JP3841520B2 - Voice assignment device for electronic keyboard instrument - Google Patents

Description

【００１３】
この実施形態では、ボイス数を「６」としており、更に、ユニゾン数は演奏者により例えば「３」に設定する。そして、例えば鍵盤Ｃ３が押鍵されると、図３に示すフローチャートにおいてユニゾン数＝３、Ｒ＝０とされ（ステップＳＴ１１）、停止中のボイスを検索する（ステップＳＴ１２）。ここで、初期化したことにより全てのボイスが停止中（表１参照）であるから（ステップＳＴ１３でＹＥＳ）、音源のそのボイス（この場合はボイス１、表２参照）に対して発音処理を行う（ステップＳＴ１４）。次いで、発音状態表における「停止／発音」の欄を「発音」に書き換え、且つ、音程に鍵盤Ｃ３を書き込む（ステップＳＴ１５）。
【００１４】
【表２】

【００１５】
その後、Ｒ＝０であるかどうかが判定され（ステップＳＴ１６）、この場合は前記したようにＲ＝０であるから発音状態表の「メイン／サブ」の欄に「メイン」を記述する（ステップＳＴ１７）。そして、ユニゾン数Ｃ＝２、Ｒ＝１とし（ステップＳＴ１９）、Ｃ＝０が成立しないので（ステップＳＴ２０でＮＯ）、再度停止中のボイスを検索し、停止中のボイスが存在する場合には、上記のステップＳＴ１３〜ステップＳＴ１６を繰り返す。そして、今度は、Ｒ＝１であるから（ステップＳＴ１６でＮＯ）発音状態表の「メイン／サブ」の欄にサブを記述する。そして、これを繰り返すことにより、表２に示すように、発音状態表のボイス１にはＣ３のメインボイスが記述され、ボイス２、３にはそれぞれＣ３のサブボイスが記述されることになる。
【００１６】
更に、鍵盤Ｃ３の押鍵を継続した状態で鍵盤Ｅ３を押鍵すると、上記と同様に停止中のボイスにＥ３のメインボイス、サブボイスが割り当てられることになる（表２参照）。従って、音源からは、鍵盤Ｃ３の３音のユニゾン、及び鍵盤Ｅ３の３音のユニゾンが和音で出力されることになる。
【００１７】
また、この状態で更に鍵盤Ｇ３が押鍵されると、今度は停止中のボイスが存在しないので（表２から理解できるように、全てのボイスが発音中である）、図３に示したステップＳＴ１３にて「ＮＯ」となる。すると、図４に示すように発音状態表中でサブボイスが割り当てられているボイスがあるかどうかが検索され（ステップＳＴ２１）、この場合は表２より、ボイス２，３，５，６がそれぞれサブボイスに割り当てられているので（ステップＳＴ２２でＹＥＳ）、音源のそのボイスに対応して発音処理を行う（ステップＳＴ２３）。次いで、発音状態表にてサブボイスに設定されているボイス（この場合はボイス２）の「停止／発音」欄を「発音」とし、かつ音程に鍵盤Ｇ３を記述する（ステップＳＴ２４）。また、このときＲ＝０に設定されているので（ステップＳＴ２５でＹＥＳ ）「メイン／サブ」の欄を「メイン」に書き換え（ステップＳＴ２６）、Ｃ＝２、Ｒ＝１として（ステップＳＴ２８，ＳＴ２９）ステップＳＴ２１からの処理を繰り返す。そして、今度はＲ＝０が成立しないので（ステップＳＴ２５でＮＯ）「メイン／サブ」の欄には「サブ」が記述される（ステップＳＴ２７）。その結果、表３に示すように、ボイス１が「Ｃ３のメインボイス」、ボイス２が「Ｇ３のメインボイス」、ボイス３が「Ｇ３のサブボイス」、ボイス４が「Ｅ３のメインボイス」、ボイス５が「Ｇ３のサブボイス」、ボイス６が「Ｅ３のサブボイス」に割り当てられることになり、これらの割り当てで実際に音程が出力されることになる。
【００１８】
【表３】

【００１９】
その後、鍵盤Ｃ３が離鍵（ノートオフともいう）されるとＣ３の出力が停止されるから、表４に示すように、ボイス１が停止とされる。
【００２０】
【表４】

【００２１】
引き続き、鍵盤Ｂ３が押鍵されると、前記した手順と同様に、まず、停止中のボイス（この場合はボイス１）にＢ３のメインボイスが割り当てられ、更に、表４から理解できるように、サブボイスに割り当てられたボイスが３つ存在するので（ボイス３，５，６）このうち２つが鍵盤Ｂ３のサブボイスに割り当てられることになる。即ち、表５に示す如くとなる。
【００２２】
【表５】

【００２３】
次いで、鍵盤Ｃ４、Ｅ４の順で押鍵された場合には、前述と同様の手順でサブボイスに割り当てられている、ボイス５にＥ４のメインボイスが割り当てられ、ボイス６にＥ４のサブボイスが割り当てられることになる。（表６参照）
【００２４】
【表６】

【００２５】
引き続き、鍵盤Ｇ４が押鍵されると、表６においてサブボイスに設定されているボイス６がＧ４のメインボイスに設定されることになる。（表７参照）
【００２６】
【表７】

【００２７】
この状態で全てのボイスにメインボイスが割り当てられることになり、更に、新たな鍵盤が押鍵された場合には、図４に示したステップＳＴ２２にて「ＮＯ」となるので、図５に示すステップＳＴ３０へと進む。そして、Ｒ＝０であるかどうかが判定され、Ｒ＝０である場合には（ステップＳＴ３０でＹＥＳ）発音状態表の「メイン／サブ」の欄が「メイン」とされているボイスを１つ選択しこのボイスに対して発音処理を行う（ステップＳＴ３１）。ここで、上記選択の方法は各種存在するが、例えば、ボイス番号の昇順、降順とすることが考えられる。その後、発音状態表の「停止／発音」の欄を発音とし、「音程」の欄に新たな鍵盤の番号を記述し、更に、「メイン／サブ」の欄を「メイン」とする（ステップＳＴ３２，ＳＴ３３）。
【００２８】
一方、Ｒ＝０でないということは（ステップＳＴ３０でＮＯ）その鍵盤入力のメインボイスは既に割り当てられているということになるので、そのまま終了させる。つまり、全てのボイスに各鍵盤のメインボイスが割り当てられている時には新たに入力された音程のサブボイスを割り当てることはしないように動作することになる。こうして、各ボイスに押鍵された各音程が割り当てられるのである。
【００２９】
このようにして、本実施形態におけるボイス割り当て装置では、ユニゾン演奏をする際に、基準音となる１つの音程を「メインボイス」とし、その他の基準音から若干ずれた音程を「サブボイス」として発音状態表に記述しておき、新たな鍵盤（ｘ）が押鍵された場合には、まず、停止中のボイスを探してこの新たな鍵盤（ｘ）のメインボイスを割り当て、停止中のボイスが存在しない場合には、既にサブボイス割り当てられているボイスを検索し、このボイスに鍵盤（ｘ）のメインボイスを割り当てる、という具合に順次ボイス情報を書き換えながら発音させている。従って、連続したユニゾン演奏が可能となり、また、押鍵される鍵盤数が増えると各音程のサブボイス数が減少することになるが、メインボイス、サブボイスに関わらず、少なくともボイス数分の音程が発音され続けるので、出力音の臨場感が失われることなく、常に有る程度の迫力で楽音を出力することができる。
【００３０】
なお、上記した実施形態では、ボイス数を６、ユニゾン数を３に設定した場合の例について説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものでは無く、各種ボイス数、ユニゾン数においても適用できることは説明するまでも無い。
【００３１】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の電子鍵盤楽器におけるボイス割り当て装置によれば、鍵盤（ｘ）が押鍵された際に、停止中のボイスが存在すればこのボイスに鍵盤（ｘ）のメインボイス、サブボイスを順次割り当て、停止中のボイスが存在しない場合には、発音中のボイスの中からサブボイスに割り当てられているボイスを検索してこれに鍵盤（ｘ）のメインボイス、サブボイスをそれぞれ割り当て、全てのボイスにメインボイスが割り当てられている場合には、このうちの１つを鍵盤（ｘ）のメインボイスに割り当てる処理を行っている。従って、ユニゾン演奏中に新たな鍵盤入力があった場合でも、この音程を発音させることができるので、連続したユニゾン演奏を可能にすることができる。
【００３２】
また、新たな鍵盤入力が発生する度に既入力のサブボイスが削除されることになるが、実際にはボイス数分だけ音程が発音され続けるので（６ボイスの場合は６音）臨場感や迫力が損なわれることは無い。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明のボイス割り当て装置が適用される電子鍵盤楽器のハードウェア構成を示す説明図。
【図２】発音状態表を初期化する手順を示すフローチャート。
【図３】本実施形態の動作を示すフローチャートの第１の分図。
【図４】本実施形態の動作を示すフローチャートの第２の分図。
【図５】本実施形態の動作を示すフローチャートの第３の分図。
【符号の説明】
１ 鍵盤
２ キースキャナー
３ ＣＰＵ
３ａ ユニゾン数設定手段
３ｂ メインボイス割り当て手段
３ｃ サブボイス割り当て手段
４ ＲＯＭ
５ ＲＡＭ
６ 操作パネル
７ 音源[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a voice assignment device that can smoothly perform unison performance in an electronic keyboard instrument such as a synthesizer.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, many electronic keyboard instruments such as synthesizers have a so-called unison function in which a plurality of voices (sound generators) are simultaneously driven by one key press information. Unison means that when a key corresponding to one pitch is pressed, the pitch corresponding to this key is pronounced, and several types of pitches slightly deviating from this pitch are played simultaneously, making the sound thicker. Can be given. For example, when the “C” key is pressed, six sounds obtained by adding each pitch of +10, −10, +20, −20, and +30 cents to this pitch are simultaneously generated so-called “swell”. Can generate sounds with a sense of presence. This is generally referred to as a six-tone unison.
[0003]
However, in a six-tone polyphonic sound source, that is, an electronic keyboard instrument having six voices, six pitches are pronounced at one time, so the next sound (for example, “E”) ) Is pressed, the next sound is not pronounced. In other words, conventional electronic keyboard instruments are limited to playing single notes. In addition, in the case of having 18 voices, although a chord consisting of three pitches can be pronounced with 6 unisons each, the problem remains that the next sound is not pronounced.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in a conventional electronic keyboard instrument, for example, when 6 voices are produced using 6 voices, 6 sounds of unison are produced by pressing the first keyboard. When the second key is pressed in the state where all the voices are pressed, there is no voice assigned to the second keyboard because all voices are in use, and the next sound cannot be produced. .
[0005]
The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to cause pitches that are sequentially depressed to be generated by sequentially switching the pitch assignment to each voice. It is an object of the present invention to provide a voice assigning device for an electronic keyboard instrument that can be used.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention assigns a voice to a pitch of a key pressed by an electronic keyboard instrument as a main voice, and assigns another voice to one or a plurality of pitches slightly deviated from the pitch. When the unison number setting means for setting the input unison number (C) and the keyboard (x) is pressed and there is a stopped voice, a keyboard ( x) If the main voice is assigned, there is no voice that is stopped, and the sub-voice of another keyboard is assigned to the voice that is sounding, the keyboard corresponding to the lowest voice number of the sub-voices If there is no stopped voice assigned to the main voice of (x) and all the voices that are sounding are assigned the main voice, the smallest of the main voices or The main voice assigning means for assigning the voice with the highest voice number to the main voice of the keyboard (x) and the key (x) are pressed, and the main voice assigning means assigns the main voice of the keyboard (x). After that, (C-1) sub-voices are sequentially assigned to the stopped voices and the voices set as the sub-voices of other keyboards, and the remaining (C-1-n) ( n is stopped ) the number of Sabuboisu voice and the total number of voice set in Sabuboisu other key) is not performed the assignment, if the voice is all set in the main voice of another keyboard, keyboard (x) Each voice is assigned a voice number for voice identification, which is a sub-voice assignment means for performing processing without assigning a sub-voice, and a voice identification number which is incremented by 1 from the initial value “1” and the final value is the total number of voice It is characterized by having a pronunciation state table for storing at least information indicating the states assigned in order.
[0007]
According to the present invention configured as described above, when the keyboard (x) is pressed while the unison performance is being executed, the main voice and sub voice of the keyboard (x) are assigned to the stopped voice. For example, a three-tone unison output can be obtained. When there is no stopped voice, it is determined whether or not there is a voice assigned to the sub-voice. If there is a voice that is assigned to the sub-voice, the main voice of the keyboard (x) is assigned to it, and further, the sub-voice is assigned. Is present, the sub-voice of the keyboard (x) is assigned to this sub-voice. Further, when there is no voice assigned to the sub-voice when the main voice of the keyboard (x) is assigned, the sub-voice of the keyboard (x) is not assigned.
[0008]
Further, when the main voice is already assigned to all voices when the keyboard (x) is pressed, one of them is assigned to the main voice of the keyboard (x) to generate sound. In other words, the main voice is given priority over the sub voice, and the keyboard information input later is given priority to assign voices. This allows continuous unison performance.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a hardware configuration of an electronic keyboard instrument to which the voice assignment device of the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic keyboard instrument includes a keyboard 1 having 128 keys, for example, A CPU 3 including a key scanner 2 for reading information on the keyboard 1 pressed by the performer, a unison number setting means 3a, a main voice assigning means 3b, a sub voice assigning means 3c, and operating as a control center, and a system program are stored. ROM 4 to be read, RAM 5 for storing the contents of a pronunciation state table as shown in Table 1 to be described later in a readable / writable manner, operation panel 6 for inputting information such as the number of unisons, and assigned voices And a sound source 7 that produces a sound.
[0010]
In this embodiment, the pitch corresponding to the key pressed (also referred to as note-on) is assigned to one voice (sound generator) as the main voice, and the pitch slightly deviated from this main voice is assigned to the other voice. Unison performance is possible by assigning as, and then when another key is pressed, the voice assigned to the sub-voice is assigned to the main voice and sub-voice of the newly entered key in sequence. It enables a typical unison performance.
[0011]
Hereinafter, this operation will be described in detail with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 2 to 5. First, all voices are turned off as an initial setting. That is, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2, when initialization is started, the “stopped / sounding” column of the sounding state table shown in Table 1 for voice number 1 is rewritten to off (stopped) (step ST1). , ST2). Subsequently, the same operation is sequentially performed on the voices 2, 3,... To turn off all the “stopped / sounding” columns of the entire voice (steps ST3 and ST4). Thereby, initialization is completed.
[0012]
[Table 1]

[0013]
In this embodiment, the number of voices is set to “6”, and the number of unisons is set to “3” by the performer, for example. Then, for example, when the keyboard C3 is pressed, the number of unisons is 3 and R = 0 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 (step ST11), and a stopped voice is searched (step ST12). Here, since all the voices are stopped due to the initialization (see Table 1) (YES in step ST13), the sound generation process is performed for the voice of the sound source (in this case, Voice 1 and Table 2). It performs (step ST14). Next, the “stop / sound generation” field in the sound generation state table is rewritten to “sound generation” and the keyboard C3 is written in the pitch (step ST15).
[0014]
[Table 2]

[0015]
Thereafter, it is determined whether or not R = 0 (step ST16). In this case, since R = 0 as described above, “main” is described in the “main / sub” column of the sound generation state table (step ST16). ST17). Then, the number of unisons C = 2 and R = 1 are set (step ST19), and C = 0 is not satisfied (NO in step ST20). Therefore, a stopped voice is searched again, and if a stopped voice exists. The above steps ST13 to ST16 are repeated. In this case, since R = 1 (NO in step ST16), the sub is described in the “main / sub” column of the pronunciation state table. By repeating this, as shown in Table 2, the main voice of C3 is described in voice 1 of the sound generation state table, and the sub-voice of C3 is described in voices 2 and 3, respectively.
[0016]
Further, when the key E3 is pressed while the key C3 is continuously pressed, the main voice and sub voice of E3 are assigned to the stopped voice as described above (see Table 2). Accordingly, the sound source outputs the three-tone unison of the keyboard C3 and the three-tone unison of the keyboard E3 as chords.
[0017]
Further, when the keyboard G3 is further depressed in this state, there is no voice that is stopped this time (all voices are being sounded as can be understood from Table 2), so the steps shown in FIG. It becomes "NO" in ST13. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, it is searched whether there is a voice to which a sub-voice is assigned in the pronunciation state table (step ST21). In this case, voices 2, 3, 5, and 6 are sub-voices from Table 2, respectively. (YES in step ST22), sound generation processing is performed corresponding to the voice of the sound source (step ST23). Next, the “stop / pronunciation” column of the voice set as the sub-voice in the sounding state table (in this case, voice 2) is set to “sounding”, and the keyboard G3 is described in the pitch (step ST24). At this time, since R = 0 is set (YES in step ST25), the “main / sub” column is rewritten to “main” (step ST26), and C = 2 and R = 1 (steps ST28 and ST29). ) Repeat the process from step ST21. Since R = 0 does not hold this time (NO in step ST25), “sub” is described in the “main / sub” column (step ST27). As a result, as shown in Table 3, Voice 1 is “C3 Main Voice”, Voice 2 is “G3 Main Voice”, Voice 3 is “G3 Sub Voice”, Voice 4 is “E3 Main Voice”, Voice 5 is assigned to “G3 sub-voice”, and voice 6 is assigned to “E3 sub-voice”. With these assignments, the pitch is actually output.
[0018]
[Table 3]

[0019]
Thereafter, when the keyboard C3 is released (also referred to as note-off), the output of C3 is stopped, so that the voice 1 is stopped as shown in Table 4.
[0020]
[Table 4]

[0021]
Subsequently, when the keyboard B3 is pressed, the main voice of B3 is first assigned to the stopped voice (in this case, voice 1), as in the procedure described above, and as can be understood from Table 4, Since there are three voices assigned to the sub-voices (voices 3, 5 and 6), two of them are assigned to the sub-voices of the keyboard B3. That is, as shown in Table 5.
[0022]
[Table 5]

[0023]
Next, when the keys C4 and E4 are pressed in this order, the main voice of E4 is assigned to the voice 5 and the subvoice of E4 is assigned to the voice 6 assigned to the subvoice in the same procedure as described above. It will be. (See Table 6)
[0024]
[Table 6]

[0025]
Subsequently, when the keyboard G4 is pressed, the voice 6 set as the sub-voice in Table 6 is set as the main voice of G4. (See Table 7)
[0026]
[Table 7]

[0027]
In this state, the main voice is assigned to all voices. Further, when a new key is pressed, “NO” is obtained in step ST22 shown in FIG. It progresses to step ST30. Then, it is determined whether or not R = 0. If R = 0 (YES in step ST30), one voice whose “main / sub” column in the pronunciation state table is “main” is selected. The selected voice is subjected to sound generation processing (step ST31). Here, there are various methods for the above selection. For example, it is possible to set the voice numbers in ascending order or descending order. Thereafter, the “stop / sound generation” column of the sound generation state table is set to sound, the new keyboard number is described in the “pitch” column, and the “main / sub” column is set to “main” (step ST32). , ST33).
[0028]
On the other hand, if R = 0 is not satisfied (NO in step ST30), it means that the main voice of the keyboard input has already been assigned. In other words, when the main voice of each keyboard is assigned to all voices, the operation is performed so as not to assign a sub-voice having a newly input pitch. In this way, each pressed key is assigned to each voice.
[0029]
In this way, in the voice assignment device according to the present embodiment, when performing a unison performance, one pitch as a reference sound is set as a “main voice”, and a pitch slightly deviated from the other reference sounds is generated as a “sub voice”. In the state table, when a new key (x) is pressed, first search for a stopped voice and assign the main voice of this new key (x). If it does not exist, the voice already assigned to the sub-voice is searched, and the main voice of the keyboard (x) is assigned to this voice. Therefore, continuous unison performance is possible, and as the number of keys to be pressed increases, the number of sub-voices for each pitch decreases. Therefore, it is possible to always output a musical sound with a certain level of force without losing the presence of the output sound.
[0030]
In the above embodiment, an example in which the number of voices is set to 6 and the number of unisons is set to 3 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to various types of voices and unison numbers. There is no need to explain.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the voice allocating device for an electronic keyboard instrument of the present invention, if a stopped voice exists when the key (x) is pressed, the main voice of the key (x) is included in this voice. , Assign sub voices sequentially, and if there are no stopped voices, search for the voices assigned to the sub voices from among the voices that are sounding, assign the main voice and sub voice of the keyboard (x) to this, When the main voice is assigned to all the voices, a process of assigning one of them to the main voice of the keyboard (x) is performed. Therefore, even if there is a new keyboard input during unison performance, this pitch can be generated, so that continuous unison performance can be achieved.
[0032]
In addition, every time a new keyboard input occurs, the sub-voices that have already been input will be deleted. However, since the pitch continues to be sounded for the number of voices (six sounds in the case of 6 voices), there is a sense of presence and power. Will not be damaged.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a hardware configuration of an electronic keyboard instrument to which a voice assignment device of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a procedure for initializing a sound generation state table.
FIG. 3 is a first partial view of a flowchart showing the operation of the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a second part of a flowchart showing the operation of the present embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a third partial diagram of a flowchart showing the operation of the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Keyboard 2 Key Scanner 3 CPU
3a Unison number setting means 3b Main voice assigning means 3c Sub voice assigning means 4 ROM
5 RAM
6 Operation panel 7 Sound source

Claims (1)

A voice is assigned to the pitch of a key pressed by an electronic keyboard instrument as the main voice, and another voice is assigned to one or more pitches slightly deviated from the pitch to be used as sub-voices, and each voice is sounded simultaneously. Thus, there is provided a voice assigning device capable of realizing unison performance, comprising the following unison number setting means, main voice assigning means, sub-voice assigning means, an increment of 1 from the initial value “1”, and the final value being the total number of voices. A voice assignment device for an electronic keyboard instrument, comprising: a sounding state table for storing at least information indicating a state in which voice numbers for voice identification are assigned to each voice in turn.
(A) Unison number setting means: Sets the input unison number (C).
(B) Main voice assigning means: When the keyboard (x) is pressed and there is a stopped voice, the main voice of the keyboard (x) is assigned to the stopped voice,
If there is no stopped voice and a sub-voice of another keyboard is assigned to the voice being played, the sub-voice corresponding to the lowest voice number is assigned to the main voice of the keyboard (x) ,
If there are no stopped voices and the main voice is assigned to all of the voices that are sounding, the main voice on the keyboard (x) is assigned the voice with the smallest or highest voice number of each main voice. Process to assign to.
(C) Sub-voice assigning means: after the key (x) is pressed and the main voice assigning means assigns the main voice of the keyboard (x), (C-1) sub-voices are stopped sequentially. Number of remaining voices (C-1-n) ( where n is the total number of voices that have been stopped and other keyboard sub-voices). No sub-voice is assigned,
When all the voices are set as the main voices of other keyboards, a process of not assigning the sub voices of the keyboard (x) is performed.

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