補修材が旧コンクリートから剥がれ落ちるような事態が回避できる。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように,本発明によれば,断面修復工法における修復材と旧コンクリートとの界面の一体化がなされるので,修復材が旧コンクリートから剥がれるような事態を回避できる。そして,この一体化は水和反応による新たな結合層(含水結晶層)の生成によって行われるので,旧コンクリートと修復材との結合強度が向上する。したがって,コンクリートの断面修復工法の改善に大きく寄与できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に従う断面修復工法の1例を示す図解工程図である。
【図2】本発明に従う断面修復工法の他の例を示す図解工程図である。
【符号の説明】
1 既設コンクリート
2 法面
3 含水結晶形成性の無機質止水材の層(止水材層)
4 補修材
5 孔
6 孔内の水
7 栓
8 含水結晶の層
9 下向きの補修面
10 アンカー筋
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for repairing existing concrete, and more particularly, to a method for repairing / reinforcing a concrete structure in which a cross-sectional repair material driven into a defect portion is integrated with existing concrete.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The cross-section restoration method, one of the concrete structure repair methods, is a construction method in which unhealthy parts that have caused various deteriorations of existing concrete are picked up and repaired by implanting a cross-section restoration material into the recesses (defects). As restoration materials, resin-based materials and cement-based materials are well known.
[0003]
Resin-based restorative materials include SBR, EVA, and PAE polymer cement mortars (including anti-corrosive additives and re-emulsifying powder resin blends), polyester resins, and epoxy resins A polymer mortar (resin mortar) such as acrylic resin is known. Known cement-based restoration materials include ordinary portland cement, early-strength portland cement, cement such as ultra-fast cement, ordinary cement mortar or concrete containing an admixture for aggregate, concrete, and the like.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In any case, it is generally difficult to integrate the old concrete and the restoration material in the missing part with the cross-section restoration method. The reason for this is that the hydration reaction has already ended in old concrete, and it is difficult to integrate with a restoration material (for cement) that will be driven in later, and there is a difference in shrinkage and rigidity between old concrete and restoration material. It is possible to do.
[0005]
In this way, it is difficult to integrate the old concrete with the restoration material, no matter what kind of restoration material is used in the conventional section restoration method. In general, it was peeled off and repaired again.
[0006]
In some cases, an anchor may be attached to the cross-sectional repair site to prevent peeling. In this case, even if the interface is peeled off, it does not peel off immediately, but moisture and salt enter from the peeled gap to promote deterioration.
[0007]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a means for solving such a problem and integrating the restoration material and the old concrete.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, according to the present invention, in a concrete repairing method in which a cross-section repair material is driven into a defect portion of existing concrete, a water-containing crystal-forming inorganic water stop material is applied to the surface of the defect portion. When the restoration material is driven into the hole, a hole having a depth sufficient to penetrate the water-stopping material coating layer is drilled when the restoration material is almost solidified, and the hole is filled with water. There is provided a method for repairing existing concrete, characterized by curing, and further, after this curing, an anchor bar and a hardening material are inserted into the hole and the anchor bar is fixed in the hole. Here, the water-containing crystal-forming inorganic water-stopping material is preferably a water-stopping material that forms inorganic crystals mainly composed of 3CaO.2SiO 2 .3H 2 O.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the cross-section repair method, unhealthy parts that have caused various deteriorations are removed by exposing the surface of the base material concrete (old concrete) and the restoration material is driven into the recessed parts (defects) that have been removed. However, most of the old concrete exposed at the defect has already been hydrated. Therefore, even if the restoration material to be driven itself undergoes a hardening reaction, it cannot be expected that the old concrete surface will be integrated again by a reaction such as a hydration reaction. If it contributes to the integration between the two materials, the restoration material penetrates as much as possible from the surface of the old concrete and causes a hardening reaction. Although various cross-sectional restoration materials and base treatment materials have been developed in this way to increase the adhesion strength, there are limits to this, and it is difficult to integrate the true materials.
[0010]
If any measures can be taken between the restoration material and the old concrete even after the restoration material has solidified, that is, whatever the restoration material is used, the restoration material and the old concrete are used. If a new reaction can be promoted, the two may be integrated. The present invention has been made paying attention to this point, and is characterized in that such a transfer reaction is performed using a water-containing crystal-forming inorganic water-stopping material. In the field of water-stopping materials, inorganic water-stopping materials are known that generate water-containing crystals in the voids of concrete after the hydration reaction to stop water. It was found that when such a water-stopping material was placed under appropriate conditions between the restoration material and the old concrete in the cross-section restoration method, the two materials could be integrated by the formation of the water-containing crystals. .
[0011]
There is known a concrete water-stopping material (for example, trade name Zypex) that gradually generates inorganic water-containing crystals mainly composed of 3CaO.2SiO 2 .3H 2 O in the voids of the concrete after the hydration reaction. This is composed of Portland cement, silica sand (0.2 mm) and stimulant (catalytic compound: water glass, fluoride of Mg and Si, etc.). can do. The principle is that the stimulant is complex-bonded with Ca in the existing concrete to make it soluble in water, thereby promoting the reaction with Si. Under normal conditions, the water in the existing concrete hardly causes hydration. Promotes the sum reaction, and the reaction product (inorganic water-containing crystals mainly composed of 3CaO.2SiO 2 .3H 2 O) grows in the voids, filling the voids and stopping water leakage from cracks, etc. .
[0012]
In the cross-section restoration method, after applying such a water-stopping material to the existing concrete defects, the cross-section restoration material is driven in, and after the restoration material has almost solidified, the depth is sufficient to penetrate the water-stopping material coating layer. When a hole is drilled in the restoration material part and cured in a state where water is loaded in this hole, the water is supplied and 3CaO · 2SiO 2 · 3H 2 O, which is almost the same as the hardened cementitious tissue, is mainly used. The inorganic water-containing crystal can be propagated and propagated in the fine voids, which makes it possible to integrate the solidified restoration material and the old concrete. After curing, drain the water from the hole, insert anchor bars and hardening material into the hole, and fix the anchor bars in the hole. The curing hole functions in the same way as a lock bolt to prevent the restoration material from falling off. Can be useful.
[0013]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
FIG. 1 shows an example of the present invention in which a cross section is repaired with respect to a slope 2 of an existing concrete 1, and the above-described exposed concrete surface of a defective portion (concave portion) formed on the slope 2 is The water-stopping material layer 3 is formed by applying a water-containing crystal-forming inorganic water-stopping material, for example, the product name zypex (hereinafter, simply referred to as a water-stopping material) sold by Japan Zypex Co., Ltd. The water-stopping material can be applied by mixing a powder water-stopping material with water and then applying with a brush or spraying.
[0015]
When the application of the water-stopping material layer 3 is completed, the cross-section repair material 4 is driven into a defect portion on the water-stopping material layer 3. As the restoration material 4, either a resin-type restoration material or a cement-type restoration material can be used, but a cement-type restoration material is more preferable. The implantation of the restoration material 4 itself is not different from the conventional cross-sectional restoration method. Next, when the restoration material 4 is almost solidified (about one week after the restoration material 4 is driven), the restoration material 4 is penetrated and penetrated through the water blocking material layer 3 (in the old concrete of the existing concrete 1). Hole 5) with a drill. The diameter of the holes 5 is preferably 10 to 20 mm, and the number of the holes 5 is preferably a number necessary to cover almost the entire area of the restoration material 4 with a pitch of 300 to 500 mm. This is step a of FIG.
[0016]
Next, as shown in step b of FIG. 1, water 6 is put into each hole 5 and a stopper 6 is applied to each hole 5, and this full water state is maintained for several weeks. During this curing period, the water 6 in each hole 5 enters the water-stopping material layer 3 and the surrounding voids, and the water-containing crystals 8 continue to grow and proliferate from the water-stopping material layer 3 by supplying this water. More specifically, water-containing crystals mainly composed of 3CaO.2SiO 2 .3H 2 O continue to be generated in the voids of the old concrete and, in some cases, in the voids of the restoration material 4. Therefore, when almost one month has passed, the interface portion between the old concrete 1 and the repair material 4 in the missing portion is integrated by the generation of the water-containing crystal 8.
[0017]
Thus, according to the present invention, the water-containing crystal layer 8 is formed and propagated by the hydration reaction in the voids in the interface portion between the old concrete and the repair material in the cross-sectional repair method, so that the interface is tightly integrated. To do. For this reason, it is possible to avoid a situation where the interface peels off as in the prior art. In step b of FIG. 1, after curing is completed, water may be drained from the hole 5 and grout may be injected and sealed, but this hole is used for anchor muscle as shown in FIG. You can also
[0018]
FIG. 2 shows an example of the present invention in which the repair surface 9 is repaired in cross section with respect to the existing concrete 1 with the repair surface 9 facing downward, and the repair material 4 is passed through the water-stopping material layer 3 in the same manner as in FIG. When the repairing material 4 is almost solidified, a hole 5 is formed, and water 6 is put into the hole 5 and cured with a plug 7 filled with water (step A in FIG. 2). Due to the presence of this water, the water-containing crystal 8 continues to grow from the water-stopping material layer 3 as in the case of FIG. 1, but when this multiplication is almost complete (after the curing for about one month), water from each hole 5 Is removed (step B in FIG. 2). Then, anchor bars 10 are inserted into the drained holes, and a hardening material such as a resin-based injection material is injected to fix the anchor bars 10 (step C in FIG. 2).
[0019]
In the example of FIG. 2 as well, in the same manner as in FIG. 1, the hydrated crystal layer 8 is generated and propagated in the voids, and the interface between the old concrete and the repair material is closely integrated. The kanna muscle 10 further contributes to improving the joint strength between the two. Therefore, even if the repair surface 8 faces downward, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the repair material is peeled off from the old concrete.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the interface between the restoration material and the old concrete is integrated in the cross-section restoration method, so that the situation where the restoration material is peeled off from the old concrete can be avoided. And since this integration is performed by the generation of a new bond layer (hydrous crystal layer) by hydration reaction, the bond strength between the old concrete and the restoration material is improved. Therefore, it can greatly contribute to the improvement of the concrete cross-section repair method.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an illustrative process diagram showing an example of a cross-sectional repair method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an illustrative process diagram showing another example of a cross-sectional repair method according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Existing concrete 2 Slope 3 Water-resistant crystal-forming inorganic water-stopping material layer (water-stopping material layer)
4 Repair material 5 Hole 6 Water in hole 7 Plug 8 Layer of water-containing crystal 9 Downward repair surface 10 Anchor muscle

Claims (3)

既設コンクリートの欠損部に断面修復材を打ち込むコンクリートの修復法において,該欠損部の表面に含水結晶形成性の無機質止水材を塗布したあとに該断面修復材を打ち込み,該修復材がほぼ固化した時点で該止水材塗布層を突き抜けるに十分な深さの孔を当該修復材部分に穿孔し,この孔に水を装填した状態で養生することを特徴とするコンクリートの修復法。In the concrete repairing method, in which a cross-section restoration material is driven into the defect portion of the existing concrete, the surface restoration material is applied to the surface of the flaw portion, and then the cross-section restoration material is driven into the solidified portion. A method for repairing concrete, characterized in that a hole having a depth sufficient to penetrate through the water-stopping material coating layer is formed in the restoration material portion, and the hole is cured with water loaded therein. 既設コンクリートの欠損部に断面修復材を打ち込む既設コンクリートの修復法において,該欠損部の表面に含水結晶形成性の無機質止水材を塗布したあとに該断面修復材を打ち込み,該修復材がほぼ固化した時点で該止水材塗布層を突き抜けるに十分な深さの孔を当該修復材部分に穿孔し,この孔に水を装填した状態で養生し,ついで該孔にアンカー筋と硬化材を挿入してアンカー筋を孔内で固定することを特徴とする既設コンクリートの修復法。In the restoration method for existing concrete, in which the restoration material for the existing concrete is driven into the defect portion of the existing concrete, the surface restoration material is applied to the surface of the defect portion, the inorganic restoration material is applied, and then the restoration material is almost At the time of solidification, a hole having a depth sufficient to penetrate the water-stopping material coating layer is drilled in the restoration material portion, and the hole is filled with water, and then the anchor muscle and the hardening material are put into the hole. A method for repairing existing concrete, which is characterized by inserting and fixing anchor bars in the hole. 既設コンクリートの欠損部は,既設コンクリートの不健全部をはつり取った凹部である請求項1または2に記載の既設コンクリートの修復法。The restoration method for existing concrete according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the missing part of the existing concrete is a recess formed by removing an unhealthy part of the existing concrete.
JP2000176630A 2000-06-13 2000-06-13 Concrete restoration Expired - Lifetime JP3859431B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008280760A (en) * 2007-05-10 2008-11-20 Taisei Corp Shear reinforcing method and filler injection method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008280760A (en) * 2007-05-10 2008-11-20 Taisei Corp Shear reinforcing method and filler injection method

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