JP3856231B2 - Color clear painted stainless steel plate with stable color tone - Google Patents

Color clear painted stainless steel plate with stable color tone Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3856231B2
JP3856231B2 JP2003178504A JP2003178504A JP3856231B2 JP 3856231 B2 JP3856231 B2 JP 3856231B2 JP 2003178504 A JP2003178504 A JP 2003178504A JP 2003178504 A JP2003178504 A JP 2003178504A JP 3856231 B2 JP3856231 B2 JP 3856231B2
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color
clear
coating film
clear coating
stainless steel
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JP2005014249A (en
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修一 杉田
和美 松原
謙一 大久保
浩治 森
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Nippon Steel Nisshin Co Ltd
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Nisshin Steel Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、基材の金属光沢を活かした鮮明な色調を呈し、且つ色調安定性に優れたカラークリア塗膜を設けた塗装ステンレス鋼板に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
家電製品,OA機器等の表装材として、クリア塗装を施した塗装金属板が使用され始めている。クリア塗装金属板は、金属光沢を活用した外観を呈することから、従来の着色塗装金属板では得られない雰囲気を醸し出す。
クリア塗装金属板は、着色剤を配合したクリア塗料を塗装原板表面に塗布し、焼付け乾燥することによって製造される。着色剤に染料を使用すると焼付け時に変色しやすく色調が安定しないので、有機顔料を通常使用している。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
有機顔料を配合したカラークリア塗膜1では、塗膜に入射した光Linの特定波長成分が有機顔料2に吸収され、残りの入射光Linが下地金属板3の表面で反射され、吸収波長成分を除く反射光Loutにより特定の色調が発現する(図1)。カラークリア塗膜1を入射光Linが透過している間で有機顔料2に吸収される光量は塗膜の厚みによって異なり、厚い塗膜ほど吸収量が大きく、薄い塗膜ほど吸収量が少ない。そのため、発現する色調の膜厚依存性が高く、僅かな膜厚変動によっても色調が微妙に変動しやすい。色調の変動は、製造ロットの異なるクリア塗装金属板を突き合わせて施工する場合に色ムラとして強調される。
【0004】
有機顔料による色調付与は、下地金属板3の金属光沢を損ない、L値が低く黒味がかった冷たい感じの色調を与えやすい。艶消し処理でL値の低下を防止できるが、艶消しによって塗膜の透明感が損なわれ、鮮映性も低くなって高級感がなくなる。
そこで、本発明者等は、有機顔料に代えて光の干渉作用で発色する発色顔料をクリア塗膜に分散させると、クリア塗膜の膜厚変動が色調に与える影響が抑えられ、色調安定性が良好で鮮明度の高いカラークリア塗装鋼板が得られることを見出し、特願2002−188364号として出願した。
【0005】
透明又は半透明の発色顔料を分散させたクリア塗膜を設けた塗装鋼板では、クリア塗膜1に透過した入射光Linが発色顔料4,下地金属板3の表面で反射する(図2)。発色顔料4,下地金属板3からの合計反射光Loutは、発色顔料4を透過して下地金属板3の表面で反射する光もあるため、入射光Linと光量がほぼ等しくなり、明度低下をきたさない。
発色顔料として鱗片状無機基質4aを透明な金属酸化物層4bで被覆した透明又は半透明発色顔料4(図3)を使用すると、発色顔料4表面で反射する入射光Linは、鱗片状無機基質4aからの反射光L1,金属酸化物層4bからの反射光L2に分かれる。反射光L1,反射光L2の間に光路差ΔL(2dsinθ:dはクリア塗膜1の膜厚,θは視射角)が生じるため、光路差ΔLに応じた干渉色の色調で発色した塗膜面が観察される。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、先願で提案したカラークリア塗装板が呈する独特な表面に着目し、更に色調発現について調査・研究を重ねた結果、下地金属板の表面状態によっても色調が影響されることを見出し、研磨仕上げ又はエンボス仕上げで適度な凹凸をつけた下地ステンレス鋼板を使用することにより、鮮明度の低下を抑えたカラークリア塗装ステンレス鋼板を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
本発明のカラークリア塗装ステンレス鋼板は、研磨仕上げ又はエンボス仕上げした金属光沢をもつステンレス鋼板を基材とし、その表面にアクリル系又はポリエステル系の有機樹脂からなるクリア塗膜が形成された塗装鋼板であって、前記クリア塗膜中に鱗片状無機基質を透明の金属酸化物で被覆した透明又は半透明の発色顔料が分散された基本構成をもっている。
下地ステンレス鋼板/クリア塗膜の間にアンダクリア塗膜,クリア塗膜の上にトップクリア塗膜を設けても良い。トップクリア塗膜は、発色顔料4を含まない透明度の高いアクリル系又はポリエステル系の有機樹脂からなる塗料から成膜される。アンダクリア塗膜も、発色顔料4を含まない透明度の高い樹脂塗料から成膜され、当該塗膜には透明度を損なわない範囲で明度調整用に顔料や染料を添加することもできる。トップクリア塗膜には、透明度の高い艶消し剤を配合しても良い。
【0008】
透明な金属酸化物としては、TiO2,SiO2,ZrO2,Fe23,SnO2,Fe34,Cr23,ZnO,Al23等が使用される。金属酸化物で被覆される鱗片状無機基質には、マイカフレーク,ガラスフレーク,アルミナフレーク,シリカフレーク等がある。金属酸化物層は、単層で或いは2種以上を複層として鱗片状無機基質に設けることができる。
【0009】
【作用】
本発明に従ったカラークリア塗装金属板では、研磨仕上げ又はエンボス仕上げで適度の凹凸を付けた下地金属板3を使用し、発色顔料4が分散したクリア塗膜1を下地金属板3の表面に設けている(図4)。発色顔料4は透明又は半透明の鱗片状無機基質4aを単層(図3a)又は複層(図3b)の透明金属酸化物4bでコーティングした顔料である。
発色顔料4が分散しているクリア塗膜1に入射した光Linは、発色顔料4の隙間を縫って或いは透過して下地金属板3の表面に達し、下地金属板3の表面で反射された反射光、及び発色顔料4の表面で反射された反射光になる。下地金属板3に研磨仕上げ又はエンボス仕上げで適度の凹凸が付けられているので、たとえば凹部3dや凸部(図示せず)に達した入射光Linは、平坦面に達した入射光Linと異なる方向に出射する反射光Lout'になる。その結果、下地金属板3の平坦面3fからの正反射光量が減少し、干渉作用で発現した色調が希釈されることなく高い鮮明度を維持する。
【0010】
発色顔料4の表面で反射する光は、鱗片状無機基質4aからの反射光L1と金属酸化物4bの表面からの反射光L2に分かれ(図3a)、反射光L1とL2との間に生じる光路差ΔL(2dsinθ;dはクリア塗膜1の膜厚,θは視射角)に応じた干渉色の色調で発色した塗膜面が観察される干渉色の色調は、金属酸化物の膜厚により調整される。具体的には、マイカをTiO2で被覆した発色顔料4を分散させたクリア塗膜1では、TiO2が厚膜になるに従ってシルバー,ゴールド,レッド,カッパー,ライラック,ブルー,グリーンに色調が変わる。
【0011】
複層4b1,4b2構成の金属酸化物層で鱗片状無機基質4aを被覆した発色顔料4(図3b)も使用できる。TiO2皮膜の上に更にFe23皮膜を積層すると鮮やかなゴールド色調でパール光沢感に富む発色顔料,FeTiO3皮膜を積層すると鮮やかなグレー系の色調でパール光沢感に富む発色顔料4,CoTiO3皮膜を積層すると鮮やかなグリーン系の色調でパール光沢感に富む発色顔料4が得られる。第1層の金属酸化物層4b1としても、TiO2以外に種々の透明金属酸化物を使用できる。
【0012】
相互に屈折率が異なる異種の金属酸化物層4b1,4b2で鱗片状無機基質4aを被覆した発色顔料4をクリア塗膜1に分散させると、入射光Linは鱗片状無機基質4aの表面で反射した反射光L1,金属酸化物層4b1の表面で反射した反射光L2,金属酸化物層4b2の表面で反射した反射光L3となる(図3b)。反射光L1は金属酸化物層4b1,4b2を透過する際に多重屈折した反射光であり、反射光L2は表層の金属酸化物層4b1で屈折された反射光である。透過,屈折,反射の複雑化により、光L1,L2,L3が合わさった反射光Loutで変化に富む色調が発現する。
【0013】
干渉色で発色されるクリア塗膜1は、有機顔料2を分散させた従来のカラークリア塗膜1の色調と異なり、反射光Loutの光量が入射光Linに比較して僅か反射光Lout'の分だけ少なくなっているだけであるため明度(L値)の低下が抑えられる。また、下地金属板3との界面を含むクリア塗膜1の厚み全域にわたって反射した反射光Loutが観察されることから、従来のカラークリア塗膜1に比較してクリア塗膜1の膜厚が色調に及ぼす影響が大幅に小さくなり、ロット間の色差偏差も抑制される。
【0014】
発色顔料4で反射しなかった入射光Linは、大半が発色顔料4を透過して下地金属板3で反射して反射光Loutになる。そのため、ステンレス鋼板特有の暗くて冷たい感じが和らげられ、下地金属板3の金属光沢を活かしながらもマイルドな色調が付与される。
更には、干渉作用による発色であることから、視射角によって色調が変わる。すなわち、ハイライトな角度である正反射光の近傍では色調が強く発現し、正反射光から離れるほど無彩色に近づく。R形状に成形した下地金属板3の使用等によって視射角による色調変化を利用すると、一層高級感が付与されたカラークリア塗装金属板が得られる。
【0015】
【実施の形態】
下地金属板3としては、光沢のある金属表面が観察される製品形態で使用されることから、ステンレス鋼が使用される
下地金属板3の表面で入射光Linを拡散反射させることから、研磨仕上げ又はエンボス仕上げで適度の凹凸を付けている。研磨仕上げにはバフ研磨を始めとして種々の方法を採用できるが、コイルフォームの金属板に対してはベルト研磨が最も効率的である。エンボス仕上げでは、ショットや放電加工により表面にダル目をつけたダルロール,エッチングにより表面に模様を彫り込んだエンボスロール等を使用して圧延することにより金属板表面に凹凸を付ける。
【0016】
研磨仕上げ又はエンボス仕上げ後の表面肌の凹凸と正反射光の関係を検討した結果、JIS B0601で規定する十点平均粗さRz(面粗度)が小さすぎると、下地金属板の正反射光成分が大き過ぎ、干渉作用で発現した色調が希釈されてしまう。そのため、面粗度をRz:1.0μm以上とし、JIS Z8741で規定する鏡面光沢度測定方法に従った60度鏡面光沢が400以下となるように下地金属板の光沢度を調整することが好ましい。
研磨仕上げ又はエンボス仕上げされた下地金属板3には、クリア塗膜1の形成に先立って脱脂・酸洗,クロメート処理,リン酸塩処理,クロムフリー処理等、適宜の塗装前処理が施される。
【0017】
クリア塗膜1を形成するためのクリア塗料は、透明度の高いアクリル系又はポリエステル系の有機樹脂からなるものとする。必要に応じてこれらの縮み模様を形成する樹脂や無機系ポリマーを配合した有機樹脂も使用できる。また、透明性を損なわない範囲で、防錆顔料,着色顔料,染料等を必要に応じて添加しても良い。
【0018】
クリア塗装金属板はクリア塗膜1を形成した後で製品形状に加工されることもあるので、下地金属板3に対する密着性,塗膜自体の柔軟性に富むことがクリア塗膜1に要求される。また、柔軟性に相反する機能として耐疵付き性が要求されることもある。このような目的に応じた特性を考慮してクリア塗料の樹脂系が選択され、たとえばメラミン,イソシアネート等の硬化剤を適宜配合してクリア塗膜1を形成することも可能である。
【0019】
クリア塗料に配合される発色顔料4は、マイカ,ガラスフレーク,アルミナフレーク,シリカフレーク等の鱗片状無機基質4aに湿式法,CVD法,粉末スパッタリング法等で金属酸化物4bの単層又は複層被覆を形成することにより製造される。下地金属板3の表面に沿った方向に鱗片状無機基質4aを配向させるほど発色顔料4の表面で入射光Linが反射する確率が高くなるので、鱗片状無機基質4aのアスペクト比(厚みに対する最大径の比率)が大きなものほど好ましい。具体的には、アスペクト比が60以上になると、大半の鱗片状無機基質4aが下地金属板3の表面と平行又はほぼ平行な配向性をもってクリア塗膜1に分散し、透明の金属酸化物4bの干渉色が強く発現して鮮やかな色調となり光輝感も強くなる。
【0020】
発色顔料4を透過して下地金属板3の表面に達する光を確保するため、発色顔料4は透明又は半透明である。発色顔料4の透明度は、発色顔料4が分散しているクリア塗膜の光透過率から判定でき、本発明では光透過率50%以上を透明又は半透明という。具体的には、発色顔料を10質量%配合したクリア塗料を板厚0.4mmのSUS430ステンレス鋼板に5μmの膜厚で塗装し、ダブルビーム,ダイノードフィードバックによるダイレクトレシオ方式の分光光度計を用い、波長500nmの可視光を照射したときの透過光を測定する。測定値を式:E=−logT=log(I0/I)〔E:吸光度,T:光透過率,I0:入射光強度,I:透過光強度〕に代入することにより、光透過率を算出する。発色顔料4の透明度は、鱗片状無機基質4a,金属酸化物層4bの材質や厚みによって制御できる。大きなアスペクト比は、鱗片状無機基質4aの透明度を高める上でも有効である。クリア塗膜1に分散している発色顔料4が透明又は半透明であるため、発色顔料4からの反射光強度が抑えられ、ギラギラ感が弱められる。
【0021】
マイカを鱗片状無機基質4aとして使用し、湿式法でTiO2被覆する場合、種々の方法を採用できる。たとえば、希薄なチタン酸水溶液にマイカを懸濁させて70〜100℃に加温し、チタン塩の加水分解生成物である水和酸化チタン粒子をマイカ表面に析出させた後、700〜1000℃で高温焼成することによりTiO2被覆が形成される。TiO2被覆の膜厚は、チタン塩の濃度,懸濁液の温度,処理時間等の処理条件によって制御できる。
粉末スパッタリング法で発色顔料4を製造する場合、マイカ,ガラスフレーク等の鱗片状無機基質4aを回転ドラムに入れ、Tiをターゲットとする反応性雰囲気下でスパッタリングすることにより、鱗片状無機基質4aの表面にTiO2被覆が形成される。
【0022】
屈折率が異なる複数の金属酸化物層4b1,4b2を鱗片状無機基質4aの表面に設ける場合、一層目の金属酸化物層4b1を形成した後、被覆原料を代えて一層目と同じ方法又は異なる方法で2層目の金属酸化物層4b2を形成する。
たとえば、TiO2被覆にFe23被覆を積層する場合、TiO2被覆顔料を懸濁させた水溶液を70〜100℃に加温し、鉄塩水溶液を添加して水酸化鉄を析出させた後、150〜200℃で乾燥することによりTiO2被覆にFe23被覆が積層される。Fe23被覆の膜厚は、鉄塩水溶液の濃度,懸濁液の温度,処理時間等によって制御できる。
【0023】
透明な金属酸化物4bで鱗片状無機基質4aを被覆した発色顔料4は、そのままでクリア塗料用樹脂に添加することも可能であるが、必要に応じて適宜の表面処理を施すことができる。表面処理では、クロム酸系,リン酸系,アルミナ系,ジルコニア系,セリウム系等の無機質表面処理剤や各種シランカップリング剤,チタネートカップリング剤,有機モノマー系等の有機質表面処理剤が使用される。表面処理により、クリア塗料用樹脂に対する発色顔料4の分散性及び隣接樹脂層との層間密着性が改善される。
【0024】
発色顔料4を配合したクリア塗料を塗装原板に塗布した後、クリア塗料の樹脂種や塗布量にもよるが200〜800℃で30〜120秒加熱することによってクリア塗膜1が下地金属板3に焼き付けられる。得られたクリア塗装金属板を観察すると、下地金属板3の金属光沢が活かされ、しかも無機質な冷たい感じを与える金属光沢がクリア塗膜1で和らげられているので、マイルドな色調の外観となる。安定した色調を得る上では、膜厚5〜20μmでクリア塗膜1を形成することが好ましい。
【0025】
クリア塗膜1は、屈折率の異なる複数のクリア塗料それぞれから成膜された複層構成であってもよい。この場合、個々の塗膜ごとに異なる色相の干渉色を発する発色顔料を分散させることが好ましい。複層構成のクリア塗膜に異なる発色顔料を分散させると、干渉色の交じり合いが少なくなり、結果として鮮明度の高い色相が発現する。また、反射・屈折が複雑に繰り返されることにより、極めて装飾性の高い表面をもつカラークリア塗装金属板となる。
【0026】
発色顔料4を分散させたクリア塗膜1の形成に先立って、下地金属板3に対する密着性を改善するため発色顔料4を含まないアンダクリア塗膜5を形成しても良い。アンダクリア塗膜5を形成するためのアンダクリア塗料は、塗料種に特段の制約が加わるものではなく、エポキシ樹脂,エポキシ変性ポリエステル樹脂,ウレタン樹脂,ウレタン変性エポキシ樹脂等が使用され、クロメート処理等の塗装前処理を施した下地金属板3とクリア塗膜1との密着性が一層向上する。アンダクリア塗膜5を形成する場合、アンダクリア塗膜5の膜厚を1〜10μmにすることが好ましい。
【0027】
アンダクリア塗料には、透明感を損なわない範囲で防錆顔料,着色顔料,染料等を必要に応じて添加することも可能である。或いは、積極的に明度を調整するため、半透明顔料をアンダクリア塗膜5に分散させても良い。半透明顔料の分散によってアンダクリア塗膜5の明度L値を25〜60の範囲に調整すると、クリア塗膜1における光の干渉作用で発色した色調の鮮明度が向上する。
【0028】
半透明顔料としては、光透過率が15〜90%の範囲にあり、カーボンブラック,グラファイト,金属酸化物,金属硫化物の1種又は2種以上から選ばれたフレークが好ましい。半透明顔料の光透過率は、可視光域の光(たとえば波長500nm)に対する値を示し、フレークの厚みやクリア塗料の顔料配合量によって所定範囲に収めることができる。同様に薄いフレークで半透明を呈するCrO,Co23,Co34,CuO,MnO,Mn23,Mn34,SnO,MoO3,MoO4等の金属酸化物やCrS,Cr23,CoS,CoS2,Co23,CuS,MnS2,MoS2,SnS,CuS,Cu2S,FeS等の金属硫化物も半透明顔料として使用できる。
【0029】
更に、クリア塗膜1の上にトップクリア塗膜6(図4)を重ねても良い。トップクリア塗膜6は、クリア塗膜1に分散している発色顔料4の配向を改善し、十分に平滑な塗膜面を形成する上で、膜厚t2が2〜15μmの範囲にあり、発色顔料分散クリア塗膜の膜厚t1との間にt2/t1=0.4〜1.5の関係を成立させることが好ましい。トップクリア塗膜6により、クリア塗膜1から発色顔料4が突出した部分が覆われ、下地金属板3の面内方向に配向する発色顔料4が高くなるため、光の干渉作用に好適な状態に発色顔料4の分散形態が適正化される。その結果、濁りのない鮮明な干渉色が発現する。
【0030】
トップクリア塗膜6形成用のクリア塗料は、発色顔料分散クリア塗膜1形成用のクリア塗膜と同種又は類似の塗料が好ましい。具体的には、透明度の高いアクリル系又はポリエステル系の有機樹脂からなるものとする。必要に応じてこれらの縮み模様を形成する樹脂や無機系ポリマーを配合した有機樹脂も使用できる。透明性を損なわない範囲で、防錆顔料,着色顔料,染料等を必要に応じてクリア塗料に添加しても良い。
【0031】
発色顔料分散クリア塗膜1,トップクリア塗膜6の形成に同種又は類似のベース樹脂をクリア塗料に使用すると、塗料焼付け条件をほぼ同じに設定できる。したがって、トップクリア塗膜6の焼付け時に発色顔料分散クリア塗膜1が軟化し、クリア塗膜1に分散している発色顔料4が基材・金属板3の面内方向に揃った形態に再配向される。再配向によって光反射に有効な発色顔料4の表面積が増加するので、光の干渉作用が強化され一層鮮やかで濁りのない色調が発現する。ベース樹脂を同種又は類似にすることは、発色顔料分散クリア塗膜1とトップクリア塗膜6との親和性を高め、層間剥離を防止する上でも有効である。
【0032】
【実施例1】
板厚0.4mm、板幅1000mmのコイル状SUS430ステンレス鋼板を塗装原板に使用し、研磨仕上げ,エンボス仕上げを施した。
研磨仕上げでは、コンタクトホイール方式のベルト研磨を採用し、ラインスピード:10m/分、ベルトスピード:1000m/分の研磨条件下で研磨番手を変えてステンレス鋼板の表面にランダムな研磨目をつけた。
エンボス仕上げでは、エッチングにより表面に模様を彫り込んだエンボスロールを使用し、圧延により凹凸の繰り返し模様のあるエンボス模様を鋼板表面に転写した。
【0033】
研磨仕上げ,エンボス仕上げ後の各ステンレス鋼板について、JIS B0601に規定する十点平均粗さRzを測定した。
また、光沢計(VG2000:日本電色工業株式会社製)を用いて、JIS Z8741に規定する鏡面光沢度測定方法に従って、各ステンレス鋼板の60度鏡面光沢を測定した。
次いで、ステンレス鋼板を2%塩酸で酸洗し、酸系の表面処理を施した後、クロム換算付着量20mg/m2の塗布型クロメート処理を施した。
【0034】
クリア塗料としては、高分子ポリエステル系クリア樹脂塗料(PM5000:日本ファインコーティングス株式会社製)に発色顔料を4%配合することにより用意した。発色顔料には、膜厚80nmのTiO2被覆を形成したアスペクト比150,中心粒径30μmのレッド色マイカフレークを使用した。
【0035】
TiO2被覆は、次の手順でマイカフレークの表面に形成した。
ホワイトマイカフレーク100gを水2リットルに懸濁させて75℃に加温した後、TiCl4溶液及びゼラチン溶液を懸濁液に添加し、NaOH溶液で懸濁液のpHを6.0に調整した。懸濁液を15分間攪拌した後、ホワイトマイカフレークを濾過分離し、塩分がなくなるまでホワイトマイカフレークを洗浄した。次いで、100℃で乾燥し、窒素雰囲気中850℃で焼成することにより、TiO2被覆をホワイトマイカフレーク表面に形成した。
【0036】
クリア塗料を塗装原板に塗布して乾燥した後、230℃に60秒加熱することにより下地金属板3に焼き付け、膜厚10μmのクリア塗膜1を形成した。
クリア塗装金属板の色調は分光測色計(CM−3700d:ミノルタ株式会社製)を用いて、JIS Z8737に規定する色素表示法に従ってL値、a値、b値を測定した。また、得られたクリア塗装金属板を蛍光灯下で目視観察し、赤味のあるカラークリア外観であるものを○、僅かな赤味として認識できるものを△、赤味が全く認められないものを×として、カラークリア感を評価した。
【0037】
表1の調査結果にみられるように、凹凸模様によってステンレス鋼基材に発色顔料分散クリア塗膜を設けたNo.1〜4は、基材表面からの正反射光が弱められ、発色顔料無添加のNo.7に比較してレッド色の発色顔料の赤味(a値)が上昇し、マイルドな色調の外観が得られていた。
これに対し、凹凸模様のないステンレス鋼板に発色顔料分散クリア塗膜を設けたNo.5,6では、基材の光沢度が高いため発色顔料の干渉色が希釈され、鮮明度の高い色調が得られなかった
【0038】

Figure 0003856231
【0039】
【実施例2】
研磨仕上げでRz:5.0μmの凹凸を付けた板厚0.4mmのSUS430ステンレス鋼板を塗装原板に使用した。塗装原板を実施例1と同様に塗装前処理し、高分子ポリエステル系樹脂塗料(PM5000:日本ペイント株式会社製)に発色顔料を4%配合したクリア塗料を塗布・焼成した。発色顔料には、膜厚50〜140nmのTiO2被覆を形成したアスペクト比150,中心粒径30μmのマイカフレークを使用した。
クリア塗料を塗装原板に塗布して乾燥した後、230℃に60秒加熱することにより下地金属板3に焼き付け、膜厚10μmのクリア塗膜1を形成した。
【0040】
得られたクリア塗装ステンレス鋼板について、分光測色計(CM−3700d:ミノルタ株式会社製)を用いてJIS Z8737で規定する色差表示法に従って明度(L値)を測定した。図5の測定結果にみられるように、本発明に従ってクリア塗膜1を形成したクリア塗装ステンレス鋼板では全てL値が上昇しており、ステンレス鋼板本来の暗く冷たい金属感が和らげられ、マイルドな色調の外観が得られた。これに対し、有機顔料を配合した従来のカラークリア塗膜を設けた比較材では、何れもL値が低下しており、ステンレス鋼の暗く冷たい金属感が却って強調される傾向にあった。
【0041】
TiO2被覆の膜厚と色調との関係では、膜厚50nmでシルバー,膜厚70nmでゴールド,膜厚80nmでレッド,膜厚90nmでカッパー,膜厚100nmでライラック,膜厚120nmでブルー,膜厚140nmでグリーンの色調が発現していた。他方、有機顔料を用いて着色した従来のカラークリア塗膜では、ブルー用にフタロシアニンブルー,レッド用にキナクリドンレッドと、色相ごとに複数種の有機顔料を用意する必要があった。
【0042】
更に、発色顔料を4%配合したクリア塗料を下地金属板3に塗布し、到達板温230℃で60秒加熱することによりクリア塗膜1を形成した。このとき、クリア塗料の塗布量を調整することにより、クリア塗膜1の膜厚を表2に示すように変化させた。
得られたクリア塗装金属板について、分光測色計(CM−3700d:ミノルタ株式会社製)を用いてJIS Z8737で規定する色差表示法に従って色調を測定し、膜厚10μmを基準として膜厚変化に応じた色差ΔEを算出した。表2の調査結果にみられるように、本発明例では膜厚に変動があっても色差ΔEが1.0以下に抑えられており、色調安定性に優れていることが判った。これに対し、比較材では標準膜厚10μmに対して膜厚が1μmでも異なると色差ΔEが1.0以上となり、膜厚変動に起因して色調が大幅に変化していた。
【0043】
Figure 0003856231
【0044】
更に、マルチアングル分光測色計(X−Rite MA68II:X−Rite社製)を用い、45度入射光に対する正反射光から15度,25度,45度,75度,110度と測色角度がずれたときの色調を測定した(図6a)。その結果、何れの測色角度においてもL値が高く白味が増しており(図6b)、このことからも暗く冷たい金属光沢が和らげられていることが判る。
a値(図6c),b値(図6d)をみると、ハイライトな角度では発色顔料4に起因する干渉色が鮮明に発現し、シェードな角度では干渉色が弱くなっていた。測色角度に応じて干渉色の強度が異なることは、製品形状に有効利用される。たとえば、成形加工によって所定の形状をクリア塗装金属板に付与すると、明暗(L値)及び色相(a,b値)の変化を一つの成形品に付与でき、高級で幻想的な意匠が発現する。
【0045】
以上の試験結果から、TiO2被覆マイカフレークを分散させたクリア塗膜1をステンレス鋼板の研磨仕上げ材表面に形成するとき、ステンレス鋼特有の金属光沢が活用され、しかも無機質な印象を与える金属光沢がクリア塗膜1で和らげられるため、高級感のある色調が付与されたクリア塗装ステンレス鋼板となる。
TiO2被覆マイカフレークに代えてSiO2被覆マイカフレーク,TiO2被覆ガラスフレーク,SiO2被覆ガラスフレークを使用した場合でも、塗装原板本来の金属光沢が活用され、高級感のある外観を呈するクリア塗装金属板が得られた。更に、膜厚5μmのプライマクリア塗膜5を介してクリア塗膜1を設けたクリア塗装金属板では、塗膜密着性に優れ、製品形状に加工した後でも塗膜剥離が生じなかった。
【0046】
【実施例3】
実施例2と同じステンレス鋼板研磨仕上げ材を塗装原板に使用し、屈折率が異なる異種の金属酸化物層4b1,4b2で鱗片状無機基質4aを被覆した発色顔料4を配合した塗料を用いてクリア塗膜1を形成し、金属酸化物層4b1,4b2の層構成が色調に及ぼす影響を調査した。
発色顔料4としては、マイカフレークを鱗片状無機基質4aとし、一層目の金属酸化物層4b1として表3に示すTiO2被覆を形成した後、各種金属酸化物の層4b2を設けた顔料を使用した。
【0047】
たとえば、金属酸化物層4b2としてFe23被覆を積層した発色顔料4は、次の手順で用意した。Fe23被覆の積層によって、鮮やかな赤系ゴールドの色調が発現した。
TiO2被覆したマイカフレーク100gを水2リットルに懸濁させて75℃に加温した後、5%FeCl3水溶液を懸濁液に添加し、NaOH水溶液で懸濁液をpH4.0に調整した。懸濁液を75℃で15分間攪拌した後、遠心分離し、塩分がなくなるまで固形分を洗浄した。洗浄された固形分を200℃で10時間乾燥することにより、TiO2被覆にFe23被覆が積層した発色顔料4が得られた。
【0048】
高分子ポリエステル樹脂に発色顔料4を4%配合したクリア塗料を実施例1と同じ条件下で下地金属板3に塗布し、膜厚10μmのクリア塗膜1を形成した。得られたクリア塗装金属板の色調を測定した結果を表3に併せ示す。表3から明らかなように、金属酸化物層4b1,4b2の材質的な組合せに応じて各種の色調を発現できた。この場合にも、膜厚変動に起因した色調の変化が小さく、明度の低下も検出されなかった。
【0049】
Figure 0003856231
【0050】
Fe23被覆を積層した発色顔料4を分散させた塗膜について、色差ΔEの膜厚依存性を実施例2と同様に調査した。表4の調査結果にみられるように、積層タイプの発色顔料4で発色させたクリア塗膜1でも、膜厚変動に拘らず色差ΔEが1.0以下に抑えられ、色調が安定化していることを確認できた。
【0051】
Figure 0003856231
【0052】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように、研磨仕上げ又はエンボス仕上げした金属板を塗装原板に使用し、鱗片状無機基質を透明な金属酸化物で被覆した透明又は半透明発色顔料を分散させたクリア塗膜を形成すると、光の干渉作用で発現した干渉色が正反射光で希釈されることなく、下地金属板の金属光沢を活用しながらも無機質な印象がクリア塗膜で和らげられ、鮮明度が高く高級感のある外観を呈する。しかも、光の干渉による発色を利用した色調付与であるので、従来の有機顔料を配合したカラークリア塗膜に比較して明度の低下が少なく、鮮明度の高い色調をもつカラークリア塗装金属板として家電機器,OA機器,厨房機器等の広範な分野で表装材,内装材として使用される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 有機顔料を配合したカラークリア塗膜が形成された従来のクリア塗装金属板を説明する図
【図2】 発色顔料を分散させたクリア塗膜が形成されたクリア塗装金属板の表層断面図
【図3】 金属酸化物で単層被覆した発色顔料(a)及び異種の金属酸化物で複層被覆した発色顔料(b)を分散させたクリア塗膜で干渉色が発現する機構の説明図
【図4】 研磨仕上げ又はエンボス仕上げした下地金属板に発色顔料分散クリア塗膜を設けたカラークリア塗装金属板の表層断面図
【図5】 従来のクリア塗装金属板に比較して本発明クリア塗装金属板の明度が高いことを示したグラフ
【図6】 本発明クリア塗装金属板の色調が測色角度によって変わることを示したグラフ
【符号の説明】
1:クリア塗膜 2:有機顔料 3:下地金属板 4:発色顔料 4a:鱗片状無機基質 4b,4b1,4b2:金属酸化物被覆 5:アンダクリア塗膜 6:トップクリア塗膜
Lin:入射光 Lout:反射光 L1:鱗片状無機基質の表面で反射した光
2:金属酸化物層の表面で反射した光[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention is a coating provided with a color clear coating film exhibiting a clear color tone utilizing the metallic luster of the base material and excellent in color tone stability. Stainless steel sheet About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a cover material for home appliances, OA equipment, etc., a painted metal plate with a clear coating has begun to be used. Clear painted metal plates exhibit an appearance that utilizes metallic luster, creating an atmosphere that cannot be obtained with conventional colored painted metal plates.
The clear painted metal plate is manufactured by applying a clear paint blended with a colorant to the surface of the painted original plate and baking and drying. When a dye is used as a colorant, an organic pigment is usually used because it tends to change color during baking and the color tone is not stable.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the color clear coating film 1 containing an organic pigment, the light L incident on the coating film in Are absorbed by the organic pigment 2 and the remaining incident light L in Is reflected on the surface of the base metal plate 3, and the reflected light L excluding the absorption wavelength component out As a result, a specific color tone appears (FIG. 1). Color clear coating 1 is incident light L in The amount of light absorbed by the organic pigment 2 while it is transmitted varies depending on the thickness of the coating film, and the thicker the coating film, the larger the absorption amount, and the thinner the coating film, the smaller the absorption amount. For this reason, the color tone to be developed is highly dependent on the film thickness, and the color tone is likely to fluctuate slightly even with slight film thickness fluctuations. The variation in the color tone is emphasized as color unevenness when the clear painted metal plates having different production lots are put together.
[0004]
The color tone imparted by the organic pigment tends to impair the metallic luster of the underlying metal plate 3 and give a cool color tone with a low L value and a blackish tinge. Although the matting treatment can prevent the L value from decreasing, the matting effect impairs the transparency of the coating film, lowers the sharpness, and eliminates the luxury.
Therefore, the present inventors have dispersed color developing pigments that are colored by the interference of light instead of organic pigments in the clear coating, so that the influence of the film thickness variation of the clear coating on the color tone can be suppressed, and the color tone stability. Has been found that a color clear coated steel plate having good and high definition can be obtained, and filed as Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-188364.
[0005]
In a coated steel sheet provided with a clear coating film in which a transparent or translucent coloring pigment is dispersed, incident light Lin transmitted through the clear coating film 1 is reflected on the surface of the coloring pigment 4 and the base metal plate 3 (FIG. 2). Since the total reflected light Lout from the coloring pigment 4 and the base metal plate 3 is also transmitted through the coloring pigment 4 and reflected from the surface of the base metal plate 3, the incident light L in The light quantity is almost equal and does not cause a decrease in brightness.
When a transparent or translucent colored pigment 4 (FIG. 3) in which a scaly inorganic substrate 4a is coated with a transparent metal oxide layer 4b is used as a coloring pigment, the incident light Lin reflected on the surface of the coloring pigment 4 is a scaly inorganic substrate. Reflected light L from 4a 1 , Reflected light L from the metal oxide layer 4b 2 Divided into Reflected light L 1 , Reflected light L 2 Since an optical path difference ΔL (2dsin θ: d is the film thickness of the clear coating film 1 and θ is a viewing angle) occurs during this period, a coating surface colored with an interference color corresponding to the optical path difference ΔL is observed.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is a color clear coating proposed in the prior application. steel As a result of investigating and studying the color appearance, focusing on the unique surface of the plate, it was found that the color tone is also affected by the surface condition of the underlying metal plate, and appropriate unevenness was created by polishing or embossing. Groundwork Stainless steel sheet Color clear paint that suppresses the reduction of sharpness by using Stainless steel sheet The purpose is to provide.
[0007]
Color clear painting of the present invention Stainless steel sheet Has a polished or embossed metallic luster Stainless steel sheet As a base material, A coated steel sheet having a clear coating film formed of an acrylic or polyester organic resin on its surface, which is transparent or translucent in which the scaly inorganic substrate is coated with a transparent metal oxide in the clear coating film Color pigment is dispersed Has a basic structure.
Groundwork Stainless steel Even if the top clear coating is provided on the under clear coating or clear coating between the plate / clear coating good. Top Clear coating does not contain coloring pigment 4 and has high transparency Made of acrylic or polyester organic resin Film is formed from paint. The under-clear coating film is also formed from a highly transparent resin paint that does not contain the coloring pigment 4, and the coating film does not impair the transparency. Pigments and dyes can be added to adjust the brightness. You may mix | blend a matting agent with high transparency in a top clear coating film.
[0008]
As a transparent metal oxide, TiO 2 , SiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Fe 2 O Three , SnO 2 , Fe Three O Four , Cr 2 O Three , ZnO, Al 2 O Three Etc. are used. Examples of scale-like inorganic substrates coated with metal oxide include mica flakes, glass flakes, alumina flakes, and silica flakes. The metal oxide layer can be provided on the scaly inorganic substrate as a single layer or as a multilayer of two or more types.
[0009]
[Action]
In the color clear painted metal plate according to the present invention, the base metal plate 3 with appropriate unevenness is used by polishing finish or emboss finish, and the clear coating film 1 in which the color pigment 4 is dispersed is applied to the surface of the base metal plate 3. Provided (FIG. 4). The coloring pigment 4 is a pigment obtained by coating a transparent or semi-transparent scale-like inorganic substrate 4a with a single layer (FIG. 3a) or multiple layers (FIG. 3b) of a transparent metal oxide 4b.
The light Lin incident on the clear coating 1 in which the color pigment 4 is dispersed is sewn or transmitted through the gap of the color pigment 4 to reach the surface of the base metal plate 3 and reflected by the surface of the base metal plate 3. The reflected light and the reflected light reflected by the surface of the coloring pigment 4 are obtained. Since the base metal plate 3 is provided with appropriate irregularities by polishing finish or emboss finish, for example, the incident light Lin reaching the concave portion 3d or the convex portion (not shown) is different from the incident light Lin reaching the flat surface. The reflected light Lout ′ is emitted in the direction. As a result, the amount of specular reflection from the flat surface 3f of the base metal plate 3 is reduced, and the color tone expressed by the interference action is maintained without being diluted.
[0010]
The light reflected on the surface of the coloring pigment 4 is reflected light L from the scale-like inorganic substrate 4a. 1 And reflected light L from the surface of the metal oxide 4b 2 (Fig. 3a), reflected light L 1 And L 2 The color of the interference color in which the surface of the coating color developed with the color of the interference color according to the optical path difference ΔL (2 dsin θ; d is the film thickness of the clear coating film 1 and θ is the viewing angle) generated between It is adjusted by the film thickness of the metal oxide. Specifically, mica is TiO 2 In the clear coating film 1 in which the coloring pigment 4 coated with is dispersed, TiO 2 As the film becomes thicker, the color changes to silver, gold, red, copper, lilac, blue, and green.
[0011]
Multi-layer 4b 1 , 4b 2 The coloring pigment 4 (FIG. 3b) which coat | covered the scaly inorganic substrate 4a with the metal oxide layer of a structure can also be used. TiO 2 Fe on the film 2 O Three FeTiO, a coloring pigment with a bright gold color and rich pearly luster when the film is laminated Three Color coating pigment 4, CoTiO, which is rich in pearly luster with vivid grayish colors when the film is laminated Three When the films are laminated, the coloring pigment 4 having a bright green color tone and rich in pearl luster is obtained. First metal oxide layer 4b 1 TiO 2 Besides, various transparent metal oxides can be used.
[0012]
Dissimilar metal oxide layers 4b having different refractive indexes 1 , 4b 2 When the coloring pigment 4 coated with the scaly inorganic substrate 4a is dispersed in the clear coating 1, the incident light Lin is reflected light L reflected from the surface of the scaly inorganic substrate 4a. 1 , Metal oxide layer 4b 1 Reflected light L reflected from the surface of 2 , Metal oxide layer 4b 2 Reflected light L reflected from the surface of Three (FIG. 3b). Reflected light L 1 Is the metal oxide layer 4b 1 , 4b 2 Is reflected light that is multi-refracted when passing through 2 Is the surface metal oxide layer 4b 1 It is the reflected light refracted by. Light L due to complication of transmission, refraction, and reflection 1 , L 2 , L Three Reflected light L out A rich variety of colors appears.
[0013]
Unlike the color tone of the conventional color clear coating film 1 in which the organic pigment 2 is dispersed, the clear coating film 1 that is colored with an interference color has a reflected light Lout that is slightly reflected light Lout ′ compared to the incident light Lin. The decrease in brightness (L value) is suppressed because it is only reduced by the amount. Moreover, since the reflected light Lout reflected over the whole thickness of the clear coating film 1 including the interface with the base metal plate 3 is observed, the film thickness of the clear coating film 1 is larger than that of the conventional color clear coating film 1. The influence on the color tone is greatly reduced, and the color difference deviation between lots is also suppressed.
[0014]
Most of the incident light Lin that has not been reflected by the coloring pigment 4 passes through the coloring pigment 4 and is reflected by the base metal plate 3 to become reflected light Lout. Therefore, stainless steel sheet A unique dark and cold feeling is relieved, and a mild color tone is imparted while utilizing the metallic luster of the base metal plate 3.
Furthermore, since the color is generated by the interference action, the color tone changes depending on the viewing angle. That is, the color tone is strongly developed in the vicinity of the specularly reflected light that is a highlight angle, and approaches an achromatic color as the distance from the specularly reflected light increases. When the color tone change due to the viewing angle is used by using the base metal plate 3 formed into an R shape, a color clear painted metal plate with a higher class feeling is obtained.
[0015]
Embodiment
Since the base metal plate 3 is used in a product form in which a glossy metal surface is observed, Stainless steel is used .
Since the incident light Lin is diffusely reflected on the surface of the base metal plate 3, moderate unevenness is provided by polishing finish or emboss finish. Various methods such as buffing can be adopted for polishing finishing, but belt polishing is the most efficient for metal sheets of coil form. In the embossing finish, the surface of the metal plate is made uneven by rolling using a dull roll whose surface is made dull by shot or electric discharge machining, or an emboss roll whose surface is engraved by etching.
[0016]
As a result of investigating the relationship between irregularities on the surface skin after polishing or embossing and specular reflection light, if the ten-point average roughness Rz (surface roughness) specified in JIS B0601 is too small, the specular reflection light of the underlying metal plate The component is too large and the color developed by the interference action is diluted. Therefore, it is preferable that the surface roughness is Rz: 1.0 μm or more, and the glossiness of the base metal plate is adjusted so that the 60 ° specular gloss according to the specular gloss measurement method defined in JIS Z8741 is 400 or less. .
Prior to the formation of the clear coating film 1, the ground metal plate 3 that has been polished or embossed is subjected to appropriate pretreatments such as degreasing, pickling, chromate treatment, phosphate treatment, and chromium-free treatment. .
[0017]
The clear paint for forming the clear coating film 1 is It shall consist of an acrylic or polyester-type organic resin with high transparency. If necessary An organic resin containing a resin that forms these shrinkage patterns or an inorganic polymer can also be used. Moreover, you may add an antirust pigment, a coloring pigment, dye, etc. as needed in the range which does not impair transparency.
[0018]
Since the clear coated metal plate may be processed into a product shape after forming the clear coating 1, the clear coating 1 is required to have excellent adhesion to the base metal plate 3 and flexibility of the coating itself. The In addition, as a function that contradicts flexibility, wrinkle resistance may be required. A clear paint resin system is selected in consideration of such characteristics in accordance with the purpose. For example, a clear coating film 1 can be formed by appropriately blending a curing agent such as melamine or isocyanate.
[0019]
The coloring pigment 4 blended in the clear paint is a single layer or multiple layers of a metal oxide 4b formed on a scaly inorganic substrate 4a such as mica, glass flake, alumina flake, silica flake or the like by a wet method, a CVD method, a powder sputtering method, or the like. Manufactured by forming a coating. The more the scale-like inorganic substrate 4a is oriented in the direction along the surface of the base metal plate 3, the higher the probability that the incident light Lin will be reflected on the surface of the color pigment 4, so the aspect ratio of the scale-like inorganic substrate 4a (maximum with respect to thickness) A larger diameter ratio is preferred. Specifically, when the aspect ratio is 60 or more, most of the scaly inorganic substrate 4a is dispersed in the clear coating film 1 with an orientation parallel or substantially parallel to the surface of the base metal plate 3, and the transparent metal oxide 4b. The interference color is strongly developed and it becomes a vivid color tone, and the brightness is also enhanced.
[0020]
In order to secure light that passes through the coloring pigment 4 and reaches the surface of the base metal plate 3, the coloring pigment 4 is transparent or translucent. The transparency of the coloring pigment 4 can be determined from the light transmittance of the clear coating film in which the coloring pigment 4 is dispersed. In the present invention, a light transmittance of 50% or more is referred to as transparent or translucent. Specifically, a clear paint containing 10% by weight of a coloring pigment was applied to a 0.4 mm thick SUS430 stainless steel plate with a thickness of 5 μm, and a direct ratio spectrophotometer using double beam and dynode feedback was used. The transmitted light when irradiated with visible light having a wavelength of 500 nm is measured. The measured value is expressed by the formula: E = −log T = log (I 0 / I) [E: Absorbance, T: Light transmittance, I 0 The light transmittance is calculated by substituting for: incident light intensity, I: transmitted light intensity]. The transparency of the coloring pigment 4 can be controlled by the material and thickness of the scaly inorganic substrate 4a and the metal oxide layer 4b. A large aspect ratio is also effective in increasing the transparency of the scaly inorganic substrate 4a. Since the coloring pigment 4 dispersed in the clear coating film 1 is transparent or translucent, the intensity of reflected light from the coloring pigment 4 is suppressed, and the glare is weakened.
[0021]
Mica is used as the scaly inorganic substrate 4a and TiO is obtained by a wet method. 2 When coating, various methods can be employed. For example, after suspending mica in a dilute titanic acid aqueous solution and heating to 70 to 100 ° C. to precipitate hydrated titanium oxide particles, which are hydrolysis products of titanium salts, on the mica surface, 700 to 1000 ° C. TiO 2 by baking at high temperature 2 A coating is formed. TiO 2 The film thickness of the coating can be controlled by processing conditions such as titanium salt concentration, suspension temperature, and processing time.
When the coloring pigment 4 is produced by the powder sputtering method, the scaly inorganic substrate 4a such as mica or glass flakes is placed in a rotating drum and sputtered in a reactive atmosphere using Ti as a target, thereby forming the scaly inorganic substrate 4a. TiO on the surface 2 A coating is formed.
[0022]
A plurality of metal oxide layers 4b having different refractive indexes 1 , 4b 2 Is provided on the surface of the scaly inorganic substrate 4a, the first metal oxide layer 4b 1 After forming the second metal oxide layer 4b, the coating raw material is changed by the same method as the first layer or a different method. 2 Form.
For example, TiO 2 Fe coating 2 O Three When laminating the coating, TiO 2 The aqueous solution in which the coating pigment is suspended is heated to 70 to 100 ° C., an aqueous iron salt solution is added to precipitate iron hydroxide, and then dried at 150 to 200 ° C. 2 Fe coating 2 O Three The coating is laminated. Fe 2 O Three The film thickness of the coating can be controlled by the concentration of the iron salt aqueous solution, the temperature of the suspension, the treatment time, and the like.
[0023]
The coloring pigment 4 in which the scaly inorganic substrate 4a is coated with the transparent metal oxide 4b can be added to the clear coating resin as it is, but an appropriate surface treatment can be performed as necessary. In the surface treatment, inorganic surface treatment agents such as chromic acid, phosphoric acid, alumina, zirconia, cerium, etc., and various surface treatment agents such as various silane coupling agents, titanate coupling agents, and organic monomers are used. The By the surface treatment, the dispersibility of the color pigment 4 with respect to the clear coating resin and the interlayer adhesion with the adjacent resin layer are improved.
[0024]
After applying the clear paint containing the coloring pigment 4 to the coating original plate, depending on the resin type and the application amount of the clear paint, the clear coating film 1 is formed on the base metal plate 3 by heating at 200 to 800 ° C. for 30 to 120 seconds. It is baked on. When the clear-coated metal plate obtained is observed, the metallic luster of the base metal plate 3 is utilized, and the metallic luster that gives an inorganic cold feeling is softened by the clear coating film 1, so that it has a mild color appearance. . In order to obtain a stable color tone, it is preferable to form the clear coating film 1 with a film thickness of 5 to 20 μm.
[0025]
The clear coating film 1 may have a multilayer structure formed from a plurality of clear paints having different refractive indexes. In this case, it is preferable to disperse coloring pigments that emit interference colors having different hues for individual coating films. When different color pigments are dispersed in a clear coating film having a multi-layer structure, the mixture of interference colors is reduced, and as a result, a hue with high definition is developed. In addition, by repeating the reflection and refraction in a complicated manner, a color clear painted metal plate having a highly decorative surface is obtained.
[0026]
Prior to the formation of the clear coating film 1 in which the coloring pigment 4 is dispersed, an underclear coating film 5 that does not contain the coloring pigment 4 may be formed in order to improve adhesion to the base metal plate 3. Under Clear Coating 5 The under clear paint for forming the coating does not impose any special restrictions on the paint type, and epoxy resin, epoxy-modified polyester resin, urethane resin, urethane-modified epoxy resin, etc. are used, and pre-painting treatment such as chromate treatment is performed. The adhesion between the applied base metal plate 3 and the clear coating film 1 is further improved. When forming the under clear coating film 5, it is preferable that the film thickness of the under clear coating film 5 be 1 to 10 μm.
[0027]
It is also possible to add antirust pigments, coloring pigments, dyes and the like to the underclear coating as needed within a range that does not impair the transparency. Alternatively, a semitransparent pigment may be dispersed in the underclear coating 5 in order to positively adjust the brightness. When the lightness L value of the underclear coating film 5 is adjusted to a range of 25 to 60 by dispersing the translucent pigment, the clearness of the color tone developed by the light interference action in the clear coating film 1 is improved.
[0028]
As the translucent pigment, a light transmittance is in the range of 15 to 90%, and flakes selected from one or more of carbon black, graphite, metal oxide, and metal sulfide are preferable. The light transmittance of the translucent pigment indicates a value with respect to light in the visible light range (for example, a wavelength of 500 nm), and can be within a predetermined range depending on the thickness of the flakes and the pigment content of the clear paint. Similarly, CrO, Co exhibiting translucency with thin flakes 2 O Three , Co Three O Four , CuO, MnO, Mn 2 O Three , Mn Three O Four , SnO, MoO Three , MoO Four Metal oxide such as CrS, Cr 2 S Three , CoS, CoS 2 , Co 2 S Three , CuS, MnS 2 , MoS 2 , SnS, CuS, Cu 2 Metal sulfides such as S and FeS can also be used as translucent pigments.
[0029]
Furthermore, the top clear coating film 6 (FIG. 4) may be stacked on the clear coating film 1. The top clear coating film 6 improves the orientation of the coloring pigment 4 dispersed in the clear coating film 1 and forms a sufficiently smooth coating film surface. 2 Is in the range of 2 to 15 μm, and the film thickness t of the color pigment dispersed clear coating film 1 T between 2 / T 1 It is preferable to establish the relationship of 0.4 to 1.5. The top clear coating film 6 covers the portion where the color pigment 4 protrudes from the clear coating film 1, and the color pigment 4 oriented in the in-plane direction of the base metal plate 3 becomes high, so that it is suitable for light interference action In addition, the dispersion form of the coloring pigment 4 is optimized. As a result, a clear interference color without turbidity appears.
[0030]
Clear paint for top clear coating 6 formation The color The same or similar paint as the clear coating for forming the pigment-dispersed clear coating 1 is preferred. In particular, It shall consist of an acrylic or polyester-type organic resin with high transparency. If necessary An organic resin containing a resin that forms these shrinkage patterns or an inorganic polymer can also be used. As long as the transparency is not impaired, a rust preventive pigment, a colored pigment, a dye, or the like may be added to the clear paint as necessary.
[0031]
When the same or similar base resin is used for forming the color pigment dispersed clear coating film 1 and the top clear coating film 6 in the clear paint, the paint baking conditions can be set to be substantially the same. Therefore, the coloring pigment dispersion clear coating film 1 is softened when the top clear coating film 6 is baked, and the coloring pigment 4 dispersed in the clear coating film 1 is re-aligned in the in-plane direction of the substrate / metal plate 3. Oriented. Since the surface area of the coloring pigment 4 effective for light reflection is increased by the reorientation, the interference effect of light is enhanced and a more vivid and non-turbid color tone is exhibited. Making the base resin the same or similar is effective in increasing the affinity between the color pigment-dispersed clear coating film 1 and the top clear coating film 6 and preventing delamination.
[0032]
[Example 1]
A coiled SUS430 stainless steel plate having a plate thickness of 0.4 mm and a plate width of 1000 mm was used as a coating original plate and polished and embossed.
In the polishing finish, contact wheel type belt polishing was adopted, and the polishing speed was changed under the polishing conditions of line speed: 10 m / min and belt speed: 1000 m / min to give random polishing marks to the surface of the stainless steel plate.
In the embossing finish, an embossing roll in which a pattern was engraved on the surface by etching was used, and an embossing pattern having a repeated pattern of unevenness was transferred to the steel sheet surface by rolling.
[0033]
The 10-point average roughness Rz defined in JIS B0601 was measured for each stainless steel plate after polishing and embossing.
Further, using a gloss meter (VG2000: manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.), the 60 ° specular gloss of each stainless steel plate was measured according to the specular gloss measurement method specified in JIS Z8741.
Next, the stainless steel plate was pickled with 2% hydrochloric acid and subjected to acid-based surface treatment, and then the deposited amount in terms of chromium was 20 mg / m. 2 The coating type chromate treatment was applied.
[0034]
The clear paint was prepared by blending 4% of a coloring pigment with a high molecular polyester clear resin paint (PM5000: manufactured by Nippon Fine Coatings Co., Ltd.). For coloring pigment, TiO with a film thickness of 80 nm 2 Red mica flakes having an aspect ratio of 150 and a center particle size of 30 μm were used.
[0035]
TiO 2 The coating was formed on the surface of mica flakes by the following procedure.
After suspending 100 g of white mica flakes in 2 liters of water and heating to 75 ° C., TiCl Four The solution and gelatin solution were added to the suspension and the pH of the suspension was adjusted to 6.0 with NaOH solution. After stirring the suspension for 15 minutes, the white mica flakes were separated by filtration, and the white mica flakes were washed until there was no salt. Next, it is dried at 100 ° C. and baked at 850 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain TiO 2. 2 A coating was formed on the surface of white mica flakes.
[0036]
The clear paint was applied to the coating original plate, dried, and then heated to 230 ° C. for 60 seconds to be baked on the base metal plate 3 to form a clear coating film 1 having a thickness of 10 μm.
As for the color tone of the clear coated metal plate, L value, a value, and b value were measured using a spectrocolorimeter (CM-3700d: manufactured by Minolta Co., Ltd.) according to the dye display method defined in JIS Z8737. In addition, when the clear-coated metal plate obtained is visually observed under a fluorescent lamp, the color clear appearance with redness is ○, the one that can be recognized as a slight redness is △, and the redness is not recognized at all The color clearness was evaluated with x.
[0037]
As can be seen from the survey results in Table 1, Nos. 1 to 4 provided with a colored pigment dispersed clear coating on a stainless steel substrate with a concavo-convex pattern attenuated the specular reflection light from the substrate surface, and there was no coloring pigment. Compared with the added No. 7, the reddishness (a value) of the red color pigment increased, and a mild color appearance was obtained.
In contrast, in Nos. 5 and 6, in which a colored pigment-dispersed clear coating film is provided on a stainless steel plate without an uneven pattern, the interference color of the colored pigment is diluted due to the high glossiness of the base material, and the color tone has a high definition. Couldn't get
[0038]
Figure 0003856231
[0039]
[Example 2]
A polished SUS430 stainless steel plate with a thickness of 0.4 mm with irregularities of Rz: 5.0 μm was used as the coating original plate. The coating original plate was pre-treated in the same manner as in Example 1, and a clear coating material in which 4% of a coloring pigment was blended with a high molecular polyester resin coating material (PM5000, manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) was applied and baked. For coloring pigment, TiO with a film thickness of 50-140 nm 2 Mica flakes having an aspect ratio of 150 and a center particle size of 30 μm were used.
The clear paint was applied to the coating original plate, dried, and then heated to 230 ° C. for 60 seconds to be baked on the base metal plate 3 to form a clear coating film 1 having a thickness of 10 μm.
[0040]
About the obtained clear coating stainless steel plate, the lightness (L value) was measured according to the color difference display method prescribed | regulated by JISZ8737 using the spectrocolorimeter (CM-3700d: product made by Minolta Co., Ltd.). As can be seen from the measurement results in FIG. 5, all the clear-coated stainless steel plates on which the clear coating film 1 is formed according to the present invention have an increased L value, the original dark and cold metallic feeling of the stainless steel plate is alleviated, and a mild color tone. The appearance of was obtained. On the other hand, in the comparative materials provided with the conventional color clear coating film blended with the organic pigment, the L value was lowered, and the dark and cold metallic feeling of stainless steel tended to be emphasized.
[0041]
TiO 2 Regarding the relationship between the film thickness and the color tone of the coating, the silver is 50 nm, the gold is 70 nm, the red is 80 nm, the copper is 90 nm, the copper is 90 nm, the lilac is 100 nm, the blue is 120 nm, and the film is 140 nm. The green color was expressed. On the other hand, in a conventional color clear coating film colored with an organic pigment, it is necessary to prepare phthalocyanine blue for blue, quinacridone red for red, and a plurality of types of organic pigments for each hue.
[0042]
Further, a clear paint containing 4% of a coloring pigment was applied to the base metal plate 3 and heated at an ultimate plate temperature of 230 ° C. for 60 seconds to form a clear coating film 1. At this time, the film thickness of the clear coating film 1 was changed as shown in Table 2 by adjusting the application amount of the clear paint.
Using the spectrocolorimeter (CM-3700d: manufactured by Minolta Co., Ltd.), the color tone of the clear coated metal plate obtained was measured according to the color difference display method defined in JIS Z8737, and the film thickness changed based on the film thickness of 10 μm. A corresponding color difference ΔE was calculated. As can be seen from the results of the investigation in Table 2, it was found that the color difference ΔE was suppressed to 1.0 or less even when the film thickness varied in the inventive examples, and the color tone stability was excellent. On the other hand, in the comparative material, when the film thickness is 1 μm different from the standard film thickness of 10 μm, the color difference ΔE becomes 1.0 or more, and the color tone changes greatly due to the film thickness variation.
[0043]
Figure 0003856231
[0044]
Furthermore, using a multi-angle spectrocolorimeter (X-Rite MA68II: manufactured by X-Rite), the colorimetric angle is 15 degrees, 25 degrees, 45 degrees, 75 degrees, 110 degrees from regular reflection light with respect to 45 degrees incident light. The color tone was measured when the deviation occurred (FIG. 6a). As a result, the L value is high and the whiteness is increased at any colorimetric angle (FIG. 6b). This also indicates that the dark and cold metallic luster has been alleviated.
Looking at the a value (FIG. 6c) and b value (FIG. 6d), the interference color caused by the coloring pigment 4 was clearly expressed at the highlight angle, and the interference color was weak at the shade angle. The fact that the intensity of the interference color varies depending on the colorimetric angle is effectively used for the product shape. For example, when a predetermined shape is imparted to a clear-coated metal plate by molding, changes in brightness (L value) and hue (a, b value) can be imparted to one molded product, and a high-class and fantastic design is manifested. .
[0045]
From the above test results, TiO 2 When the clear coating film 1 in which the coated mica flakes are dispersed is formed on the surface of the polished finish of the stainless steel plate, the metallic luster unique to stainless steel is utilized, and the metallic luster that gives an inorganic impression is softened by the clear coating film 1 Therefore, it becomes a clear coated stainless steel sheet to which a high-quality color tone is given.
TiO 2 SiO instead of coated mica flakes 2 Coated mica flakes, TiO 2 Coated glass flakes, SiO 2 Coated glass flakes Even when used As a result, the original metallic luster of the coating original plate was utilized, and a clear painted metal plate having a high-quality appearance was obtained. Furthermore, the clear-coated metal plate provided with the clear coating film 1 through the primer clear coating film 5 having a film thickness of 5 μm was excellent in coating film adhesion and did not peel off even after being processed into a product shape.
[0046]
[Example 3]
The same stainless steel plate polished finish as in Example 2 is used for the coating original plate, and different types of metal oxide layers 4b having different refractive indexes. 1 , 4b 2 A clear coating film 1 is formed using a paint containing a coloring pigment 4 coated with a scaly inorganic substrate 4a and a metal oxide layer 4b. 1 , 4b 2 The effect of layer composition on color tone was investigated.
As the coloring pigment 4, mica flakes are used as the scale-like inorganic substrate 4a, and the first metal oxide layer 4b. 1 As shown in Table 3 2 After forming the coating, various metal oxide layers 4b 2 The pigment provided was used.
[0047]
For example, the metal oxide layer 4b 2 As Fe 2 O Three The coloring pigment 4 with the coating laminated thereon was prepared by the following procedure. Fe 2 O Three By the lamination of the coating, a bright red gold color was developed.
TiO 2 After suspending 100 g of coated mica flakes in 2 liters of water and heating to 75 ° C., 5% FeCl Three The aqueous solution was added to the suspension and the suspension was adjusted to pH 4.0 with aqueous NaOH. The suspension was stirred at 75 ° C. for 15 minutes, then centrifuged, and the solid was washed until there was no salt. By drying the washed solids at 200 ° C. for 10 hours, 2 Fe coating 2 O Three Coloring pigment 4 with a laminated coating was obtained.
[0048]
A clear paint in which 4% of the color pigment 4 was blended with the polymer polyester resin was applied to the base metal plate 3 under the same conditions as in Example 1 to form a clear coating film 1 having a thickness of 10 μm. The results of measuring the color tone of the obtained clear-coated metal plate are also shown in Table 3. As is apparent from Table 3, the metal oxide layer 4b 1 , 4b 2 Various color tones could be developed depending on the combination of materials. Also in this case, the change in color tone due to film thickness variation was small, and no decrease in brightness was detected.
[0049]
Figure 0003856231
[0050]
Fe 2 O Three The film thickness dependence of the color difference ΔE was investigated in the same manner as in Example 2 for the coating film in which the color pigment 4 with the coating laminated was dispersed. As can be seen from the investigation results in Table 4, the color difference ΔE is suppressed to 1.0 or less and the color tone is stabilized regardless of the film thickness variation even in the clear coating film 1 colored with the laminated color pigment 4. I was able to confirm that.
[0051]
Figure 0003856231
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
As explained above, a clear or embossed metal plate is used as the coating original plate, and a clear coating film in which a transparent or translucent coloring pigment coated with a scale-like inorganic substrate with a transparent metal oxide is dispersed is formed. Then, the interference color expressed by the interference of light is not diluted with specular reflection light, but the inorganic impression is softened with a clear coating while utilizing the metallic luster of the base metal plate, and the image has high clarity and high quality. It has a certain appearance. In addition, because it is a color tone application using color development due to light interference, the color clear coating metal plate with less color degradation and a clear color tone compared to conventional color clear coatings containing organic pigments It is used as a cover material and interior material in a wide range of fields such as home appliances, OA devices, and kitchen equipment.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a conventional clear-coated metal plate on which a color clear coating film containing an organic pigment is formed.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the surface layer of a clear painted metal plate on which a clear coating film in which a color pigment is dispersed is formed.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a mechanism in which an interference color appears in a clear coating film in which a color pigment (a) coated with a single layer with a metal oxide and a color pigment (b) coated with a different layer with a different metal oxide are dispersed.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a surface layer of a color clear painted metal plate in which a colored pigment-dispersed clear coating film is provided on a ground or embossed base metal plate.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing that the brightness of the clear-coated metal plate of the present invention is higher than that of a conventional clear-coated metal plate.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing that the color tone of the clear-coated metal sheet of the present invention changes depending on the colorimetric angle.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Clear coating film 2: Organic pigment 3: Underlying metal plate 4: Color pigment 4a: Scale-like inorganic substrate 4b, 4b 1 , 4b 2 : Metal oxide coating 5: Under clear coating 6: Top clear coating
Lin: incident light Lout: reflected light L 1 : Light reflected from the surface of a scaly inorganic substrate
L 2 : Light reflected from the surface of the metal oxide layer

Claims (5)

研磨仕上げ又はエンボス仕上げした金属光沢をもつステンレス鋼板を基材とし、その表面にアクリル系又はポリエステル系の有機樹脂からなるクリア塗膜が形成された塗装鋼板であって、前記クリア塗膜中に鱗片状無機基質を透明の金属酸化物で被覆した透明又は半透明の発色顔料が分散されていることを特徴とする色調が安定したカラークリア塗装ステンレス鋼板A coated steel sheet having a polished or embossed stainless steel plate with a metallic luster as a base material and a clear coating film formed of an acrylic or polyester organic resin formed on the surface thereof, and a scale in the clear coating film A color clear coated stainless steel plate having a stable color tone, characterized in that a transparent or translucent coloring pigment coated with a transparent inorganic metal oxide is dispersed . TiO2,SiO2,ZrO2,Fe23,SnO2,Fe34,Cr23,ZnO,Al23の1種又は2種以上を金属酸化物に使用する請求項1記載のカラークリア塗装ステンレス鋼板Claim to use TiO 2, SiO 2, ZrO 2 , Fe 2 O 3, SnO 2, Fe 3 O 4, Cr 2 O 3, ZnO, 1 kind of Al 2 O 3 or two or more metal oxide 1 Color clear painted stainless steel sheet as described. マイカフレーク,ガラスフレーク,アルミナフレーク,シリカフレークの1種又は2種以上を鱗片状無機基質に使用する請求項1記載のカラークリア塗装ステンレス鋼板The color clear coated stainless steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein one or more of mica flakes, glass flakes, alumina flakes and silica flakes are used for the scale-like inorganic substrate. 発色顔料が分散しているクリア塗膜とステンレス鋼板基材との間に、発色顔料を含まないアンダクリア塗膜が介在している請求項1記載のカラークリア塗装ステンレス鋼板Between the clear coating film and the stainless steel substrate coloring pigment is dispersed, the color clear coating stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein the under clear coating containing no coloring pigment is interposed. 発色顔料が分散しているクリア塗膜の上に、発色顔料を含まないアクリル系又はポリエステル系の有機樹脂からなるトップクリア塗膜が積層されている請求項1記載のカラークリア塗装ステンレス鋼板The color clear coated stainless steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein a top clear coating film made of an acrylic or polyester organic resin not containing the coloring pigment is laminated on the clear coating film in which the coloring pigment is dispersed.
JP2003178504A 2003-06-23 2003-06-23 Color clear painted stainless steel plate with stable color tone Expired - Lifetime JP3856231B2 (en)

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