JP3857846B2 - Condenser motor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a capacitor motor capable of reversible operation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a capacitor phase advance type single-phase induction motor called a capacitor motor has a short-winding main / auxiliary winding arranged at a 90-degree electrical angle on a stator core, or wound in a symmetrical winding, or As described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 41-11497, a 4-pole electric motor has a 12-slot stator core with short-pitch main and auxiliary windings arranged at an electrical angle of 120 degrees to improve torque characteristics. There is a roll.
[0003]
As an example of short-winding main and auxiliary windings placed on a stator core at an electrical angle of 90 degrees and wound in a symmetrical winding, FIG. 5 shows the winding arrangement of the motor, and FIG. 6A shows the wiring diagram. There is something to show. The motor shown in FIG. 5 forms a four-pole symmetric shaft stator in which stator teeth 16 and slots 16 are uniformly formed in the stator core, and eight windings are wound. The windings are arranged so that the electrical angle is 90 degrees.
[0004]
That is, as shown in the wiring diagram of FIG. 6A, when the power source is switched to the solid line side with respect to the polarity of the capacitor, the stator teeth (1) to (1) to (1) to (1) to ( 3) A magnetic pole is generated, and then a magnetic pole is generated on the stator teeth (1) to (5) around which the main winding 1 is wound, and the stator teeth (1) to (16) are sequentially formed. The rotating magnetic field moves from the right side to the left side of the wiring diagram. As a result, the rotor of the electric motor in FIG. 5 rotates in the clockwise direction.
[0005]
When this motor is actually operated as a reversible motor, the magnetomotive force (field) generated in each stator tooth (1) to (8) ((9) to (16) is equal to (1) to (8)) FIG. 6B shows the change of the magnetic flux) with respect to time. As can be understood from this, the magnitude of the magnetomotive force (field magnetic flux) sufficient to obtain good torque characteristics can be ensured, but the phase of the magnetomotive force between the stator teeth varies considerably.
[0006]
In addition, as an example of an asymmetrical winding in which a short pole main and auxiliary windings are wound around a 12-slot stator iron core at an electrical angle of 120 degrees to improve torque characteristics in a 4-pole motor, the winding of the motor A layout diagram is shown in FIG. 3, and a wiring diagram is shown in FIG. The motor shown in FIG. 3 shows a case of a four-pole asymmetric shaft stator in which eight windings are wound around a stator having 12 slots with a uniform slot interval. The main and auxiliary windings 1 and 2 are wound at an electrical angle of 120 degrees, and the main winding 1 and the auxiliary winding 2 are wound so that the winding directions are opposite to each other. One winding side of each of the complementary windings is housed in the same common slot 3, and the other winding side is individually housed in a separate slot 4.
[0007]
The stator iron core in this example is a rounded stator iron core, and the direction of 45 degrees with respect to the width direction of the opposing straight line portion in 12 slots in the four-pole stator iron core, in other words, round corners of the iron core four corners. The occupied sectional area of the four slots 3 located at the center is increased, and one side of each of the main and auxiliary windings 1 and 2 is accommodated in the slot 3 as described above, and the other occupied sectional area is Each of the other eight winding sides is stored in the small eight slots 4 alone.
[0008]
As a result, as shown in the wiring diagram of FIG. 4A, when the power source is switched to the solid line side with respect to the polarity of the capacitor, the directions of the currents flowing through the main winding 1 and the auxiliary winding 2 are opposite to each other. It becomes. Then, a magnetic pole is generated on the stator teeth (1) and (2) around which the main winding 1 is wound, and then the auxiliary winding 2 wound in the opposite direction to the main winding 1 is wound. Magnetic poles are generated in the stators (2) and (3), and the rotating magnetic field sequentially moves from the right side to the left side of the wiring diagram toward the stator teeth (1) to (12). As a result, the rotor (not shown) of the electric motor shown in FIG. 3 rotates in the clockwise direction.
[0009]
When this motor is actually operated as a reversible motor, the magnetomotive force (field) generated in each stator tooth (1) to (6) ((7) to (12) is equal to (1) to (6)) The change with time of the magnetic flux is as shown in FIG. 4B, and the magnitude of the magnetomotive force (field magnetic flux) sufficient to obtain good torque characteristics can be secured, but the occurrence between the stator teeth. The phase of the magnetic force will vary considerably.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since most of these conventional capacitor motors assume only a one-way rotation load as an operating condition, the reversible motors for both forward and reverse rotations have a wire diameter of main winding and auxiliary winding, It is necessary to make the specifications such as the number of turns the same, and it is difficult to optimally design both the torque characteristics and the electromagnetic vibration characteristics. In many cases, the torque characteristics are prioritized. It was larger than the electric motor. Therefore, the present invention provides a winding specification and a capacitor value that provide both the best torque characteristics and electromagnetic vibration characteristics as a robust, long-life and inexpensive reversible type motor that is used in equipment that requires forward and reverse rotation loads. An object is to provide a capacitor motor that can be set.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the capacitor motor according to the first aspect of the present invention, when winding a coil having 4n coils on a stator core having 6n slots, both the main and auxiliary windings are wound on one of the winding sides. Are housed in the same common slot, and the other winding sides are individually housed in separate slots, and are arranged so that the electrical angle of the main and auxiliary windings is 60 degrees to form a 2n pole asymmetric shaft stator. Configured.
[0012]
This makes it possible to set winding specifications and capacitor values that provide the best torque characteristics and electromagnetic vibration characteristics during forward / reverse rotation, reduce noise in devices that require forward / reverse rotation loads, and other components. It is possible to realize a robust, long-life and inexpensive capacitor motor that can prevent the influence on the motor.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, the present invention will be described based on examples with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a winding layout of a capacitor motor of the present invention, and FIG. 2A shows a wiring diagram. The capacitor motor according to the present invention is generally a 2n-pole motor with a rounded stator core, where n is a natural number, and a stator core with 6n slots wound with 4n coils. However, as an embodiment, the description will be given below with respect to a quadrupole motor having a rounded stator core in which n = 2 as in the case of FIG.
[0014]
The winding arrangement of the motor shown in FIG. 1 is a four-pole asymmetric shaft stator in which eight windings are wound around a stator having 12 slots with a uniform slot interval. The main winding 1 and the auxiliary winding 2 are both short-pitch windings in this example, and the main and auxiliary windings 1 and 2 have an electrical angle of 60 degrees, and the main winding 1 and the auxiliary winding 2 Are wound so that their winding directions are the same. One winding side of each of the main and auxiliary windings 1 and 2 is housed in the same common slot 3, and the other winding side is housed separately in a separate slot 4.
[0015]
As in the case of FIG. 3, the rounded stator core is in a 45-degree direction with respect to the width direction of the opposed straight portion in 12 slots in the 4-pole stator core, in other words, rounded portions at the four corners of the core. The four occupied slots 3 are formed in a large sectional area, and one side of each of the main and auxiliary windings 1 and 2 is placed in the slot 3 as described above. Further, the other winding sides of the main and auxiliary windings 1 and 2 are housed independently in the eight slots 4 in which the occupied sectional areas of the other portions are formed small.
[0016]
As a result, as shown in the wiring diagram of FIG. 2A, when the power source is switched to the solid line side with respect to the polarity of the capacitor, the direction of the current flowing through the main winding 1 and the auxiliary winding 2 is the same direction. It becomes. Then, a magnetic pole is generated on the stator teeth (1) and (2) around which the auxiliary winding 2 is wound, and then the stator teeth (2) and (3) around which the main winding 1 is wound. A magnetic field is generated in the magnetic field, and the rotating magnetic field moves sequentially from the right side to the left side of the wiring diagram toward the stator teeth (1) to (12). As a result, the rotor of the electric motor in FIG. 1 rotates in the clockwise direction.
[0017]
Driving in the counterclockwise direction can be achieved by switching the power source to the dotted line side with respect to the polarity of the capacitor. When this motor is actually operated as a reversible motor, the magnetomotive force generated in each stator tooth (1) to (6) ((7) to (12) is equal to (1) to (6)) The change with respect to time is as shown in FIG. 2 (B). Compared with the magnetomotive force distribution of the stator teeth of the conventional motor shown in FIGS. 4 (B) and 6 (B), The variation in the magnitude of the magnetomotive force (field magnetic flux) of the capacitor motor was small, and good torque characteristics could be obtained, and the phase of the magnetomotive force between the stator teeth became substantially uniform and the variation was small.
[0018]
Thus, by arranging the main winding and auxiliary winding of the capacitor motor, which is an asymmetric winding reversible motor, at an electrical angle of 60 degrees, the magnetomotive force of the stator teeth due to the current flowing in the main winding and auxiliary winding ( The winding and capacitor values can be set so that the field magnetic flux is a substantially ideal rotating magnetic field under normal load (slip 0 to 0.2). At this time, there is a capacitor capacity value that minimizes electromagnetic vibration with respect to the winding specification (the same specification for both the main and auxiliary windings). By using this value, the winding specification can be easily adjusted to easily obtain torque characteristics. And it can be designed so that the vibration characteristics become the best point.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention can set a winding specification and a capacitor value that provide the best torque characteristics and electromagnetic vibration characteristics during forward / reverse rotation, and can be used for devices that require forward / reverse rotation loads. It is possible to realize a robust, long-life and inexpensive capacitor motor that can reduce noise during forward operation or reverse operation and prevent influence on other components.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a winding layout diagram of a capacitor motor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a wiring diagram of a capacitor motor of the present invention.
(B) Magnetomotive force distribution of the stator teeth of the capacitor motor of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a winding layout diagram of a conventional capacitor motor.
FIG. 4A is a wiring diagram of a conventional capacitor motor.
(B) Magnetomotive force distribution of stator teeth of a conventional capacitor motor.
FIG. 5 is a winding layout diagram of another conventional capacitor motor.
6A is a wiring diagram of another conventional capacitor motor. FIG.
(B) Magnetomotive force distribution of stator teeth of other conventional capacitor motors.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Main winding 2 Auxiliary winding 3 Slot with large occupied sectional area 4 Slot with small occupied sectional area

Claims (1)

When winding 4n coils on a stator core with 6n slots, both the main and auxiliary windings have one winding side in the same common slot and the other winding side. Is placed in a separate slot and arranged so that the electrical angle of the main and auxiliary windings is 60 degrees to form a 2n-pole asymmetric shaft stator.

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