JP3839900B2 - Method of applying medicine to blood collection tube and applicator - Google Patents

Description

【００５２】
表１から明らかなように、エアーレススプレーを用いた比較例１，２では、水滴の流下が生じていたのに対し、実施例１〜３では、水滴の流下がみられず、従って室温で１時間放置した後でも水滴が採血管の内壁のほぼ全体にわたりそのまま付着し続けていることがわかる。
【００５３】
また、比較例１〜３では、最大粒径が１．０ｍｍと大きいのに対し、実施例１〜３では、最大粒径が０．８ｍｍ以下であり、従って微小な水滴が分散して付着していることがわかる。
【００５４】
（実施例４）
実施例１と同様にして、採血管の内壁に薬液を付着させた。但し、スプレーノズルとして、図５に示したようにワイヤー１１が内管２の周囲に巻回されたものを用いた。すなわち、内管２の周囲に径３ｍｍのステンレスよりなるワイヤー１１を内管２の先端から５ｍｍ後退した位置から３０ｍｍの長さにわたり４周巻回させたものを用い、かつ外管３の内径Ｄ１と内管２の外径ｄ１との差ΔＤがＤ１の５０％とされているものを用いた。
【００５５】
（実施例５）
実施例２と同様にして薬液を採血管の内壁に付着させた。但し、スプレーノズルについては、実施例４で用いたものを用いた。
【００５６】
（実施例６）
実施例１と同様にして採血管の内壁に薬液を付着させた。但し、スプレーノズルとしては、図６（ａ）及び（ｂ）に示したように、内管２の周囲に内管と同一径の６本の管１２を配置し、ΔＤをＤ１の５０％としたものを用いた。
【００５７】
（実施例７）
実施例２と同様にして薬液を採血管の内壁に付着させた。但し、スプレーノズルについては、実施例６で用いたものを使用した。
【００５８】
実施例４〜７に従って薬液を付着された採血管について、１時間放置後の水滴の流下本数及び最大粒径を観測した。結果を下記の表２に示す。なお、流下本数とは、付着されている薬剤の水滴のうち大きな水滴が管壁を伝わって流れ落ち、管底部に集まった数をいうものとする。また、比較のために、上記実施例１，２の結果についても、下記の表２に併せて示す。
【００５９】
【表２】

【００６０】
表２から明らかなように、実施例４〜７では、流下本数が０であり、最大粒径も０．４ｍｍ以下であり、実施例１，２に比べてさらに良好な採血管の得られることがわかる。
【００６１】
（実施例８）
表面がフッ化エチレン樹脂で１０μｍの厚みにコーティングされたスプレーノズルを有する気液外部混合型スプレーを用い、実施例１で用意した採血管の内壁面にＥＤＴＡの二カリウム塩の１２ｗ／ｗ％水溶液３０μｌを３時間連続して噴霧した。
【００６２】
（実施例９）
薬液として、ＥＤＴＡの二カリウム塩及びフッ化ナトリウムの混合水溶液４５μｌ（但し、ＥＤＴＡの二カリウム塩濃度は８ｗ／ｗ％、フッ化ナトリウムの濃度が５ｗ／ｗ％）を用いたことを除いては、実施例８と同様とした。
【００６３】
（実施例１０）
フッ化エチレン樹脂に代えて、シリコン樹脂を１０μｍの厚みにコーティングしたスプレーノズルを用いたことを除いては、実施例８と同様とした。
【００６４】
（実施例１１）
フッ化エチレン樹脂に代えて、シリコン樹脂を１０μｍの厚みにコーティングしたスプレーノズルを用いたことを除いては、実施例９と同様とした。
【００６５】
実施例８〜１１における薬液の噴霧状態を観察し、薬液が３時間後に結晶化している場合には、その結晶化している薬剤の重量を測定した。また、採血管の内壁面への塗布状態についても目視により観察し、水滴の大きさがどの範囲にあるか否かを測定した。結果を表３及び表４に示す。
【００６６】
なお、表３及び表４においては、比較のために、実施例１，２と同様にして、但し、噴霧時間を３時間とした場合の結果も併せて示す。
【００６７】
【表３】

【００６８】
【表４】

【００６９】
表３及び表４から明らかなように、実施例８〜１１では、３時間噴霧して付着した場合でも、薬液の流下がほとんど見られないためか、薬剤の結晶が見られなかった。また、付着した薬剤の水滴の大きさについても、０．４ｍｍ以下と微小径であることがわかる。従って、実施例１，２に比べて、より一層微小粒径の水滴を採血管の内壁に確実に付着させ得ることがわかる。
【００７０】
【発明の効果】
請求項１に記載の発明によれば、採血管の内壁に薬剤の水溶液もしくは水分散液を付着させるにあたり、気液外部混合型スプレーを用いて薬剤の水溶液もしくは水分散液を噴霧するものであるため、薬剤の水溶液もしくは水分散液が均一かつ微小粒径の水滴として採血管の内壁面のほぼ全体に確実に付着させることができ、薬剤の管底部への流下が生じ難い。従って、採取した血液を採血管内に導いた場合に、所望でない溶血現象等を確実に抑制することができ、転倒混和等の煩雑な攪拌作業を省略することができる。
【００７１】
従って、請求項１に記載の発明に係る採血管を用いることにより、多数の検体を取り扱う大病院や大検査センターにおける血液検査の作業性を高めることが可能となると共に、迅速性を要求される検査にも容易に対応することができる。
【００７２】
また、スプレーノズルが疎水性物質でコーティングされていると、薬剤の水滴がノズルの内管や外管の表面に付着し難いため、ノズル表面における薬剤の結晶化に起因する目詰まりが生じ難い。従って、長時間にわたり多数の採血管に薬剤の水溶液もしくは水分散液を噴霧した場合であっても、スプレーノズルの洗浄をさほど行う必要がないため、生産効率を高めることが可能となる。
また、ノズル先端に薬剤の結晶が生じ難いため、より一層均一な大きさの水滴を採血管の内壁面に付着させることができる。
【００７３】
さらに、請求項１に記載の発明によれば、外管の内壁と内管の外壁との間の距離が、上記スプレーノズルの外管の内径Ｄ１と内管の外径ｄ１との差ΔＤの２５〜７５％の範囲とされているので、内管の外管に対する偏心が生じ難く、従って、より均一な粒径の水滴として薬剤の水溶液もしくは水分散液を採血管の内壁面に付着させることができ、水滴の採血管における流下を効果的に抑制することができる。
【００７４】
また、請求項１に記載の発明の塗布具を用いることにより、内管の外管に対する偏心が生じ難く、従って、より均一な粒径の水滴として薬剤の水溶液もしくは水分散液を採血管の内壁面に付着させることができ、水滴の採血管における流下を効果的に抑制することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】（ａ）及び（ｂ）は、本発明の採血管への薬剤塗布方法で用いられるスプレーノズルを説明するための側面図及び（ａ）のＢ−Ｂ線に沿う断面図。
【図２】本発明の採血管への薬剤塗布方法で用いられる気液外部混合型スプレーノズルを説明するための概略構成図。
【図３】（ａ）及び（ｂ）は、それぞれ、本発明においてスプレーノズルを採血管内に挿入し、薬剤の水溶液もしくは水分散液を噴霧する工程を説明するための各模式的断面図。
【図４】請求項１に記載の発明における内管の外径と外管の内径との関係を説明するための横断面図。
【図５】本発明において用いられるスプレーノズルにおいて内管の周囲にワイヤーを巻回した構造を説明するための部分切欠断面図。
【図６】（ａ）及び（ｂ）は、本発明において内管の外管に対する偏心を抑制するために複数本の管を用いた例を説明するための側面図及びＢ−Ｂ線に沿う断面図。
【図７】（ａ）及び（ｂ）は、本発明において内管を外管に対して偏心させないための他の構造例を説明するための各横断面図。
【符号の説明】
１…スプレーノズル
２…内管
３…外管
Ｄ１…外管の内径
ｄ１…内管の外径
ｄ２…外管の内壁と内管の外壁との距離
ΔＤ…外管の内径と内管の外径との差[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of applying a drug such as an anticoagulant to the inner wall surface of a blood collection tube, and more specifically, an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug is adhered to the inner wall surface of the blood collection tube in the form of water droplets having a uniform and fine particle size. The present invention relates to a method and an applicator for applying a drug to a blood collection tube.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The blood collection tube has a bottomed cylindrical tube made of glass or plastic and a stopper made of rubber or plastic for sealing the opening of the tube. Conventionally, in blood collection tubes, drugs such as anticoagulants and antiglycolytic agents have been housed in the bottom of the tube in the form of powder, granules or aqueous solutions, depending on the purpose of the examination.
[0003]
However, since the medicine is stored at the bottom of the tube, when the collected blood is guided into the blood collection tube, the blood is only partially in contact with the medicine in the initial state. For this reason, it takes time to dissolve the drug, or the concentration of the drug locally increases, which may cause an undesirable phenomenon such as hemolysis. Therefore, after blood collection, it was indispensable to quickly invert and mix the blood collection tube and completely and uniformly dissolve the drug in the blood.
[0004]
However, in large hospitals and large examination centers, the above work is very complicated because many samples are processed. In addition, in the inspection that must be performed quickly, if the above operation is performed, the inspection may not be performed accurately.
[0005]
In order to solve the above problems, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-167140 discloses that an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of a medicine is sprayed on almost the entire inner wall surface of a blood collection tube using an airless spray. A method for applying a drug to a blood collection tube is disclosed. Here, since an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug is sprayed on almost the entire inner wall surface of the blood collection tube using an airless spray, the aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug is in the form of water droplets with a fine particle size. It is said that it adheres to almost the entire inner wall surface, and the contact area between the introduced blood and the drug is large, and the drug dissolves quickly, so that the complicated work described above can be omitted.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the method for applying a medicine to a blood collection tube described in the above prior art, the airless spray is used, so there is a variation in the area of the attached water droplet medicine, and a water droplet medicine with a large particle size flows down. However, when the collected blood is led to the bottom of the blood collection tube and the collected blood is guided, the concentration of the drug may be locally high.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to eliminate a drawback of the prior art described above, and to a blood collection tube that can reliably attach an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of a drug as a large number of water droplets of a uniform fine particle diameter to almost the entire inner wall surface of the blood collection tube. It is in providing the chemical | medical agent application method and applicator.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[0010]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air pipe having an outer tube and an inner tube so that an aqueous solution or water dispersion of a drug is attached in the form of a large number of water droplets having a uniform fine particle diameter on almost the entire inner wall surface of the blood collection tube. When a spray nozzle having a liquid double pipe structure is provided, the inner diameter of the outer tube of the spray nozzle is D1, the outer diameter of the inner tube is d1, and the distance between the inner wall of the outer tube and the outer wall of the inner tube is d2. Is a range of 25 to 75% of the difference ΔD between the inner diameter D1 of the outer tube and the outer diameter d1 of the inner tube.
[0011]
In the method for applying a medicine to a blood collection tube according to the present invention, an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the medicine is attached to almost the entire inner wall surface of the blood collection tube so as to form a large number of water droplets having a uniform fine particle diameter. In this case, the blood collection tube to be used is not particularly limited, but a blood collection tube made of a hydrophobic material is used to attach an aqueous solution or dispersion of the drug in the form of water droplets having a uniform fine particle size. Is preferred. Examples of such a hydrophobic material include synthetic resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, and acrylic butadiene styrene copolymer.
[0012]
In addition, as the tube of the blood collection tube, the inner surface of a blood collection tube made of a material other than glass or the synthetic resin may be coated with the synthetic resin. Instead of the synthetic resin, a liquid repellent material such as liquid silicon may be used. What processed the inner surface using the liquid agent may be used.
[0013]
In addition, the drug used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has water solubility or water dispersibility. For example, 5-60 w / w% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (hereinafter, EDTA) metal salt aqueous solution, 0.1-2 w / w% heparin salt aqueous solution, oxalate, citrate and other anticoagulants; 5-30 w / w% monohalogenated acetic acid or metal salt aqueous solution thereof, 2-30 w / w% fluoride Examples include glycolysis inhibitors such as aqueous solutions, D-mannose and citric acid, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0014]
Furthermore, instead of the anticoagulant, a coagulation accelerator such as an aqueous dispersion of 0.05 to 1.0 w / w% silica or an aqueous solution of 0.1 to 2.0 w / w% thrombin may be used.
Furthermore, in the present invention, a serum separating agent or the like may be used in combination with the above drug.
The blood collection tube to which the drug is applied according to the present invention may be a so-called vacuum blood collection tube in addition to the blood collection tube used at normal pressure.
[0015]
In the present invention, an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug is adhered to the inner wall surface of the blood collection tube using a gas-liquid external mixing spray so as to form water droplets having a uniform fine particle size. The structure of the gas-liquid external mixing spray will be described with reference to FIGS. The illustrated gas / liquid external mixing spray is an example of the gas / liquid external mixing spray that can be used in the present invention, and the gas / liquid external mixing spray used in the present invention is not limited to the illustrated one. Absent.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 2, the gas / liquid external mixing spray has a spray nozzle 1 having a gas / liquid double tube structure having an outer tube and an inner tube. As shown in FIG. 1, the spray nozzle 1 has an inner tube 2 through which an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of a drug passes and an outer tube 3 that is extrapolated to the inner tube 2. A gas for spraying the aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug is configured to pass between the outer surface of the inner tube 2 and the inner surface of the outer tube 3.
[0017]
The inner tube and the outer tube can be made of an appropriate material such as stainless steel or brass-plated iron. Further, the distal end 2 a of the inner tube 2 is slightly protruded from the distal end 3 a of the outer tube 3. Although the amount of protrusion varies depending on the size of the blood collection tube to be used, it is usually about 0.1 mm to 4.0 mm, but it is not necessarily required to protrude.
[0018]
Further, on the base end side of the spray nozzle 1, a liquid inlet 1a and a gas inlet 1b provided on a surface different from the liquid inlet 1a are provided. The liquid inlet 1a is in communication with the inner tube 2 and the gas inlet 1b is in communication with the outer tube 3, provided that gas does not enter the inner tube 2.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid inlet 1 a of the spray nozzle 1 is connected to a chemical tank 5 through a pump 4. On the other hand, the gas inlet 1 b is connected to the compressor 9 via a pressure gauge 6, a pressure reducing valve 7, and a filter 8.
[0020]
The aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the medicine stored in the chemical tank 5 is fed by the pump 4 and fed into the inner tube 2 from the liquid inlet 1a. On the other hand, the compressed gas compressed by the compressor 9 is supplied to the gas inlet 1 b via the filter 8, the pressure reducing valve 7 and the pressure gauge 6, and is discharged into the space between the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 3. In this case, the filter 8 is provided to remove foreign substances in the supplied gas. The filter 8 can be constituted by an appropriate air filter or the like.
[0021]
The pressure reducing valve 7 is provided for adjusting the pressure of the gas supplied between the outer tube 3 and the inner tube 2, and the pressure gauge 6 is provided for checking the pressure of the supplied gas. Yes.
[0022]
As the gas, air can be used, but other gases such as nitrogen may be used as long as they do not affect the aqueous solution or dispersion of the drug.
The pressure of the gas supplied to the gas inlet 1b of the spray nozzle 1 varies depending on the viscosity of the aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug, but is preferably 0.5 to 4.0. Outside this range, it may be difficult to attach the aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug to the inner wall surface of the blood collection tube in the form of a large number of uniform and minute water droplets.
[0023]
The amount of drug sprayed from the spray nozzle 1 per one blood collection tube is also preferably 20 to 30 μl. If the amount is less than this range, it may be difficult to uniformly attach the aqueous solution or dispersion of the drug in the form of water droplets to almost the entire inner wall surface of the blood collection tube. Aqueous solutions or aqueous dispersions of chemicals may coalesce into large water droplets and flow down to the bottom of the tube.
[0024]
In addition, regarding the particle diameter of water droplets having a uniform fine particle diameter in an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of a drug, it is preferable that the particle diameter of the largest water droplet among a large number of water droplets is 0.5 to 1 mm. Outside this range, water droplets may flow down to the bottom of the tube.
[0025]
Preferably On The outer tube and the inner tube of the spray nozzle 1 are coated with a hydrophobic substance. By coating the inner and outer tubes with a hydrophobic material, the separation of the drug from the inner or outer tube surface of the nozzle can be ensured, and therefore the adhesion of drug crystals to the nozzle is suppressed. It is possible to prevent clogging of the nozzle, and it is possible to adhere an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of a drug over almost the entire inner wall surface of the blood collection tube as many more uniform and minute water droplets.
[0026]
The hydrophobic substance is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a fluorinated ethylene resin and a hydrophobic silicon resin.
Moreover, after coating each component which comprises the spray nozzle 1, you may assemble a spray nozzle, or you may assemble after coating only an inner tube | pipe and an outer tube | pipe with a hydrophobic substance. Furthermore, the specific method of coating is not particularly limited.
[0027]
The coating thickness of the hydrophobic substance is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1 to 20 μm. If the thickness is less than 1 μm, the effect of coating the hydrophobic substance may not be sufficiently obtained. If the thickness exceeds 20 μm, the effect of facilitating separation from the surface of the aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug by the coating of the hydrophobic substance. There is a possibility that the gas will not be raised any more, and the way the gas is blown out will be biased.
[0028]
When the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 3 are coated with a hydrophobic substance, it is not always necessary to coat the entire surface, and at least the outer surface of the inner tube 2 and the inner surface of the outer tube 3 may be coated. Moreover, it is not always necessary to coat the entire outer surface of the inner tube 2 and the inner surface of the outer tube 3, and the aqueous solution of the drug only has to be coated to a portion within 10 mm from the tips 2a and 3a. Alternatively, separation of the aqueous dispersion from the spray nozzle 1 can be facilitated, whereby the adhesion of drug crystals to the nozzle can be suppressed, and minute and uniform water droplets can be reliably ensured on the inner wall surface of the blood collection tube. Can be attached to.
[0029]
Further, in use, in the spray nozzle 1, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 3 are inserted into the blood collection tube 10, and in this state, an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug and gas Are ejected at the same time. In this case, from the start of spraying, the spray nozzle 1 is gradually raised as shown by the arrow in FIG. 3B, and a water droplet of the aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug is applied over almost the entire inner wall surface 10a of the blood collection tube 10. To be attached.
Although the said spraying time changes also with the capacity | capacitances of the blood collection tube 10, it is normally made into about 0.5 to 2.0 second.
[0030]
Ma The In the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 3 of the pre-nozzle 1, as shown in FIG. 4, when the inner diameter of the outer tube 3 is D1 and the outer diameter of the inner tube 2 is d1, the inner wall and inner tube of the outer tube 3 The distance d2 between the two outer walls is in the range of 25 to 75%, more preferably 40 to 60% of D1 to d1 = ΔD.
[0031]
In the gas-liquid external mixing type spray, since the tip 2a of the inner tube 2 is a free end, when the aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the medicine is sprayed, it is decentered on the tip 2a side of the inner tube 2 and gas There is a risk that the method of jetting out will be biased. When such a bias occurs, the size of the water droplets attached by spraying the aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug varies, and water droplets having a large particle size may flow down the tube wall and collect at the bottom of the tube. is there. Claim 1 In the invention described in (4), since d2 is set to 25 to 75% of ΔD, it is difficult to cause a bias in the gas ejection method, and it is possible to suppress variations in the water droplets of the aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug. The
[0032]
When d2 is less than 25% and more than 75% of ΔD, that is, when the inner tube 2 is eccentric, the shortest distance d2 (see FIG. 4) from the inner wall of the outer tube 3 becomes small, and therefore the inner tube 2 is not sprayed. It may be difficult to make contact with the outer tube 3 and to attach uniform and fine water droplets to almost the entire inner wall surface of the blood collection tube.
[0033]
More preferably, as shown in FIG. 5, the wire 11 is spirally wound around the outer surface of the inner tube 2 toward the distal end side as an eccentricity suppressing means. In this case, the wire 11 is disposed in a space between the outer surface of the inner tube 2 and the inner surface of the outer tube 3, and the gas is uniformly ejected. The aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug can be sprayed more effectively as fine and uniform water droplets.
[0034]
The wire 11 is wound so as to be rotated 3 to 5 times over a length of 30 mm or more from the position retracted 5 mm from the tip 2 a of the inner tube 2 toward the upper part.
Moreover, about the diameter of the wire 11, although it does not specifically limit, Preferably, the thing of the diameter of 40 to 50% of said (DELTA) D is used. If it exceeds 50%, it may not be able to be wound in the space between the outer surface of the inner tube 2 and the inner surface of the outer tube 3, and if it is less than 40%, the above-mentioned effect due to the winding of the wire 11 is sufficient. This is because it may not be obtained.
[0035]
As long as the wire 11 is fixed to the outer surface of the inner tube 2, the fixing method is not particularly limited. However, when the wire 11 is made of a metal material, the wire 11 may be fixed by soldering or welding. Good.
[0036]
As the material constituting the wire 11, an appropriate material such as stainless steel or brass-plated iron can be used, and among these, it is desirable to use stainless steel having excellent rust prevention properties.
The wire 11 may be fixed only at both ends, or may be fixed at one or more locations between both ends and both ends.
[0037]
In order to suppress the eccentricity of the inner tube 2 during spraying, in addition to the method using the wire 11, a plurality of wires are provided between the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 3 as shown in FIGS. The tube 12 may be arranged. In this case, since the plurality of tubes 12 are provided to suppress the eccentricity of the inner tube 2 in the outer tube 3, they contact the outer surface of the inner tube 2 and the inner surface of the outer tube 3. As long as it is obtained, the diameter and number thereof are not particularly limited as long as eccentricity can be suppressed. As shown in FIG. 6B, when six pipes 12 are used, the pipe 12 having the same diameter as that of the inner pipe 2 is used to connect the inner pipe 2 to the outer pipe 3 as shown. It can be reliably located in the center of the inside.
[0038]
In addition, since the tube 12 is provided to suppress the eccentricity of the inner tube 2 in the outer tube 3, the length of the tube 12 is not necessarily required to cover the entire length of the inner tube 2 or the outer tube 3. The length of 3 may be between 10 and 100%. Further, the plurality of tubes 12 may be arranged at a plurality of locations in the length direction of the outer tube 3.
[0039]
The tube 12 may be fixed to either the outer surface of the inner tube 2 or the inner surface of the outer tube 3, and the fixing method is arbitrary such as soldering or welding.
Further, a solid bar-like member may be used instead of the tube 12.
[0040]
Further, instead of the tube 12, as shown in FIG. 7A, for example, an anti-swing material 13 made of ethylene fluoride resin or the like is interposed between the outer surface of the inner tube 2 and the inner surface of the outer tube 3. You may arrange. Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, a support column 14 made of stainless steel or the like may be provided between the outer surface of the inner tube 2 and the inner surface of the outer tube 3.
[0041]
The swing prevention member 13 and the support column 14 as the eccentricity suppressing means do not necessarily need to cover the entire length of the outer tube 3, and may have an appropriate length within a range of 10 to 100% of the length of the outer tube 3. That's fine. Further, the anti-swaying member 13 and the column 14 can be fixed by an appropriate method such as soldering welding or adhesion.
[0042]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be clarified by describing examples of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the following examples.
[0043]
Example 1
Prepare a blood collection tube consisting of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) tube having an inner diameter of 10 mm and a total length of 75 mm and a plug made of butyl rubber, and dipotassium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (hereinafter EDTA) 12 w in the blood collection tube. 30 μl of a / w% aqueous solution was sprayed using a gas-liquid external mixing spray, and adhered to almost the entire inner wall surface of the blood collection tube as a large number of water droplets having a uniform fine particle size. Thereafter, a stopper was attached and the blood collection tube was left at room temperature for 1 hour.
[0044]
(Example 2)
In Example 1, instead of 30 μl of 12 w / w aqueous solution of dipotassium salt of EDTA, 45 μl of a mixed aqueous solution of dipotassium salt of EDTA and sodium fluoride (concentration of dipotassium salt of EDTA is 8 w / w%, sodium fluoride) Except that the concentration of 5 w / w%) was used, the drug solution was attached to almost the entire inner wall surface of the blood collection tube in the same manner as in Example 1, and the plug was closed using a plug and left at room temperature for 1 hour. did.
[0045]
Example 3
The procedure was the same as Example 1 except that 20 μl of a 10 w / w% sodium salt of heparin was used as the chemical solution.
[0046]
(Comparative Example 1)
A chemical solution was attached to the blood collection tube in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was sprayed using an airless spray, and the tube was closed and allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 hour.
[0047]
(Comparative Example 2)
Except for spraying using an airless type spray, the chemical solution was attached to the blood collection tube in the same manner as in Example 2, and the tube was closed and allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 hour.
[0048]
(Comparative Example 3)
Except for spraying using an airless spray, the drug solution was attached to the blood collection tube in the same manner as in Example 3, and the tube was stoppered and allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 hour.
[0049]
In Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the state of the inner surface of the blood collection tube after being allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 hour was observed to evaluate the flowability of water droplets and the maximum particle size. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0050]
In addition, the flow-down in Table 1 shows the result of visually observing the presence or absence of a state in which water droplets attached by spraying are flowing toward the bottom of the tube. Further, the maximum particle size indicates the maximum diameter of the largest water droplet among the attached water droplets.
[0051]
[Table 1]

[0052]
As is apparent from Table 1, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 using an airless spray, water droplets flowed down, whereas in Examples 1 to 3, no water droplets flowed, and therefore at room temperature. It can be seen that water droplets continue to adhere to almost the entire inner wall of the blood collection tube even after being left for 1 hour.
[0053]
Further, in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the maximum particle size is as large as 1.0 mm, whereas in Examples 1 to 3, the maximum particle size is 0.8 mm or less, so that minute water droplets are dispersed and adhered. You can see that
[0054]
Example 4
In the same manner as in Example 1, a chemical solution was attached to the inner wall of the blood collection tube. However, a spray nozzle in which the wire 11 was wound around the inner tube 2 as shown in FIG. 5 was used. That is, a wire 11 made of stainless steel having a diameter of 3 mm is wound around the inner tube 2 four times over a length of 30 mm from a position retracted 5 mm from the tip of the inner tube 2, and the inner diameter D1 of the outer tube 3 is used. And a difference ΔD between the outer diameter d1 of the inner tube 2 and 50% of D1 was used.
[0055]
(Example 5)
In the same manner as in Example 2, the chemical solution was attached to the inner wall of the blood collection tube. However, the spray nozzle used in Example 4 was used.
[0056]
(Example 6)
In the same manner as in Example 1, a chemical solution was attached to the inner wall of the blood collection tube. However, as the spray nozzle, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, six pipes 12 having the same diameter as the inner pipe are arranged around the inner pipe 2, and ΔD is 50% of D1. What was done was used.
[0057]
(Example 7)
In the same manner as in Example 2, the chemical solution was attached to the inner wall of the blood collection tube. However, the spray nozzle used in Example 6 was used.
[0058]
For the blood collection tube to which the chemical solution was attached according to Examples 4 to 7, the number of water droplets flowing down and the maximum particle size after being left for 1 hour were observed. The results are shown in Table 2 below. In addition, the number of flowing down means the number of large water droplets that have flowed down along the tube wall and collected at the bottom of the tube. For comparison, the results of Examples 1 and 2 are also shown in Table 2 below.
[0059]
[Table 2]

[0060]
As is clear from Table 2, in Examples 4 to 7, the number of flow-downs was 0, the maximum particle size was 0.4 mm or less, and a better blood collection tube than in Examples 1 and 2 was obtained. I understand.
[0061]
(Example 8)
A 12 w / w aqueous solution of dipotassium salt of EDTA is used on the inner wall surface of the blood collection tube prepared in Example 1 using a gas-liquid external mixing type spray having a spray nozzle coated on the surface with a fluoroethylene resin to a thickness of 10 μm. 30 μl was sprayed continuously for 3 hours.
[0062]
Example 9
Except for using 45 μl of EDTA dipotassium salt and sodium fluoride mixed solution as a chemical solution (however, EDTA dipotassium salt concentration is 8 w / w%, sodium fluoride concentration is 5 w / w%). The same as in Example 8.
[0063]
(Example 10)
The same procedure as in Example 8 was performed except that a spray nozzle coated with a silicon resin with a thickness of 10 μm was used instead of the fluoroethylene resin.
[0064]
(Example 11)
Example 9 was the same as Example 9 except that a spray nozzle coated with a silicon resin with a thickness of 10 μm was used instead of the fluoroethylene resin.
[0065]
The spray state of the chemical solution in Examples 8 to 11 was observed, and when the chemical solution was crystallized after 3 hours, the weight of the crystallized drug was measured. In addition, the state of application to the inner wall surface of the blood collection tube was also observed visually to determine in which range the size of the water droplet was. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
[0066]
In Tables 3 and 4, for comparison, the results in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2 except that the spraying time is 3 hours are also shown.
[0067]
[Table 3]

[0068]
[Table 4]

[0069]
As is apparent from Tables 3 and 4, in Examples 8 to 11, even when sprayed for 3 hours and adhered, no chemical crystals were observed, probably because the drug solution hardly flowed down. Also, it can be seen that the size of the water droplets of the attached medicine is as small as 0.4 mm or less. Therefore, it can be seen that water droplets with a finer particle diameter can be more reliably attached to the inner wall of the blood collection tube than in Examples 1 and 2.
[0070]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the drug aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion is attached to the inner wall of the blood collection tube, the drug aqueous solution or water dispersion is sprayed using a gas-liquid external mixing spray. Therefore, the aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug can be reliably attached to almost the entire inner wall surface of the blood collection tube as water droplets having a uniform and fine particle diameter, and the drug does not easily flow down to the tube bottom. Therefore, when the collected blood is led into the blood collection tube, an undesired hemolysis phenomenon or the like can be reliably suppressed, and complicated stirring work such as inversion mixing can be omitted.
[0071]
Therefore, by using the blood collection tube according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to improve workability of blood tests in large hospitals and large test centers that handle a large number of specimens, and promptness is required. The inspection can be easily handled.
[0072]
Ma The The pre-nozzle is coated with a hydrophobic material And Since water droplets of the drug do not easily adhere to the inner and outer tube surfaces of the nozzle, clogging due to the crystallization of the drug on the nozzle surface is unlikely to occur. Therefore, even when an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of a medicine is sprayed on a large number of blood collection tubes over a long period of time, it is not necessary to clean the spray nozzle so that production efficiency can be increased.
Also, drug crystals are unlikely to form at the nozzle tip. Me Water droplets of even more uniform size can be attached to the inner wall surface of the blood collection tube.
[0073]
further, Claim 1 The distance between the inner wall of the outer tube and the outer wall of the inner tube is 25 to 75% of the difference ΔD between the inner diameter D1 of the outer tube of the spray nozzle and the outer diameter d1 of the inner tube. Therefore, eccentricity of the inner tube with respect to the outer tube is unlikely to occur, so that an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug can be attached to the inner wall surface of the blood collection tube as water droplets with a more uniform particle size. The flow down in the blood collection tube can be effectively suppressed.
[0074]
Claims 1 By using the applicator according to the invention described in the above, it is difficult for the inner tube to be eccentric with respect to the outer tube. It is possible to effectively suppress the flow of water droplets in the blood collection tube.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1A and 1B are a side view for explaining a spray nozzle used in the method of applying a medicine to a blood collection tube of the present invention, and a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a gas-liquid external mixing type spray nozzle used in the method of applying a medicine to a blood collection tube of the present invention.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining a process of inserting a spray nozzle into a blood collection tube and spraying an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of a drug in the present invention, respectively.
FIG. 4 1 The cross-sectional view for demonstrating the relationship between the outer diameter of the inner tube and the inner diameter of an outer tube in invention of description.
FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view for explaining a structure in which a wire is wound around an inner tube in a spray nozzle used in the present invention.
FIGS. 6A and 6B are a side view for explaining an example in which a plurality of tubes are used to suppress eccentricity of the inner tube with respect to the outer tube in the present invention, and along the line BB. Sectional drawing.
7A and 7B are cross-sectional views for explaining other structural examples for preventing the inner tube from being eccentric with respect to the outer tube in the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... spray nozzle
2 ... Inner pipe
3 ... Outer pipe
D1 ... Inner diameter of outer tube
d1 ... Outer diameter of inner tube
d2: Distance between the inner wall of the outer tube and the outer wall of the inner tube
ΔD: Difference between inner diameter of outer tube and outer diameter of inner tube

Claims (1)

A gas-liquid double-tube spray nozzle having an outer tube and an inner tube is attached to almost the entire inner wall of the blood collection tube so that an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion of the drug is attached in the form of a large number of water droplets with a uniform fine particle size. Prepared,
When the inner diameter of the outer tube of the spray nozzle is D1, the outer diameter of the inner tube is d1, and the distance between the inner wall of the outer tube and the outer wall of the inner tube is d2, d2 is the inner diameter D1 of the outer tube and the outer diameter of the inner tube. The difference ΔD from the diameter d1 is in the range of 25 to 75%,
And drug applicator things to be that adopt vessel, wherein the eccentric means for suppressing the inner tube is provided.

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