JP3857603B2 - Friction stir welding method and tool thereof - Google Patents

Friction stir welding method and tool thereof Download PDF

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JP3857603B2
JP3857603B2 JP2002062235A JP2002062235A JP3857603B2 JP 3857603 B2 JP3857603 B2 JP 3857603B2 JP 2002062235 A JP2002062235 A JP 2002062235A JP 2002062235 A JP2002062235 A JP 2002062235A JP 3857603 B2 JP3857603 B2 JP 3857603B2
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friction stir
stir welding
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JP2003260572A (en
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昌邦 江角
一成 福寄
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Hitachi Ltd
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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、摩擦攪拌接合方法およびそれに使用される回転工具に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
摩擦攪拌接合方法の回転工具は、接合部に挿入する小径部と外部に位置する大径部からなる。小径部と大径部の境は、接合部に若干挿入されている。小径部と大径部は、同軸である。これは、特許３０７０７３５号（ＵＳＰ６０５０４７４）に示されている。
【０００３】
板の突き合わせ部を摩擦攪拌接合する場合は、板は架台に載せてある。回転工具の小径部は板の裏面（架台側）近くまで挿入している。この場合、回転工具の挿入が過大になると、小径部の先端が架台に接触する。そうなると、種々の不都合を生じる。例えば、板が架台に接合され、両者が離れなくなる。一方、回転工具の挿入が不足すると、板の裏面と側に未接合部が発生し、強度的に劣る。この挿入代の過不足は、板、架台、摩擦攪拌接合装置の精度等の種々の要因によって発生する。
【０００４】
そこで、小径部を大径部に対して伸縮自在に設け、小径部が架台に接触すると、その荷重によってばねに抗じて小径部を後退させ、小径部が架台に強く接触しないようにしている。これはＵＳＰ５７１８３６６に示されている。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
小径部が架台に接触すると後退するようにすれば、小径部の先端を架台の近くまで挿入できるので、未接合が少なくなり、良好な接合ができる。
【０００６】
しかしながら、回転工具は極めて大きな力で挿入されている。通常時は小径部が後退しないようにしなければならない。このため、小径部を押し付けるばね力は大きい。大きなばねを必要とし、回転工具が大きくなっている。小径部といいながらもその径は比較的大きいので、ばね力を大きくする必要がある。
【０００７】
本発明は、未接合や架台との接合を減少させる摩擦攪拌接合方法を提供するものである。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、大径部の先端に第１の小径部を有し、該第１の小径部の先端から第２の小径部を突出させており、前記第２の小径部を前記第１の小径部に対して伸縮自在にした工具を用い、前記第２の小径部は伸縮自在にばねで該第２の小径部の先端側に押圧してあり、架台に載せた板材に前記第１の小径部及び前記第２の小径部を挿入し、前記第２の小径部の先端は架台の近傍まで挿入しており、前記第２の小径部はばねによって先端側に押しており、該第２の小径部の軸方向端部から前記ばね側にかかる荷重によって前記第２の小径部が前記ばね側に伸縮自在な状態で、前記工具を回転させながら移動させること、を特徴とするものである。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の一実施例を図１〜図５によって説明する。図３において、上部右のＡは下部左のＡに接続する。また、図１、図４、図５は、センター部材２４０と円筒部材２１０との結合部、特に、回り止め部２４４との関係は理解を容易にするための断面図にしている。このため、センター部材２４０と円筒部材２１０との結合部、特に、回り止め部２４４との関係は図２、図３の関係が正しい。
【００１０】
摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具２００は、円筒状の部材２１０と、円筒状部材２１０の先端部に取付けた摩擦攪拌接合用工具部材２３０、工具部材２３０から若干突出させたセンター部材２４０、これを押し圧するばね２５０、ばね２５０を固定する固定部材２６０からなる。円筒部材２１０は、摩擦攪拌接合装置が回転工具２００をつかみ、回転させる部分である。
【００１１】
円筒部材２１０の一端には小径の円筒部２１２があり、この部分には外ねじ２１３がある。円筒部２１２の先端側には半径方向に沿った溝２１５を設けている。円筒部材２１０の他端の内面にはねじ２１８を設けている。
【００１２】
工具部材２３０は、小径部２３１とショルダ部と称される大径部２３３を有する。小径部２３１側の大径部２３３の端面には中心側が凹んだテーパー部２３４を有する。小径部２３１の外面にはねじを有する。周知のように、小径部２３１は接合すべき板材３０に挿入され、大径部２３３の一部も板材３０に挿入される。
【００１３】
小径部２３１の反対側の大径部２３３の端部には円筒部２３６がある。円筒部の内面には円筒部２１２のねじ２１４に羅合するねじがある。この螺合によって円筒部２３６の端面は円筒部材２１０の端面に接触して、固定される。工具部材２３０の回転中心には貫通する孔２３８がある。孔２３８は円筒部２３６、大径部２３３および小径部２３１を貫通するものである。
【００１４】
センター部材２４０は、工具部材２３０の孔２３８を貫通する第２の小径部２４１と、回り止め部２４４と、円柱状の基部２４７等からなる。第２の小径部２４１は孔２３８を貫通して、その先端を小径部２３１の先端から突出させている。回り止め部２４４は軸方向に対して直交する方向の断面がほぼ長方形であり、円筒部２３６の内部に入り、円筒部２３６の底（大径部２３３の端部）２３６ｂに接触している。基部２４７は断面が円形である。基部２４７の先端にはばね２５０の内側に入る突出部２４８がある。小径部２３１、２４１の先端は円弧状である。
【００１５】
回り止め部２４４は溝２１５に入っている。また、円形の基部２４７は円筒部２１２に入っている。
【００１６】
コイルばね２５０は円筒部材２１０に挿入されている。ばね２５０の一端はセンター部材２４０の基部２４７の端面に接触している。固定部材２６０をねじ２１８に螺合し、センター部材２４０を所定の力で押し付けている。固定部材２６０の先端にはばね２５０の内部に入る突出部２６２がある。固定部材２６０の他端の頭部２６３の外形はスパナをかけるために六角形である。東部２６３の端部は円筒部材２１０の端部に接触している。頭部２６３が円筒部材２６０に接触するまで固定部材２６０を締めることによって、ばね２５０は所定の力で押し付けられる。
【００１７】
以上のものを図１のように組み立てると、通常では第２の小径部２４１の先端が小径部２３１から若干突出している。突出量は、例えば、１．０ｍｍである。接合時は、０．５ｍｍの突出状態まで回転工具２００を挿入している。０．５ｍｍの突出状態から０．５ｍｍ後退できる。また、０．５ｍｍの突出状態からさらに０．５ｍｍ突出できる。つまり、小径部２３１の伸縮量の最大値は１．０ｍｍである。
【００１８】
工具部材２３０を円筒部材２１０に螺号させた際、工具部材２３０の円筒部２３６の先端が円筒部材２１０の端部に接触している。この状態で、円筒部２３６の底２３６ｂと溝２１４の底面２１４ｂとの間に回り止め部２４４が入っている。底２３６ｂと溝２１５の底面２１５ｂとの距離は、回り止め部２４４の厚さよりも厚い。両者の隙間が第２の小径部２４１の伸縮代となる。
【００１９】
例えば、小径部２３１の径は６ｍｍ、第２の小径部２４１の径は３．５ｍｍである。このように第２の小径部２４１の径は小さい。このため、小径部２３１を筒状部材２１０に対して伸縮させる場合の比べて、ばね２６０の力を小さくできる。このため、ばね２５０を小径のコイルばねにでき、筒状部材２１０に挿入でき、回転工具２００の径を小さくできるものである。
【００２０】
回転工具２００を接合すべき部材に挿入する力は極めて大きい。例えば、大径部の径が１５ｍｍで約７００Ｋｇである。この力で第２の小径部２４１が後退してはならない。ばね２５０の押し付け力は、回転工具の挿入力と第２の小径部２４１の径によって定まる。
【００２１】
かかる回転工具２００を架台２０に載せた一対の板材３０に挿入し、回転させながら移動させて摩擦攪拌接合する。回転工具２００の上端よりも第２の小径部の先端が移動方向の前方に位置するように傾斜している。板材３０の上方には摩擦攪拌接合装置から板材３０の上面までの距離を測定する光学センサがある。この光学センサで検出した値で、回転工具２００の高さ位置を定める。摩擦攪拌接合中に常時検出を行い、回転工具２００の高さ位置を常時定める。
【００２２】
このため、小径部２３１、第２の小径部２４１の先端から裏当て板２０までの距離はほぼ一定になる。しかしながら、光学センサ、回転工具２００の高さ位置を定める装置、板材３０、架台２０の精度、また、架台２０、摩擦攪拌接合装置の剛性等の要因として、第２の小径部２４１（小径部２３１）の先端の位置は異なる。架台２０は鉄製である。
【００２３】
図４は、本発明の回転工具２００の摩擦攪拌接合時の作用を示す説明する縦断面図である。回転工具２００を挿入した状態が図４（ａ）とする。この状態において、第２の小径部２４１の先端と架台２０の上面２０ｂとの間隙はＧ１（例えば、０．２ｍｍ以下である。）である。この状態で第２の小径部２４１は０．５ｍｍ突出しているので、小径部２３１の先端と架台２０の上面２０ｂとの間隙Ｇ２は、前記例で言えば０．７ｍｍ以下である。間隙Ｇ１が０．２ｍｍ以下であれば、突き合わせ部に未接合を生じないで接合できる。この間隙Ｇ１（０．２ｍｍ以下）を目標値として回転工具２００を挿入する。
【００２４】
図４（ｂ）のように、何らかの原因で第２の小径部２４１の先端と架台２０の上面２０ａとの間隙Ｇ１が所定の値より小さくなると、第２の小径部２４１の先端が架台２０の上面２０ａに接触する。これによって第２の小径部２４１に上向きの力が作用するので、直ちに第２の小径部２４１は後退する。なお、第２の小径部２４１の先端と架台２０の上面２０bとの間には極めて薄い金属の膜ができると考えられる。これによって、板部材３０と架台２０との接合を防止できると考えられる。
【００２５】
このため、図４（ｃ）のように、第２の小径部２４１の先端と小径部２３１の先端とが実質的に同一面になるまで、架台２０の上面と回転工具２００の先端との間隔Ｇ２を小さくできる。前記例で言えば、第２の小径部２４１の先端と架台２０の上面２０ａとの間隙Ｇ２が０．７ｍｍまで小さくなることを許容できる。
【００２６】
したがって、最大０．７ｍｍの範囲で第２の小径部２４１と架台２０との接触を実質的に防止でき、両者の接合を防止できるものである。また、第２の小径部２４１や小径部２３１の先端から架台２０までの間隙Ｇ１、Ｇ２を小さくでき、未接合部を少なくできるものである。なお、小径部２４１の先端から板材３０の裏面までに間隙Ｇ１があっても、第２の小径部２４１の先端の近傍は該第２の小径部２４１や小径部２３１の先端によって摩擦攪拌接合されるので、未接合部をなくすることができる。
【００２７】
一方、何等かな理由で間隙Ｇ１が増大すると、第２の小径部２４１は架台２０に接触するまで突出する。最大１．０ｍｍの突出が可能である。この状態が図５である。さらに、突出した第２の小径部２４１の先端と架台２０の上面との間には０．２ｍｍ程度の隙間があっても未接合を生じないので、間隙Ｇ１は１．２ｍｍ程度まで許容できる。
【００２８】
これによれば、第２の小径部２４１の伸縮によって摩擦攪拌接合が影響される範囲は第２の小径部２４１の突出範囲のみであり、小径部２３１を伸縮させる場合と比べて影響範囲を小さくでき、伸縮による悪影響を小さくできると考えられる。
【００２９】
第２の小径部２４１は小径部２３１でガイドされているので、小径であっても曲げ変形を抑制して容易に伸縮できる。
【００３０】
第２の小径部２４１は若干径の大きい小径部２３１の近傍にあるので、板材３０、３０の突き合わせ部に隙間がある場合でも、十分摩擦攪拌され、接合ができる。
【００３１】
実際は次のようにするべきと考える。第２の小径部２４１の伸縮量が最大１．０ｍｍとすると、第２の小径部２４１が伸縮量の半分の０．５ｍｍ突出した状態で、第２の小径部２４１と架台２０との間の間隙Ｇ１が０ｍｍとなる（第２の小径部２４１が架台２０との間には薄い金属層があると考えられる。）ように挿入する。これを目標位置とする。これを正常時とする。
【００３２】
これによれば、何らかの理由で間隙Ｇ１が小さくなると、第２の小径部２４１は後退する。０．５ｍｍまでの間隙Ｇ１の縮小まで対応できる。一方、何等かな理由で間隙Ｇ１が増大すると、前記のように第２の小径部２４１は架台２０に接触するまで突出する。このときの第２の小径部２４１の突出量は最大１．０ｍｍである。
【００３３】
なお、摩擦攪拌接合に当たって、摩擦攪拌接合装置は円筒状部材２１０をつかんで回転させる。工具２００の回転方向が右回転であるとすると、小径部２３１のねじは右ねじである。工具部材２３０を円筒状部材２１０に固定するねじ２１３は左ねじである。また、固定具２６０を固定するねじ２１８は右ねじである。
【００３４】
このように、回転工具２００の回転方向に対して、工具部材２３０を固定するねじ２１３のねじの方向は逆であるので、回転工具２００の回転によって工具部材２３０は締め付けられ、工具部材２３０の他の固定手段を不要にできるものである。
【００３５】
なお、第２の小径部２４１の先端にはねじを設けていない。第２の小径部の先端部にねじを設けると、ねじの谷と貫通孔２３８との間の隙間に流動化した金属が入り、第２の小径部２４１が伸縮しない恐れがある。この意味で第２の小径部にはねじを設けないことが望ましい。なお、ねじを設ける場合は第２の小径部２４１の先端部のみに設けたので十分である。すなわち、第２の小径部２４１が最大突出する範囲にねじがあればよい。また、ねじによって前記金属を外側に押すように、ねじの方向を定める。回転工具２００の回転方向が右回転であれば、第２の小径部は左ねじである。
【００３６】
第２の小径部２４１の先端に小径部２３１と同程度の径の第３の小径部を設けてもよい。第３の小径部は第２の小径部２４１に固定している。第３の小径部は第２の小径部とともに回転する。第２の小径部２４１および第３の小径部の伸縮のために、小径部２３１の先端と第３の小径部との間には隙間がある。回転工具の組立てのために、第３の小径部は第２の小径部とは別部材とし、ねじ等で固定している。または、第３の小径部と第２の小径部２４１とを一体で設け、第２の小径部２４１と基部２４７とを別部材とし、第２の小径部２４１と基部２４７とを適宜な手段（例えば、ねじ）で固定する。
【００３７】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、工具先端と架台との間隙が過小となったときには、工具先端を後退させるので、工具先端が架台に接触せず、良好な摩擦攪拌接合を行うことができるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施例の摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具の断面図。
【図２】図１のII−II断面図。
【図３】図１の摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具の分解斜視図。
【図４】本発明の摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具の作用を示す説明図。
【図５】本発明の摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具の作用を示す説明図。
【符号の説明】
１ 摩擦攪拌接合装置
２０ 架台
３０ 板材
２００ 摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具
２１０ 円筒部材
２１２ 円筒部
２１３ ねじ
２１５ 溝
２３０ 工具部材
２３１ 小径部
２３３ 大径部
２３６ 円筒部
２４０ センター部材
２４１ 第２の小径部
２４４ 回り止め部
２４７ 基部
２５０ ばね
２６０ 固定具[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a friction stir welding method and a rotary tool used therefor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The rotary tool of the friction stir welding method includes a small diameter portion inserted into the joint portion and a large diameter portion located outside. The boundary between the small diameter portion and the large diameter portion is slightly inserted into the joint. The small diameter portion and the large diameter portion are coaxial. This is shown in US Pat. No. 3,070,735 (USP 6050474).
[0003]
When friction stir welding is performed on the butt portion of the plate, the plate is placed on a gantry. The small-diameter part of the rotary tool is inserted as close as possible to the back side of the plate (the base side). In this case, when the insertion of the rotary tool becomes excessive, the tip of the small diameter portion comes into contact with the gantry. If so, various disadvantages occur. For example, the plate is joined to the gantry and the two cannot be separated. On the other hand, when the rotary tool is insufficiently inserted, unbonded portions are generated on the back surface and the side of the plate, resulting in poor strength. This excess or deficiency in the insertion allowance is caused by various factors such as the accuracy of the plate, the gantry, and the friction stir welding apparatus.
[0004]
Therefore, the small-diameter portion is provided so as to be able to expand and contract with respect to the large-diameter portion, and when the small-diameter portion comes into contact with the gantry, the small-diameter portion is retracted against the spring by the load, so . This is shown in USP 5718366.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
If the small-diameter portion retreats when it comes into contact with the gantry, the tip of the small-diameter portion can be inserted close to the gantry, so that there is less unbonded and good bonding can be achieved.
[0006]
However, the rotating tool is inserted with an extremely large force. Normally, it is necessary to prevent the small diameter portion from retreating. For this reason, the spring force which presses a small diameter part is large. A large spring is required and the rotating tool is large. Although it is said to be a small diameter part, its diameter is relatively large, so it is necessary to increase the spring force.
[0007]
The present invention provides a friction stir welding method that reduces non-bonding and bonding with a gantry.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has a first small-diameter portion at the distal end of the large-diameter portion, the second small-diameter portion is projected from the distal end of the first small-diameter portion, and the second small-diameter portion is Using a tool that can expand and contract with respect to the small-diameter portion, the second small-diameter portion is elastically pressed against the distal end side of the second small-diameter portion with a spring, and the plate material placed on a pedestal is attached to the first material. small-diameter portion and inserting said second small diameter portion, the distal end of the second small diameter portion is inserted to the vicinity of the frame, the second small diameter portion is pushed distally by the spring, the second The tool is moved while rotating in a state where the second small diameter portion can be expanded and contracted to the spring side by a load applied to the spring side from the axial end portion of the small diameter portion.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 3, the upper right A is connected to the lower left A. 1, 4, and 5 are cross-sectional views for facilitating understanding of the connection between the center member 240 and the cylindrical member 210, particularly the relationship with the rotation stopper 244. For this reason, the relationship between the coupling portion between the center member 240 and the cylindrical member 210, particularly the rotation preventing portion 244, is correct as shown in FIGS.
[0010]
The friction stir welding rotary tool 200 includes a cylindrical member 210, a friction stir welding tool member 230 attached to the tip of the cylindrical member 210, a center member 240 slightly protruded from the tool member 230, and presses the same. It comprises a spring 250 and a fixing member 260 for fixing the spring 250. The cylindrical member 210 is a part where the friction stir welding apparatus grips and rotates the rotary tool 200.
[0011]
A cylindrical member 212 having a small diameter is provided at one end of the cylindrical member 210, and an external screw 213 is provided at this part. A groove 215 along the radial direction is provided on the distal end side of the cylindrical portion 212. A screw 218 is provided on the inner surface of the other end of the cylindrical member 210.
[0012]
The tool member 230 has a small diameter part 231 and a large diameter part 233 called a shoulder part. The end surface of the large-diameter portion 233 on the small-diameter portion 231 side has a tapered portion 234 that is recessed on the center side. A screw is provided on the outer surface of the small diameter portion 231. As is well known, the small diameter portion 231 is inserted into the plate material 30 to be joined, and a part of the large diameter portion 233 is also inserted into the plate material 30.
[0013]
A cylindrical portion 236 is provided at the end of the large diameter portion 233 opposite to the small diameter portion 231. On the inner surface of the cylindrical portion, there is a screw that fits the screw 214 of the cylindrical portion 212. By this screwing, the end surface of the cylindrical portion 236 comes into contact with the end surface of the cylindrical member 210 and is fixed. There is a through hole 238 at the center of rotation of the tool member 230. The hole 238 passes through the cylindrical portion 236, the large diameter portion 233 and the small diameter portion 231.
[0014]
The center member 240 includes a second small diameter portion 241 that passes through the hole 238 of the tool member 230, a rotation preventing portion 244, a columnar base portion 247, and the like. The second small diameter portion 241 passes through the hole 238 and protrudes from the tip of the small diameter portion 231. The anti-rotation portion 244 has a substantially rectangular cross section in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction, enters the inside of the cylindrical portion 236, and contacts the bottom of the cylindrical portion 236 (the end portion of the large diameter portion 233) 236b. The base 247 has a circular cross section. At the tip of the base 247 is a protrusion 248 that goes inside the spring 250. The tips of the small diameter portions 231 and 241 are arcuate.
[0015]
The detent portion 244 is in the groove 215. A circular base 247 is in the cylindrical portion 212.
[0016]
The coil spring 250 is inserted into the cylindrical member 210. One end of the spring 250 is in contact with the end surface of the base 247 of the center member 240. The fixing member 260 is screwed onto the screw 218, and the center member 240 is pressed with a predetermined force. A protruding portion 262 that enters the inside of the spring 250 is provided at the tip of the fixing member 260. The outer shape of the head 263 at the other end of the fixing member 260 is a hexagon for applying a spanner. The end of the east part 263 is in contact with the end of the cylindrical member 210. By tightening the fixing member 260 until the head 263 contacts the cylindrical member 260, the spring 250 is pressed with a predetermined force.
[0017]
When the above is assembled as shown in FIG. 1, the tip of the second small diameter portion 241 usually projects slightly from the small diameter portion 231. The protrusion amount is, for example, 1.0 mm. At the time of joining, the rotary tool 200 is inserted to a protruding state of 0.5 mm. It is possible to retreat 0.5 mm from the protruding state of 0.5 mm. Further, it can further protrude 0.5 mm from the protruding state of 0.5 mm. That is, the maximum value of the expansion / contraction amount of the small diameter portion 231 is 1.0 mm.
[0018]
When the tool member 230 is screwed onto the cylindrical member 210, the tip of the cylindrical portion 236 of the tool member 230 is in contact with the end portion of the cylindrical member 210. In this state, a detent portion 244 is inserted between the bottom 236 b of the cylindrical portion 236 and the bottom surface 214 b of the groove 214. The distance between the bottom 236 b and the bottom surface 215 b of the groove 215 is thicker than the thickness of the detent portion 244. The gap between the two becomes the expansion / contraction allowance of the second small diameter portion 241.
[0019]
For example, the diameter of the small diameter part 231 is 6 mm, and the diameter of the second small diameter part 241 is 3.5 mm. Thus, the diameter of the second small diameter portion 241 is small. For this reason, compared with the case where the small diameter part 231 is expanded-contracted with respect to the cylindrical member 210, the force of the spring 260 can be made small. For this reason, the spring 250 can be a small-diameter coil spring, can be inserted into the tubular member 210, and the diameter of the rotary tool 200 can be reduced.
[0020]
The force for inserting the rotary tool 200 into the members to be joined is extremely large. For example, the diameter of the large diameter portion is about 700 kg at 15 mm. The second small diameter portion 241 should not be retracted by this force. The pressing force of the spring 250 is determined by the insertion force of the rotary tool and the diameter of the second small diameter portion 241.
[0021]
The rotary tool 200 is inserted into a pair of plate members 30 mounted on the gantry 20, and moved while rotating to be friction stir welded. The tip of the second small diameter portion is inclined so as to be located in front of the moving direction from the upper end of the rotary tool 200. Above the plate 30 is an optical sensor that measures the distance from the friction stir welding apparatus to the upper surface of the plate 30. The height position of the rotary tool 200 is determined by the value detected by this optical sensor. Detection is always performed during friction stir welding, and the height position of the rotary tool 200 is always determined.
[0022]
For this reason, the distance from the front-end | tip of the small diameter part 231 and the 2nd small diameter part 241 to the backing plate 20 becomes substantially constant. However, the second small-diameter portion 241 (small-diameter portion 231) is a factor such as the accuracy of the optical sensor, the device for determining the height position of the rotary tool 200, the accuracy of the plate member 30 and the gantry 20, and the rigidity of the gantry 20 and the friction stir welding device. ) The tip position is different. The gantry 20 is made of iron.
[0023]
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view for explaining the operation during friction stir welding of the rotary tool 200 of the present invention. A state in which the rotary tool 200 is inserted is shown in FIG. In this state, the gap between the tip of the second small diameter portion 241 and the upper surface 20b of the gantry 20 is G 1 (for example, 0.2 mm or less). Since this second small-diameter portion 241 states are 0.5mm projects, the gap G 2 between the upper surface 20b of the tip and pedestal 20 of the small-diameter portion 231 is 0.7mm or less in terms of the above example. If the gap G 1 is 0.2mm or less, it can be joined without causing unbonded to the abutted portion. The rotary tool 200 is inserted with the gap G 1 (0.2 mm or less) as a target value.
[0024]
4 as shown in (b), when the gap G 1 between the upper surface 20a of the tip and frame 20 of the second small-diameter portion 241 for some reason is smaller than a predetermined value, the tip of the second small-diameter portion 241 is pedestal 20 In contact with the upper surface 20a. As a result, an upward force acts on the second small-diameter portion 241, and the second small-diameter portion 241 immediately retracts. It is considered that an extremely thin metal film is formed between the tip of the second small diameter portion 241 and the upper surface 20b of the gantry 20. It is considered that this can prevent the plate member 30 and the mount 20 from being joined.
[0025]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4C, the distance between the top surface of the gantry 20 and the tip of the rotary tool 200 until the tip of the second small diameter portion 241 and the tip of the small diameter portion 231 are substantially flush with each other. G2 can be reduced. In the above example, the gap G2 between the tip of the second small diameter portion 241 and the upper surface 20a of the gantry 20 can be allowed to be reduced to 0.7 mm.
[0026]
Accordingly, the contact between the second small diameter portion 241 and the gantry 20 can be substantially prevented within the range of 0.7 mm at the maximum, and the joining of both can be prevented. Further, the gaps G 1 and G 2 from the tips of the second small diameter part 241 and the small diameter part 231 to the gantry 20 can be reduced, and the unjoined part can be reduced. Even if there is a gap G 1 from the tip of the small diameter portion 241 to the back surface of the plate member 30, the vicinity of the tip of the second small diameter portion 241 is friction stir welded by the tips of the second small diameter portion 241 and the small diameter portion 231. Therefore, an unjoined part can be eliminated.
[0027]
On the other hand, if something like kana gap G 1 because of the increased second small-diameter portion 241 protrudes until it contacts the frame 20. A maximum protrusion of 1.0 mm is possible. This state is shown in FIG. Furthermore, since no unbonded even gap of about 0.2mm between the upper surface of the tip and the platform 20 of the second small diameter portion 241 that protrudes, a gap G 1 is acceptable up to about 1.2mm .
[0028]
According to this, the range in which the friction stir welding is affected by the expansion and contraction of the second small diameter portion 241 is only the protruding range of the second small diameter portion 241, and the range of influence is smaller than the case where the small diameter portion 231 is expanded and contracted. It is considered that the adverse effects due to expansion and contraction can be reduced.
[0029]
Since the second small diameter portion 241 is guided by the small diameter portion 231, even if it is a small diameter, it can be easily expanded and contracted while suppressing bending deformation.
[0030]
Since the second small-diameter portion 241 is in the vicinity of the small-diameter portion 231 having a slightly larger diameter, even when there is a gap in the abutting portion of the plate members 30 and 30, sufficient friction stirring is performed and bonding can be performed.
[0031]
In fact, I think it should be as follows. Assuming that the expansion / contraction amount of the second small-diameter portion 241 is 1.0 mm at the maximum, the second small-diameter portion 241 protrudes 0.5 mm, which is half of the expansion / contraction amount, between the second small-diameter portion 241 and the gantry 20. gap G 1 is a 0 mm (second small diameter portion 241 is considered to have a thin metal layer between the pedestal 20.) as to insert. This is the target position. This is normal.
[0032]
According to this, the gap G 1 is reduced for some reason, the second small-diameter portion 241 is retracted. It can accommodate up to reduction of the gap G 1 of up to 0.5mm. On the other hand, if something like kana gap G 1 because of the increased second small-diameter portion 241 protrudes until it contacts the frame 20 as described above. The protrusion amount of the second small diameter portion 241 at this time is 1.0 mm at the maximum.
[0033]
In the friction stir welding, the friction stir welding apparatus grasps and rotates the cylindrical member 210. If the rotation direction of the tool 200 is right rotation, the screw of the small diameter portion 231 is a right screw. The screw 213 that fixes the tool member 230 to the cylindrical member 210 is a left-hand screw. The screw 218 for fixing the fixture 260 is a right-hand screw.
[0034]
Thus, since the direction of the screw of the screw 213 that fixes the tool member 230 is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotary tool 200, the tool member 230 is tightened by the rotation of the rotary tool 200, and the tool member 230 The fixing means can be made unnecessary.
[0035]
Note that no screw is provided at the tip of the second small diameter portion 241. If a screw is provided at the tip of the second small diameter portion, fluidized metal may enter the gap between the screw valley and the through hole 238, and the second small diameter portion 241 may not expand and contract. In this sense, it is desirable not to provide a screw on the second small diameter portion. In addition, when providing a screw, since it provided only in the front-end | tip part of the 2nd small diameter part 241, it is enough. That is, it is only necessary that the second small-diameter portion 241 has a screw in a range where the second small-diameter portion 241 protrudes to the maximum. The direction of the screw is determined so that the metal is pushed outward by the screw. If the rotation direction of the rotary tool 200 is right rotation, the second small diameter portion is a left-hand thread.
[0036]
A third small diameter portion having a diameter similar to that of the small diameter portion 231 may be provided at the tip of the second small diameter portion 241. The third small diameter portion is fixed to the second small diameter portion 241. The third small diameter portion rotates together with the second small diameter portion. Due to the expansion and contraction of the second small diameter part 241 and the third small diameter part, there is a gap between the tip of the small diameter part 231 and the third small diameter part. For the assembly of the rotary tool, the third small diameter portion is a separate member from the second small diameter portion and is fixed with screws or the like. Alternatively, the third small-diameter portion and the second small-diameter portion 241 are integrally provided, the second small-diameter portion 241 and the base portion 247 are separate members, and the second small-diameter portion 241 and the base portion 247 are appropriately disposed ( For example, it is fixed with screws.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, when the gap between the tool tip and the gantry becomes too small, the tool tip is retracted, so that the tool tip does not contact the gantry and good friction stir welding can be performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary tool for friction stir welding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the rotary tool for friction stir welding shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the rotary tool for friction stir welding of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the rotary tool for friction stir welding of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Friction stir welding apparatus 20 Base 30 Plate material 200 Friction stir welding rotary tool 210 Cylindrical member 212 Cylindrical part 213 Screw 215 Groove 230 Tool member 231 Small diameter part 233 Large diameter part 236 Cylindrical part 240 Center member 241 Around second small diameter part 244 Stop portion 247 Base 250 Spring 260 Fixing tool

Claims (11)

大径部の先端に第１の小径部を有し、該第１の小径部の先端から第２の小径部を突出させており、前記第２の小径部を前記第１の小径部に対して伸縮自在にした工具を用い、
前記第２の小径部は伸縮自在にばねで該第２の小径部の先端側に押圧してあり、
架台に載せた板材に前記第１の小径部及び前記第２の小径部を挿入し、前記第２の小径部の先端は架台の近傍まで挿入しており、
前記第２の小径部はばねによって先端側に押しており、該第２の小径部の軸方向端部から前記ばね側にかかる荷重によって前記第２の小径部が前記ばね側に伸縮自在な状態で、前記工具を回転させながら移動させること、
を特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合方法。A first small-diameter portion is provided at the distal end of the large-diameter portion, a second small-diameter portion is protruded from the distal end of the first small-diameter portion, and the second small-diameter portion is made to protrude from the first small-diameter portion. Using a tool that can be expanded and contracted,
The second small diameter portion is elastically pressed against the distal end side of the second small diameter portion with a spring,
The first small diameter portion and the second small diameter portion are inserted into the plate material placed on the gantry, and the tip of the second small diameter portion is inserted to the vicinity of the gantry,
The second small-diameter portion is pushed to the tip side by a spring, and the second small-diameter portion can be expanded and contracted to the spring side by a load applied to the spring side from the axial end of the second small-diameter portion. Moving the tool while rotating,
A friction stir welding method characterized by the above. 請求項１の摩擦攪拌接合方法において、
前記第２の小径部の先端が前記架台に接触することを目標位置として前記板材に挿入すること、
を特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合方法。In the friction stir welding method according to claim 1,
Inserting the tip of the second small-diameter portion into the plate as a target position that the tip contacts the gantry;
A friction stir welding method characterized by the above. 請求項１の摩擦攪拌接合方法において、
前記第２の小径部の先端が前記架台に接触することによって第２の小径部の後退を行うこと、
を特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合方法。In the friction stir welding method according to claim 1,
Retreating the second small diameter portion by bringing the tip of the second small diameter portion into contact with the mount;
A friction stir welding method characterized by the above. 請求項１の摩擦攪拌接合方法において、
前記第２の小径部は前記第１の小径部および前記大径部を貫通していること、
を特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合方法。In the friction stir welding method according to claim 1,
The second small diameter portion passes through the first small diameter portion and the large diameter portion;
A friction stir welding method characterized by the above. 筒状部材と、A tubular member;
大径部の先端に第１の小径部を備え、前記大径部を前記筒状部材の端部に固定した工具部材と、  A tool member provided with a first small-diameter portion at the tip of the large-diameter portion, and fixing the large-diameter portion to an end portion of the cylindrical member;
該工具部材の回転中心に設けた貫通孔に挿入され、先端が前記第１の小径部の先端より突出した第２の小径部を有するセンター部材と、  A center member having a second small diameter portion inserted into a through hole provided at the rotation center of the tool member and having a tip protruding from the tip of the first small diameter portion;
前記第１の小径部の先端から前記第２の小径部の先端が突出する方向に前記センター部材を押圧するばねと、  A spring that presses the center member in a direction in which the tip of the second small diameter portion protrudes from the tip of the first small diameter portion;
からなる摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具。  A rotary tool for friction stir welding. 請求項５記載の摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具において、
前記ばねは前記筒状部材内に配置していること、
を特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具。 The rotary tool for friction stir welding according to claim 5,
The spring is disposed within the tubular member;
A rotary tool for friction stir welding characterized by 請求項６記載の摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具において、
前記ばねの一端は前記センター部材に接触しており、他端は前記筒状部材に固定した固定金具に接触しており、
前記固定金具は前記筒状部材に螺合して固定しており、
前記固定部材の軸方向の一部は前記筒状部材の軸方向の一部に接触していること、
を特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具。The rotary tool for friction stir welding according to claim 6,
One end of the spring is in contact with the center member, and the other end is in contact with a fixing bracket fixed to the cylindrical member,
The fixing bracket is screwed and fixed to the cylindrical member,
A part of the fixing member in the axial direction is in contact with a part of the cylindrical member in the axial direction ;
A rotary tool for friction stir welding characterized by 請求項６記載の摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具において、
前記大径部と前記第１の小径部とは１つの部材から設けられており、
前記工具部材を前記円筒状部材に螺合させており、
前記工具部材の軸方向の一部は前記筒状部材の軸方向の一部に接触していること、
を特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具。The rotary tool for friction stir welding according to claim 6 ,
The large diameter part and the first small diameter part are provided from one member,
Said tool member and is screwed into the cylindrical member,
A part of the tool member in the axial direction is in contact with a part of the cylindrical member in the axial direction;
A rotary tool for friction stir welding characterized by 請求項５記載の摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具において、
前記第１の小径部から突出した前記第２の小径部の径は前記孔の貫通径よりも小さいこと、
を特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具。The rotary tool for friction stir welding according to claim 5 ,
The diameter of the second small diameter portion protruding from the first small diameter portion is smaller than the through diameter of the hole ;
A rotary tool for friction stir welding characterized by 請求項５記載の摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具において、
前記第２の小径部は軸方向の外面が直線状であること、
を特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具。The rotary tool for friction stir welding according to claim 5 ,
The second small diameter portion has an axial outer surface that is linear .
A rotary tool for friction stir welding characterized by 請求項５記載の摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具において、
前記センター部材の一部は前記筒状部材の端部の円筒部に入っており、
前記円筒部には半径方向に沿った溝があり、
前記センター部材には前記溝に入った回り止め部を有すること、
を特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合用回転工具。The rotary tool for friction stir welding according to claim 5 ,
A part of the center member is in the cylindrical portion at the end of the cylindrical member,
The cylindrical portion has a groove along the radial direction,
Rukoto in the center member having a detent portion which enters into the groove,
A rotary tool for friction stir welding characterized by
JP2002062235A 2002-03-07 2002-03-07 Friction stir welding method and tool thereof Expired - Fee Related JP3857603B2 (en)

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