JP3843557B2 - Glow plug and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Glow plug and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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JP3843557B2
JP3843557B2 JP27355297A JP27355297A JP3843557B2 JP 3843557 B2 JP3843557 B2 JP 3843557B2 JP 27355297 A JP27355297 A JP 27355297A JP 27355297 A JP27355297 A JP 27355297A JP 3843557 B2 JP3843557 B2 JP 3843557B2
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press
heater
housing
glow plug
fitting
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JPH1194252A (en
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哲也 渡辺
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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Priority to JP27355297A priority Critical patent/JP3843557B2/en
Priority to DE69827571T priority patent/DE69827571T2/en
Priority to EP19980117773 priority patent/EP0903541B1/en
Priority to EP04008758A priority patent/EP1441179A3/en
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【0001】
【技術分野】
本発明は,ディーゼルエンジンの予熱に用いるグロープラグ及びその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来技術】
ディーゼルエンジン予熱用のグロープラグとしては,図9に示すごとく,シーズ型のグロープラグ9がある。
グロープラグ9は,同図に示すごとく,先端を閉止した断面U字状の金属チューブ91内に絶縁粉末2を充填するとともに,発熱用のヒートコイル3を収納したヒータ90を有している。また,ヒータ90には,金属チューブ91の開口端から通電用の中軸4の先端を絶縁粉末2内に埋設してこれを一体的に連結してある。
【0003】
また上記ヒートコイル3は,同図に示すごとく,その一端31を金属チューブ91の先端内面に接合してあると共に,他端32を中軸4の先端に接続してある。
そして,ヒータ90とハウジング5とは,ヒータ90の圧入部95をハウジング5の嵌合部55に圧入嵌合させて固定してある。なお,図9における符号71はナット,72は樹脂製のブッシュ,73は絶縁弾性材料からなるOリング,74は樹脂製のワッシャーである。
【0004】
このグロープラグ9を製造するに当たっては,まず上記金属チューブ91へのヒートコイル3及び中軸4の挿入工程,絶縁粉末の充填工程,金属チューブ91全体を外周から加圧縮径させるスエージング加工工程を経て,中軸4を一体的に接合したヒータ90を作製する。その後,ヒータ90とハウジング5との圧入固定を行う。
【0005】
【解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら,上記従来のグロープラグ及びその製造方法には,次の問題がある。
即ち,ヒータ90とハウジング5との圧入固定は,グロープラグ使用時の高圧力(約150気圧)に耐えうるような十分な気密性を保持するよう行われることが必要とされる。そのため,従来は,ヒータの圧入部95の真円度を高くし,かつ,その表面粗さを鏡面状態まで小さくしていた。そして,そのためには,非常に高価な高性能スエージング機械を使用する必要があった。
それ故,従来の圧入固定によるグロープラグの製造方法においては,ヒータとハウジングとの気密性保持が容易ではなかった。
【0006】
一方,従来においては,上記圧入固定を行わない製造方法として,例えば特公昭59−52726号公報に示されているごとく,ヒータの外周に周溝を設けておき,これをハウジング内に挿入して,ハウジングを外方からかしめることによりヒータの周溝とハウジングの内面とを嵌合させて気密性を得る方法がある。
しかしながら,この方法においては,ハウジングをかしめる工程が新たに必要となるという問題がある。
【0007】
本発明は,かかる従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたもので,ハウジングとヒータとの気密性を容易に保持することができるグロープラグ及びその製造方法を提供しようとするものである。
【0008】
【課題の解決手段】
請求項1の発明は,内孔を設けたハウジングと,該ハウジングの上記内孔内に圧入固定したヒータと,該ヒータへの通電を行うための中軸とを有し,かつ,上記ハウジングと上記ヒータとの圧入固定は,上記ハウジングの内孔内に設けた嵌合部と上記ヒータの外周に設けた圧入部とを圧入嵌合させて行っているグロープラグにおいて,
上記ヒータは,上記圧入部を設けた金属チューブと,該金属チューブ内に充填した絶縁粉末と,該絶縁粉末内に埋設したヒートコイルとを有しており,
該ヒートコイルは,その一端が上記金属チューブの先端内面に,その他端が上記中軸の先端にそれぞれ溶接してあり,
上記中軸の先端部分は,上記圧入部の内周側を通って上記絶縁粉末内に埋設してあり,該絶縁粉末は,上記圧入部の内周側まで充填してあり,
上記圧入部の外周面には,グロープラグの軸芯方向に対して非平行なパターンに配された凹凸部を有する凹凸面が設けてあり,
上記金属チューブの材質は,上記ハウジングの材質よりも硬くなっており,
上記嵌合部と上記圧入部との圧入嵌合は,上記圧入部の内周側に,上記中軸の先端部分と上記絶縁粉末とを存在させた状態で行ってあり,
上記凹凸面は,上記圧入部の表面積の20%以上を占めており,
上記凹凸面の上記パターンは,線状パターンであり,該線状パターンは,グロープラグの軸芯方向に対して30度以上傾斜していることを特徴とするグロープラグにある。
【0009】
本発明において最も注目すべきことは,上記圧入部の外周面又は上記嵌合部の内周面には,グロープラグの軸芯方向に対して非平行なパターンに配された凹凸部を有する凹凸面を設けてあることである。
【0010】
凹凸面は,上記のごとく,グロープラグの軸芯方向に対して非平行なパターンに配された凹凸部を有している。
非平行なパターンとしては,グロープラグの軸芯方向に対して直交する方向,あるいは所定の傾斜角をもって斜交する方向に設けた,線状,格子状等のパターンがある。また,上記軸芯方向に非平行な線をランダムに配したパターンや,散点状のパターンをとることもできる。
【0011】
また,上記凹凸部とは,他の面よりも突出した突出部あるい他の面よりも凹んだ凹部の少なくとも一方を有する部分をいう。そして,上記の非平行なパターンは,上記凹凸部の配置のパターンを意味する。
また,上記凹凸面は,上記圧入部又は嵌合部のいずれかに設ける。この場合,いずれに凹凸面を設けるかは,両者の硬度によって判断し,硬度が高い方に設けることが好ましい。これにより,両者の密着性を一層向上させることができる。
【0012】
次に,本発明の作用効果につき説明する。
本発明のグロープラグは,上記ヒータとハウジングとの圧入固定部分となる上記圧入部又は嵌合部に上記凹凸面を設けてある。そのため,ヒータとハウジングの圧入固定部は,十分な気密性を保持することができる。
【0013】
この理由は,次のように考えられる。
即ち,上記圧入部又は嵌合部のいずれかに凹凸面を設けてある場合には,圧入嵌合を行うことによって,上記凹凸面の凹凸部が接触する対向面にめり込んだ,あるいは対向面をめり込ませた状態となる。また,この凹凸部は,上記のごとくグロープラグの軸芯方向と非平行に配されている。
【0014】
そのため,圧入部と嵌合部との接触部分のなかでも,上記凹凸部が配置されている部分は非常に強固に密着し,かつ,空気の導通を妨げる障壁のごとき役割を奏する。それ故,グロープラグを高圧下で使用した場合にも,ヒータとハウジングとの間に進入しようとする空気をくい止め,気密性を保持することができると考えられる。
【0015】
したがって,本発明によれば,上記圧入部の外周面又は上記嵌合部の内周面に,上記凹凸面を設けることによって,ハウジングとヒータとの気密性を容易に保持することができるグロープラグを提供することができる。
【0016】
次に,請求項2の発明のように,上記凹凸面の表面粗さ(Rz)は25μm以下であることが好ましい。25μm未満を超える場合には,ヒータとハウジングとの気密性向上効果が少ないという問題がある。
【0017】
また上記凹凸面は,上記圧入部の表面積の20%以上を占めている20%未満の場合には,上記の凹凸面の存在による気密性向上効果が十分に発揮されないという問題がある。そのため,より好ましくは90%以上がよい。尚,上限値は,物理的に100%である。
【0018】
また上記凹凸面の上記パターンは,線状パターンであるここでいう線状パターンとは,例えば後述する図に示すごとく,グロープラグの軸芯方向と所定角度を持った斜めの線を連続又は断続的に配置したパターンをいう。この場合には,例えば,切削加工又は研削加工と同時に容易に凹凸部を設けることができる。
【0019】
また上記線状パターンは,グロープラグの軸芯方向に対して30度以上傾斜している30度未満の場合には,ヒータとハウジングとの気密性向上効果が十分に得られないという問題がある。
【0020】
次に,請求項3の発明のように,内孔を設けたハウジングと,該ハウジングの上記内孔内に圧入固定したヒータと,該ヒータへの通電を行うための中軸とを有し,かつ,上記ハウジングと上記ヒータとの圧入固定は,上記ハウジングの内孔内に設けた嵌合部と上記ヒータの外周に設けた圧入部とを圧入嵌合させて行っており,
上記ヒータは,上記圧入部を設けた金属チューブと,該金属チューブ内に充填した絶縁粉末と,該絶縁粉末内に埋設したヒートコイルとを有しており,該ヒートコイルは,その一端が上記金属チューブの先端内面に,その他端が上記中軸の先端にそれぞれ溶接してあり,上記中軸の先端部分は,上記圧入部の内周側を通って上記絶縁粉末内に埋設してあり,該絶縁粉末は,上記圧入部の内周側まで充填してあり,上記金属チューブの材質を,上記ハウジングの材質よりも硬くしてなるグロープラグを製造する方法において,
上記ヒータと上記ハウジングとの圧入工程を行う前には,予め,上記圧入部の外周面に,グロープラグの軸芯方向に対して非平行なパターンに配された凹凸部を有する凹凸面を設け,上記嵌合部と上記圧入部との圧入嵌合を,上記圧入部の内周側に,上記中軸の先端部分と上記絶縁粉末とを存在させた状態で行い,
かつ,上記凹凸面は,上記圧入部の表面積の20%以上を占め,上記凹凸面の上記パターンは,線状パターンであり,該線状パターンは,グロープラグの軸芯方向に対して30度以上傾斜しているように設けることを特徴とするグロープラグの製造方法がある。
【0021】
本製造方法において注目すべきことは,上記圧入工程を行う前には,予め,上記圧入部の外周面又は上記嵌合部の内周面に,上記の凹凸面を設けることである。この凹凸面は,上記のごとく,グロープラグの軸芯方向に対して非平行なパターンに配された凹凸部を有するものである。
それ故,その後の圧入工程を行うことにより,気密性に優れた圧入固定部を得ることができる。
【0022】
したがって,本製造方法によれば,ハウジングとヒータとの気密性を容易に保持することができるグロープラグの製造方法を提供することができる。
【0023】
また,上記凹凸面を設ける方法としては,種々の方法をとることができる。
特に,請求項の発明のように,上記凹凸面は,上記圧入部に対して切削又は研削を施すことにより設けることが好ましい。これにより,上記圧入部又は嵌合部の真円度を容易に確保しつつ,容易に上記凹凸面を形成することができる。
【0024】
【発明の実施の形態】
実施形態例1
本発明の実施形態例にかかるグロープラグ及びその製造方法につき,図1〜図3を用いて説明する。
本例のグロープラグ1は,図1に示すごとく,内孔50を設けたハウジング5と,ハウジング5の内孔50内に圧入固定したヒータ10と,ヒータ10への通電を行うための中軸4とを有している。
【0025】
ハウジング5とヒータ10との圧入固定は,ハウジング5の内孔50内に設けた嵌合部55とヒータ10の外周に設けた圧入部15とを圧入嵌合させて行っている。
そして,圧入部15の外周面には,グロープラグ1の軸芯方向に対して非平行なパターンに配された凹凸部6を有する凹凸面60を設けてある。
【0026】
また,ヒータ10は,図1に示すごとく,先端111を閉止した断面U字状の金属チューブ11と,金属チューブ11内に充填した絶縁粉末2を介して収納したヒートコイル3とよりなる。
また,中軸4はその先端41をヒータ10の挿入側端部(金属チューブ11の開口端)112から絶縁粉末2内に埋設させてある。また,ヒートコイル3は,その一端31を金属チューブ11の先端内面に,他端32を中軸4の先端にそれぞれ溶接してある。その他は,従来例と同様である。
【0027】
次に,このグロープラグ1の製造方法につき説明する。
本例においては,まず,ヒータ10用の金属チューブ11を準備すると共に,予めヒートコイル3の一端を溶接した中軸4を準備する。次いで,ヒートコイル3を金属チューブ11内に挿入すると共にヒートコイル3の他端と金属チューブ11の先端111の内面を溶接する。
【0028】
次いで,金属チューブ11内に,上記ヒートコイル3及び中軸4の先端を埋めるように絶縁粉末2としてのマグネシア(MgO)粉末を充填する。
次いで,金属チューブ11の外周面からスエージング加工をおこない,金属チューブ11を圧縮し,縮径させる。これにより,金属チューブ11内の絶縁粉末2の充填密度が向上すると共に,中軸4とヒータ10とが一体化する。
【0029】
次に,本例においては,図2に示すごとく,ヒータ10の圧入部15に対して研削加工を施す。この研削加工は,ヒータ10の圧入部15の真円度を向上させると共に凹凸面60を設けるためのものである。
具体的には,研削加工用の砥石の送り等を調整することにより,圧入部15の真円度を整えると共に,線状パターンの凹凸部6を設ける。
【0030】
この凹凸部6は,圧入部15の表面全体に均一に設ける。即ち本例の凹凸面60は,圧入部15の表面積の100%を占めるように設ける。
また,本例の凹凸部6のパターンは,図2に示すごとく,断続的な線状パターンであり,軸芯方向に対して略直角方向に交差するように設ける。
【0031】
次に,図3に示すごとく,ハウジング5を準備し,ヒータ10をハウジング5に圧入固定する圧入工程を行う。
ハウジング5は,同図に示すごとく,その軸芯方向に貫通する内孔50を有すると共に,ヒータ挿入口51から内部へ少し入った所に嵌合部55を有している。また,ハウジング5の材質としては,ヒータ10よりも硬度の低いものを採用している。
【0032】
このハウジング5は,図3に示すごとく,ヒータ挿入口51を上方に向けてハウジング5をハウジング保治具86上に載置する。
次いで,ヒータ固定治具81に保持されたヒータ10を,中軸4を先頭にして,ハウジング5の内孔内に挿入し,ヒータ10とハウジング5との仮組を行う。
【0033】
次いで,ヒータ固定治具81によりヒータ10を強く押圧し,その圧入部15をハウジング5の嵌合部55に圧入嵌合させる。このとき,ヒータ10の圧入部15には,予め潤滑剤を塗布しておく。この潤滑剤は,凹凸面60を設けたことによる圧入固定時の押圧荷重の増大を防止するためのものである。また,本例においては,この潤滑剤としてフッ素系グリスを用いた。なお,これに代えてシリコン系グリス,合成炭化水素系グリス,ポリグリコール系グリス,フェニエーテル系グリス等を用いることもできる。
【0034】
上記圧入固定の完了により,図1に示すごとく,ヒータ10とハウジング5とが強固に一体化されたグロープラグ1が得られる。
なお,ハウジング5の中軸突出側には,従来と同様に,ナット71,樹脂製のブッシュ72,絶縁弾性材料からなるOリング73,樹脂製のワッシャー74を配設する。
【0035】
このようにして得られたグロープラグ1は,ヒータ10とハウジング5との気密性が非常に優れたものとなる。
即ち,圧入部15には上記凹凸面60を設けてあるため,上記圧入嵌合を行うことによって,凹凸面60の凹凸部6が,その接触する嵌合部55にめり込んだ,あるいはめり込ませた状態となる。また,この凹凸部6は,上記のごとくグロープラグの軸芯方向と略直交方向に配されている。
【0036】
そのため,圧入固定部分における凹凸部6は,嵌合部55と非常に強固に密着し,かつ,空気の導通を妨げる障壁のごとき役割を奏する。
それ故,グロープラグ1を高圧下で使用した場合にも,ヒータ10とハウジング5との間に進入しようとする空気を凹凸部6がくい止め,気密性を保持することができる。
【0037】
また,このような気密性に優れたグロープラグ1の製造は,上記研削時加工における凹凸面60の形成によって容易に行うことができる。
したがって,本例によれば,ハウジング5とヒータ10との気密性を容易に保持することができるグロープラグ1及びその製造方法を提供することができる。
【0038】
実施形態例2
本例は,図4に示すごとく,実施形態例1の研削加工に代えて切削加工を行うことにより,ヒータ10の圧入部15に凹凸面62を設けたものである。本例の凹凸面62は,同図に示すごとく,圧入部15の表面全体に螺旋状のパターンに凹凸部6を配したものである。その他は,実施形態例1と同様である。
この場合にも,実施形態例1と同様の効果が得られる。
【0039】
実施形態例3
本例は,図5に示すごとく,実施形態例2の凹凸面62に代えて,研削加工及びローレット加工等により格子状パターンの凹凸部6を有する凹凸面63を圧入部15に設けたものである。その他は,実施形態例2と同様である。
この場合にも,実施形態例1と同様の効果が得られる。
【0040】
実施形態例4
本例は,図6に示すごとく,ハウジング5の嵌合部55に凹凸面64を設けた例である。即ち,実施形態例1のヒータ10の圧入部15には,研削加工を施しただけで特に凹凸面60を設ける必要はない。そして,ハウジング5の嵌合部55の表面には,研削加工により,断続的な線状パターンの凹凸部6を軸芯方向に対して略直角方向に設けた凹凸面64を形成した。
また,ハウジング5の材質は,ヒータ10よりも硬度が高いものとした。その他は,実施形態例1と同様である。
この場合にも,実施形態例1と同様の効果が得られる。
【0041】
実施形態例5
本例は,図7に示すごとく,実施形態例4の研削加工に代えて切削加工を行うことにより,ハウジング5の嵌合部55に凹凸面65を設けたものである。本例の凹凸面65は,同図に示すごとく,嵌合部55の表面全体に螺旋状のパターンに凹凸部6を配したものである。その他は,実施形態例4と同様である。
この場合にも,実施形態例1と同様の効果が得られる。
【0042】
実施形態例6
本例は,図8に示すごとく,実施形態例5の凹凸面65に代えて,研削加工及びローレット加工等により格子状パターンの凹凸部6を有する凹凸面66を嵌合部55に設けたものである。その他は,実施形態例5と同様である。
この場合にも,実施形態例1と同様の効果が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施形態例1のグロープラグの一部切り欠き断面図。
【図2】実施形態例1における,ヒータの凹凸面を示す説明図。
【図3】実施形態例1における,ヒータとハウジングとの圧入固定状態を示す説明図。
【図4】実施形態例2における,ヒータの凹凸面を示す説明図。
【図5】実施形態例3における,ヒータの凹凸面を示す説明図。
【図6】実施形態例4における,ハウジングの凹凸面を示す説明図。
【図7】実施形態例5における,ハウジングの凹凸面を示す説明図。
【図8】実施形態例6における,ハウジングの凹凸面を示す説明図。
【図9】従来例のグロープラグの一部切り欠き断面図。
【符号の説明】
1...グロープラグ,
10...ヒータ,
11...金属チューブ,
15...圧入部,
2...絶縁粉末,
3...ヒートコイル,
4...中軸,
5...ハウジング,
50...内孔,
55...嵌合部,
6...凹凸部,
60...凹凸面,
[0001]
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to a glow plug used for preheating a diesel engine and a method for manufacturing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a glow plug for diesel engine preheating, there is a seeds-type glow plug 9 as shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the glow plug 9 has a heater 90 in which the insulating powder 2 is filled in a metal tube 91 having a U-shaped cross-section with its tip closed, and the heat coil 3 for heating is housed. In addition, the heater 90 has the tip of the middle shaft 4 for energization embedded in the insulating powder 2 from the opening end of the metal tube 91 and integrally connected thereto.
[0003]
The heat coil 3 has one end 31 bonded to the inner surface of the tip end of the metal tube 91 and the other end 32 connected to the tip end of the middle shaft 4 as shown in FIG.
The heater 90 and the housing 5 are fixed by press-fitting and fitting the press-fitting portion 95 of the heater 90 to the fitting portion 55 of the housing 5. In FIG. 9, reference numeral 71 denotes a nut, 72 denotes a resin bush, 73 denotes an O-ring made of an insulating elastic material, and 74 denotes a resin washer.
[0004]
In manufacturing the glow plug 9, first, the heat coil 3 and the center shaft 4 are inserted into the metal tube 91, the insulating powder is filled, and the swaging process is performed to compress and compress the entire metal tube 91 from the outer periphery. The heater 90 in which the middle shaft 4 is integrally joined is manufactured. Thereafter, the heater 90 and the housing 5 are press-fitted and fixed.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved]
However, the conventional glow plug and the manufacturing method thereof have the following problems.
That is, the press-fitting and fixing of the heater 90 and the housing 5 needs to be performed so as to maintain sufficient airtightness that can withstand the high pressure (about 150 atm) when the glow plug is used. Therefore, conventionally, the roundness of the press-fitting portion 95 of the heater is increased and the surface roughness is reduced to a mirror surface state. For this purpose, it was necessary to use a very expensive high-performance swaging machine.
Therefore, in the conventional method for manufacturing a glow plug by press-fitting, it is not easy to maintain the airtightness between the heater and the housing.
[0006]
On the other hand, in the prior art, as a manufacturing method that does not perform the press-fitting and fixing, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-52726, a peripheral groove is provided on the outer periphery of the heater, and this is inserted into the housing. There is a method of obtaining airtightness by fitting the peripheral groove of the heater and the inner surface of the housing by caulking the housing from the outside.
However, this method has a problem that a process for caulking the housing is newly required.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a glow plug that can easily maintain the airtightness between the housing and the heater and a method for manufacturing the same.
[0008]
[Means for solving problems]
The invention of claim 1 includes a housing provided with an inner hole, a heater press-fitted and fixed in the inner hole of the housing, a center shaft for energizing the heater, and the housing and the above In the glow plug in which the press-fitting and fixing with the heater is performed by press-fitting the fitting portion provided in the inner hole of the housing and the press-fitting portion provided on the outer periphery of the heater,
The heater includes a metal tube provided with the press-fitting portion, an insulating powder filled in the metal tube, and a heat coil embedded in the insulating powder.
One end of the heat coil is welded to the inner surface of the tip of the metal tube, and the other end is welded to the tip of the middle shaft.
The tip portion of the central shaft is embedded in the insulating powder through the inner peripheral side of the press-fit portion, and the insulating powder is filled to the inner peripheral side of the press-fit portion,
On the outer peripheral surface of the press-fit portion, there is provided an uneven surface having uneven portions arranged in a pattern non-parallel to the axial direction of the glow plug,
The metal tube material is harder than the housing material,
Press-fitting between the fitting portion and the press-fitting portion, the inner peripheral side of the press-Ri Oh to go in the presence of the tip portion and the insulating powder of the inner shaft,
The uneven surface occupies 20% or more of the surface area of the press-fit portion,
The pattern on the uneven surface is a linear pattern, and the linear pattern is in the glow plug, which is inclined by 30 degrees or more with respect to the axial direction of the glow plug.
[0009]
The most notable aspect of the present invention is that the outer peripheral surface of the press-fit portion or the inner peripheral surface of the fitting portion has uneven portions arranged in a pattern that is non-parallel to the axial direction of the glow plug. The surface is provided.
[0010]
As described above, the concavo-convex surface has concavo-convex portions arranged in a pattern non-parallel to the axial direction of the glow plug.
Non-parallel patterns include linear and grid patterns provided in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the glow plug, or in a direction oblique with a predetermined inclination angle. It is also possible to take a pattern in which lines non-parallel to the axial direction are randomly arranged, or a dotted pattern.
[0011]
Moreover, the said uneven | corrugated | grooved part means the part which has at least one of the protrusion part which protruded from the other surface, or the recessed part recessed from the other surface. And the said non-parallel pattern means the pattern of arrangement | positioning of the said uneven | corrugated | grooved part.
The uneven surface is provided in either the press-fitting part or the fitting part. In this case, it is preferable to determine which uneven surface is provided based on the hardness of both, and to provide the surface with higher hardness. Thereby, both adhesiveness can be improved further.
[0012]
Next, the effects of the present invention will be described.
In the glow plug of the present invention, the uneven surface is provided in the press-fitting part or the fitting part which is a press-fitting and fixing part between the heater and the housing. For this reason, the press-fit fixing portion of the heater and the housing can maintain sufficient airtightness.
[0013]
The reason is considered as follows.
That is, in the case where an uneven surface is provided in either the press-fitting part or the fitting part, by performing press-fitting, the concave-convex part of the uneven surface is indented into the opposing surface, or the opposing surface is It is in a state of being embedded. Further, as described above, the concavo-convex portion is arranged non-parallel to the axial direction of the glow plug.
[0014]
For this reason, among the contact portions between the press-fitting portion and the fitting portion, the portion where the uneven portion is arranged adheres very firmly and plays a role like a barrier that prevents air conduction. Therefore, even when the glow plug is used under high pressure, it is considered that the air that is about to enter between the heater and the housing can be blocked and airtightness can be maintained.
[0015]
Therefore, according to the present invention, by providing the uneven surface on the outer peripheral surface of the press-fit portion or the inner peripheral surface of the fitting portion, a glow plug that can easily maintain the airtightness between the housing and the heater. Can be provided.
[0016]
Next, as in the invention of claim 2, the surface roughness (Rz) of the uneven surface is preferably 25 μm or less. If it exceeds 25 μm, there is a problem that the effect of improving the airtightness between the heater and the housing is small.
[0017]
Moreover, the uneven surface occupies 20% or more of the surface area of the press-fitting portion. In the case of less than 20%, there is a problem that the effect of improving the airtightness due to the presence of the uneven surface is not sufficiently exhibited. Therefore, 90% or more is better. The upper limit is physically 100%.
[0018]
Moreover , the said pattern of the said uneven surface is a linear pattern . As used herein, the term “linear pattern” refers to a pattern in which diagonal lines having a predetermined angle with the axial direction of the glow plug are continuously or intermittently arranged as shown in the drawings described later. In this case, for example, the concave and convex portions can be easily provided simultaneously with cutting or grinding.
[0019]
Moreover , the said linear pattern inclines 30 degree | times or more with respect to the axial center direction of a glow plug . If it is less than 30 degrees, there is a problem that the effect of improving the airtightness between the heater and the housing cannot be obtained sufficiently.
[0020]
Next, as in the invention of claim 3, it has a housing provided with an inner hole, a heater press-fitted into the inner hole of the housing, and a central shaft for energizing the heater, and The housing and the heater are press-fitted and fixed by press-fitting a fitting portion provided in the inner hole of the housing and a press-fitting portion provided on the outer periphery of the heater,
The heater includes a metal tube provided with the press-fitting portion, an insulating powder filled in the metal tube, and a heat coil embedded in the insulating powder, and one end of the heat coil is the above-described one. The inner end of the metal tube is welded to the other end of the middle shaft, and the end of the middle shaft is embedded in the insulating powder through the inner peripheral side of the press-fitting portion. In the method of manufacturing a glow plug, in which the powder is filled up to the inner peripheral side of the press-fit portion, and the material of the metal tube is harder than the material of the housing,
Before performing the press-fitting process between the heater and the housing, an uneven surface having uneven portions arranged in a pattern non-parallel to the axial direction of the glow plug is provided in advance on the outer peripheral surface of the press-fit portion. the press fit between the fitting portion and the press-in portion, the inner peripheral side of the press-fitting portion, are performed by the state in which the presence of the tip portion and the insulating powder of the inner shaft,
And the said uneven surface occupies 20% or more of the surface area of the said press-fit part, and the said pattern of the said uneven surface is a linear pattern, and this linear pattern is 30 degree | times with respect to the axial center direction of a glow plug. There is a method for manufacturing a glow plug, which is provided so as to be inclined as described above .
[0021]
What should be noted in this manufacturing method is that the uneven surface is provided in advance on the outer peripheral surface of the press-fitted portion or the inner peripheral surface of the fitting portion before the press-fitting step. As described above, the uneven surface has uneven portions arranged in a pattern non-parallel to the axial direction of the glow plug.
Therefore, by performing the subsequent press-fitting step, it is possible to obtain a press-fitting fixing portion having excellent airtightness.
[0022]
Therefore, according to this manufacturing method, the manufacturing method of the glow plug which can hold | maintain the airtightness of a housing and a heater easily can be provided.
[0023]
Moreover, various methods can be taken as a method of providing the uneven surface.
In particular, as in the invention of claim 4 , it is preferable that the uneven surface is provided by cutting or grinding the press-fitting portion. Thereby, the said uneven | corrugated surface can be formed easily, ensuring the roundness of the said press-fit part or a fitting part easily.
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1
A glow plug according to an embodiment of the present invention and a manufacturing method thereof will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the glow plug 1 of this example includes a housing 5 provided with an inner hole 50, a heater 10 press-fitted into the inner hole 50 of the housing 5, and a central shaft 4 for energizing the heater 10. And have.
[0025]
The press-fitting and fixing of the housing 5 and the heater 10 is performed by press-fitting a fitting portion 55 provided in the inner hole 50 of the housing 5 and a press-fitting portion 15 provided on the outer periphery of the heater 10.
An uneven surface 60 having uneven portions 6 arranged in a pattern non-parallel to the axial direction of the glow plug 1 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the press-fit portion 15.
[0026]
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the heater 10 includes a metal tube 11 having a U-shaped cross-section with the tip 111 closed, and a heat coil 3 accommodated via an insulating powder 2 filled in the metal tube 11.
The center shaft 4 has a tip 41 embedded in the insulating powder 2 from an insertion side end (open end of the metal tube 11) 112 of the heater 10. Further, one end 31 of the heat coil 3 is welded to the inner surface of the tip of the metal tube 11, and the other end 32 is welded to the tip of the middle shaft 4. Others are the same as the conventional example.
[0027]
Next, a manufacturing method of the glow plug 1 will be described.
In this example, first, the metal tube 11 for the heater 10 is prepared, and the middle shaft 4 in which one end of the heat coil 3 is welded in advance is prepared. Next, the heat coil 3 is inserted into the metal tube 11 and the other end of the heat coil 3 and the inner surface of the tip 111 of the metal tube 11 are welded.
[0028]
Next, the metal tube 11 is filled with magnesia (MgO) powder as the insulating powder 2 so as to fill the ends of the heat coil 3 and the central shaft 4.
Next, swaging is performed from the outer peripheral surface of the metal tube 11 to compress and reduce the diameter of the metal tube 11. Thereby, the filling density of the insulating powder 2 in the metal tube 11 is improved, and the middle shaft 4 and the heater 10 are integrated.
[0029]
Next, in this example, as shown in FIG. 2, the press-fitting portion 15 of the heater 10 is ground. This grinding process is for improving the roundness of the press-fitting portion 15 of the heater 10 and providing the uneven surface 60.
Specifically, the roundness of the press-fit portion 15 is adjusted by adjusting the feed of a grinding wheel for grinding, and the uneven portion 6 having a linear pattern is provided.
[0030]
The uneven portion 6 is provided uniformly over the entire surface of the press-fit portion 15. That is, the uneven surface 60 of this example is provided so as to occupy 100% of the surface area of the press-fit portion 15.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the pattern of the concavo-convex portion 6 of this example is an intermittent linear pattern, and is provided so as to intersect in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction.
[0031]
Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the housing 5 is prepared, and a press-fitting process for press-fitting and fixing the heater 10 to the housing 5 is performed.
As shown in the figure, the housing 5 has an inner hole 50 penetrating in the axial direction of the housing 5 and a fitting portion 55 at a position slightly inside the heater insertion port 51. Further, as the material of the housing 5, a material whose hardness is lower than that of the heater 10 is adopted.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 3, the housing 5 is placed on the housing holding jig 86 with the heater insertion port 51 facing upward.
Next, the heater 10 held by the heater fixing jig 81 is inserted into the inner hole of the housing 5 with the central shaft 4 at the head, and the heater 10 and the housing 5 are temporarily assembled.
[0033]
Next, the heater 10 is strongly pressed by the heater fixing jig 81, and the press-fitting portion 15 is press-fitted to the fitting portion 55 of the housing 5. At this time, a lubricant is applied to the press-fit portion 15 of the heater 10 in advance. This lubricant is for preventing an increase in pressing load at the time of press-fitting due to the provision of the uneven surface 60. In this example, fluorine-based grease was used as the lubricant. Instead of this, silicon-based grease, synthetic hydrocarbon-based grease, polyglycol-based grease, phenether-based grease, or the like can be used.
[0034]
By completing the press-fitting and fixing, as shown in FIG. 1, the glow plug 1 in which the heater 10 and the housing 5 are firmly integrated is obtained.
A nut 71, a resin bush 72, an O-ring 73 made of an insulating elastic material, and a resin washer 74 are disposed on the central shaft protruding side of the housing 5 as in the conventional case.
[0035]
The glow plug 1 obtained in this way has very excellent airtightness between the heater 10 and the housing 5.
That is, since the concave / convex surface 60 is provided in the press-fit portion 15, the concave / convex portion 6 of the concave / convex surface 60 is indented or indented into the contact portion 55 by the press-fitting. It will be in the state. Further, as described above, the concavo-convex portion 6 is arranged in a direction substantially orthogonal to the axial direction of the glow plug.
[0036]
Therefore, the concavo-convex portion 6 in the press-fitting and fixing portion is very firmly in close contact with the fitting portion 55 and plays a role like a barrier that prevents air conduction.
Therefore, even when the glow plug 1 is used under high pressure, the uneven portion 6 can block air that is about to enter between the heater 10 and the housing 5, and airtightness can be maintained.
[0037]
Moreover, the manufacture of the glow plug 1 having excellent airtightness can be easily performed by forming the uneven surface 60 during the grinding process.
Therefore, according to this example, it is possible to provide the glow plug 1 that can easily maintain the hermeticity between the housing 5 and the heater 10 and the manufacturing method thereof.
[0038]
Embodiment 2
In this example, as shown in FIG. 4, an uneven surface 62 is provided on the press-fitting portion 15 of the heater 10 by performing a cutting process instead of the grinding process in the first embodiment. As shown in the figure, the uneven surface 62 of this example is one in which the uneven portions 6 are arranged in a spiral pattern on the entire surface of the press-fit portion 15. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.
In this case, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
[0039]
Embodiment 3
In this example, as shown in FIG. 5, in place of the concavo-convex surface 62 of the second embodiment, a concavo-convex surface 63 having a concavo-convex portion 6 in a grid pattern is provided on the press-fit portion 15 by grinding or knurling. is there. Others are the same as the second embodiment.
In this case, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
[0040]
Embodiment 4
In this example, as shown in FIG. 6, an uneven surface 64 is provided on the fitting portion 55 of the housing 5. That is, it is not necessary to provide the uneven surface 60 in the press-fitting portion 15 of the heater 10 of Embodiment 1 simply by performing the grinding process. Then, on the surface of the fitting portion 55 of the housing 5, an uneven surface 64 in which the uneven portion 6 having an intermittent linear pattern is provided in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction is formed by grinding.
The material of the housing 5 is higher than that of the heater 10. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.
In this case, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
[0041]
Embodiment 5
In this example, as shown in FIG. 7, an uneven surface 65 is provided on the fitting portion 55 of the housing 5 by performing a cutting process instead of the grinding process of the fourth embodiment. The uneven surface 65 of this example is one in which the uneven portion 6 is arranged in a spiral pattern on the entire surface of the fitting portion 55 as shown in FIG. Others are the same as the fourth embodiment.
In this case, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
[0042]
Embodiment 6
In this example, as shown in FIG. 8, in place of the concavo-convex surface 65 of the fifth embodiment, a concavo-convex surface 66 having a concavo-convex portion 6 of a grid pattern is provided on the fitting portion 55 by grinding or knurling. It is. Others are the same as the fifth embodiment.
In this case, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway sectional view of a glow plug according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an uneven surface of a heater in the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a press-fitted and fixed state between the heater and the housing in the first embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an uneven surface of a heater in Embodiment 2.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an uneven surface of a heater in Embodiment 3;
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing the uneven surface of the housing in the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing an uneven surface of a housing in the fifth embodiment.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing an uneven surface of a housing in the sixth embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway sectional view of a conventional glow plug.
[Explanation of symbols]
1. . . Glow plug,
10. . . heater,
11. . . Metal tube,
15. . . Press fitting,
2. . . Insulating powder,
3. . . Heat coil,
4). . . Middle shaft,
5). . . housing,
50. . . Inner hole,
55. . . Fitting portion,
6). . . Uneven part,
60. . . Uneven surface,

Claims (4)

内孔を設けたハウジングと,該ハウジングの上記内孔内に圧入固定したヒータと,該ヒータへの通電を行うための中軸とを有し,かつ,上記ハウジングと上記ヒータとの圧入固定は,上記ハウジングの内孔内に設けた嵌合部と上記ヒータの外周に設けた圧入部とを圧入嵌合させて行っているグロープラグにおいて,
上記ヒータは,上記圧入部を設けた金属チューブと,該金属チューブ内に充填した絶縁粉末と,該絶縁粉末内に埋設したヒートコイルとを有しており,
該ヒートコイルは,その一端が上記金属チューブの先端内面に,その他端が上記中軸の先端にそれぞれ溶接してあり,
上記中軸の先端部分は,上記圧入部の内周側を通って上記絶縁粉末内に埋設してあり,該絶縁粉末は,上記圧入部の内周側まで充填してあり,
上記圧入部の外周面には,グロープラグの軸芯方向に対して非平行なパターンに配された凹凸部を有する凹凸面が設けてあり,
上記金属チューブの材質は,上記ハウジングの材質よりも硬くなっており,
上記嵌合部と上記圧入部との圧入嵌合は,上記圧入部の内周側に,上記中軸の先端部分と上記絶縁粉末とを存在させた状態で行ってあり,
上記凹凸面は,上記圧入部の表面積の20%以上を占めており,
上記凹凸面の上記パターンは,線状パターンであり,該線状パターンは,グロープラグの軸芯方向に対して30度以上傾斜していることを特徴とするグロープラグ。
A housing having an inner hole, a heater press-fitted and fixed in the inner hole of the housing, and a central shaft for energizing the heater, and press-fitting and fixing the housing and the heater are: In a glow plug in which a fitting portion provided in an inner hole of the housing and a press-fitting portion provided on an outer periphery of the heater are press-fitted and fitted,
The heater includes a metal tube provided with the press-fitting portion, an insulating powder filled in the metal tube, and a heat coil embedded in the insulating powder.
One end of the heat coil is welded to the inner surface of the tip of the metal tube, and the other end is welded to the tip of the middle shaft.
The tip portion of the central shaft is embedded in the insulating powder through the inner peripheral side of the press-fit portion, and the insulating powder is filled to the inner peripheral side of the press-fit portion,
On the outer peripheral surface of the press-fit portion, there is provided an uneven surface having uneven portions arranged in a pattern non-parallel to the axial direction of the glow plug,
The metal tube material is harder than the housing material,
Press-fitting between the fitting portion and the press-fitting portion, the inner peripheral side of the press-Ri Oh to go in the presence of the tip portion and the insulating powder of the inner shaft,
The uneven surface occupies 20% or more of the surface area of the press-fit portion,
The glow plug according to claim 1, wherein the pattern on the uneven surface is a linear pattern, and the linear pattern is inclined at 30 degrees or more with respect to an axial center direction of the glow plug.
請求項1において,上記凹凸面の表面粗さ(Rz)は25μm以下であることを特徴とするグロープラグ。  The glow plug according to claim 1, wherein the uneven surface has a surface roughness (Rz) of 25 μm or less. 内孔を設けたハウジングと,該ハウジングの上記内孔内に圧入固定したヒータと,該ヒータへの通電を行うための中軸とを有し,かつ,上記ハウジングと上記ヒータとの圧入固定は,上記ハウジングの内孔内に設けた嵌合部と上記ヒータの外周に設けた圧入部とを圧入嵌合させて行っており,
上記ヒータは,上記圧入部を設けた金属チューブと,該金属チューブ内に充填した絶縁粉末と,該絶縁粉末内に埋設したヒートコイルとを有しており,該ヒートコイルは,その一端が上記金属チューブの先端内面に,その他端が上記中軸の先端にそれぞれ溶接してあり,上記中軸の先端部分は,上記圧入部の内周側を通って上記絶縁粉末内に埋設してあり,該絶縁粉末は,上記圧入部の内周側まで充填してあり,上記金属チューブの材質を,上記ハウジングの材質よりも硬くしてなるグロープラグを製造する方法において,
上記ヒータと上記ハウジングとの圧入工程を行う前には,予め,上記圧入部の外周面に,グロープラグの軸芯方向に対して非平行なパターンに配された凹凸部を有する凹凸面を設け,上記嵌合部と上記圧入部との圧入嵌合を,上記圧入部の内周側に,上記中軸の先端部分と上記絶縁粉末とを存在させた状態で行い,
かつ,上記凹凸面は,上記圧入部の表面積の20%以上を占め,上記凹凸面の上記パターンは,線状パターンであり,該線状パターンは,グロープラグの軸芯方向に対して30度以上傾斜しているように設けることを特徴とするグロープラグの製造方法。
A housing having an inner hole, a heater press-fitted and fixed in the inner hole of the housing, and a central shaft for energizing the heater, and press-fitting and fixing the housing and the heater are: The fitting portion provided in the inner hole of the housing and the press-fitting portion provided on the outer periphery of the heater are press-fitted and fitted,
The heater includes a metal tube provided with the press-fitting portion, an insulating powder filled in the metal tube, and a heat coil embedded in the insulating powder, and one end of the heat coil is the above-described one. The inner end of the metal tube is welded to the other end of the middle shaft, and the end of the middle shaft is embedded in the insulating powder through the inner peripheral side of the press-fitting portion. In the method of manufacturing a glow plug, in which the powder is filled up to the inner peripheral side of the press-fit portion, and the material of the metal tube is harder than the material of the housing,
Before performing the press-fitting process between the heater and the housing, an uneven surface having uneven portions arranged in a pattern non-parallel to the axial direction of the glow plug is provided in advance on the outer peripheral surface of the press-fit portion. The press-fitting between the fitting portion and the press-fitting portion is performed in a state where the tip end portion of the central shaft and the insulating powder are present on the inner peripheral side of the press-fitting portion,
And the said uneven surface occupies 20% or more of the surface area of the said press-fit part, and the said pattern of the said uneven surface is a linear pattern, and this linear pattern is 30 degree | times with respect to the axial center direction of a glow plug. A method for manufacturing a glow plug, characterized by being provided so as to be inclined .
請求項3において,上記凹凸面は,上記圧入部に対して切削又は研削を施すことにより設けることを特徴とするグロープラグの製造方法。4. The method for manufacturing a glow plug according to claim 3, wherein the uneven surface is provided by cutting or grinding the press-fitting portion.
JP27355297A 1997-09-19 1997-09-19 Glow plug and manufacturing method thereof Expired - Lifetime JP3843557B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP27355297A JP3843557B2 (en) 1997-09-19 1997-09-19 Glow plug and manufacturing method thereof
DE69827571T DE69827571T2 (en) 1997-09-19 1998-09-18 glow plug
EP19980117773 EP0903541B1 (en) 1997-09-19 1998-09-18 Glow plug
EP04008758A EP1441179A3 (en) 1997-09-19 1998-09-18 Glow plug

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JP27355297A JP3843557B2 (en) 1997-09-19 1997-09-19 Glow plug and manufacturing method thereof

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JP3843557B2 true JP3843557B2 (en) 2006-11-08

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JP5102530B2 (en) * 2006-05-19 2012-12-19 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Glow plug and manufacturing method thereof
KR100847270B1 (en) * 2007-01-24 2008-07-18 주식회사 유라테크 Glow plug for internal engine
JP5719600B2 (en) * 2011-01-12 2015-05-20 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Metal glow plug
JP6030409B2 (en) * 2012-11-02 2016-11-24 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Glow plug and method of manufacturing glow plug

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JPS5367034A (en) * 1976-11-25 1978-06-15 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Manufacturing method of theath glow plug
JPS57196018A (en) * 1981-05-28 1982-12-01 Hitachi Ltd Glow plug for use in diesel engine
JPS5959663U (en) * 1982-10-06 1984-04-18 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Two-wire glow plug
JPS6325416A (en) * 1986-07-17 1988-02-02 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Ceramic glow plug
JP2890325B2 (en) * 1990-07-23 1999-05-10 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Method for manufacturing seeds type glow plug
JP3189058B2 (en) * 1990-11-19 2001-07-16 日本ピストンリング株式会社 Mechanical element obtained by press-fitting a shaft into a fitting member and method for manufacturing the same
JP3163505B2 (en) * 1991-06-07 2001-05-08 日本ピストンリング株式会社 Mechanical element obtained by press-fitting a shaft into a fitting member and method for manufacturing the same
JP3415351B2 (en) * 1995-11-30 2003-06-09 日本碍子株式会社 Press-fit joining method between core tube and flange fitting of composite steel pipe

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