JP3843389B2 - Sound absorbing structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a soundproof wall for roads and railways, a soundproof wall used for a building structure, and a sound absorbing structure used for other soundproof walls.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There has been known a configuration in which a soundproof wall is provided in order to prevent noise generated from an expressway or a railroad from reaching the surroundings or to reduce noise damage to the surroundings.
[0003]
As a structure of the soundproof wall, for example, a structure as described in JP-A-9-256328 is known. This publication discloses a structure in which a sound insulation panel is dropped into a groove of an H-shaped steel material standing vertically at a predetermined interval. In addition, this publication discloses a configuration in which a sound insulating panel is arranged instead of a sound absorbing panel, but a similar structure can be adopted when a sound absorbing panel is arranged.
[0004]
For the sound absorbing panel, for example, a structure including a back air layer behind a sound absorbing material having acoustic resistance such as glass wool is adopted. In such a sound absorbing structure, a sound absorbing action can be obtained at a frequency equal to or higher than the resonance frequency determined by the thickness of the sound absorbing material and the back air layer.
[0005]
In general, the length of the soundproof wall is long regardless of whether the soundproofing of the road or the railway. For this reason, the most important issues are the simple structure as much as possible, low cost, easy maintenance, and good workability.
[0006]
Further, when the sound absorbing structure is adopted, an air layer having a certain thickness is required, and thus the thickness of the sound absorbing structure itself is also required. However, in general, highways and the like rarely have extra dimensions because of the sound absorbing structure, and a structure that can effectively use the space is required.
[0007]
In the structure in which the sound absorbing panel is dropped into the groove portion of the H-shaped steel described above, the thickness of the back air layer is limited by the dimensions of the H-shaped steel material, so that there is a problem that a back air layer having a required thickness cannot be obtained. . Further, in this structure, it is necessary to conceal the H-shaped steel material from an aesthetic problem, and there is a problem that not only the structure becomes more complicated and the cost is increased, but also workability and maintainability are not good.
[0008]
Further, in the structure in which the sound absorbing panel is dropped into the groove portion of the H-shaped steel material, when the lower sound absorbing panel is replaced for some reason, there is a poor maintenance property that the upper sound absorbing panel must be removed. In particular, the lower part of the sound absorbing structure is easily damaged by a traffic accident or a flying object jumped off by a vehicle, and the above poor maintenance is a serious problem.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
This invention solves the above subjects, and provides the sound absorption structure which solved the following subjects in the soundproof wall using a sound absorption structure.
(1) Space can be used effectively.
(2) The structure and construction are simple.
(3) Maintenance is easy.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problem, the first invention of the present invention is arranged such that a front plate and a back plate are arranged between two support columns, and a back air layer is formed by the front plate, the back plate and the two support columns. The surface plate is sound-absorbing, the back plate is air-impermeable, and a sound-absorbing structure is formed by the surface plate and the back air layer.
[0011]
As a support | pillar, the thing of arbitrary shapes, such as a steel material with a cross-section H-section steel material or a square or a circular cross section, is employable.
[0012]
As the surface plate having sound absorbing properties, a surface plate having a function of consuming acoustic energy as heat energy is used. For example, a molded structure made of a porous material, a fibrous sound absorbing material such as glass wool, a laminated structure sandwiched between sufficiently breathable members that can be considered acoustically transparent, such as a fibrous sound absorbing material and punching metal, A laminated structure in which a fibrous sound absorbing material such as glass wool is attached to a member such as a punching metal, a plate material in which metal fibers are formed into a plate shape, a structure having a resonance mechanism such as a perforated board can be used. Further, as the back plate, those having air permeability are used, and various metal plates and the like are desirable in consideration of strength and corrosion.
[0013]
In the second invention, an H-shaped steel material is adopted as a support column, brackets are respectively attached to both flange portions of the H-shaped steel material, and a front plate and a back plate are respectively attached to the bracket portions. It is characterized by that.
[0014]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the surface plate includes a plate material obtained by forming a metal fiber into a plate shape, and a plurality of longitudinal members having a U-shaped cross-section toward the back surface side of the plate material. The invention of 4 is characterized in that the front surface plate and / or the back surface plate are respectively formed with small convex surface portions or concave surface portions via upper and lower end portions of the wide bulging portion via stepped portions.
[0015]
[Action]
According to 1st invention, the following significance can be acquired by forming internal space with a front plate and a back plate using two support | pillars, and making it into a back air layer.
(1) The constituent members can be used without waste.
(2) A large back air layer can be provided as much as possible.
(3) Since the front plate and the back plate can be individually constructed, the construction is easy and the maintenance is excellent. In particular, since the lower surface plate and the back surface plate which are easily damaged can be individually removed, it is extremely useful when used for a road noise barrier or a railway noise barrier.
[0016]
In addition, when used for a soundproof wall for roads and railways, there is a significance that the inside of the back air layer can be used as an installation place for a signal cable or the like.
[0017]
According to 2nd invention, the flange part can be utilized for the attachment part of a bracket by using H-shaped steel materials, and a structure can be made simpler and it can be made the structure excellent in maintainability. Furthermore, the thickness of the back air layer can be freely set by selecting the dimensions of the bracket.
[0018]
According to the third aspect of the invention, the resonant sound absorbing structure having the back air layer and the slit opening is formed by the plurality of longitudinal members having a U-shaped cross section, and higher sound absorbing performance can be obtained. That is, sound absorption performance in a wide sound absorption band as a whole can be obtained by absorbing sound in the high sound range by the action of the back air layer and absorbing sound in the low sound area by the action of the resonance sound absorption structure.
[0019]
In addition, since the surface plate made of metal fibers is supported by the plurality of longitudinal members, the strength of the surface plate can be increased. In road soundproofing and railway soundproofing, high wind pressure is applied to the surface plate, so that it is significant that high strength is obtained. Furthermore, since the whole can be comprised with a metal material, the soundproof wall excellent in durability and recyclability can be obtained. Furthermore, when metal fibers are used as the surface plate, the thickness can be reduced to several millimeters or less, so that the advantage of the present invention that can form a large back air layer as much as possible in a limited space is maximized. It can be used as much as possible. In addition, metal fibers are preferable because they do not float in the air like glass fibers, and can avoid adverse effects on the human body due to scattering of the fibers.
[0020]
According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the vertical and / or horizontal connecting method of the front surface plate and / or the back surface plate is a tightly connected structure because of the sealing structure of the uneven surface. Further, when removing and replacing, only the surface plate to be replaced needs to be removed, and the maintenance is excellent.
[0021]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A first embodiment is shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the outline of the whole, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, H-shaped steel materials 101 and 102 arranged at predetermined intervals, brackets 103 and 104 attached to the respective H-shaped steel materials 101 and 102, and the brackets 103 and 104 One sound-absorbing structure unit 108 is constituted by the attached front plate 105 and the rear plate 106 attached to the opposite side of the H-shaped steel members 101 and 102 with the same attachment structure so as to face the front plate 105. Yes.
[0023]
As described above, the surface plate 105 is preferably provided with a function of consuming acoustic energy as heat energy, and is composed of, for example, a sound-absorbing member formed by compressing aluminum fibers into a plate shape. The back plate 106 is made of a non-breathable member such as a metal plate.
[0024]
In this structure, a space 107 surrounded by four surfaces is formed by the H-shaped steel materials 101 and 102 and the front plate 105 and the back plate 106. Although not shown, the remaining two surfaces of the space 107, that is, the bottom surface portion is closed by a base and the upper surface portion is covered by a non-breathable member (or an alternative structure), and the space 107 is a closed space. It is configured. However, even though it is a closed space configuration, the surface plate 105 is made of a gas-permeable member, and thus is not an acoustically closed space.
[0025]
This space 107 functions as an air layer behind the surface plate 105 that is a member having a sound absorbing property. The space 107 may simply exist as a space, but a sound absorbing material such as glass wool may be disposed or filled to enhance the function as a back air layer.
[0026]
And in this structure, since the H-shaped steel materials 101 and 102 are concealed from the outside by the front surface plate 105 and the back surface plate 106, it is not necessary to provide a decorative plate or the like separately. Further, in this structure, as described above, one sound absorbing structure unit 108 is constituted by the H-shaped steel materials 101 and 102, the front plate 105, and the back plate 106. The structure units 108 are appropriately combined vertically and horizontally to obtain a soundproof wall as the overall structure of the sound absorbing structure.
[0027]
As described above, in the structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the front plate 105 and the back plate 106 are attached to the H-shaped steel members 101 and 102 via the brackets 103 and 104. The brackets 103 and 104 are attached to the H-shaped steel materials 101 and 102 by fitting concave groove portions 109 and 110 at both ends into the flanges 111 of the H-shaped steel materials 101 and 102, respectively. Then, the front plate 105 and the back plate 106 are fitted into the brackets 103 and 104 by fitting the claw portions 116 (see FIG. 4) respectively provided in the front plate 105 and the back plate 106 into the openings 115 provided there. And are fixed. The openings 115 and the claw portions 116 can be stably attached when a plurality of the openings 115 and the claw portions 116 are provided at predetermined intervals.
[0028]
This structure has the following significance.
(1) The maximum space can be used. That is, since the sound absorbing structure requires a certain amount of volume in principle, the space can be utilized to the maximum.
(2) The structure is simple and construction is easy.
(3) Even if the surface plate or the back plate is damaged due to a traffic accident or the like, the replacement is easy and the maintenance is excellent.
[0029]
Next, details of the attachment structure of the front plate 105 and the back plate 106 in this structure will be shown. FIG. 3 is an exploded view with the front plate 105 removed, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the outline of the front plate 105 from the back side. In the present invention, the roles and structures of the front plate 105 and the back plate 106 are different, but the mounting structure is basically the same, and therefore, the mounting structure of the front plate 105 will be described here.
[0030]
The front plate 105 is attached to each of the brackets 103 and 104 by fitting a plurality of claw portions 116 (see FIG. 4) provided at both ends of the back surface into the respective openings 115 of the brackets 103 and 104. More specifically, by engaging the claw portions 116 with the edge portions 117 below the openings 115, the surface plate 105 is attached to the brackets 103 and 104 and fixed (see FIG. 3). As shown in FIG. 4, the claw portion 116 is formed on a plate member 120 having an L shape or the like, and is fixed to both end portions of the back surface of the front plate 105 by bolts 121 and nuts 122. The claw portion 116 of the back plate 106 is similarly configured.
[0031]
The brackets 103 and 104 are attached to the H-shaped steel members 101 and 102 by fitting the left and right concave grooves 109 and 110 into the both end portions 112 and 113 of the flange portion 111 of the H-shaped steel materials 101 and 102, respectively. Thus, the surface plate 105 is attached and fixed to the H-shaped steel members 101 and 102 via the brackets 103 and 104 (see FIG. 3).
[0032]
In actual construction, the brackets 103 and 104 are attached to the H-shaped steel materials 101 and 102 arranged in advance, respectively, and then the surface plate 105 is attached to the brackets 103 and 104, respectively. In this structure, the front plate 105 (back plate 106) can be individually attached to or detached from the H-shaped steel members 101, 102 via the brackets 103, 104, so that the workability and maintainability are excellent. It becomes.
[0033]
The structure shown here is preferable for the attachment structure between the front plate 105 and the back plate 106, but other methods may be adopted as long as a more time-consuming method is allowed. For example, a method of directly bolting the front surface plate 105 (back surface plate 106) to the H-shaped steel materials 101, 102 may be employed. Moreover, although the example using the H-shaped steel materials 101 and 102 with the simplest structure and excellent workability is shown, a steel material having a cross-sectional shape other than the H shape may be used as the support.
[0034]
As a second embodiment, an example of a sound absorbing structure that employs a slit resonance structure will be described. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an example in which a resonant sound absorbing structure is employed.
[0035]
The surface plate 200 has a structure in which a plurality of metal long members 202 having a U-shaped cross section are provided on the back side of a plate-like sound absorbing material 201 obtained by compressing metal fibers into a plate shape. In this structure, the internal space formed by the longitudinal member 202 functions as the back air layer 203. A space 204 between adjacent longitudinal members 202 and 202 has a slit configuration, and a resonance structure based on a Helmholtz resonance structure is formed in the space 205 behind the slit 204. This resonance structure is referred to as a slit resonance structure 206. .
[0036]
In this slit resonance structure 206, a resonance structure is formed by the space 204 of the slit portion and the space 205 behind, and a mass of air violently enters and exits the slit portion at a predetermined resonance frequency, and at that time, acoustic energy is generated by friction. It is consumed and sound absorption is performed. For this reason, sound absorption in the high sound range by the sound absorbing material 201 and the back air layer 203 and sound absorption in the low sound range by the slit resonance structure 206 act synergistically, and high sound absorption performance is obtained in a wide frequency band.
[0037]
In particular, in the slit resonance structure 206, the sound absorbing material 201 that acoustically exhibits high resistance exists in the slit portion, so that sound absorption by the resonance structure is performed with higher efficiency.
[0038]
In addition, this structure does not use inorganic fiber materials such as glass wool, which cause problems such as fiber scattering and tingling. Therefore, fiber scattering due to damage to the soundproof wall due to deterioration of the construction environment or accidents is a problem. In other words, since all can be made of a metal material, high recyclability can be obtained.
[0039]
Here, the back air layer 203 and the slit resonance structure 206 are formed one by one, but at least one of a plurality of types may be formed. For example, another back air layer may be formed in the back air layer 203.
[0040]
Moreover, as a combination arrangement structure of this back surface board 106, a structure as shown in FIG. 6 is employable. That is, the back plate 301 is formed by forming small convex surface portions 304 or concave surface portions 305 on the upper and lower end portions of the wide bulging portion 302 at the center portion via the step portions 303. The combination in the vertical direction is preferably performed by a seal structure 306 that abuts adjacent convex surface portions 304 and concave surface portions 305.
[0041]
According to this example, since the back plate 301 has the bulging portion 302, the air layer behind it can be thickened, and the combination in the vertical direction depends on the seal structure 306 of the convex portion 304 and the concave portion 305. Easy to do.
[0042]
Moreover, since the formation of an unintended gap can be prevented, it is possible to prevent a decrease in sound absorption performance due to the formation of the gap. In addition, it is possible to prevent the intrusion of rainwater and to increase the durability of the structure. Moreover, this structure can obtain the same effect even if it is used for a surface plate. Also in the case of a surface plate, the combination in the vertical direction can be performed by a seal structure of a convex surface portion and a concave surface portion.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
By adopting the present invention, it is possible to provide a soundproof wall that solves the following problems.
(1) Space can be used effectively.
(2) The structure and construction are simple.
(3) Maintenance is easy.
[0044]
That is, since the back air layer can be formed without waste, the back air layer can be made as thick as possible, the strut can be used effectively, and there is no need to use a separate member for hiding the strut. Simple. Furthermore, the front plate and the back plate can be removed individually, and the significance that the construction is easy is obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is an exploded view with a surface plate removed.
FIG. 4 is a rear perspective view showing an outline of a front plate.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a modification of the surface plate.
[Explanation of symbols]
105 Front plate 106 Back plate 107 Back air layer

Claims (4)

A front plate and a back plate are placed between the two columns,
A back air layer is formed by the front plate and the back plate and the two columns,
The front plate has sound absorption, and the back plate is non-breathable,
A sound absorbing structure, wherein a sound absorbing structure is formed by the surface plate and the back air layer. H-shaped steel is adopted as the support,
Brackets are attached to both flange portions of the H-shaped steel material,
The sound absorbing structure according to claim 1, wherein a front plate and a back plate are respectively attached to the bracket portions. The surface plate is a plate material in which metal fibers are formed into a plate shape,
The sound-absorbing structure according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of longitudinal members having a U-shaped cross-section toward the back side of the plate material. The front surface plate and / or the back surface plate are formed by forming small convex surface portions or concave surface portions on the upper and lower end portions of the wide bulging portion through stepped portions, respectively. The sound absorbing structure as described.

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