JP3841425B2 - How to disinfect the seeds - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention involves immersing seed pods in acidic deep water and alkaline electrolytic water obtained by electrolyzing deep ocean water, ocean surface water, or water containing an electrolyte, respectively. The present invention relates to a method for disinfecting seed potatoes that kills or inactivates fungi (such as ridicules and rice blasts).

  Seeds that are harvested and dried include bacteria (such as seedling blight fungus, rice blast fungus and brown streak fungus) and fungi (such as idiot seedling fungus and blast fungus) on the surface or between rice husk and pericarp. It is important to disinfect the seed pods before sowing, but as a method of disinfecting seed pestle that does not use pesticides for disinfection, immerse the seed pods in hot water at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time. A hot water immersion method has been developed (see JP 2000-316321 A).

  Disinfection by soaking seeds in hot water is an excellent method in terms of food safety because it does not use any pesticides for disinfection, thus reducing the burden on the environment. However, since the temperature of the hot water in which the seed pods are immersed and the immersion time are greatly related to the diseased seedling rate and germination rate, it is actually difficult to control the temperature of the hot water.

  In addition, seed pods are sown, germinated and germinated before sowing, but if there are a few pathogens that survive or are not sufficiently inactivated in the disinfected seed pods, the stage of seeding, germination and budding treatment will occur. It has also been pointed out that these pathogens grow by humidification, heating, and supply of oxygen, and the disinfection treatment with hot water immersion becomes meaningless.

  For this reason, as a means for achieving the complete disinfection by the seed soaking method of seed pods, a seed soaking sterilization method using acidic electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water has been proposed (see JP 2000-360011 A). From the fact that it takes a very long time to sterilize the seed soak, such as 6 hours for soaking of acidic electrolyzed water and 12 hours for soaking of alkaline electrolyzed water (see paragraph “0011” of the same publication). While the quality is improved, the germination ability of the seed pods may be greatly impaired by immersing the seed pods in acidic electrolyzed water or alkaline electrolyzed water for a long time.

In addition, as a method for immersing and disinfecting seeds with alkaline electrolyzed water, JP-A-11-12112 and as a method for immersing and disinfecting seeds with acidic electrolyzed water are disclosed in JP-A-9-224422. The alkaline electrolyzed water obtained by electrolysis has a bactericidal action as disclosed in JP-A-2001-198575, and the method for producing acidic electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water by electrolysis of deep ocean water or the like is disclosed in JP-A-2002-153874. Are introduced respectively.
JP 2000-316321 A JP 2000-360011 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-12112 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-224422 JP 2001-198575 A JP 2002-153874 A

  As shown in the above-mentioned JP-A-2000-360011, in the conventional soaking and disinfecting method using acidic electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water, the seed buds are germinated since long time soaking is required in the acidic electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water. As described above, the performance may be greatly impaired.

  Therefore, the present invention warms the acidic electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water and keeps them at 50 ° C. to 60 ° C., and immerses the seeds in the warmed acidic electrolyzed water and warmed alkaline electrolyzed water for 10 minutes to 1 hour, respectively. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for disinfecting seed pods that can kill or inactivate bacteria and fungi present in the seed pods.

  In order to achieve the above object, a seed sterilization method according to claim 1 of the present invention generates acid electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water by electrolyzing deep ocean water, ocean surface water or water containing an electrolyte. Immersing seed pods in heated acidic electrolyzed water and heated alkaline electrolyzed water in which the acidic electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water are heated to 50 ° C. to 60 ° C. for 10 minutes to 1 hour, respectively, It is characterized by killing or inactivating fungi.

  The seed sterilization method according to claim 2 of the present invention is the method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heated acidic electrolyzed water and the heated alkaline electrolyzed water is maintained at 55 ° C., and the soaking time of the seed potato is 15 minutes each. It is characterized by that.

  The seed sterilization method according to claim 3 of the present invention is the method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heated acidic electrolyzed water and the heated alkaline electrolyzed water is kept at 60 ° C., and the soaking time of the seed pod is 10 minutes each. It is characterized by this.

  The seed sterilization method according to claim 4 of the present invention is the method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heated acidic electrolyzed water and the heated alkaline electrolyzed water is kept at 50 ° C., and the soaking time of the seed pod is set to 1 hour each. It is characterized by this.

  Furthermore, the seed sterilization method according to claim 5 of the present invention is the method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water containing deep ocean water, ocean surface water or electrolyte is heated to about 15 ° C to 20 ° C. And electrolysis.

  According to the seed sterilization method of the present invention, the acidic electrolyzed water and the alkaline electrolyzed water are heated and maintained at 50 ° C. to 60 ° C., and the soot seeds are added to the heated acidic electrolyzed water and the heated alkaline electrolyzed water for 10 minutes, respectively. By soaking for 1 hour, the effect of killing or inactivating bacteria and fungi present in the seed pod is obtained.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an apparatus for carrying out the seed sterilization method according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an electrolyzed water generator, which generates acidic electrolyzed water on the anode side and alkaline electrolyzed water on the cathode side by electrolyzing deep ocean water. Reference numeral 2 denotes a soaking tank. The soaking tank 2 is supplied with heated acidic electrolyzed water obtained by heating the acidic electrolyzed water from the electrolyzed water generating device 1 by the warming device 3, and the seed water is filled to a required water level. 4 is immersed. Next, the heated acidic electrolyzed water in the soaking tank 2 is discharged, and the warmed alkaline electrolyzed water heated by the warming device 3 with the alkaline electrolyzed water from the electrolyzed water generating device 1 is filled up to a predetermined water level. The soot seeds after soaking in warm acidic electrolyzed water are soaked in warm alkaline electrolyzed water. The seed pods sterilized by soaking in warm acidic electrolyzed water and warm alkaline electrolyzed water in this manner are washed and cooled as necessary, and then soaked, germinated, sown and seeded.

  As shown in FIG. 2, if the immersion tank 2 is composed of two acidic electrolytic water tanks 2a and 2b, an alkaline electrolytic water in the acidic electrolytic water tank 2a and an alkaline electrolytic water in the alkaline electrolytic water tank 2b are basically not required to be exchanged. Therefore, it is possible to save acid electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water.

  According to the method for disinfecting seed potatoes according to the present invention, the acidic electrolyzed water generated by the electrolyzed water generator 1 and the alkaline electrolyzed water are heated to 50 ° C. to 60 ° C. by the warmer 3 and heated. The seed pods are immersed in the seed bath 2 as warm alkaline electrolyzed water, so if the seed pods are immersed in warm acidic electrolyzed water and warm alkaline electrolyzed water for 10 minutes to 1 hour respectively, the bacteria and fungi present in the seed pods are completely removed. Can be killed or inactivated. The water to be electrolyzed may be deep ocean water, ocean surface water or water containing electrolytes, but it has been confirmed by experiments by the present inventors that the use of deep ocean water has a high disinfection effect on seed pods. .

  When the temperature of the heated acidic electrolyzed water and the heated alkaline electrolyzed water is kept at 55 ° C., the bacteria and fungi present in the seed pods are completely killed or inactivated for 15 minutes each. In addition, since the soaking time is extremely short, the germination rate of the seed pod is hardly reduced. For this reason, it is most preferable that the seed sterilization method according to the present invention is carried out under these conditions.

  In addition, when the temperature of the heated acidic electrolyzed water and the heated alkaline electrolyzed water is kept at 60 ° C., the soaking time of the seed potato is preferably 10 minutes each, and the warmed acidic electrolyzed water and the warmed alkaline electrolyzed water are preferred. When the temperature is maintained at 50 ° C., it is appropriate that the soaking time of the seed potatoes is 1 hour each.

  In the seed sterilization method according to the present invention, the electrolyzed water generating apparatus 1 can electrolyze the deep ocean water, the ocean surface water, or water containing an electrolyte by heating to about 15 ° C. to 20 ° C. According to this means, the electrolysis efficiency of water is improved, and acidic electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water having relatively high temperatures can be obtained. Therefore, the heating device 3 can be simplified correspondingly, which is preferable. is there.

  According to the test study of the present inventors, killing and inactivation effects due to immersion in alkaline electrolyzed water are prominent for pathogenic bacteria of seed pods, such as bacterial seedling bacteriomycetes and rice bran bacteriomycosis, It has been confirmed that killing and inactivation effects by immersion in acidic electrolyzed water are remarkable for the brown streak fungus of bacteria, the idiotic fungus fungus and the blast fungus of fungi. And as mentioned above, coupled with the fact that acidic electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water by electrolysis of deep ocean water have a high disinfection effect on seed potatoes, the temperature of warmed acidic electrolyzed water and warmed alkaline electrolyzed water is compared. As described above, it is sufficient to set the soaking time as short as 15 minutes even if the low 55 ° C. is set.

  Next, Table 1 to Table 5 show the test results of the seed sterilization method according to the present invention. Here, the deep alkaline water is alkaline electrolyzed water having a pH of about 10.0 to 11.0 obtained by electrolyzing deep sea water, and the pH is 4.0 to 4.4 similarly to the deep acidic water. It is about 5 acidic electrolyzed water. Surface alkaline water and surface acidic water are obtained by treating marine surface water in the same manner. The seed pod used in the test is “Koshihikari” produced in Toyama Prefecture in 2002, the germination rate is the result on the fourth day after the start of the germination test, and the germination rate is the result on the seventh day.

  As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, the soaking treatment of seed pods with deep alkaline water provides an extremely high disinfection effect against seedling bacterial diseases and bacterial bacterial diseases (Examples 1 and 3). ). In the case of surface alkaline water, the effect is slightly lower than that of deep alkaline water, but a sufficiently high disinfection effect is recognized (Examples 2 and 4).

  Moreover, as is clear from Table 3, according to the soaking treatment of seed pods with deep acidic water, a high disinfection effect against brown stripe disease can be obtained (Example 5). In the case of surface acid water, the effect is slightly lower than that of deep acid water, but a sufficiently high disinfection effect is observed (Example 6).

  Moreover, as is clear from Table 4, according to the soaking treatment of seed pods with deep acidic water, a high control effect against idiot seedling disease can be obtained (Example 7). In the case of surface acid water, the effect is slightly lower than that of deep acid water, but a sufficiently high disinfection effect is observed (Example 8). As for rice blast disease, both deep-layer acidic water and surface-layer acidic water show almost the same results as idiot seedling disease.

  On the other hand, in the hot water immersion treatment of tap water, as is apparent from Tables 1 to 4, a sufficient disinfection effect is not observed at temperatures of 50 ° C. and 55 ° C., but by immersion treatment at 60 ° C. for 10 minutes. A relatively high disinfection effect is obtained (Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 4). And as is apparent from Table 5, the hot water immersion treatment of tap water is a half treatment time of the deep acidic water / alkaline water or the surface acidic water / alkaline water immersion treatment with a single hot water hot water treatment. Regardless, it was recognized that the germination rate decreased to 83.0 (%) and the germination rate to 83.1 (%) by immersion treatment at 60 ° C. for 10 minutes (Comparative Example 5).

  As is clear from Tables 1 to 4, the immersion treatment of acidic water and alkaline water can provide a sufficiently high disinfection effect in either deep water or superficial water. When the immersion treatment of water and alkaline water is performed, improvement in germination vigor and germination rate is observed (Example 9 and Example 10 in Table 5). And, keeping acidic water and alkaline water by deep layer water at 55 ° C. and soaking time for 15 minutes each (total 30 minutes) has high disinfection effect of seed pods, and both germination rate and germination rate of seed pods are impaired. Therefore, it is most preferable to use this condition as an embodiment of the present invention.

  According to the method for disinfecting seed potatoes according to the present invention, the soaking time may be as short as 15 minutes even when the temperature of the heated acidic electrolyzed water and the warmed alkaline electrolyzed water by the deep sea water is relatively low 55 ° C. It is safe against seed potatoes, has excellent workability, and consumes low energy. Therefore, development for the future is highly expected from the viewpoint of reducing the environmental burden of rice farming and ensuring food safety.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of the apparatus which implements the seed sterilization method concerning this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the other example of the apparatus which implements the seed sterilization method which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrolyzed water production | generation apparatus 2 Immersion seed tank 2a Acidic electrolyzed water tank 2b Alkaline electrolyzed water tank 3 Heating apparatus 4 Seed tank

Claims (5)

  Electrolysis of deep ocean water, ocean surface water, or water containing electrolyte to produce acidic electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water, and heating the generated acidic electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water to 50 ° C to 60 ° C A method for disinfecting seed pods, comprising immersing seed pods in acidic electrolyzed water and warm alkaline electrolyzed water for 10 minutes to 1 hour, respectively, to kill or inactivate bacteria and fungi present in the seed pods.   The method for disinfecting seed potatoes according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heated acidic electrolyzed water and the heated alkaline electrolyzed water is maintained at 55 ° C, and the soaking time of the seed potatoes is 15 minutes each.   The method for disinfecting seed potatoes according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heated acidic electrolyzed water and the heated alkaline electrolyzed water is maintained at 60 ° C, and the soaking time of the seed potatoes is 10 minutes each.   The method for disinfecting seed potatoes according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heated acidic electrolyzed water and the heated alkaline electrolyzed water is kept at 50 ° C, and the soaking time of the seed potatoes is 1 hour each.   The method for disinfecting seed pods according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water containing the deep ocean water, the ocean surface water or the electrolyte is heated to about 15 ° C to 20 ° C for electrolysis.

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