JP3843066B2

JP3843066B2 - Heat pump water heater

Info

Publication number: JP3843066B2
Application number: JP2002376338A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 哲信岡村; 武夫小沢; 成一須永
Original assignee: 日立ホーム・アンド・ライフ・ソリューション株式会社
Priority date: 2002-12-26
Filing date: 2002-12-26
Publication date: 2006-11-08
Anticipated expiration: 2022-12-26
Also published as: JP2004205141A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ヒートポンプ式給湯機に係り、特に貯湯タンクから給湯する第１給湯回路と水冷媒熱交換器から給湯する第２給湯回路とを備えたヒートポンプ式給湯機に好適なものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の給湯機には、貯湯タンクを持たずにガス等を燃焼させてその強力な燃焼熱で瞬間的に水を沸き上げて湯を供給する燃焼式給湯機や、大容量の貯湯タンクを持ち夜間割引の安い電力を利用して夜の間に電気ヒーターで加熱した大量の湯を貯湯タンクに貯蔵し日中に貯湯タンクに貯蔵した湯を使う電気温水器等があった。
【０００３】
そして、最近では電気温水器に比較してエネルギー効率が良いと云われるヒートポンプ式給湯機が普及し始めてきた。ヒートポンプ式給湯機は、熱源に冷媒の状態変化を利用しているので、電気ヒーター加熱よりエネルギー効率が数倍良く、またガス等を燃焼しないのでＣＯ２を排出せず地球環境にやさしい給湯機と云われている。しかし、ガス等を燃焼したときのように強力な熱量がないため、電気温水器と同様に大容量の貯湯タンクを設け、夜間の安価な電力を使って夜中にヒートポンプ回路で湯を沸き上げて貯湯タンクに貯蔵し、貯蔵した湯を日中に使うものが一般的であった。すなわち、従来のヒートポンプ式給湯機ではヒートポンプ回路と、ヒートポンプ回路で加熱した大量の湯を貯蔵しておく貯湯タンクをそれぞれ別個の装置として設け、両装置の間を配管等で接続して給湯機として機能させていた。
【０００４】
係る従来のヒートポンプ式給湯機としては、特開平９−１２６５４７号公報（特許文献１）に開示されたものがある。これを図７に示して説明する。
【０００５】
ヒートポンプ式給湯機は、圧縮機１０１、凝縮器１０２、減圧装置１０３、蒸発器１０４から構成されたヒートポンプ回路と、大容量の貯湯タンク１８５とを別個の装置として設けている。また、ヒートポンプ式給湯機は、貯湯タンク１８５の下部からポンプ２２２を介してヒートポンプ回路の凝縮器１０２と熱交換的に配置した水熱交換器１１３に水配管を接続し、水熱交換器１１３の出口と貯湯タンク１８５の上部に温水配管を接続した貯給湯回路を設けている。
【０００６】
そして、このヒートポンプ式給湯機は、夜間の安価な電力を利用してエネルギー効率の良いヒートポンプ回路を運転し、貯湯タンク１８５内の水をポンプ２２２で循環させながら水熱交換器１１３で所定の湯温になるまで徐々に温め、所定の湯温に達したことを温度検知器１１４で検知してヒートポンプ回路の運転を停止するようにしている。日中、使用端末１１８で湯を使用する際にはミキシングバルブ１１７で水道水と混合して適当な温度に薄めて供給する。貯湯タンク１８５に貯蔵する湯の温度をできるだけ高くすることにより、ミキシングバルブ１１７により薄める水道水の量を多くし、貯湯タンク１８５から取り出す湯の量を少なくするようにしている。
【０００７】
【特許文献１】
特開平９−１２６５４７号公報
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来のヒートポンプ式給湯機は、大容量の貯湯タンクを有するため、ヒートポンプ式給湯機を設置するための充分な広さの設置スペースが必要となっていた。また、貯湯タンクの容量一杯に湯を貯めた場合を考えると、その質量は一般的なヒートポンプ式給湯機では４００ｋｇを超える重さになるので、設置場所の基礎工事を行なって充分な強度を確保しなければならず、また、アパートやマンションのベランダのような狭い場所や強度の強度の不十分な場所にすえつけることが困難であり、さらには、ヒートポンプ式給湯機を顧客の設置場所に運搬する際にもその費用や手間を多く要するものであった。
【０００９】
そして、従来のヒートポンプ式給湯機は、夜間の安い電気料金を利用するように夜中にヒートポンプ回路を運転し、高温の湯にして貯湯タンクに貯えておき、日中にヒートポンプ回路を運転しないで貯湯タンクに貯まっている湯を利用して給湯するという使い方をしている。このため、時には貯湯タンクの湯を使いきってしまい、直ぐに沸き上げることができずに湯切れを起こすことがあった。また、空気温度より温度の高い大量の湯を貯蔵しておくため、貯湯タンクの大きな表面から熱が放射されてエネルギーの無駄使いになり、それによって温度が下がる分を夜間に余裕を持って温めておく必要があった。
【００１０】
そこで、貯湯タンクの温水を利用した給湯運転を行なった後に、ヒートポンプ回路を運転しつつ水熱交換器に水を通して温水にし、これを給湯するヒートポンプ式給湯機が考えられる。
【００１１】
しかし、このヒートポンプ式給湯機では、水熱交換器で所定温度まで上昇させなければならないため、水熱交換器を長くして凝縮器との熱交換量を大きくする必要があった。このため、給湯時の水熱交換器の圧力損失が大きくなって出湯圧力が低くなり、例えば水道の給水圧力が低い場合、シャワーの勢いが弱くなったり、２階への給湯ができなくなったりするなど使い勝手に問題の発生する場合があった。特に、水熱交換器を凝縮器と共に螺旋状に巻き円筒状に形成して熱交換面積を大幅に増大させようとすると、これに伴って水熱交換器の圧力損失が大幅に大きくなって使い勝手を著しく損なってしまうという問題があった。
【００１２】
これを解決するために出湯回路の出口側に新たに加圧ポンプを追加して昇圧することが考えられるが、この場合には高価なポンプを２個使用することになり、コストアップになってしまうという問題があった。
【００１３】
本発明の目的は、小型及び軽量で輸送性及び据付け性に優れると共に湯切れを起こすことなくエネルギー効率に優れ、しかもコストアップを極力抑えつつ出湯圧力を高める事が可能なヒートポンプ式給湯機を提供することにある。
【００１４】
なお、本発明のその他の目的と有利点は以下の記述から明らかにされる。
【００１５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するために、本発明は、圧縮機、凝縮器、減圧装置、外気と熱交換を行なう蒸発器を冷媒配管を介して順次接続したヒートポンプ回路と、貯湯タンク、ポンプ、前記凝縮器と熱交換する水熱交換器、切換弁を水配管を介して接続した貯給湯回路と、前記圧縮機、前記ポンプ、前記切換弁の動作を制御する運転制御手段とを備え、前記貯給湯回路は、前記貯湯タンク、前記ポンプ、前記水熱交換器に水を循環させて前記貯湯タンクに貯湯する貯湯回路と、前記貯湯タンクから使用端末へ給湯する第１給湯回路と、前記水熱交換器から使用端末へ給湯する第２給湯回路とに切換えて形成し、前記ポンプは前記第２給湯回路による給湯時に前記水熱交換器の出口側に位置させた構成にしたものである。
【００１６】
なお、本発明のその他の手段は以下の記述から明らかにされる。
【００１７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の複数の実施例を、図を用いて説明する。各実施例の図における同一符号は同一物または相当物を示す。
【００１８】
まず、本発明の第１実施例のヒートポンプ式給湯機を、図１から図４を用いて説明する。
【００１９】
ヒートポンプ式給湯機５０は、ヒートポンプ回路５１、給湯回路５２および運転制御手段５５を備えて構成されている。このヒートポンプ回路５１、給湯回路５２および運転制御手段５５は、小容量の貯湯タンク１８を用いて一つの筐体５０ａ内に収納されるようになっている。これによって、ヒートポンプ回路５１および給湯回路５２が別体の筐体に収納されている従来の一般的なヒートポンプ式給湯機に比較して、輸送性、据付け性を良好なものすることができる。
【００２０】
ヒートポンプ回路５１は、圧縮機１、凝縮器３、減圧装置５、蒸発器６を、冷媒配管を介して順次接続して構成されており、その中に冷媒が封入されている。
【００２１】
圧縮機１は、容量制御が可能で、多量の給湯を行なう際に大きな容量で運転される。ここで、圧縮機１は、ＰＷＭ制御、電圧制御（例えばＰＡＭ制御）及びこれらの組合せ制御により、低速（例えば２０００回転／分）から高速（例えば８０００回転／分）まで回転数制御されるようになっている。特に、第１水熱交換器１１から直接給湯する際（換言すれば、第２給湯回路で給湯する際）には、圧縮機１が高速回転数で運転される。
【００２２】
凝縮器３は第１水熱交換器１１および第２水熱交換器１２と熱交換を行なうように構成されている。水冷媒熱交換器２は凝縮器３、第１水熱交換器１１および第２水熱交換器１２を備えて構成されている。蒸発器６は送風機９により通風される外気と冷媒との熱交換を行なう空気冷媒熱交換器で構成されている。
【００２３】
給湯回路５２は貯給湯回路５３および風呂追炊回路５４を備えて構成されている。
【００２４】
貯給湯回路５３は、減圧弁１７、貯湯タンク１８、第１ポンプ２２、逆止弁２４、第１水熱交換器１１、切換弁１９、流量調整弁２３、バイパス弁２０、開閉弁２１および流量計２５が水配管を介して接続されて構成されている。なお、符号２６は給湯口である。貯給湯回路５３内には、給水源から水が供給されて充満される。
【００２５】
風呂追炊回路５４は、第２水熱交換器１２、第２ポンプ２８が水配管を介して接続されて構成されている。風呂追炊回路５４は、浴槽３３の湯を第２水熱交換器１２、第２ポンプ２８の順に循環して追炊きするように構成されている。貯給湯回路５３の給湯口２６から開閉弁２７を通して風呂追炊回路５４側に給湯されるように構成されている。
【００２６】
なお、本発明の説明において、水は冷水と温水とを含むものであり、冷水は温水になる前の状態であり、温水は冷水が加熱された状態（湯とも言う）である。
【００２７】
運転制御手段５５は、図１に示すように、圧縮機１、減圧装置５、第１ポンプ２２、切換弁１９、流量調整弁２３、バイパス弁２０、第２ポンプ２８、開閉弁２１、２７の動作を制御するものである。
【００２８】
ヒートポンプ式給湯機には、給湯機の状態を検出する温度センサが備えられている。給湯回路５２側には、流量調整弁２３の前後の給湯管３４、第１水熱交換器１１と切換弁１９との間の水配管、減圧弁１７の出口側の給水管１６、第２ポンプ２８の出口側の水配管にそれぞれ温度センサが設けられ、運転制御手段５５に検出信号が入力されるように構成されている。また、ヒートポンプ回路５１側には、外気温度を検出する外気温センサが設けられ、運転制御手段５５に検出信号が入力されるように構成されている。運転制御手段５５はこれらの信号に基づいて各機器を制御する。
【００２９】
貯給湯回路５３は、切換弁１９の切換えによって、貯湯タンク１８、バイパス弁２０、流量調整弁２３、第１ポンプ２２、開閉弁２１、第１水熱交換器１１、切換弁１９、貯湯弁１８の順に水を循環させて貯湯タンク１８に貯湯する貯湯回路と、給水源から給水を受けながら貯湯タンク１８から切換弁１９、流量調整弁２３および第１ポンプを通して給湯する第１給湯回路と、給水源から給水を受けながら第１水熱交換器１１から切換弁１９、流量調整弁２３および第１ポンプ２２を通して給湯する第２給湯回路とを形成するように水配管を介して接続されて構成されている。
【００３０】
貯給湯回路５３は、給水管１６を給水源に接続して給水されると共に、給湯管３４を使用端末である蛇口３１、シャワー３２に接続して給湯するようになっている。
【００３１】
給水管１６は入口側に減圧弁１７および流量計２５を設けている。給水管１６は、減圧弁１７の出口側で三つに分岐されている。分岐された管は、貯湯タンク１８に直接的に、第１水熱交換器１１に逆止弁２４を介して、流量調整弁２３にバイパス弁２０を介してそれぞれ接続されている。バイパス弁２０と流量調整弁２３は給湯温度が目標設定温度になるように調整するためのものである。
【００３２】
逆止弁２４は、圧力差によって一方向のみに水を流通させるものであり、第２給湯回路を構成する際に給水源の冷水を第１水熱交換器へ導くように構成されている。
【００３３】
切換弁１９は、第１給湯回路における第１水熱交換器１１の出口側、第２給湯回路における貯湯タンク１８の出口側、および貯湯回路における第１水熱交換器１１と貯湯タンク１８との間に位置して設けられている。
【００３４】
流量調整弁２３は、給湯管３４の出口側に設けられ、流量を調整して所定温度の給湯を行なうために設けられている。バイパス弁２０は給水源の冷水を貯湯タンク１８および第１水熱交換器１１をバイパスして直接流量調整弁２３の入口側に導くように給水管１６と給湯管３４との間に接続されている。バイパス弁２０から冷水を流量調整弁２３の入口側に導くことにより、給湯流量を確保しながら給湯温度を調節することができる。
【００３５】
貯湯タンク１８は円筒状で縦長に形成された小容量のタンクで構成されている。貯湯タンク１８は従来貯湯方式の貯湯タンクに比べ３分の１程度の小さな貯湯タンクである。貯湯タンク１８の周囲には図２〜図４に示す水冷媒熱交換器２が巻かれて配置されている。水冷媒熱交換器２は、凝縮器３の間に第１水熱交換器１１および第２水熱交換器１２が交互に配置されるように螺線状に形成され、全体として円筒状に形成されている。凝縮器３、第１水熱交換器１１および第２水熱交換器１２は、扁平状に形成されており、その平坦部が熱的に接触して一体的に形成されている。
【００３６】
このような構成において、本実施例のヒートポンプ給湯機は、電気温水器に比較してエネルギー効率が３００〜５００％良いといわれるヒートポンプ回路５１を利用して、第１水熱交換器１１で焚き上げた湯を直接使用端末に供給すると共に、浴槽３３の湯を第２水熱交換器１２で追炊きしようとするものである。
【００３７】
次に、本ヒートポンプ式給湯機の動作について説明する。
【００３８】
ヒートポンプ式給湯機５０は、製造場所から運搬されて利用者の希望する設置場所に据付られ、電源に接続されると、給水源（例えば水道）から給水される。給水された水が減圧弁１７によって一定圧力に減圧調整され、貯湯タンク１８および第１水熱交換器１１並びに各水配管内に充満し、貯給湯回路５３が満水状態にされる。ヒートポンプ給湯機５０の据付時の流量調整弁２２およびバイパス弁２０は閉じられた状態となっている。
【００３９】
電源スイッチが投入されて運転制御手段５５が動作すると、ヒートポンプ回路５１および貯給湯回路５３の運転が開始され、貯湯運転が行なわれる。この貯湯運転では、圧縮機１が運転され、圧縮機１内のガス状冷媒が加熱圧縮され高温高圧の冷媒となって凝縮器３に送り込まれる。これによって、水冷媒熱交換器２では、凝縮器３の冷媒回路を流れる高温冷媒と第１水熱交換器１１の水回路を流れる水とが熱交換し、冷媒は放熱され、水は加熱される。放熱された冷媒は減圧装置５で減圧され、更に蒸発器６で膨脹蒸発してガス状となり再び圧縮機１に戻る。このヒートポンプ運転を繰返し続けることにより、第１水熱交換器１１内を通過する水が加熱される。
【００４０】
また、貯湯運転では、第１ポンプ２２が運転され、貯湯タンク１8内の水が貯湯タンク１８、バイパス弁２０、流量調整弁２３、第１ポンプ２２、開閉弁２１、第１水熱交換器１１、切換弁１９、貯湯弁１８、貯湯タンク１８の順に循環される。これにより、水冷媒熱交換器２で加熱された温水が貯湯タンク１８の上部より貯湯されてゆき、貯湯タンク１８全体が沸き上がった状態で運転を停止する。
【００４１】
そして、使用端末３１、３２で湯が使われると、貯湯タンク１８の下部に水が供給されてその給水圧により貯湯タンク１８の上部に貯まっていた高温の湯が切換弁１９を通って給湯管３４に至り、流量調整弁２３および第１ポンプ２２を通って使用端末３１、３２に供給されることになる。即ち、第１給湯回路が構成されることによってタンク給湯が行なわれる。ここで、給水圧が低い場合には、第１ポンプを運転させて十分な給湯が得られるようになっている。
【００４２】
係る使用端末３１、３２の給湯が開始されると、運転制御手段５５は制御信号を発信して、圧縮機１を起動させてヒートポンプ回路５１の運転を開始する。これによって、ヒートポンプ回路５１は、凝縮器３に冷媒を送り込み、第１水熱交換器１１に溜まっている少量の水を加熱してゆく。そして、凝縮器３に送り込まれてくる冷媒の量は時間の経過とともに増加するので、それにしたがって発生する凝縮熱が増加して第１水熱交換器１１の中に溜まっている少量の水の温度を急激に上昇させてゆく。
【００４３】
そして、運転開始直後の所定時間（例えば数分間）を貯湯タンク１８から湯を供給するタンク給湯を行なった後は、運転制御手段５５が動作して第１給湯回路によるタンク給湯から第２給湯回路による加熱給湯に切換えられる。即ち、第２給湯回路は、給水源からの冷水を第１水熱交換器１１を通して加熱し、切換弁１９および流量調整弁２３を通して使用端末３１、３２に供給する。
【００４４】
このように使用端末３１、３２から給湯が開始されると、貯湯タンク１８から過渡的に給湯し、その後は水加熱器１１から給湯するようにしているので、ヒートポンプ運転立ち上り時の加熱遅れによる給湯遅れを解消できると共に、貯湯タンク１８の容量を従来例と比較して格段に小さくすることができる。また、水加熱器１１からの温水の温度を貯湯タンク１８に溜められた温水の温度より低く設定しておくことにより、ヒートポンプ回路の効率がより一層良好な状態で給湯することができる。なお、水加熱器１１に貯溜している水の温度をできるだけ速く上昇させて、貯湯タンク１８を使用する過渡的な給湯回路を使用する時間を短縮することが貯湯タンク１８の容量をさらに小さくすることになるので、ヒートポンプ回路１０の能力、特に圧縮機出力を従来一般に用いられている５ＫＷ程度より３倍以上の１５ＫＷ程度（より好ましくは５倍以上の２０ＫＷ程度）に大きくすることが望ましい。
【００４５】
また、使用端末の蛇口３１、シャワー３２から同時に出湯された場合は、同時に給水源から同量の水が供給され、貯湯タンク１８及び給湯回路５２は常に満水となるように構成されている。また、この同時給湯における給湯量が極端に多い場合には、切換弁１９の弁体を中間位置に動作させて第１水熱交換器１１からの給湯に加えて貯湯タンク１８からの給湯も併用できるようになっている。但し、この併用運転は貯湯タンク１８に溜まっている温水がなくなるまで続けられる。
【００４６】
そして、使用端末３１、３２での給湯使用がなくなると、貯湯回路による貯湯運転に切換えられる。この貯湯運転は、給湯停止時に、バイパス弁２０を開に、混合弁１９を水加熱器１１の出口と貯湯タンク１８の出口が通となるように開き、流量調整弁２３は全開とし、開閉弁２１は開とした状態から、ヒートポンプ回路を運転させると同時にポンプ２２を運転させる。この貯湯運転は上述した貯湯運転と同じ動作を行なうので、ここで重複して説明することを省略する。
【００４７】
この貯湯運転中に使用端末３１、３２での給湯使用の有無を判定し、給湯使用が開始されれば第１給湯回路による給湯運転に切換えられ、新たな給湯が無ければ貯湯運転を継続すると共に貯湯タンク１８の温度が所定温度になったかを判定する。この判定で、所定温度未満であれば貯湯運転が継続され、所定温度以上であれば運転制御手段５５により運転が終了される。
【００４８】
次に、タンク追焚きについて説明する。貯湯タンク１８内の温水が長時間使用されないで所定温度以下になると、これを自動検知して、ヒートポンプ運転および第１ポンプ２２運転を開始する。これによって、貯湯タンク１８、第１ポンプ２２、第１水熱交換器１１、切換弁１９、貯湯タンク１８の貯湯回路にて貯湯タンク１８内の水温が所定温度に達するまで貯湯運転を行なう。
【００４９】
同様にして、風呂追焚きは、浴槽３３内の温水が長時間使用されない場合、所定温度以下になると自動検知してヒートポンプ運転を開始し、第２ポンプ２８により、浴槽３３、第２ポンプ２８、水冷媒熱交換器２、浴槽３３の水循環回路にて浴槽３３内の水温が所定温度に達するまで貯湯運転を行なう。
【００５０】
本実施例によれば、第１ポンプ２２を第２給湯回路による給湯時に水熱交換器１１の出口側に位置させているので、第２給湯回路による給湯時に給水圧が低くても第１ポンプ２２を運転することにより給湯圧力を増大することができ、これによって十分な給湯を行なうことができる。また、この第１ポンプ２２を貯湯回路の循環用ポンプとして兼用しているので、コストアップを抑えつつ出湯圧力を高めることができる。
【００５１】
また、ヒートポンプ回路５１の運転を開始する時の過渡期だけ貯湯タンク１８内に貯蔵している高温の湯を使用して補助的に使用端末３１、３２に湯を供給し、ヒートポンプ回路５１の安定時には第１水熱交換器１１で焚き上げた湯を直接使用端末３１、３２に供給することができるので、貯湯タンク１８を格段に小さくすることができると共に、湯切れすることなく給湯することができる。小容量の貯湯タンク１８を用いたことにより、運搬費用等を低減することができる。さらには、ヒートポンプ給湯機を設置するのに広い設置スペースを必要とせず、また質量も軽いので特に強固な地盤や基礎工事を必要とせず、アパートやマンションのベランダ等に設置することが可能になる。
【００５２】
また、小容量の貯湯タンク１８をヒートポンプ回路５１などと共に、ヒートポンプ給湯機本体に内蔵するようにしたことにより、ヒートポンプ給湯機本体一個を運搬し、設置すれば良く、運搬費用、設置工事費、それらにかかる諸経費を低減することができると共に、ヒートポンプ給湯機を設置するのに広い設置スペースを必要とせず、また質量も軽いので特に強固な地盤や基礎工事を必要とせず、アパートやマンションのベランダ等にも設置することが可能になる。
【００５３】
また、貯湯タンク１８を小さくすることができるので、貯湯タンク１８からの放熱量を低減することができ、熱エネルギーを無駄なく利用することができる。さらには、貯湯タンク１８を小さくしたことによって、水熱交換器２を巻き付けた貯湯タンク１８全体を小さな断熱材２９で被覆することができるようになり、ヒートポンプ回路１０で加熱した湯をさめ難くし、熱エネルギーを無駄なく利用することができる。
【００５４】
次に、本発明の第２実施例のヒートポンプ式給湯機を図５を参照しながら説明する。この第２実施例は、風呂追炊回路５４をなくした点で第１実施例と相違するものであり、その他の点については第１実施例と基本的には同一である。この第２実施例においても第１実施例と共通する構成において同様な効果を有する。
【００５５】
次に、本発明の第３実施例のヒートポンプ式給湯機を図６を参照しながら説明する。この第３実施例は、第１ポンプ２２を第１水熱交換器１１と切換弁１９との間に配置すると共に、逆止弁２４を削除し、更には開閉弁２１とその水配管を削除した点にて、第１実施例と相違するものであり、その他の点については第１実施例と基本的には同一である。この第３実施例においても第１実施例と共通する構成において同様な効果を有すると共に、この第３実施例では逆止弁２４、開閉弁２１を不要とすることができて安価なものとすることができる。
【００５６】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、小型及び軽量で輸送性及び据付け性に優れると共に湯切れを起こすことなくエネルギー効率に優れ、しかもコストアップを極力抑えつつ出湯圧力を高める事が可能なヒートポンプ式給湯機を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１実施例のヒートポンプ式給湯機の構成図である。
【図２】図１のヒートポンプ式給湯機に用いる水熱交換器の正面図である。
【図３】図２の水熱交換器の平面図である。
【図４】図２の水熱交換器の部分断面拡大図である。
【図５】本発明の第２実施例のヒートポンプ式給湯機の構成図である。
【図６】本発明の第３実施例のヒートポンプ式給湯機の構成図である。
【図７】従来のヒートポンプ式給湯機の構成図である。
【符号の説明】
１…圧縮機、２…水熱交換器、３…凝縮器、５…減圧装置、６…蒸発器、７…アキュムレータ、９…送風機、１１…第１水熱交換器、１２…第２水熱交換器、１６…給水管、１７…減圧弁、１８…貯湯タンク、１９…混合弁、２０…バイバス弁、２１…開閉弁、２２…第１ポンプ、２３…流量調整弁、２４…逆止弁、２７…開閉弁、２８…第２ポンプ、２９…循環ポンプ、３１…蛇口、３２…シャワー、３３…風呂の浴槽、３４…給湯管、５０…ヒートポンプ式給湯機、５１…ヒートポンプ回路、５２…給湯回路、５３…貯給湯回路、５４…風呂追炊回路、５５…運転制御手段。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat pump type hot water heater, and is particularly suitable for a heat pump type hot water heater provided with a first hot water supply circuit that supplies hot water from a hot water storage tank and a second hot water supply circuit that supplies hot water from a water-refrigerant heat exchanger.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional water heaters have a hot water storage tank that does not have a hot water tank and burns gas, etc., and instantly boiles water with its powerful combustion heat to supply hot water, or a large capacity hot water storage tank. There were electric water heaters that used cheap electricity at night to store a large amount of hot water heated by an electric heater during the night in a hot water storage tank and use the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank during the day.
[0003]
And recently, a heat pump type water heater that is said to be more energy efficient than an electric water heater has begun to spread. The heat pump type water heater uses a change in the state of the refrigerant as a heat source, so it is several times better in energy efficiency than electric heater heating, and does not combust gas, so it does not emit CO2 and is friendly to the global environment. It has been broken. However, since there is no strong heat as when gas is burned, a large-capacity hot water storage tank is installed like an electric water heater, and hot water is boiled in the heat pump circuit at night using cheap electricity. It was common to store in a hot water storage tank and use the stored hot water during the day. That is, in a conventional heat pump type hot water heater, a heat pump circuit and a hot water storage tank for storing a large amount of hot water heated by the heat pump circuit are provided as separate devices, and the two devices are connected by piping or the like as a water heater. It was functioning.
[0004]
As such a conventional heat pump type water heater, there is one disclosed in JP-A-9-126547 (Patent Document 1). This will be described with reference to FIG.
[0005]
The heat pump type hot water heater is provided with a heat pump circuit including a compressor 101, a condenser 102, a decompression device 103, and an evaporator 104, and a large-capacity hot water storage tank 185 as separate devices. Further, the heat pump type hot water heater connects a water pipe from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 185 to the water heat exchanger 113 arranged in heat exchange with the condenser 102 of the heat pump circuit via the pump 222, A hot water storage circuit having a hot water pipe connected to the outlet and the upper part of the hot water storage tank 185 is provided.
[0006]
This heat pump type hot water heater operates an energy efficient heat pump circuit using cheap electric power at night, and circulates the water in the hot water storage tank 185 with the pump 222 while the water heat exchanger 113 performs predetermined hot water. The temperature is gradually warmed until the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, and the temperature detector 114 detects that the temperature has reached a predetermined hot water temperature, and the operation of the heat pump circuit is stopped. During the day, when hot water is used at the use terminal 118, it is mixed with tap water by the mixing valve 117 and supplied after being diluted to an appropriate temperature. By increasing the temperature of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 185 as much as possible, the amount of tap water diluted by the mixing valve 117 is increased, and the amount of hot water taken out from the hot water storage tank 185 is decreased.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-126547 [0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the conventional heat pump type hot water heater has a large-capacity hot water storage tank, a sufficiently large installation space is required for installing the heat pump type hot water heater. In addition, considering the case where hot water is stored to the full capacity of the hot water storage tank, the mass of a general heat pump water heater exceeds 400 kg, so sufficient strength is ensured by performing foundation work at the installation site. In addition, it is difficult to install in a confined place such as an apartment or condominium veranda, or in a place with insufficient strength. Furthermore, the heat pump water heater is transported to the customer's installation location. It also took a lot of expense and effort.
[0009]
The conventional heat pump water heater operates the heat pump circuit at night so as to use cheap electricity charges at night, stores it in a hot water storage tank as hot water, and stores the hot water without operating the heat pump circuit during the day. The hot water stored in the tank is used to supply hot water. For this reason, sometimes the hot water in the hot water storage tank was used up, and the water could not be boiled immediately, causing hot water to run out. Also, because a large amount of hot water that is hotter than the air temperature is stored, heat is radiated from the large surface of the hot water tank, which wastes energy and warms up the amount of temperature drop at night. It was necessary to keep.
[0010]
Then, after performing the hot water supply operation using the hot water of a hot water storage tank, it is possible to consider a heat pump type hot water heater that supplies hot water by supplying water through a water heat exchanger while operating the heat pump circuit.
[0011]
However, in this heat pump type hot water supply apparatus, it is necessary to increase the heat exchange amount with the condenser by lengthening the water heat exchanger because the water heat exchanger has to raise the temperature to a predetermined temperature. For this reason, the pressure loss of the water heat exchanger at the time of hot water supply becomes large and the tapping pressure becomes low. For example, when the water supply pressure of the water supply is low, the momentum of the shower becomes weak or hot water supply to the second floor becomes impossible. There were cases where problems occurred with ease of use. In particular, when the water heat exchanger is spirally wound together with the condenser and formed into a cylindrical shape to greatly increase the heat exchange area, the pressure loss of the water heat exchanger is greatly increased. There was a problem that it would be seriously damaged.
[0012]
In order to solve this, it is conceivable to increase the pressure by newly adding a pressure pump to the outlet side of the hot water circuit, but in this case, two expensive pumps are used, which increases the cost. There was a problem that.
[0013]
An object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump type hot water heater that is small and lightweight, has excellent transportability and installation property, is energy efficient without causing hot water shortage, and can increase the hot water pressure while minimizing cost increase. There is to do.
[0014]
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a compressor, a condenser, a decompression device, a heat pump circuit in which an evaporator for exchanging heat with outside air is sequentially connected via a refrigerant pipe, a hot water storage tank, a pump, and the condenser A water heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the storage water hot water circuit having a switching valve connected via a water pipe, and an operation control means for controlling the operation of the compressor, the pump, and the switching valve, and the hot water storage circuit. A hot water storage circuit that circulates water through the hot water storage tank, the pump, and the water heat exchanger to store hot water in the hot water storage tank, a first hot water supply circuit that supplies hot water from the hot water storage tank to a use terminal, and the water heat exchanger The pump is switched to a second hot water supply circuit that supplies hot water to the terminal in use, and the pump is positioned on the outlet side of the water heat exchanger when hot water is supplied by the second hot water supply circuit.
[0016]
The other means of the present invention will be clarified from the following description.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a plurality of embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings of the respective embodiments indicate the same or equivalent.
[0018]
First, the heat pump type water heater of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0019]
The heat pump type hot water heater 50 includes a heat pump circuit 51, a hot water supply circuit 52, and an operation control means 55. The heat pump circuit 51, the hot water supply circuit 52, and the operation control means 55 are accommodated in one housing 50a using a small-capacity hot water storage tank 18. Thereby, compared with the conventional general heat pump type hot water heater in which the heat pump circuit 51 and the hot water supply circuit 52 are housed in separate housings, the transportability and the installation property can be improved.
[0020]
The heat pump circuit 51 is configured by sequentially connecting the compressor 1, the condenser 3, the decompression device 5, and the evaporator 6 through a refrigerant pipe, and a refrigerant is enclosed therein.
[0021]
The compressor 1 is capable of capacity control and is operated with a large capacity when a large amount of hot water is supplied. Here, the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is controlled from a low speed (for example, 2000 rotations / minute) to a high speed (for example, 8000 rotations / minute) by PWM control, voltage control (for example, PAM control) and combination control thereof. It has become. In particular, when hot water is supplied directly from the first water heat exchanger 11 (in other words, when hot water is supplied in the second hot water supply circuit), the compressor 1 is operated at a high speed.
[0022]
The condenser 3 is configured to exchange heat with the first water heat exchanger 11 and the second water heat exchanger 12. The water refrigerant heat exchanger 2 includes a condenser 3, a first water heat exchanger 11, and a second water heat exchanger 12. The evaporator 6 is composed of an air refrigerant heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the outside air ventilated by the blower 9 and the refrigerant.
[0023]
The hot water supply circuit 52 includes a hot water storage circuit 53 and a bath cooking circuit 54.
[0024]
The hot water storage circuit 53 includes a pressure reducing valve 17, a hot water storage tank 18, a first pump 22, a check valve 24, a first water heat exchanger 11, a switching valve 19, a flow rate adjusting valve 23, a bypass valve 20, an on-off valve 21, and a flow rate. A total of 25 is connected via a water pipe. Reference numeral 26 denotes a hot water supply port. The hot water storage circuit 53 is filled with water from a water supply source.
[0025]
The bath additional cooking circuit 54 is configured by connecting the second water heat exchanger 12 and the second pump 28 via a water pipe. The bath additional cooking circuit 54 is configured to circulate and cook hot water in the bathtub 33 in the order of the second water heat exchanger 12 and the second pump 28. Hot water is supplied from the hot water supply port 26 of the hot water storage circuit 53 to the side of the bath additional cooking circuit 54 through the on-off valve 27.
[0026]
In the description of the present invention, water includes cold water and hot water, the cold water is in a state before becoming hot water, and the hot water is in a state where the cold water is heated (also referred to as hot water).
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 1, the operation control means 55 includes a compressor 1, a pressure reducing device 5, a first pump 22, a switching valve 19, a flow rate adjusting valve 23, a bypass valve 20, a second pump 28, and on-off valves 21 and 27. It controls the operation.
[0028]
The heat pump type water heater is provided with a temperature sensor that detects the state of the water heater. On the hot water supply circuit 52 side, the hot water supply pipes 34 before and after the flow rate adjustment valve 23, the water pipe between the first water heat exchanger 11 and the switching valve 19, the water supply pipe 16 on the outlet side of the pressure reducing valve 17, the second pump Each of the 28 outlet water pipes is provided with a temperature sensor, and a detection signal is input to the operation control means 55. Further, an outside air temperature sensor for detecting the outside air temperature is provided on the heat pump circuit 51 side, and a detection signal is input to the operation control means 55. The operation control means 55 controls each device based on these signals.
[0029]
The hot water storage circuit 53 is configured so that the hot water storage tank 18, the bypass valve 20, the flow rate adjustment valve 23, the first pump 22, the on-off valve 21, the first water heat exchanger 11, the switching valve 19, and the hot water storage valve 18 are switched. A hot water storage circuit that circulates water in this order and stores the hot water in the hot water storage tank 18, a first hot water supply circuit that supplies hot water from the hot water storage tank 18 through the switching valve 19, the flow rate adjusting valve 23, and the first pump while receiving water from the water supply source, Connected via a water pipe so as to form a second hot water supply circuit for supplying hot water from the first water heat exchanger 11 through the switching valve 19, the flow rate adjusting valve 23 and the first pump 22 while receiving water from the water source. ing.
[0030]
The hot water storage circuit 53 supplies hot water by connecting the water supply pipe 16 to a water supply source and supplies hot water by connecting the hot water supply pipe 34 to the faucet 31 and the shower 32 which are used terminals.
[0031]
The water supply pipe 16 is provided with a pressure reducing valve 17 and a flow meter 25 on the inlet side. The water supply pipe 16 is branched into three on the outlet side of the pressure reducing valve 17. The branched pipes are connected directly to the hot water storage tank 18, to the first water heat exchanger 11 via the check valve 24, and to the flow rate adjustment valve 23 via the bypass valve 20. The bypass valve 20 and the flow rate adjusting valve 23 are for adjusting the hot water supply temperature to the target set temperature.
[0032]
The check valve 24 circulates water only in one direction due to a pressure difference, and is configured to guide the cold water of the water supply source to the first water heat exchanger when configuring the second hot water supply circuit.
[0033]
The switching valve 19 is connected to the outlet side of the first water heat exchanger 11 in the first hot water supply circuit, the outlet side of the hot water storage tank 18 in the second hot water supply circuit, and the first water heat exchanger 11 and the hot water storage tank 18 in the hot water storage circuit. It is located in between.
[0034]
The flow rate adjusting valve 23 is provided on the outlet side of the hot water supply pipe 34 and is provided for adjusting the flow rate and supplying hot water at a predetermined temperature. The bypass valve 20 is connected between the water supply pipe 16 and the hot water supply pipe 34 so that the cold water of the water supply source bypasses the hot water storage tank 18 and the first water heat exchanger 11 and is led directly to the inlet side of the flow rate adjusting valve 23. Yes. By introducing cold water from the bypass valve 20 to the inlet side of the flow rate adjustment valve 23, the hot water supply temperature can be adjusted while ensuring the hot water supply flow rate.
[0035]
The hot water storage tank 18 is constituted by a small tank having a cylindrical shape which is formed vertically. The hot water storage tank 18 is a small hot water storage tank that is about one third of the conventional hot water storage tank. Around the hot water storage tank 18, the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2 shown in FIGS. The water-refrigerant heat exchanger 2 is formed in a spiral shape so that the first water heat exchanger 11 and the second water heat exchanger 12 are alternately arranged between the condensers 3, and is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole. Has been. The condenser 3, the 1st water heat exchanger 11, and the 2nd water heat exchanger 12 are formed in flat shape, The flat part is contacting thermally and it is integrally formed.
[0036]
In such a configuration, the heat pump water heater of the present embodiment uses the heat pump circuit 51 that is said to be 300 to 500% better in energy efficiency than the electric water heater, and is fired by the first water heat exchanger 11. While supplying the hot water directly to the use terminal, the hot water in the bathtub 33 is to be additionally cooked by the second water heat exchanger 12.
[0037]
Next, operation | movement of this heat pump type hot water heater is demonstrated.
[0038]
The heat pump type hot water heater 50 is transported from a manufacturing site, installed at an installation location desired by the user, and supplied with water from a water supply source (for example, water supply) when connected to a power source. The supplied water is depressurized and adjusted to a constant pressure by the pressure reducing valve 17 and is filled in the hot water storage tank 18, the first water heat exchanger 11 and each water pipe, and the hot water storage circuit 53 is filled. The flow rate adjustment valve 22 and the bypass valve 20 at the time of installation of the heat pump water heater 50 are in a closed state.
[0039]
When the power switch is turned on and the operation control means 55 operates, the operation of the heat pump circuit 51 and the hot water storage circuit 53 is started, and the hot water storage operation is performed. In this hot water storage operation, the compressor 1 is operated, and the gaseous refrigerant in the compressor 1 is heated and compressed to be fed into the condenser 3 as a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant. Thereby, in the water refrigerant heat exchanger 2, the high-temperature refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit of the condenser 3 and the water flowing in the water circuit of the first water heat exchanger 11 exchange heat, the refrigerant is radiated, and the water is heated. The The radiated refrigerant is depressurized by the decompression device 5 and further expanded and evaporated by the evaporator 6 to become a gaseous state and return to the compressor 1 again. By continuing this heat pump operation repeatedly, the water passing through the first water heat exchanger 11 is heated.
[0040]
In the hot water storage operation, the first pump 22 is operated, and the water in the hot water storage tank 18 is transferred to the hot water storage tank 18, the bypass valve 20, the flow rate adjustment valve 23, the first pump 22, the on-off valve 21, and the first water heat exchanger 11. The switching valve 19, the hot water storage valve 18, and the hot water storage tank 18 are circulated in this order. Thereby, the hot water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 2 is stored from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 18, and the operation is stopped in a state where the entire hot water storage tank 18 is boiled.
[0041]
When hot water is used at the use terminals 31, 32, water is supplied to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 18, and the hot water stored in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 18 by the supply water pressure passes through the switching valve 19 and the hot water supply pipe. 34 and supplied to the use terminals 31 and 32 through the flow rate adjusting valve 23 and the first pump 22. That is, tank hot water supply is performed by configuring the first hot water supply circuit. Here, when the feed water pressure is low, the first pump is operated to obtain sufficient hot water supply.
[0042]
When the hot water supply of the use terminals 31 and 32 is started, the operation control means 55 transmits a control signal to start the compressor 1 and start the operation of the heat pump circuit 51. As a result, the heat pump circuit 51 feeds the refrigerant into the condenser 3 and heats a small amount of water accumulated in the first water heat exchanger 11. And since the quantity of the refrigerant | coolant sent in to the condenser 3 increases with progress of time, the heat of condensation generated according to it increases and the temperature of the small amount of water which has accumulated in the 1st water heat exchanger 11 Will rise rapidly.
[0043]
Then, after performing tank hot water supply for supplying hot water from the hot water storage tank 18 for a predetermined time (for example, several minutes) immediately after the start of operation, the operation control means 55 operates to change from the tank hot water supply by the first hot water supply circuit to the second hot water supply circuit. It is switched to heating hot water supply by. That is, the second hot water supply circuit heats the cold water from the water supply source through the first water heat exchanger 11 and supplies it to the use terminals 31 and 32 through the switching valve 19 and the flow rate adjustment valve 23.
[0044]
Thus, when hot water supply is started from the use terminals 31 and 32, hot water is transiently supplied from the hot water storage tank 18 and then hot water is supplied from the water heater 11, so hot water supply due to a heating delay at the start of heat pump operation. The delay can be eliminated and the capacity of the hot water storage tank 18 can be remarkably reduced as compared with the conventional example. Moreover, by setting the temperature of the hot water from the water heater 11 lower than the temperature of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 18, it is possible to supply hot water in a state where the efficiency of the heat pump circuit is even better. In addition, by raising the temperature of the water stored in the water heater 11 as fast as possible and shortening the time to use the transient hot water supply circuit using the hot water storage tank 18, the capacity of the hot water storage tank 18 is further reduced. Therefore, it is desirable to increase the capacity of the heat pump circuit 10, particularly the compressor output, to about 15 KW (more preferably about 20 KW, 5 times or more), which is about 3 times higher than the conventionally used 5 KW.
[0045]
Further, when hot water is simultaneously discharged from the faucet 31 and the shower 32 of the use terminal, the same amount of water is simultaneously supplied from the water supply source, so that the hot water storage tank 18 and the hot water supply circuit 52 are always full. Further, when the amount of hot water supply in this simultaneous hot water supply is extremely large, the valve body of the switching valve 19 is moved to the intermediate position to use hot water from the hot water storage tank 18 in addition to hot water from the first water heat exchanger 11. It can be done. However, this combined operation is continued until there is no hot water remaining in the hot water storage tank 18.
[0046]
When the hot water supply is not used at the use terminals 31 and 32, the hot water storage operation is switched to the hot water storage circuit. In this hot water storage operation, when hot water supply is stopped, the bypass valve 20 is opened, the mixing valve 19 is opened so that the outlet of the water heater 11 and the outlet of the hot water storage tank 18 are open, the flow rate adjustment valve 23 is fully opened, and the open / close valve From the open state 21, the heat pump circuit is operated and at the same time the pump 22 is operated. Since this hot water storage operation performs the same operation as the hot water storage operation described above, a description thereof will not be repeated here.
[0047]
During this hot water storage operation, whether or not hot water is used at the use terminals 31 and 32 is determined. If hot water use is started, the hot water supply operation is switched to the first hot water supply circuit. If there is no new hot water supply, the hot water storage operation is continued. It is determined whether the temperature of the hot water storage tank 18 has reached a predetermined temperature. If it is determined that the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature, the hot water storage operation is continued. If the temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the operation is terminated by the operation control means 55.
[0048]
Next, tank tracking will be described. When the hot water in the hot water storage tank 18 is not used for a long time and falls below a predetermined temperature, this is automatically detected and the heat pump operation and the first pump 22 operation are started. Thus, the hot water storage operation is performed until the water temperature in the hot water storage tank 18 reaches a predetermined temperature in the hot water storage circuit of the hot water storage tank 18, the first pump 22, the first water heat exchanger 11, the switching valve 19, and the hot water storage tank 18.
[0049]
Similarly, when the hot water in the bathtub 33 is not used for a long period of time, the bath reheating automatically detects when the temperature falls below a predetermined temperature and starts the heat pump operation. The second pump 28 causes the bathtub 33, the second pump 28, The hot water storage operation is performed in the water circulation circuit of the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 2 and the bathtub 33 until the water temperature in the bathtub 33 reaches a predetermined temperature.
[0050]
According to the present embodiment, since the first pump 22 is positioned on the outlet side of the water heat exchanger 11 when hot water is supplied by the second hot water supply circuit, the first pump can be used even when the hot water supply pressure is low during hot water supply by the second hot water supply circuit. By operating 22, the hot water supply pressure can be increased, whereby sufficient hot water supply can be performed. In addition, since the first pump 22 is also used as a circulation pump of the hot water storage circuit, the hot water pressure can be increased while suppressing an increase in cost.
[0051]
In addition, hot water is supplementarily supplied to the use terminals 31 and 32 using hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 18 only during the transition period when the operation of the heat pump circuit 51 is started, so that the heat pump circuit 51 is stabilized. Sometimes the hot water pumped up by the first water heat exchanger 11 can be directly supplied to the use terminals 31 and 32, so that the hot water storage tank 18 can be remarkably reduced and hot water can be supplied without running out of hot water. it can. By using the small-capacity hot water storage tank 18, transportation costs and the like can be reduced. Furthermore, it does not require a large installation space to install a heat pump water heater, and its mass is light, so it does not require particularly strong ground or foundation work and can be installed on the verandas of apartments and apartments. .
[0052]
Further, since the small-capacity hot water storage tank 18 is incorporated in the heat pump water heater main body together with the heat pump circuit 51 and the like, it is only necessary to transport and install one heat pump water heater main body. Can be reduced, and a large installation space is not required to install a heat pump water heater, and the mass is light, so there is no need for particularly strong ground or foundation work. It becomes possible to install in etc.
[0053]
Moreover, since the hot water storage tank 18 can be made small, the heat radiation from the hot water storage tank 18 can be reduced, and heat energy can be utilized without waste. Furthermore, by making the hot water storage tank 18 small, the entire hot water storage tank 18 around which the water heat exchanger 2 is wound can be covered with a small heat insulating material 29, and the hot water heated by the heat pump circuit 10 is less likely to be caught. Heat energy can be used without waste.
[0054]
Next, a heat pump type water heater according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the bath additional cooking circuit 54 is eliminated, and the other points are basically the same as the first embodiment. This second embodiment also has the same effect in the configuration common to the first embodiment.
[0055]
Next, a heat pump type water heater according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the third embodiment, the first pump 22 is disposed between the first water heat exchanger 11 and the switching valve 19, the check valve 24 is deleted, and the on-off valve 21 and its water pipe are deleted. This is different from the first embodiment, and the other points are basically the same as those of the first embodiment. This third embodiment also has the same effect as the configuration common to the first embodiment, and in this third embodiment, the check valve 24 and the on-off valve 21 can be dispensed with and inexpensive. be able to.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, there is obtained a heat pump type hot water heater that is small and lightweight, excellent in transportability and installation property, excellent in energy efficiency without causing hot water shortage, and capable of increasing the hot water pressure while suppressing cost increase as much as possible. be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump type water heater according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a water heat exchanger used in the heat pump type water heater of FIG.
3 is a plan view of the water heat exchanger of FIG. 2. FIG.
4 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the water heat exchanger of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump type water heater according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump type water heater according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a conventional heat pump type water heater.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Compressor, 2 ... Water heat exchanger, 3 ... Condenser, 5 ... Decompression device, 6 ... Evaporator, 7 ... Accumulator, 9 ... Blower, 11 ... 1st water heat exchanger, 12 ... 2nd water heat Exchanger, 16 ... water supply pipe, 17 ... pressure reducing valve, 18 ... hot water storage tank, 19 ... mixing valve, 20 ... bypass valve, 21 ... open / close valve, 22 ... first pump, 23 ... flow control valve, 24 ... check valve , 27 ... Open / close valve, 28 ... Second pump, 29 ... Circulation pump, 31 ... Faucet, 32 ... Shower, 33 ... Bath tub, 34 ... Hot water supply pipe, 50 ... Heat pump hot water heater, 51 ... Heat pump circuit, 52 ... Hot water supply circuit, 53... Hot water storage circuit, 54.

Claims

A heat pump circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducing device, and an evaporator for exchanging heat with outside air are sequentially connected via a refrigerant pipe;
A hot water storage tank, a pump, a water heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the condenser, a hot water storage circuit in which a switching valve is connected via a water pipe,
An operation control means for controlling the operation of the compressor, the pump, and the switching valve;
The hot water storage circuit includes: a hot water storage circuit that circulates water through the hot water storage tank, the pump, and the water heat exchanger to store hot water in the hot water storage tank; a first hot water supply circuit that supplies hot water from the hot water storage tank to a use terminal; Switch to the second hot water supply circuit that supplies hot water from the water heat exchanger to the terminal in use,
The pump is located on the outlet side of the water heat exchanger when hot water is supplied by the second hot water supply circuit, and is also used as a pump for circulation when hot water is stored by the hot water storage circuit.

A heat pump circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducing device, and an evaporator for exchanging heat with outside air are sequentially connected via a refrigerant pipe;
A hot water storage tank, a pump, a water heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the condenser, a switching valve, and a flow rate adjusting valve connected via a water pipe;
An operation control means for controlling operations of the compressor, the pump, the switching valve, and the flow rate adjusting valve;
The hot water storage circuit circulates water in the hot water storage tank in the order of the hot water storage tank, a flow rate adjusting valve, the pump, the water heat exchanger, the switching valve, and the hot water storage tank under the control of the operation control means. A hot water storage circuit for storing hot water in a hot water storage tank, a first hot water supply circuit for supplying hot water from the hot water storage tank through the switching valve, the flow rate adjusting valve, and the pump in this order, and heated by the water heat exchanger. The heat pump type hot water heater is formed by switching hot water from the water heat exchanger to a second hot water supply circuit for supplying hot water through the switching valve, the flow rate adjusting valve, and the pump in this order.

A check valve is provided in a water pipe between the hot water storage tank and the water heat exchanger, and water between the hot water storage tank and the check valve, the switching valve, and the flow rate adjusting valve. Connect the pipe with a water pipe provided with a bypass valve, and connect the water pipe between the check valve and the water heat exchanger and the water pipe on the discharge side of the pump with a water pipe provided with an open / close valve. The heat pump type water heater according to claim 2, wherein

The heat pump type hot water heater according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the condenser and the water heat exchanger are formed in a cylindrical shape by being in thermal contact and spirally wound.

A heat pump circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducing device, and an evaporator for exchanging heat with outside air are sequentially connected via a refrigerant pipe;
A hot water storage tank, a pump, a water heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the condenser, a switching valve, and a flow rate adjusting valve connected via a water pipe;
An operation control means for controlling operations of the compressor, the pump, the switching valve, and the flow rate adjusting valve;
The hot water storage circuit circulates water in the hot water storage tank in the order of the hot water storage tank, the pump, the water heat exchanger, the switching valve, and the hot water storage tank under the control of the operation control means to store hot water in the hot water storage tank. A hot water storage circuit, a first hot water supply circuit for supplying hot water from the hot water storage tank to the use terminal through the switching valve and the flow rate adjusting valve in this order, and hot water heated by the water heat exchanger A heat pump type hot water supply apparatus, wherein a water hot water supply circuit is switched to a second hot water supply circuit for supplying hot water to a use terminal through the switching valve and the flow rate adjusting valve in this order.

A heat pump circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, a pressure reducing device, and an evaporator for exchanging heat with outside air are sequentially connected via a refrigerant pipe;
A hot water storage tank, a first pump, a water heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the condenser, a switching valve, a second pump, and a second water heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the condenser via a water pipe When,
A second bath, a bath cooking circuit in which a second water heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the condenser is connected via a water pipe;
An operation control means for controlling the operation of the compressor, the first pump, the switching valve, and the second pump;
The hot water storage circuit is configured to circulate water through the hot water storage tank, the first pump, and the first water heat exchanger to store hot water in the hot water storage tank, and to supply hot water from the hot water storage tank. Configured to form a first hot water supply circuit and a second hot water supply circuit for supplying hot water from the first water heat exchanger,
The first pump is located on the outlet side of the water heat exchanger when hot water is supplied by the second hot water supply circuit, and also serves as a pump used for circulation when hot water is stored by the hot water storage circuit,
The bath additional cooking circuit connects the hot water of the bath to the second water heat exchanger and the second pump in this order for additional cooking, and the outlet side of the second hot water supply circuit is connected to the suction of the second pump. A heat pump water heater characterized by being connected to the side.