JP3839369B2 - Impermeable foundation construction method for industrial waste treatment plant - Google Patents

Impermeable foundation construction method for industrial waste treatment plant Download PDF

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JP3839369B2
JP3839369B2 JP2002196669A JP2002196669A JP3839369B2 JP 3839369 B2 JP3839369 B2 JP 3839369B2 JP 2002196669 A JP2002196669 A JP 2002196669A JP 2002196669 A JP2002196669 A JP 2002196669A JP 3839369 B2 JP3839369 B2 JP 3839369B2
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water
impervious
industrial waste
slope
construction
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JP2004033961A (en
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孝夫 佐久間
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東興建設株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、産業廃棄物処理場の施工法に関し、特に急勾配法面を具備する産業廃棄物処理場における遮水下地造成工法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
産業廃棄物処理場の構造は、埋立物からの侵出液が漏れることによる公共の水域及び地下水の汚染を防止するための措置が講じられていることが重要である。このため、国による廃棄物処理場の構造・維持管理基準も設定されている。
【0003】
図2は、従来の産業廃棄物処理場の概略的な側断面図である。図示の通り、地盤40に対して産業廃棄物50の収容空間となるすり鉢上の穴を掘削し、掘削穴の表面に対して遮水構造物100を設置することにより構成される。遮水構造物100は、一般に層構造を有しており、図示の例では、粘土やコンクリート等からなる遮水下地120の層と、合成ゴム・樹脂等からなる遮水シート130の層とを具備するが、他にも多様な層構造及び遮水材が用いられている。
【0004】
遮水下地120を構成する遮水材としては、ベントナイト混合土、アスファルト・コンクリート層等が用いられている。遮水シート130と組み合せて用いられる遮水下地120の基準としては、例えば、厚さ50cm以上で遮水係数が1×10−5cm/s以下の粘土等の層、あるいは、厚さ5cm以上で遮水係数が1×10−7cm/s以下のアスファルト・コンクリート層等の目標が国により示されている。
【0005】
近年、遮水下地に用いる遮水材として、ベントナイト混合土が注目されている。ベントナイト混合土は、粘土鉱物であり遮水機能を有するベントナイトと土(砕石砂、コンクリートリサイクル砂、現場発生土等)を混合し締固めたものであり、吸水すると膨潤して高粘性となり不透水性を発揮する。また、無機物であるため有機物遮水シートのように劣化せず耐久性がある。さらに乾燥クラック等が発生しても、高粘性という特性から自己修復するという利点がある。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
一般に産業廃棄物処理場は、周囲壁に勾配を具備するすり鉢状構造を有しており、単位土地面積あたりの処理容積は、周囲壁を急勾配とした方が大きくとることができる。しかしながら、急勾配法面にベントナイト混合土等の土質系遮水材を適用する場合、締固めが施工上困難であり、また、降雨に曝された状態では浸食を受けやすい等、安定性にも問題がある。これを改善するために、締固めが不要で吹付施工可能なアスファルト乳剤や高炉スラグ微粉末を混入したベントナイト混合土が提案されている。
【0007】
ところが、このような改善を施したベントナイト混合土であっても、急勾配法面への適用性は十分でないのが現状である。例えば、アスファルト乳剤を混入したベントナイト混合土では、法面勾配(図2中の符号122の部分)が1:1.5以上、高炉スラグ微粉末を混入したベントナイト混合土では法面勾配が1:1以上の緩斜面でなければ吹付施工することができず、勾配1:1未満の急勾配法面に対しては対応できない。これは、加水量を少なくすると法面に付着し難くなり、加水量を多くすると滑り落ちてしまうためである。また、アスファルトは劣化し易いという耐久性の面での欠点もある。
【0008】
一方、産業廃棄物処理場の建設が困難な現状では、単位土地面積あたりの処理容積をできる限り確保することが要請されるため、遮水構造物の法面を急勾配とすることへの必要性は大きい。
【0009】
また、ベントナイト混合土の乾燥収縮によるクラックは、再吸水時にある程度自己修復されるとはいえ、そもそも乾燥収縮時にクラックが発生しないことが遮水下地として好ましい。
【0010】
そこで、本発明は、急勾配法面を具備する産業廃棄物処理場の遮水下地の造成工法を提供することを目的とする。具体的には、上記のベントナイトを含む遮水材の利点を発揮すると同時に、急勾配法面に対して吹付施工可能でありかつ安定性を有する遮水下地の造成工法を提供することを目的とする。さらに、ベントナイトの乾燥収縮時にもクラックを発生しない遮水下地の造成工法を提供することを目的とする。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するべく、本発明による産業廃棄物処理場の遮水下地を造成する工法の第1の実施形態では、勾配1:0.6以上の法面を含む施工対象面に対し、セメントと、ベントナイトと、ゴムチップと、水とを少なくとも含む吹付用遮水材を用いて吹付施工を行うことにより前記遮水下地を造成する。
【0012】
また、本発明による産業廃棄物処理場の遮水下地を造成する工法の第2の実施形態では、勾配1:0.6以上の法面を含む施工対象面に対し、セメントと、ベントナイトと、ゴムチップと、水と、砂とを少なくとも含む吹付用遮水材を用いて吹付施工を行うことにより前記遮水下地を造成する。
【0013】
上記の各実施形態の吹付施工においては、空気圧送による吹付工法を行うことが好適である。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は、本発明を適用して構築された産業廃棄物処理場の遮水構造物10の概略的な側断面図を示す。本発明による産業廃棄物処理場の遮水構造物10における遮水下地20の造成工法では、先ず吹付施工可能な遮水材(以下、「吹付用遮水材」と称する)を調製した後、地盤40を掘削した掘削穴の表面(以下、「施工対象面」と称する)に対して吹付用遮水材を吹付施工することにより遮水下地20を造成する。通常、掘削穴の表面は、水平な平坦部と、この平坦部の周囲を取り囲み勾配を設けた法面部22とを有する形状に形成されている。本発明で用いられる吹付用遮水材は、特に勾配1:0.6〜1の範囲の急勾配の法面部22への吹付に適しているため、法面部にのみ吹付施工してもよい。もちろん、1:1以上の緩勾配に対しても当然用いることができるので、法面部及び平坦部を含む全体に吹付施工してもよい。このように、本発明で用いる吹付用遮水材は、勾配1:0.6以上の広範な法面へ適用することができる。
【0015】
本発明による遮水下地造成工法の第1の実施形態で用いられる吹付用遮水材は、セメント、ベントナイト、ゴムチップ及び水を少なくとも含む材料である。これらの材料は均一に混合調製された後、掘削穴表面に対して吹付施工される。本発明で用いる吹付用遮水材は、勾配1:0.6〜1の範囲の急勾配法面へも吹付可能でありかつ吹付後も安定に定着する程度のスランプ値を有するように調製される。セメントは固化材であり、固化後にはセメントとベントナイトが均一に混合したバインド材中にゴムチップが均一に分散した状態となる。固化後の遮水下地は、ベントナイトを含むことにより吸水膨潤による粘性と不透水性を発揮する。さらに、ゴムチップを含むことにより遮水下地全体の粘弾性と引っ張り強度が向上し、耐衝撃性を発揮すると同時にベントナイトの乾燥収縮時におけるクラック発生が大幅に低減される。また、固化後の遮水下地は、1×10−7cm/sの透水係数が得られる。
【0016】
表1は、第1の実施形態による吹付遮水材の配合例と、その圧縮強度及び透水試験の結果を示している。
【0017】
【表1】

Figure 0003839369
【0018】
本発明による遮水下地造成工法の第2の実施形態で用いられる吹付用遮水材は、セメント、ベントナイト、ゴムチップ、水及び砂を少なくとも含む材料である。第2の実施形態では、第1の実施形態の材料に砂を加えた点が異なる。これらの材料は、上記第1の実施形態の吹付用遮水材と同様に、均一に混合調製された後、施工対象面に対して吹付施工される。第2の実施形態においても第1の実施形態と同等の遮水下地の特性が得られるが、さらに、吹付用遮水材に砂を含むことにより、吹付施工性が向上すると共に造成された遮水下地の強度が増すという効果が得られる。また、第2の実施形態においても造成後の遮水下地は、1×10−7cm/sの透水係数が得られる。
【0019】
表2は、第2の実施形態による吹付遮水材の配合例と、その圧縮強度及び透水試験の結果を示している。この試験は、実際に施工を行う実証実験用の配合により行った。
【0020】
【表2】
Figure 0003839369
【0021】
上記の本発明の各実施形態における吹付施工において、空気圧送による吹付工法を行うことが好適である。また、吹付用遮水材の他の成分として、ゼオライトを含んでもよい。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
本発明による産業廃棄物処理場における遮水下地造成工法の第1の実施形態では、セメント、ベントナイト、ゴムチップ及び水を少なくとも含む吹付用遮水材を施工対象面へ吹き付けることにより、勾配1:0.6〜1の範囲の急勾配法面に対しても遮水下地を造成することができる。本工法で用いる吹付用遮水材は、粘性に富みスランプ値が小さいため、施工性がよくかつ吹付後も法面へ確実に定着する。従って、勾配1:0.6以上の全ての法面に適用可能である。さらに、ゴムチップを含むことによりベントナイトの乾燥収縮時におけるクラック発生が大幅に低減される。
【0023】
さらに、本発明による遮水下地造成工法の第2の実施形態では、セメント、ベントナイト、ゴムチップ、水及び砂を少なくとも含む吹付用遮水材を掘削穴の表面へ吹き付けることにより、同じく勾配1:0.6〜1の範囲の急勾配法面に対しても遮水下地を造成することができる。第2の実施形態では、第1の実施形態における効果に加えて更なる施工性の向上と造成下地の強度向上という効果が得られる。
【0024】
上記の本発明の工法により造成された遮水下地は、1×10−7cm/sの透水係数が得られ、これは公的基準を満足するものである。
【0025】
本発明の工法により、従来施工不能であった勾配1:0.6〜1の範囲の急勾配法面を有する産業廃棄物処理場を構築することが可能となり、処理場の設置される土地の単位面積あたりの処理容積を格段に増大させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明による産業廃棄物処理場の遮水構造物の概略的な側断面図を示す図である。
【図2】従来の産業廃棄物処理場の遮水構造物の概略的な側断面図を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
10 産業廃棄物処理場の遮水構造物
20 遮水下地
22 法面部
30 遮水シート
40 地盤
50 産業廃棄物
100 産業廃棄物処理場の遮水構造物
120 遮水下地
122 法面部
130 遮水シート[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a construction method for an industrial waste treatment plant, and more particularly to a water-impervious foundation construction method in an industrial waste treatment plant having a steep slope.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is important for industrial waste treatment plant structures that measures are taken to prevent public water and groundwater contamination due to leakage of leachate from landfills. For this reason, national waste disposal site structure and maintenance standards are also set.
[0003]
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of a conventional industrial waste disposal site. As shown in the drawing, a hole on a mortar serving as a storage space for the industrial waste 50 is excavated from the ground 40, and the water-impervious structure 100 is installed on the surface of the excavation hole. The water-impervious structure 100 generally has a layer structure. In the illustrated example, a layer of a water-impervious base 120 made of clay, concrete, or the like and a layer of a water-impervious sheet 130 made of synthetic rubber, resin, or the like are included. In addition, various other layer structures and water shielding materials are used.
[0004]
Bentonite mixed soil, asphalt / concrete layers, etc. are used as the water shielding material constituting the water shielding foundation 120. As a standard of the water-impervious base 120 used in combination with the water-impervious sheet 130, for example, a layer of clay or the like having a thickness of 50 cm or more and a water shielding coefficient of 1 × 10 −5 cm / s or less, or a thickness of 5 cm or more The target of the asphalt / concrete layer with a water shielding coefficient of 1 × 10 −7 cm / s or less is indicated by the country.
[0005]
In recent years, bentonite mixed soil has attracted attention as a water shielding material used for a water shielding base. Bentonite mixed soil is a clay mineral that is made by mixing and compacting bentonite and soil (crushed stone sand, concrete recycled sand, on-site generated soil, etc.) that have a water-impervious function. Demonstrate sex. Moreover, since it is an inorganic substance, it does not deteriorate like an organic water-impervious sheet and is durable. Furthermore, even if dry cracks or the like occur, there is an advantage of self-repairing from the property of high viscosity.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In general, an industrial waste treatment plant has a mortar-like structure with a gradient in the surrounding wall, and the treatment volume per unit land area can be increased by making the surrounding wall steep. However, when applying a soil-based water shielding material such as bentonite mixed soil to a steep slope, compaction is difficult in terms of construction, and it is also susceptible to erosion when exposed to rainfall. There's a problem. In order to improve this, a bentonite mixed soil in which asphalt emulsion and blast furnace slag fine powder which can be sprayed without compaction is mixed has been proposed.
[0007]
However, even if it is bentonite mixed soil which gave such an improvement, the applicability to a steep slope is not sufficient at present. For example, in a bentonite mixed soil mixed with asphalt emulsion, the slope gradient (portion 122 in FIG. 2) is 1: 1.5 or more, and in a bentonite mixed soil mixed with blast furnace slag fine powder, the slope gradient is 1: If it is not more than one gentle slope, spray construction cannot be performed, and it is not possible to cope with steep slopes with a slope of less than 1: 1. This is because if the amount of water is reduced, it will be difficult to adhere to the slope, and if the amount of water is increased, it will slip off. In addition, asphalt has a drawback in terms of durability that it is easy to deteriorate.
[0008]
On the other hand, in the current situation where it is difficult to construct an industrial waste treatment plant, it is required to secure a treatment volume per unit land area as much as possible. Therefore, it is necessary to make the slope of the water shielding structure steep. Sex is great.
[0009]
Further, although cracks due to drying shrinkage of bentonite mixed soil are self-repaired to some extent when reabsorbing water, it is preferable that the cracks are not generated when drying shrinkage.
[0010]
Then, an object of this invention is to provide the construction method of the water-impervious foundation of the industrial waste disposal site which has a steep slope. Specifically, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a water-impervious foundation that exhibits the advantages of the water-impervious material including bentonite and that can be sprayed on a steep slope and has stability. To do. Furthermore, it aims at providing the construction method of the water-shielding base | substrate which does not generate | occur | produce a crack at the time of drying shrinkage of bentonite.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, in the first embodiment of the construction method for creating a water-impervious foundation of an industrial waste treatment plant according to the present invention, for a construction target surface including a slope with a slope of 1: 0.6 or more, The said water-impervious foundation is formed by performing spraying construction using a water-blocking material for spraying including at least cement, bentonite, rubber chips, and water.
[0012]
Moreover, in 2nd Embodiment of the construction method which produces the water-impervious foundation of the industrial waste disposal site by this invention, with respect to the construction object surface containing the slope of 1: 0.6 or more, cement, bentonite, The said water-impervious foundation is formed by performing spraying construction using a water-impervious material for spraying including at least a rubber chip, water, and sand.
[0013]
In the spraying construction of each of the above embodiments, it is preferable to perform the spraying method by pneumatic feeding.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional side view of a water-impervious structure 10 of an industrial waste disposal site constructed by applying the present invention. In the construction method of the water-impervious foundation 20 in the water-impervious structure 10 of the industrial waste treatment plant according to the present invention, after first preparing a water-impervious material that can be sprayed (hereinafter referred to as "water-impervious material for spraying"), The impermeable foundation 20 is created by spraying a spray impermeable material onto the surface of the excavation hole excavating the ground 40 (hereinafter referred to as “construction target surface”). Usually, the surface of the excavation hole is formed in a shape having a horizontal flat portion and a slope portion 22 surrounding the flat portion and having a gradient. The spray water-shielding material used in the present invention is particularly suitable for spraying on a steep slope surface portion 22 having a gradient of 1: 0.6 to 1, and may be sprayed only on the slope surface portion. Of course, since it can be used for a gentle gradient of 1: 1 or more, the entire surface including the slope and the flat portion may be sprayed. As described above, the spray water shielding material used in the present invention can be applied to a wide range of slopes having a gradient of 1: 0.6 or more.
[0015]
The spray water shielding material used in the first embodiment of the water shielding foundation construction method according to the present invention is a material containing at least cement, bentonite, rubber chips, and water. These materials are uniformly mixed and prepared, and then sprayed onto the surface of the drilling hole. The water shielding material for spraying used in the present invention is prepared so as to have a slump value that can be sprayed to a steep slope having a slope of 1: 0.6 to 1 and that can be stably fixed after spraying. The Cement is a solidifying material, and after solidification, rubber chips are uniformly dispersed in a binding material in which cement and bentonite are uniformly mixed. The water-impervious base after solidification exhibits viscosity and water impermeability due to water absorption swelling by including bentonite. Furthermore, the inclusion of the rubber chip improves the viscoelasticity and tensile strength of the entire water-impervious substrate, and exhibits impact resistance, while at the same time greatly reducing the occurrence of cracks during drying shrinkage of bentonite. Moreover, the water-impervious foundation after solidification has a water permeability coefficient of 1 × 10 −7 cm / s.
[0016]
Table 1 shows a blending example of the sprayed water-impervious material according to the first embodiment, its compressive strength, and the results of the water permeability test.
[0017]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003839369
[0018]
The spray water shielding material used in the second embodiment of the water shielding foundation construction method according to the present invention is a material containing at least cement, bentonite, rubber chips, water and sand. The second embodiment is different in that sand is added to the material of the first embodiment. These materials are sprayed and applied to the construction target surface after being uniformly mixed and prepared in the same manner as the spraying water shielding material of the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the same characteristics of the water shielding base as in the first embodiment can be obtained, but further, by including sand in the water shielding material for spraying, the spraying workability is improved and the water shielding foundation formed. The effect of increasing the strength of the water base is obtained. Also in the second embodiment, the water-impervious base after creation has a water permeability coefficient of 1 × 10 −7 cm / s.
[0019]
Table 2 shows a blending example of the sprayed water-impervious material according to the second embodiment, its compressive strength, and the results of the water permeability test. This test was carried out with a composition for a demonstration experiment in which construction was actually performed.
[0020]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003839369
[0021]
In the above-described spraying construction in each embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to perform a spraying method by pneumatic feeding. Moreover, you may contain a zeolite as another component of the water-blocking material for spraying.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
In the first embodiment of the impermeable foundation construction method in the industrial waste treatment plant according to the present invention, a gradient 1: 0 is created by spraying a spray impermeable material containing at least cement, bentonite, rubber chips, and water onto the construction target surface. A water-impervious base can be created even for steep slopes in the range of 6 to 1. The spray water shielding material used in this construction method is rich in viscosity and has a small slump value, so that it has good workability and is firmly fixed on the slope even after spraying. Therefore, it is applicable to all slopes having a gradient of 1: 0.6 or more. Furthermore, the crack generation at the time of drying shrinkage of bentonite is significantly reduced by including the rubber chip.
[0023]
Furthermore, in the second embodiment of the water-impervious foundation construction method according to the present invention, a spraying water-impervious material containing at least cement, bentonite, rubber chips, water, and sand is sprayed onto the surface of the excavation hole, so that the gradient is 1: 0. A water-impervious base can be created even for steep slopes in the range of 6 to 1. In 2nd Embodiment, in addition to the effect in 1st Embodiment, the effect of the further improvement of workability and the improvement of the intensity | strength of a creation foundation is acquired.
[0024]
The water-impervious foundation created by the above-described method of the present invention has a water permeability coefficient of 1 × 10 −7 cm / s, which satisfies the official standards.
[0025]
By the construction method of the present invention, it becomes possible to construct an industrial waste treatment plant having a steep slope in the range of 1: 0.6 to 1, which has been impossible in the past, and the land where the treatment plant is installed The processing volume per unit area can be greatly increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view of a water shielding structure of an industrial waste disposal site according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of a conventional water shielding structure of an industrial waste disposal site.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Impermeable structure 20 of an industrial waste disposal site 20 Impervious foundation 22 Slope part 30 Impervious sheet 40 Ground 50 Industrial waste 100 Impervious structure 120 of an industrial waste disposal site 120 Impervious foundation 122 Slope part 130 Impervious sheet

Claims (3)

産業廃棄物処理場の遮水下地を造成する工法において、
勾配1:0.6以上の法面を含む施工対象面に対し、セメントと、ベントナイトと、ゴムチップと、水とを少なくとも含む吹付用遮水材を用いて吹付施工を行うことにより前記遮水下地を造成することを特徴とする
産業廃棄物処理場の遮水下地造成工法。
In the construction method to create a water-impervious foundation for an industrial waste treatment plant,
Gradient 1: For the construction target surface including a slope with a slope of 0.6 or more, the water-impervious base by performing spraying construction using a water-blocking material containing at least cement, bentonite, rubber chips, and water. A water-blocking foundation construction method for industrial waste treatment plants, characterized by
産業廃棄物処理場の遮水下地を造成する工法において、
勾配1:0.6以上の法面を含む施工対象面に対し、セメントと、ベントナイトと、ゴムチップと、水と、砂とを少なくとも含む吹付用遮水材を用いて吹付施工を行うことにより前記遮水下地を造成することを特徴とする
産業廃棄物処理場の遮水下地造成工法。
In the construction method to create a water-impervious foundation for an industrial waste disposal site
Gradient 1: For the construction target surface including a slope with a slope of 0.6 or more, by performing spraying construction using a spray shielding water-proof material including at least cement, bentonite, rubber chips, water, and sand. A method for constructing a water-impervious substrate in an industrial waste disposal site, characterized by creating a water-impervious substrate.
前記吹付施工において空気圧送による吹付工法を行うことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の産業廃棄物処理場の遮水下地造成工法。The method for constructing a water-impervious foundation for an industrial waste treatment plant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a spraying method by pneumatic feeding is performed in the spraying construction.
JP2002196669A 2002-07-05 2002-07-05 Impermeable foundation construction method for industrial waste treatment plant Expired - Fee Related JP3839369B2 (en)

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