JP2004177115A - Heat pump water heater - Google Patents

Heat pump water heater Download PDF

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JP2004177115A
JP2004177115A JP2004044279A JP2004044279A JP2004177115A JP 2004177115 A JP2004177115 A JP 2004177115A JP 2004044279 A JP2004044279 A JP 2004044279A JP 2004044279 A JP2004044279 A JP 2004044279A JP 2004177115 A JP2004177115 A JP 2004177115A
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hot water
temperature
storage tank
water
signal
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Takeji Watanabe
竹司 渡辺
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stabilize the temperature of coming hot water even when selecting operation seeking hot water supplying load and economy, miniaturize a hot water storage tank and save energy. <P>SOLUTION: This heat pump water heater comprises a water circuit connected with a water heat exchanger 13 for heat exchange between a condenser 2 in a cooling medium circuit and itself while circulating hot water from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 5 to the upper part thereof and a mixing valve 17 for mixing the hot water taken out of the upper part of the hot water storage tank 5 with running water to selectively control the temperature of the hot water. When a hot water amount detecting means 35 detects that the remaining amount of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 5 is a preset value or smaller, a compressor 1 in a cooling medium circuit is operated for highly efficient reheating by a heat pump. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

本発明はヒートポンプ給湯機に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a heat pump water heater.

従来のヒートポンプ給湯機の第1の従来例として図13に示すものがあり、すなわち、圧縮機1、凝縮器2、減圧装置3、蒸発器4からなる冷媒回路と、貯湯槽5、循環ポンプ6、上記凝縮器2との間で熱交換を行う熱交換部を接続した給湯回路と、貯湯槽1内の上部に設けたヒータ7と、貯湯槽5の上部および中央部とから各々接続された湯水制御装置8、電動開閉弁9とからなり、上記圧縮機1によるヒートポンプ運転で貯湯槽5内部全体を低温湯に沸き上げ、さらに深夜電力を利用して、ヒータ7にて貯湯槽5上部を高温湯に加熱する。   A first conventional example of a conventional heat pump water heater is shown in FIG. 13, that is, a refrigerant circuit including a compressor 1, a condenser 2, a pressure reducing device 3, and an evaporator 4, a hot water tank 5, a circulation pump 6 A hot water supply circuit to which a heat exchange section for exchanging heat with the condenser 2 is connected; a heater 7 provided at an upper portion in the hot water storage tank 1; and an upper portion and a central portion of the hot water storage tank 5. A hot water control device 8 and an electric opening / closing valve 9 are used. The whole inside of the hot water storage tank 5 is heated to low-temperature hot water by the heat pump operation by the compressor 1, and the upper part of the hot water storage tank 5 is heated by the heater 7 at midnight. Heat to hot water.

そして、通常は電動開閉弁9を閉じて低温湯を貯湯槽5の中央部から湯水制御装置8を介して利用し、高温湯が必要な場合には、電動開閉弁9を開成して高温熱を湯水制御装置8を介して利用するようにしている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   Normally, the electric on-off valve 9 is closed and the low-temperature hot water is used from the center of the hot water storage tank 5 via the hot water control device 8, and when high-temperature hot water is required, the electric on-off valve 9 is opened to open the high-temperature hot water. Is used via the hot and cold water control device 8 (for example, see Patent Document 1).

また、一般的な電気温水器を用いた第2の従来例として図14に記載のものがあり、貯湯槽5の出口に湯水制御装置8を設け、この貯湯槽5に内蔵されたヒータ10で沸き上げた高温湯と減圧弁11からの給水をこの湯水制御装置8により適温に混合した後浴槽に注湯するようにしている(例えば、特許文献2参照)。
特開平1−225838号公報 特開平4−6345号公報
FIG. 14 shows a second conventional example using a general electric water heater. A hot water controller 8 is provided at the outlet of the hot water tank 5 and a heater 10 built in the hot water tank 5 is used. The hot water and the water supplied from the pressure reducing valve 11 are mixed at an appropriate temperature by the hot water controller 8 and then poured into a bathtub (for example, see Patent Document 2).
JP-A 1-225838 JP-A-4-6345

しかしながら、上記第1の従来例では、高温湯を出湯した場合に、その出湯停止後には端末(蛇口)までの配管内に高温湯が残り、時間経過とともに配管から放熱し、温度低下する。   However, in the first conventional example, when hot water is discharged, the hot water remains in the pipe up to the terminal (faucet) after the hot water is stopped, and the hot water is radiated from the pipe as time passes to lower the temperature.

すなわち、放熱損失が生じるため、その放熱量を余分に沸き上げる必要がある。また、端末で高温湯と市水を混合して適温にする際に、温度調整に手間どり、高温湯をムダに消費する。   That is, since heat radiation loss occurs, it is necessary to increase the heat radiation amount. In addition, when the terminal mixes high-temperature hot water and city water to obtain an appropriate temperature, it takes time to adjust the temperature and wastes the high-temperature water.

従って、貯湯槽容量が大きくなるとともに沸き上げるのに必要なエネルギーも増加する。よって、設置スペース、省エネルギー、出湯時の利便性の点で課題を有していた。   Therefore, as the capacity of the hot water tank increases, the energy required for boiling increases. Therefore, there were problems in terms of installation space, energy saving, and convenience when tapping.

また、第2の従来例では、ヒータ10で貯湯槽5全体の水を均一温湯に沸き上げ、貯湯するため、少湯量の給湯負荷に対し貯湯槽5からの放熱が大きくなり、無駄なエネルギー消費となる。   Further, in the second conventional example, since the water in the entire hot water storage tank 5 is heated to uniform hot water by the heater 10, and the hot water is stored, heat radiation from the hot water storage tank 5 becomes large with respect to a small amount of hot water supply load, resulting in wasteful energy consumption. It becomes.

本発明は、このような従来の課題を解決するもので、貯湯槽の小型化と省エネルギー化をはかることを目的とする。   The present invention solves such a conventional problem, and has an object to reduce the size of a hot water tank and save energy.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明は、圧縮機を有する冷媒循環回路と、貯湯槽の湯水循環用に配置され、途中に前記冷媒循環回路との間で熱交換を行う水熱交換器を接続した水循環路と、前記水循環路に貯湯槽の下部から上部へ湯水を強制循環させ、水熱交換器で加熱された湯水を貯湯槽の上方から温度成層的に貯湯するための循環ポンプと、前記貯湯槽に貯えられている湯水の上下方向の温度分布により残湯量を検知する湯量検知手段と、前記貯湯槽の上部から取り出す湯と水道水を混合して任意の湯温調整をおこなうミキシングバルブとを具備し、貯湯槽の残湯量が所定値まで減少したことを前記湯量検知手段が検知したとき、冷媒循環回路の圧縮機を駆動させて追い炊きを行うようにしたものである。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a refrigerant circulation circuit having a compressor, a water heat exchanger disposed for hot water circulation of a hot water storage tank and performing heat exchange between the refrigerant circulation circuit on the way. A connected water circulation path, a circulation pump for forcibly circulating the hot water from the lower part of the hot water tank to the upper part of the hot water tank in the water circulation path, and storing the hot water heated by the water heat exchanger in a temperature stratified manner from above the hot water tank, A hot water level detecting means for detecting a remaining hot water level by a vertical temperature distribution of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank, and a mixing valve for performing optional hot water temperature adjustment by mixing hot water taken out from an upper part of the hot water storage tank and tap water. And when the hot water level detecting means detects that the remaining hot water level in the hot water storage tank has decreased to a predetermined value, the compressor of the refrigerant circuit is driven to perform additional cooking.

したがって、貯湯槽の残湯量に応じて合理的な沸き上げができるものである。   Therefore, it is possible to perform rational boiling according to the amount of remaining hot water in the hot water storage tank.

以上の説明から明らかなように本発明のヒートポンプ給湯機によれば、給湯負荷および経済性を追求した運転を選択しても安定した出湯温度が得られるとともに、端末機器までの配管系の熱損失を少なくして貯湯槽の小型化および省エネルギー化が図れるものである。また、貯湯槽の残湯量に応じて合理的な沸き上げができるので、さらなる省エネルギー化を促進できるものである。   As is clear from the above description, according to the heat pump water heater of the present invention, a stable tap water temperature can be obtained even when the operation pursuing the hot water supply load and economy is selected, and the heat loss of the piping system to the terminal equipment is obtained. Therefore, the size of the hot water storage tank can be reduced and energy saving can be achieved. In addition, since it is possible to rationally boil the water according to the amount of remaining hot water in the hot water storage tank, it is possible to promote further energy saving.

本発明の実施の形態は、圧縮機を有する冷媒循環回路と、貯湯槽の湯水循環用に配置され、途中に前記冷媒循環回路との間で熱交換を行う水熱交換器を接続した水循環路と、前記水循環路に貯湯槽の下部から上部へ湯水を強制循環させ、水熱交換器で加熱された湯水を貯湯槽の上方から温度成層的に貯湯するための循環ポンプと、前記貯湯槽に貯えられている湯水の上下方向の温度分布により残湯量を検知する湯量検知手段と、前記貯湯槽の上部から取り出す湯と水道水を混合して任意の湯温調整をおこなうミキシングバルブとを具備し、貯湯槽の残湯量が所定値まで減少したことを前記湯量検知手段が検知したとき、冷媒循環回路の圧縮機を駆動させ、追い焚きを行うようにしたした。   An embodiment of the present invention is directed to a water circulation circuit having a refrigerant circulation circuit having a compressor and a water heat exchanger arranged for hot water circulation of a hot water storage tank and performing heat exchange with the refrigerant circulation circuit on the way. A circulating pump for forcibly circulating hot water from the lower part of the hot water tank to the upper part of the hot water tank in the water circulation path, and for storing the hot water heated by the water heat exchanger from the upper part of the hot water tank in a temperature stratified manner; A hot water level detecting means for detecting a remaining hot water level based on a vertical temperature distribution of stored hot water, and a mixing valve for adjusting a desired hot water temperature by mixing hot water taken out from an upper part of the hot water storage tank and tap water. When the hot water level detecting means detects that the remaining hot water level in the hot water storage tank has decreased to a predetermined value, the compressor of the refrigerant circuit is driven to perform reheating.

したがって、給湯負荷および経済性を追求した運転を選択しても安定した出湯温度が得られるとともに、端末機器までの配管系の熱損失を少なくして貯湯槽の小型化および省エネルギー化が図れるものである。   Therefore, even if the operation pursuing the hot water supply load and economy is selected, a stable tapping temperature can be obtained, and the heat loss of the piping system to the terminal device can be reduced to reduce the size of the hot water tank and save energy. is there.

また貯湯槽の残湯量に応じて高効率のヒートポンプ追い焚きを行うようにしているので、確実な給湯と省電力化が実現できる。   In addition, since high-efficiency heat pump reheating is performed according to the amount of remaining hot water in the hot water tank, reliable hot water supply and power saving can be realized.

以下、本発明の実施例を図面を参照しながら説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(実施例1)
図1において、1は圧縮機、2は凝縮器、3は減圧装置、4は蒸発器であり、前記圧縮機1、凝縮器2、減圧装置3、蒸発器4は順次接続され、冷媒循環回路を構成する。
(Example 1)
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a compressor, 2 denotes a condenser, 3 denotes a decompression device, and 4 denotes an evaporator. The compressor 1, the condenser 2, the decompression device 3, and the evaporator 4 are connected in order, and a refrigerant circulation circuit is provided. Is composed.

5は貯湯槽、12はこの前記貯湯槽5の下部の湯水を同上部へ強制循環させるための循環ポンプ、13は水熱交換器であり、前記凝縮器2と熱交換をおこなう。   5 is a hot water storage tank, 12 is a circulation pump for forcibly circulating the hot water under the hot water storage tank 5 to the upper part, 13 is a water heat exchanger, and exchanges heat with the condenser 2.

そして、循環ポンプ12および水熱交換器13は貯湯槽5の下部と上部を連通する水循環路を構成する。14は温度検知器であり、水熱交換器13の出口に設けられ、媒体温度を検出して信号を発する。15は湯温設定手段であり、沸き上げ湯温を設定し、複数の信号を有する。   The circulation pump 12 and the water heat exchanger 13 form a water circulation path that connects the lower part and the upper part of the hot water storage tank 5. Reference numeral 14 denotes a temperature detector, which is provided at the outlet of the water heat exchanger 13 and detects a medium temperature to generate a signal. Reference numeral 15 denotes hot water temperature setting means for setting the boiling hot water temperature and having a plurality of signals.

16は回転数制御器であり、前記温度検知器14の信号が湯温設定手段15の信号に一致するように循環ポンプ12の回転数を制御する。17はミキシングバルブであり、貯湯槽5の上部から取り出す湯と減圧弁11で減圧されて貯湯槽5の下部に給水される水を混合し、任意に湯温調整する。   Reference numeral 16 denotes a rotation speed controller which controls the rotation speed of the circulation pump 12 so that the signal of the temperature detector 14 matches the signal of the hot water temperature setting means 15. A mixing valve 17 mixes hot water taken out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 5 with water depressurized by the pressure reducing valve 11 and supplied to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 5 to arbitrarily adjust the hot water temperature.

つぎに、上記構成において動作を説明する。給湯負荷が多い場合には、湯温設定手段15により高温湯の沸き上げ設定をおこない、給湯負荷が少ない場合には中温水の沸き上げ設定をおこなう。そして、圧縮機1から吐出された高温高圧の過熱ガスは凝縮器2に流入し、ここで循環ポンプ12から送られ水熱交換器13に流入した水を加熱する。その際に、放熱作用で凝縮液化して減圧装置3に流入し、ここで減圧されて蒸発器4に流入する。   Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. When the hot water supply load is large, the hot water temperature setting means 15 sets the boiling of the high-temperature hot water, and when the hot water supply load is small, the medium hot water is set for the boiling. Then, the high-temperature and high-pressure superheated gas discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the condenser 2, where it heats the water sent from the circulation pump 12 and flowing into the water heat exchanger 13. At that time, it is condensed and liquefied by the heat radiation action and flows into the pressure reducing device 3, where the pressure is reduced and flows into the evaporator 4.

そして、大気熱を吸熱して蒸発ガス化し、圧縮機1にもどる。一方、貯湯槽5の下部から流出した水は循環ポンプ12を介して水熱交換器13に流入し、冷媒の凝縮熱で加熱され、貯湯槽5の上部にたくわえられる。この運転を繰り返しながら前記貯湯槽5内の上部からしだいに全体を貯湯する。   Then, it absorbs atmospheric heat to evaporate and return to the compressor 1. On the other hand, the water flowing out from the lower part of the hot water tank 5 flows into the water heat exchanger 13 via the circulation pump 12, is heated by the heat of condensation of the refrigerant, and is stored in the upper part of the hot water tank 5. By repeating this operation, the whole hot water is gradually stored from above in the hot water storage tank 5.

この場合に、ヒートポンプで沸き上げた前日の中温水の残湯があるところへ、高温湯の沸き上げ運転をおこなうと、前日の中温水の残湯の上部に高温湯が貯湯される。すなわち、貯湯槽5内には異なる温度の湯層が貯湯される。つまり、温度成層型の貯湯がなされるものである。   In this case, when the high-temperature hot water boiling operation is performed in a place where the remaining hot water of the previous day has been heated by the heat pump, the high-temperature hot water is stored above the remaining hot water of the previous day. That is, hot water layers having different temperatures are stored in the hot water storage tank 5. In other words, a temperature stratified type hot water is stored.

そして、貯湯槽5から出湯される場合に、ミキシングバルブ17は貯湯槽5の上部高温湯と水道水を混合し、端末で使われる湯温に下げて端末機器へ送るため、端末での出湯温度は安定している。   When the hot water is to be discharged from the hot water storage tank 5, the mixing valve 17 mixes the high-temperature hot water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 5 with the tap water, lowers the hot water temperature used in the terminal and sends it to the terminal equipment. Is stable.

よって、残湯温度と沸き上げ温度が異なっても給湯負荷および経済性を追求した運転を選択することができる。また、端末機器までの配管系の熱損失が少なくなるため、貯湯槽の小型化および省エネルギー化がはかれる。そして、端末での湯温調整も不要となり利便性も向上する。   Therefore, even if the remaining hot water temperature and the boiling temperature are different, it is possible to select an operation pursuing hot water supply load and economy. In addition, since heat loss in the piping system to the terminal device is reduced, the size of the hot water storage tank is reduced and energy saving is achieved. Further, it is not necessary to adjust the hot water temperature at the terminal, and the convenience is improved.

(実施例2)
図2において、実施例1と同じ構成、動作するものについては、同一符号とし、説明を省略する。18は湯量検知手段であり、貯湯槽5の上下方向に複数設けられ、同貯湯槽内の湯の上下方向の温度分布を検出して残湯量の状態にもとづく信号を発する。19は制御器であり、湯量検知手段18の信号に基づき、湯温設定手段15の温度設定をおこなうものである。
(Example 2)
In FIG. 2, components having the same configuration and operation as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. Numeral 18 denotes hot water amount detecting means, which is provided in a plurality of numbers in the vertical direction of the hot water storage tank 5 and detects a vertical temperature distribution of hot water in the hot water storage tank and issues a signal based on a state of the remaining hot water amount. Reference numeral 19 denotes a controller which sets the temperature of the hot water temperature setting means 15 based on a signal from the hot water quantity detecting means 18.

上記構成において動作を説明する。沸き上げ運転の開始直前に制御器19は貯湯槽5内に設けた複数の湯量検知手段18の残湯量状態検出信号から湯温設定手段15の設定温度を設定する。   The operation of the above configuration will be described. Immediately before the start of the boiling operation, the controller 19 sets the set temperature of the hot water setting means 15 from the remaining hot water state detection signals of the plurality of hot water detecting means 18 provided in the hot water tank 5.

すなわち、運転開始直前の残湯量が前日の残湯量より多い場合には、給湯負荷が小さいと見做し、湯温設定手段15の温度設定を低くする。逆に、残湯量が少ない場合には、温度設定を高くする。   That is, when the remaining hot water amount immediately before the start of operation is larger than the previous day's remaining hot water amount, it is considered that the hot water supply load is small, and the temperature setting of the hot water temperature setting means 15 is lowered. Conversely, when the amount of remaining hot water is small, the temperature setting is increased.

制御器19による湯温設定手段15の設定温度の制御は当初の湯温設定手段15で設定されている温度を変更することにより行う(例えば、65℃の温度設定を50℃に変更する)場合や、湯量検出手段18により検知された湯量に基づいて自動的に湯温設定手段15の設定温度を決定する場合でもよい。   The control of the set temperature of the hot water temperature setting means 15 by the controller 19 is performed by changing the temperature set by the initial hot water temperature setting means 15 (for example, changing the temperature setting of 65 ° C. to 50 ° C.). Alternatively, the setting temperature of the hot water setting means 15 may be automatically determined based on the hot water amount detected by the hot water amount detecting means 18.

そして、沸き上げ運転を開始し、温度検知器14の信号が湯温設定手段15の信号と一致するように回転数制御器16が循環ポンプ12の回転数を制御して設定温度に沸き上げる。その後、ミキシングバルブ17で適温に下げて端末機器へ送る。   Then, the boiling operation is started, and the rotation speed controller 16 controls the rotation speed of the circulating pump 12 so that the signal from the temperature detector 14 coincides with the signal from the hot water temperature setting means 15 to boil to the set temperature. Thereafter, the temperature is lowered to an appropriate temperature by the mixing valve 17 and sent to the terminal device.

従って、残湯温度と沸き上げ温度が異なっても端末での出湯温度は安定しているため、使用された給湯熱量に応じて、湯温設定を自動的におこなうことができる。   Therefore, even if the remaining hot water temperature and the boiling temperature are different, the hot water temperature at the terminal is stable, so that the hot water temperature can be automatically set according to the amount of hot water used.

(実施例3)
図3において、実施例1,2と同じ構成、動作するものについては、同一符号とし、説明を省略する。
(Example 3)
In FIG. 3, components having the same configuration and operation as those of the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

20は複数のミキシングバルブであり、各々は前記貯湯槽5から取り出す湯と同貯湯槽5下部に給水する水を混合して任意に湯温調整をおこなう。   Reference numeral 20 denotes a plurality of mixing valves, each of which mixes hot water taken out of the hot water storage tank 5 and water supplied to a lower portion of the hot water storage tank 5 to arbitrarily adjust the hot water temperature.

上記構成において動作を説明する。貯湯槽5内に沸き上げられた湯を出湯する際に、キッチンおよび風呂追い焚きなど、使用する湯温が異なる条件で同時におこなわれた場合、複数のミキシングバルブ20は端末からの要望に応じた湯温に調整し供給する。   The operation of the above configuration will be described. When the hot water heated in the hot water storage tank 5 is discharged at the same time under different conditions such as a kitchen and a bath reheating, a plurality of mixing valves 20 are provided according to a request from a terminal. Adjust to the hot water temperature and supply.

したがって、各端末で異なる湯温で出湯および出湯停止がおこなわれても出湯温度は安定するため、利便性が向上する。   Therefore, even if tapping and stopping of tapping are performed at different terminal temperatures at each terminal, the tapping temperature is stabilized, and convenience is improved.

(実施例4)
図4において、実施例1〜3と同じ構成、動作するものについては、同一符号とし、説明を省略する。
(Example 4)
In FIG. 4, components having the same configurations and operations as those of the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

21は出湯温度設定手段であり、端末の出湯温度を設定する。22は制御器であり、出湯時に前記出湯温度設定手段21よりも高温湯の信号からしだいに前記出湯温度設定手段21の信号に一致させる信号をミキシングバルブ17に発信する。   Reference numeral 21 denotes hot water temperature setting means for setting the hot water temperature of the terminal. Reference numeral 22 denotes a controller, which sends a signal to the mixing valve 17 to match the signal of the hot water temperature setting means 21 gradually from the hot water signal from the hot water temperature setting means 21 at the time of hot water supply.

上記構成において動作を説明する。出湯温度設定手段21により端末の出湯温度が設定される。そして、出湯直後は制御器22が出湯温設定手段21の信号より少し高温湯の信号を前記ミキシングバルブ17に発信し、その後、出湯温度設定手段21の信号に一致させる信号を発信する。従って、端末から出湯する湯温の立ち上げははやくなる。   The operation of the above configuration will be described. Hot water temperature setting means 21 sets the hot water temperature of the terminal. Immediately after the tapping, the controller 22 sends a signal of the hot water slightly higher than the signal of the tapping temperature setting means 21 to the mixing valve 17, and then sends a signal that matches the signal of the tapping temperature setting means 21. Therefore, the temperature of hot water to be discharged from the terminal is quickly increased.

(実施例5)
図5において、実施例1〜4と同じ構成、動作するものについては、同一符号とし、説明を省略する。
(Example 5)
In FIG. 5, components having the same configuration and operation as those of the first to fourth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

23は加熱器であり、水熱交換器13の下流に設けられている。24は湯量検知手段であり、貯湯槽5に複数設けられている。25は加熱制御器であり、湯量検知手段24の信号を受けて加熱器23を通電する。   A heater 23 is provided downstream of the water heat exchanger 13. Reference numeral 24 denotes hot water amount detecting means, which is provided in the hot water storage tank 5 in plurality. Reference numeral 25 denotes a heating controller, which energizes the heater 23 in response to a signal from the hot water amount detecting means 24.

26は時間積算手段であり、湯量検知手段24の信号を受けて加熱器23の通電時間を積算する。27は記憶手段であり、前回の時間積算手段26を記憶する。28は湯量比較手段であり、前回と運転開始直前の湯量検知手段24の信号を比較し、一定温度以上の湯量の変化量信号を発信する。29は運転時間制御手段であり、記憶手段27と湯量比較手段28から加熱器23の通電時間を設定するものである。   Reference numeral 26 denotes a time integrating means, which receives a signal from the hot water amount detecting means 24 and integrates the energizing time of the heater 23. 27 is a storage means for storing the previous time integrating means 26. Reference numeral 28 denotes a hot water amount comparing means, which compares the signal of the hot water amount detecting means 24 immediately before and immediately before the start of the operation, and transmits a change amount signal of the hot water amount exceeding a certain temperature. 29 is an operation time control means for setting the energization time of the heater 23 from the storage means 27 and the hot water amount comparison means 28.

上記構成において動作を説明する。沸き上げ運転の開始直前に湯量検知手段24は貯湯槽5内の残湯量を検出し、湯量比較手段28に信号を送る。そして、ここで前回の残湯量と今回の残湯量を比較し、運転時間制御手段29に信号を発信する。   The operation of the above configuration will be described. Immediately before the start of the boiling operation, the hot water amount detecting means 24 detects the remaining hot water amount in the hot water storage tank 5 and sends a signal to the hot water amount comparing means 28. Then, the last remaining hot water amount is compared with the current remaining hot water amount, and a signal is transmitted to the operation time control means 29.

また、記憶手段27は前回の加熱器23の通電時間の信号を運転時間制御手段29へ発信する。そして、運転時間制御手段29は記憶手段27と湯量比較手段28の信号から今回の沸き上げ運転時の加熱器23の通電時間を設定する。   Further, the storage unit 27 transmits a signal of the previous energization time of the heater 23 to the operation time control unit 29. Then, the operating time control means 29 sets the energizing time of the heater 23 at the time of the current boiling operation from the signals of the storage means 27 and the hot water amount comparing means 28.

すなわち、前日と今日の残湯量を比較し、残湯量が多い場合には、加熱器23の通電時間を少なく設定する。逆に残湯量が少ない場合には、通電時間を多く設定する。そして、沸き上げ運転を開始し、圧縮機1を用いたヒートポンプで貯湯槽5の上部から順次、沸き上げた湯を貯湯する。   That is, the remaining hot water amount is compared with the previous day and today, and if the remaining hot water amount is large, the energization time of the heater 23 is set to be short. Conversely, if the amount of remaining hot water is small, the energization time is set longer. Then, the boiling operation is started, and the heated hot water is sequentially stored from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 5 by the heat pump using the compressor 1.

そして、湯量検知手段24の位置まで湯が貯湯されると、前記湯量検知手段24は加熱制御器25に信号を送り、加熱器23が通電開始される。   Then, when the hot water is stored up to the position of the hot water amount detecting means 24, the hot water amount detecting means 24 sends a signal to the heating controller 25, and the heater 23 is energized.

前記時間積算手段26が加熱器23の通電時間を積算し、運転時間制御手段29で設定された通電時間まで通電される。   The time accumulating means 26 accumulates the energizing time of the heater 23 and is energized until the energizing time set by the operating time control means 29.

前記貯湯槽5内には異なる温度の湯層で貯湯されるが、前記ミキシングバルブ17は貯湯槽5上部から取り出す湯と貯湯槽5下部に給水される水を混合し、端末で使われる湯温に下げて端末機器に送るため、安定した出湯温度が得られる。   The hot water is stored in the hot water tank 5 at different temperature layers. The mixing valve 17 mixes the hot water taken out from the upper part of the hot water tank 5 and the water supplied to the lower part of the hot water tank 5, and the hot water used in the terminal. And send it to the terminal equipment, so that a stable tapping temperature can be obtained.

また、使用湯量に応じて沸き上げ湯量を可変することができるため、消費電力が削減できる。   Further, since the amount of boiling water can be varied according to the amount of hot water used, power consumption can be reduced.

(実施例6)
図6において、実施例1〜5と同じ構成、動作するものについては、同一符号とし、説明を省略する。
(Example 6)
In FIG. 6, components having the same configuration and operation as those of the first to fifth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

30は追い焚き運転手段であり、手動で追い焚き運転を設定する。31は運転制御器であり、追い焚き運転手段30の信号を受けて圧縮機1および加熱器23の併用運転をおこなう。   Numeral 30 denotes reheating operation means for manually setting the reheating operation. An operation controller 31 performs a combined operation of the compressor 1 and the heater 23 in response to a signal from the reheating operation means 30.

上記構成において動作を説明する。緊急に多量の湯が必要となった場合に、追い焚き運転手段30の信号を受け、運転制御器31は圧縮機1および加熱器23を通電し、併用運転をおこなう。よって、高加熱能力で追い焚き運転ができる。   The operation of the above configuration will be described. When a large amount of hot water is urgently needed, the operation controller 31 receives a signal from the reheating operation means 30 and energizes the compressor 1 and the heater 23 to perform a combined operation. Therefore, the reheating operation can be performed with a high heating capacity.

また、貯湯槽5内の残湯温度と異なる温度で追い焚きをおこなっても、出湯時に、ミキシングバルブ17は端末で使われる湯温に下げて端末機器に送るようにしているので、沸き上げ時間の短縮化および出湯温度の安定化がはかれる。   Also, even if reheating is performed at a temperature different from the remaining hot water temperature in the hot water storage tank 5, the mixing valve 17 is lowered to the hot water temperature used at the terminal and sent to the terminal equipment at the time of tapping, so that the boiling time is increased. And stabilization of tapping temperature.

(実施例7)
図7において、実施例1〜6と同じ構成、動作するものについては、同一符号とし、説明を省略する。
(Example 7)
In FIG. 7, components having the same configurations and operations as those of the first to sixth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

32はミキシングバルブであり、貯湯槽5から取り出す湯と同貯湯槽5下部に給水する水を混合して任意に湯温調整をおこなうとともに、温度を検出して信号を発信する。   A mixing valve 32 mixes hot water taken out of the hot water storage tank 5 and water supplied to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 5, adjusts the hot water temperature arbitrarily, and transmits a signal by detecting the temperature.

33は運転制御器であり、ミキシングバルブ32の信号と出湯温度設定手段21の信号を比較し、圧縮機1および加熱器23を通電する。   An operation controller 33 compares a signal of the mixing valve 32 with a signal of the tapping temperature setting means 21 to energize the compressor 1 and the heater 23.

上記構成において動作を説明する。出湯が開始されると、ミキシングバルブ32が出湯温度を検出し、運転制御器33に信号を送る。   The operation of the above configuration will be described. When the tapping is started, the mixing valve 32 detects the tapping temperature and sends a signal to the operation controller 33.

前記運転制御器33はミキシングバルブ32の信号と出湯温度設定手段21の信号を比較する。   The operation controller 33 compares the signal of the mixing valve 32 with the signal of the tapping temperature setting means 21.

残湯量が少なくなって出湯温度が低下しはじめると、ミキシングバルブ32の信号は出湯温度設定手段21の信号よりも低温の信号を発信する。それを認識して運転制御器33は圧縮機1および加熱器23を通電し、併用運転をおこなう。   When the remaining hot water amount decreases and the hot water temperature starts to decrease, the signal of the mixing valve 32 transmits a signal lower in temperature than the signal of the hot water temperature setting means 21. Recognizing this, the operation controller 33 energizes the compressor 1 and the heater 23 to perform the combined operation.

よって、残湯量の低減を自動的に検出し、自動的に高加熱能力で追い焚き運転をおこなうため、利便性向上と湯切れを防止することができる。   Therefore, the reduction of the remaining hot water amount is automatically detected, and the reheating operation is automatically performed with a high heating capacity, so that it is possible to improve convenience and prevent running out of hot water.

(実施例8)
図8において、実施例1〜7と同じ構成、動作するものについては、同一符号とし、説明を省略する。
(Example 8)
In FIG. 8, components having the same configurations and operations as those of the first to seventh embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

34は制御器であり、ミキシングバルブ32の信号を検出して湯温設定手段15の信号を出湯温度設定手段21の信号と等しくなるように切り換える。   A controller 34 detects a signal from the mixing valve 32 and switches the signal of the hot water temperature setting means 15 to be equal to the signal of the hot water temperature setting means 21.

上記構成において、水熱交換器13の出口媒体温度を温度検知器14で検出し、その信号が湯温設定手段15の信号と一致するように回転数制御器16は循環ポンプ12の回転数を制御しながら追い焚き運転をおこなう。   In the above configuration, the outlet medium temperature of the water heat exchanger 13 is detected by the temperature detector 14, and the rotation speed controller 16 controls the rotation speed of the circulation pump 12 so that the signal thereof matches the signal of the hot water temperature setting means 15. Perform reheating operation while controlling.

そして、追い焚き運転中に出湯が開始されると、前記ミキシングバルブ32が出湯温度を検出し、制御器34に信号を送る。   When tapping is started during the reheating operation, the mixing valve 32 detects the tapping temperature and sends a signal to the controller 34.

ここで、制御器34はミキシングバルブ32の信号と出湯温度設定手段21の信号を比較する。そして、残湯量が少なくなって出湯温度が低下しはじめると、制御器34は湯温設定手段15の信号を出湯温度設定手段21の信号と一致するように切り換える。   Here, the controller 34 compares the signal of the mixing valve 32 with the signal of the tapping temperature setting means 21. Then, when the remaining hot water amount decreases and the hot water temperature starts to drop, controller 34 switches the signal of hot water temperature setting means 15 to match the signal of hot water temperature setting means 21.

そのため、回転数制御器16は水熱交換器13の出口媒体温度が出湯温度設定手段21の信号と一致するように循環ポンプ12の回転数を制御する。これにより、前記水熱交換器13で沸き上げられた湯は出湯される湯温と同じ温度となり、そのまま出湯される。   Therefore, the rotation speed controller 16 controls the rotation speed of the circulation pump 12 so that the outlet medium temperature of the water heat exchanger 13 matches the signal of the hot water temperature setting means 21. Thereby, the hot water boiled in the water heat exchanger 13 has the same temperature as the hot water to be discharged, and is directly discharged.

(実施例9)
図9において、実施例1〜8と同じ構成、動作するものについては、同一符号とし、説明を省略する。
(Example 9)
In FIG. 9, components having the same configuration and operation as those of the first to eighth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

35は湯量検知手段であり、貯湯槽5に設けられ、温度を検出して信号を発信する。36は運転制御器であり、湯量検知手段35の信号を受けて圧縮機1を通電し、ヒートポンプによる単独運転をおこなう。   Reference numeral 35 denotes hot water amount detecting means, which is provided in the hot water storage tank 5 and detects a temperature to transmit a signal. An operation controller 36 energizes the compressor 1 in response to a signal from the hot water amount detecting means 35, and performs an independent operation using a heat pump.

上記構成において、貯湯槽5から出湯されると、湯面は上部に押し上げられ、湯面が湯量検知手段35の位置に達すると、湯量検知手段35は運転制御器36に信号を送り、圧縮機1を通電し、ヒートポンプによる単独運転をおこなう。   In the above configuration, when the hot water is discharged from the hot water storage tank 5, the hot water level is pushed upward, and when the hot water level reaches the position of the hot water level detecting means 35, the hot water level detecting means 35 sends a signal to the operation controller 36 and the compressor 1 is energized, and an independent operation is performed by a heat pump.

そして、ミキシングバルブ17は利用する湯温に下げて端末機器に送るため、残湯温度と追い焚き温度が異なっても出湯温度は安定する。よって、省電力で追い焚き運転をおこなうことができるようになる。   Then, since the mixing valve 17 is sent to the terminal device after being lowered to the hot water temperature to be used, the tapping temperature is stabilized even if the remaining hot water temperature and the reheating temperature are different. Therefore, it becomes possible to perform the reheating operation with power saving.

(実施例10)
図10において、実施例1〜9と同じ構成、動作するものについては、同一符号とし、説明を省略する。
(Example 10)
In FIG. 10, components having the same configuration and operation as those of the first to ninth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

37は加熱器であり、水熱交換器13と貯湯槽5上部の給湯回路途中に設けられ、複数のヒータなどで構成され出力可変ができる。38は第1の温度検知器であり、水熱交換器13の出口に設けられ、そこを流れる媒体温度を検出し、信号を発生する。   Reference numeral 37 denotes a heater, which is provided in the middle of the hot water supply circuit above the water heat exchanger 13 and the hot water storage tank 5, and is constituted by a plurality of heaters and the like, and its output can be varied. Reference numeral 38 denotes a first temperature detector, which is provided at the outlet of the water heat exchanger 13, detects the temperature of the medium flowing therethrough, and generates a signal.

39は第2の温度検知器であり、加熱器37の出口に設けられ、そこを流れる媒体温度を検出し、信号を発生する。40は回転数制御器であり、第1の温度検知器38の信号を受けて循環ポンプ12の回転数を制御する。41は制御器であり、第2の温度検知器39の信号を受けて加熱器37の出力を制御する。   Reference numeral 39 denotes a second temperature detector, which is provided at the outlet of the heater 37, detects the temperature of the medium flowing therethrough, and generates a signal. Reference numeral 40 denotes a rotation speed controller that controls the rotation speed of the circulation pump 12 in response to a signal from the first temperature detector 38. Reference numeral 41 denotes a controller, which controls the output of the heater 37 in response to a signal from the second temperature detector 39.

上記構成において、ヒートポンプ運転と加熱器の併用運転時にヒートポンプでの沸き上げ湯温、すなわち水熱交換器13の出口湯温を第1の温度検知器38で検出し、その信号を回転数制御器40に送り、ここで、前記循環ポンプ12の回転数を制御して、ヒートポンプでの沸き上げ湯温が所定温度になるようにする。   In the above configuration, the first temperature detector 38 detects the hot water temperature of the heat pump, that is, the hot water temperature of the outlet of the water heat exchanger 13 at the time of the combined operation of the heat pump operation and the heater. The heat is then sent to 40, where the number of revolutions of the circulation pump 12 is controlled so that the temperature of the hot water from the heat pump becomes a predetermined temperature.

その運転時に、加熱器37の出口温度が高くなると第2の温度検知器39が湯温を検出して、制御器41に信号を送り、前記加熱器37の出力を低減する。よって、併用運転時のヒートポンプでの沸き上げ湯温は、ヒートポンプ単独運転と同じ湯温になるため、高効率で沸き上げ運転ができる。   During the operation, when the outlet temperature of the heater 37 rises, the second temperature detector 39 detects the temperature of the hot water, sends a signal to the controller 41, and reduces the output of the heater 37. Therefore, the boiling water temperature of the heat pump in the combined operation is the same as that of the single operation of the heat pump, so that the boiling operation can be performed with high efficiency.

(実施例11)
図11において、実施例1〜10と同じ構成、動作するものについては、同一符号とし、説明を省略する。
(Example 11)
11, components having the same configuration and operation as those of the first to tenth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

42は開閉弁であり、循環ポンプ12、水熱交換器13の給湯回路中に設けられている。43は制御器であり、圧縮機1の運転停止時に開閉弁42を閉にする。   Reference numeral 42 denotes an open / close valve, which is provided in the hot water supply circuit of the circulation pump 12 and the water heat exchanger 13. Reference numeral 43 denotes a controller which closes the on-off valve 42 when the operation of the compressor 1 is stopped.

上記構成において、運転停止直後、運転中に湯となった水熱交換器13の出口と貯湯槽5間の湯が放熱して温度低下し、密度が大きくなるため、給湯回路を下降する自然循環力が発生し、貯湯槽5の上部から湯が逆流しようとする。   In the above configuration, immediately after the operation is stopped, the hot water between the outlet of the water heat exchanger 13 and the hot water storage tank 5 that has become hot during operation is radiated and the temperature is reduced, and the density is increased. A force is generated, and the hot water tends to flow backward from the upper portion of the hot water storage tank 5.

しかし、制御器43は運転停止時に前記開閉弁42を閉とするため、自然循環を防止することができる。その結果、前記貯湯槽5内の湯が給湯回路に逆流し、放熱することもない。   However, since the controller 43 closes the on-off valve 42 when the operation is stopped, natural circulation can be prevented. As a result, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 5 flows back to the hot water supply circuit and does not radiate heat.

(実施例12)
図12において、実施例1〜11と同じ構成、動作するものについては、同一符号とし、説明を省略する。
(Example 12)
12, components having the same configuration and operation as those of the first to eleventh embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

44は熱源であり、貯湯槽5に内蔵、あるいは貯湯槽5の上部と下部を連通する水循環路に設けられている。45は湯量検知手段であり、前記貯湯槽5に設けられ、温度を検出して信号を発生する。46は人体認識手段であり、浴室内に設けられ、人体を認識して人数を積算カウントして信号を発生する。47は運転制御器であり、湯量検知手段45および人体認識手段46の信号から熱源44および循環ポンプ12の運転を制御する。   Reference numeral 44 denotes a heat source, which is provided in the hot water tank 5 or provided in a water circulation path communicating the upper part and the lower part of the hot water tank 5. Reference numeral 45 denotes hot water amount detecting means, which is provided in the hot water storage tank 5 and detects a temperature to generate a signal. Reference numeral 46 denotes a human body recognizing means, which is provided in the bathroom and recognizes the human body and counts the number of persons to generate a signal. Reference numeral 47 denotes an operation controller which controls the operation of the heat source 44 and the circulation pump 12 based on signals from the hot water amount detecting means 45 and the human body recognizing means 46.

上記構成において、貯湯槽5から出湯されて残湯量が前記湯量検知手段45の位置に達すると、湯量検知手段45は運転制御器47に信号を送る。また人体認識手段46は浴室内に設けられ、入浴した人数を積算カウントし、前記運転制御器47に信号を送る。   In the above configuration, when the remaining hot water reaches the position of the hot water detecting means 45 after the hot water is discharged from the hot water storage tank 5, the hot water detecting means 45 sends a signal to the operation controller 47. The human body recognizing means 46 is provided in the bathroom, counts the number of bathers, and sends a signal to the operation controller 47.

そして、前記運転制御器47は湯量検知手段45の信号を受けた時の人体認識手段46の信号から、追い焚き運転をおこなうか否かの選択をする。例えば、最後の入浴者であるならば、湯量検知手段45の位置の残湯量で充分であるため、追い焚き運転はしない。よって、無駄な追い焚き運転を防止することができるため、消費電力が節約できるとともに、電力負荷の平準化を促進する深夜時間帯に貯湯槽の沸き上げ運転をおこなうことができるものである。   Then, the operation controller 47 selects whether or not to perform the reheating operation based on the signal of the human body recognizing unit 46 when receiving the signal of the hot water amount detecting unit 45. For example, if the person is the last bather, the remaining amount of hot water at the position of the hot water amount detecting means 45 is sufficient, so that the reheating operation is not performed. Therefore, wasteful reheating operation can be prevented, so that power consumption can be saved, and the operation of boiling the hot water tank can be performed during the late night hours to promote the leveling of the power load.

なお、最後の入浴者か否かは予定された入浴者の人数を当初入力することにより行う。   The last bather is determined by initially inputting the expected number of bathers.

以上のように、本発明によれば、安定した出湯温度が得られるヒートポンプ給湯機を提供できるものであり、例えば、家庭の台所用、風呂用などに適しているものである。   As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a heat pump water heater capable of obtaining a stable tap water temperature, and is suitable for, for example, a home kitchen or a bath.

本発明の実施例1を示すヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater showing a first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施例2を示すヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図Configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater showing a second embodiment of the present invention 本発明の実施例3を示すヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図Configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater showing a third embodiment of the present invention 本発明の実施例4を示すヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図Configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention 本発明の実施例5を示すヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図Configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention 本発明の実施例6を示すヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図Configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention 本発明の実施例7を示すヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図Configuration diagram of heat pump water heater showing embodiment 7 of the present invention 本発明の実施例8を示すヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図Configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater showing embodiment 8 of the present invention 本発明の実施例9を示すヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図Configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention 本発明の実施例10を示すヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図Configuration diagram of a heat pump water heater showing embodiment 10 of the present invention 本発明の実施例11を示すヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図Configuration diagram of heat pump water heater showing embodiment 11 of the present invention 本発明の実施例12を示す給湯機の構成図Configuration diagram of a water heater showing a twelfth embodiment of the present invention 従来のヒートポンプ給湯機の構成図Configuration diagram of conventional heat pump water heater 従来の給湯機の構成図Configuration diagram of conventional water heater

符号の説明Explanation of reference numerals

1 圧縮機
5 貯湯槽
12 循環ポンプ
13 水熱交換器
17 ミキシングバルブ
35 湯量検知手段
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 5 Hot water storage tank 12 Circulation pump 13 Water heat exchanger 17 Mixing valve 35 Hot water level detection means

Claims (1)

圧縮機を有する冷媒循環回路と、貯湯槽の湯水循環用に配置され、途中に前記冷媒循環回路との間で熱交換を行う水熱交換器を接続した水循環路と、前記水循環路に貯湯槽の下部から上部へ湯水を強制循環させ、水熱交換器で加熱された湯水を貯湯槽の上方から温度成層的に貯湯するための循環ポンプと、前記貯湯槽に貯えられている湯水の上下方向の温度分布により残湯量を検知する湯量検知手段と、前記貯湯槽の上部から取り出す湯と水道水を混合して任意の湯温調整をおこなうミキシングバルブとを具備し、貯湯槽の残湯量が所定値まで減少したことを前記湯量検知手段が検知したとき、冷媒循環回路の圧縮機を駆動させて追い焚きを行うようにしたヒートポンプ給湯機。 A refrigerant circuit having a compressor, a water circuit arranged for hot water circulation of a hot water storage tank and connecting a water heat exchanger for performing heat exchange with the refrigerant circuit in the middle thereof, and a hot water tank in the water circuit A circulation pump for forcibly circulating hot water from the lower part to the upper part of the tank and storing the hot water heated by the water heat exchanger in a temperature stratified manner from above the hot water storage tank, and a vertical direction of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank. And a mixing valve for mixing hot water taken out from the upper part of the hot water tank and tap water to perform any hot water temperature adjustment, and the remaining hot water amount in the hot water tank is predetermined. A heat pump water heater in which the compressor in the refrigerant circuit is driven to perform reheating when the hot water amount detecting means detects that the temperature has decreased to a value.
JP2004044279A 2004-02-20 2004-02-20 Heat pump water heater Pending JP2004177115A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Related Parent Applications (1)

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JP28556095A Division JPH09126547A (en) 1995-11-02 1995-11-02 Heat pump type hot water supply apparatus

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101900416A (en) * 2010-08-06 2010-12-01 江苏天舒电器有限公司 Constant-temperature variable energy-saving water heater
CN105276809A (en) * 2015-10-30 2016-01-27 江门市达能环保节能科技有限公司 Recycled shower hot-water system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101900416A (en) * 2010-08-06 2010-12-01 江苏天舒电器有限公司 Constant-temperature variable energy-saving water heater
CN101900416B (en) * 2010-08-06 2012-07-04 江苏天舒电器有限公司 Constant-temperature variable energy-saving water heater
CN105276809A (en) * 2015-10-30 2016-01-27 江门市达能环保节能科技有限公司 Recycled shower hot-water system

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