JP3829297B2 - Blow-off type snow fence with arc wing type snow guard - Google Patents

Blow-off type snow fence with arc wing type snow guard Download PDF

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JP3829297B2
JP3829297B2 JP2000144087A JP2000144087A JP3829297B2 JP 3829297 B2 JP3829297 B2 JP 3829297B2 JP 2000144087 A JP2000144087 A JP 2000144087A JP 2000144087 A JP2000144087 A JP 2000144087A JP 3829297 B2 JP3829297 B2 JP 3829297B2
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Prior art keywords
fence
snow
type snow
arc wing
blow
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JP2001288714A (en
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弘志 坂本
英穂 村上
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英穂 村上
弘志 坂本
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【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は積雪寒冷地における,冬期間の吹雪による道路上の吹き溜まりの防止と,視程の確保のために設置される吹き払い式防雪柵に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の吹き払い式防雪柵に取り付けられている防雪板は,フラットな板である。そのために防雪板間を通過する流れはほとんど無く,その背後に大きな渦領域が形成され,柵の下部間隙を通過した吹雪流は,柵高の1.5倍〜2.0倍下流で急激に巻き上がる。そのため,防雪柵の吹き払い能力は,柵高(3.0m〜3.3m)の1.5倍〜2.0倍下流までが限度である。
【0003】
したがって,従来の吹き払い式防雪柵は,上下1車線道路(道路幅8m)に対しては有効ではあるが,歩道を有する2車線道路(道路幅13m),あるいは4車線道路(道路幅20m)においては,反対車線では,吹き溜まりの増加と視程の悪化の逆効果が生じている。
【0004】
また,現在の防雪柵を構成するフラットな防雪板には,非定常空気力に基づく空力振動が発生し,防雪板の疲労破壊を引き起す。その結果,空力振動による防雪板の疲労破壊を防止する上で大きな材料強度が必要となり,必然的に防雪板の総重量は大きなものとなる。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来のフラットの防雪板を有する防雪柵では,道路全幅をカバーできる防雪効果は得られていない。そのためには一般道路はもちろんのこと,道路幅20mを越える高規格道路にも,充分に対応できる吹き払い効果の高い高性能の防雪柵が必要となっている。
【0006】
本研究は,上記の問題点を鑑み,柵下流での吹雪の巻き上がりを防止し,濃度の高い吹雪を路面に沿って移動させて,吹き払うことができる高性能の防雪柵を得ることを目的とする。
【0007】
また,本発明では防雪板の空力振動を防止するための方法を見出し,それによって防雪板の疲労破壊の原因となる空力振動を防止することによって,その材料強度を下げ,防雪板の軽量化を図る。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述した課題を解決するために、請求項1に記載の発明は、対向する支柱間に4枚の円弧翼型防雪板を互いに間隔を存して横向きに架設することにより上下方向に列設し、最上端の円弧翼型防雪板の上方に間隔を存して1枚の有孔板を前記支柱間に架設して構成したものからなる。
【0009】
円弧翼型防雪板で構成される最適形状防雪柵は,柵高3.3m,下部間隔1.2m,円弧翼型防雪板の取り付け角度が35゜のものである。
【0010】
また,円弧翼型防雪板の空力振動の防止と,防雪柵の更なる吹き払い効果の向上を図るために,柵上端に請求項2に記載の発明に係わる有孔板を有する。
【0011】
有孔板の形状は,請求項3に記載の発明に係わる幅が350mm〜400mm,有孔率が40%〜50%,そして,その取り付け位置は,最上端の円弧翼型防雪板との間隔が160mm〜180mmなるものである。
【0012】
さらに請求項4に記載の発明に係わる円弧翼型防雪板は,1枚の鋼板で製作するものとする。また,円弧翼型防雪板は強度を得るために,円弧翼型防雪板の先端部および後端部にコ字型リブ,そして中間部付近に山型リブを有する。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を実施例に基づき,図面を参照して説明する。本発明の吹き払い式防雪柵は,図1に示す形状を有する。本発明の防雪柵は高さ3.3mとし,4枚の円弧翼型防雪板1,有孔板2,4m間隔の支柱3,下支柱4,基礎部5,補強ダイパー6で構成されている。
【0014】
円弧翼型防雪板は図2に示すように幅が620mm,スパン長さが4000mmである。円弧翼型防雪板は厚さ1.6mmの亜鉛メッキされた鋼板で製作し,強度を与えるために先端部および後端部にコ字型リブ7,中間部付近に山型リブ8を有している。
【0015】
柵上端に取り付ける有孔板は,図3に示すものである。最適有孔板の形状は幅が350mm〜400mm,最上端の円弧翼型防雪板との間隔が160mm〜180mm,有孔率が40%〜50%である。
【0016】
また,夏期の不要時期に道路景観を阻害しないように,円弧翼型防雪板および有孔板を支柱に直接固定せず,支持部材を用いてそれらをリンク部材で結合し,折りたたみ収納が可能な構造とする。
【0017】
【実施例1】
本発明の実施例として,防雪柵モデルに関して飛雪風洞実験を実施した。飛雪風洞は北見工業大学流体工学研究室に設置されているもので,図4に示す断面1.3m×1.3m,長さ10mの測定部を有する吹き出し型風洞である。本風洞装置は実物の雪粒子を用いて吹雪を再現できるものである。
【0018】
飛雪風洞モデル実験における吹雪の濃度分布の測定は,浮遊する雪粒子の空間濃度によって,スリット光源から照射された散乱光の強度が変わる事を利用して,コンピュータに取り込んだ画像を濃淡分布に分けることによって行った。具体的には、表1に示すように吹雪濃度を6階調に分けて評価した。なお表1に示す階調数は、それが大きい程高濃度の吹雪となっている。
【0019】
【表1】

Figure 0003829297
【0020】
図5は,飛雪風洞モデル実験によって得られた柵後方の吹雪濃度分布を示したものである。フラットな防雪板を有する従来型防雪柵では,柵下流の1.5倍付近から下部間隔を通過した吹雪は巻き上がり,一般乗用車の視程高さ1.35mを越えた道路空間全体に広がっている。しかし,本発明柵では高濃度の吹雪流は巻き上がることなく,一般乗用車の視程高さ1.35m以下の位置を通過しており,柵高の5倍下流を越えても高い吹き払い効果を維持している。したがって,道路幅が20mを越える高規格道路にも充分に対応できる。
【0021】
【実施例2】
本発明の実施例として,発明した実物柵モデルを野外に設置し,視程の観測と,柵風上側および道路風下側に生ずる堆雪形状の評価を行った。実物柵モデルは全長30.5mとし,従来柵に隣接する形で設置した。
【0022】
図6は,柵風上側と道路風下側における堆雪の観測結果である。柵風上側における本発明柵の堆雪量は少なく,堆雪による柵の下部間隙の閉そくも生じていない。したがって,常に吹き払い機能を保持していることとなる。一方道路風下側の堆雪は,本発明柵では最大50cm程度であるが,従来柵のそれは200cmにも達している。このことから,本発明柵の吹き払い能力は,従来柵と較べて極めて高いものであると判断される。
【0023】
【実施例3】
本発明の実施例として,風洞モデル実験を遂行して,円弧翼型防雪板の空力振動特性を調べた。空力振動特性の評価に当っては,測定部断面1.2m×0.3m,長さ3mの環流型風洞を用いて行った。円弧翼型防雪板は,図7に示すように回転シャフトに取り付けた。回転シャフトは,軸受およびアームに取り付けた4本のコイルバネによって支持され,自由に回転振動ができる。
【0024】
図8は,有孔板の有無による円弧翼型防雪板の振動性状を示したものである。有孔板が無い場合には最上端の防雪板は発散振動を起こしているが,有孔板を有する場合には,いずれの防雪板にも空力振動の発生は全く認められない。柵上端に設置した有孔板は,円弧翼型防雪板の空力振動防止に極めて有効である。
【0025】
【実施例4】
本発明の実施例として,同じく飛雪風洞モデルを遂行し,有孔板の有無による柵後方の吹雪の濃度分布を調べた。有孔板の有孔率を4通り,最上端の防雪板との間隔を160mm,その幅を400mmとした。
【0026】
図9は有孔率を0%,20%,30%,40%と変化させた場合の吹雪の濃度分布を示したものである。有孔率が40%の場合には,有孔板が無い場合に較べて,視程はかなり向上している。したがって,有孔板は,視程障害緩和効果に対しても極めて有効である。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したとおり,本発明の吹き払い式防雪柵は,従来のフラットな防雪板と形状が全く異なる円弧翼型防雪板,そして柵上端に有孔板を備えたことによって,従来型防雪柵に較べて,数段高い吹き払い効果と,良好な視程障害緩和効果を有するものである。また,有孔板は円弧翼型防雪板の空力振動を防止し,材料強度の低減化によって,その軽量化を図ることができるものである。したがって,本発明防雪柵を設置すれば,一般道路はもちろん,道路幅が20mを越える高規格道路の吹雪を防止できることが期待される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施形態による防雪柵の組立図である。(a)は全体図,(b)は側面図である。
【図2】本発明の実施形態による円弧翼型防雪板の概略図である。
【図3】本発明の実施形態による有孔板の概略図である。
【図4】本発明の第1の実施例における飛雪風洞の測定部の概略図である。
【図5】本発明の第1の実施例における柵後方の吹雪濃度分布の測定結果である。(a)は本発明柵,(b)は従来柵である。
【図6】本発明の第2の実施例における本発明柵の実物モデルの柵風上側と,道路風下側の堆雪形状の野外観測結果である。(a)は本発明柵,(b)は従来柵である。
【図7】本発明の第3の実施例における円弧翼型防雪板の空力振動測定装置の概略図である。
【図8】本発明の第3の実施例における有孔板の有無による円弧翼型防雪板の空力振動性状である。(a)は有孔板無し,(b)は有孔板有りである。
【図9】本発明の第4の実施例における有孔板の有無による柵後方の吹雪濃度分布の測定結果である。
【符号の簡単な説明】
1:円弧翼型防雪板
2:有孔板
3:支柱
4:下支柱
5:基礎部
6:ダイパー
7:コ字型リブ
8:山型リブ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a snow blow fence that is installed to prevent snow accumulation on a road due to snowstorm in winter and to ensure visibility in a cold snowy region.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The snow plate attached to the conventional blow-off type snow fence is a flat plate. Therefore, there is almost no flow passing between the snow protection plates, a large vortex area is formed behind it, and the snowstorm flow that passes through the lower gap of the fence is abruptly 1.5 to 2.0 times downstream of the fence height. Roll up. Therefore, the snow blow fence blow-off capacity is limited to 1.5 times to 2.0 times downstream of the fence height (3.0 m to 3.3 m).
[0003]
Therefore, the conventional blow-off type snow fence is effective for upper and lower one-lane roads (road width 8m), but it is a two-lane road with a sidewalk (road width 13m) or a four-lane road (road width 20m). In the opposite lane, there is an adverse effect of increased puddles and poor visibility.
[0004]
In addition, the flat snow plates that make up the current snow fences are subject to aerodynamic vibration based on unsteady aerodynamic forces, causing fatigue failure of the snow plates. As a result, a large material strength is required to prevent the fatigue breakage of the snow protection plate due to aerodynamic vibration, and the total weight of the snow protection plate inevitably increases.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
A conventional snow fence with a flat snow plate does not provide a snow protection effect that can cover the entire width of the road. For this purpose, not only general roads but also high-standard roads with a width of 20 m are required, and high-performance snow fences with a high blow-off effect that can sufficiently cope with them are required.
[0006]
In view of the above-mentioned problems, this study aims to obtain a high-performance snow fence that prevents the snowstorm from rolling down the fence and moves the snowstorm with a high concentration along the road surface. Objective.
[0007]
In the present invention, a method for preventing the aerodynamic vibration of the snow protection plate is found, thereby preventing the aerodynamic vibration that causes fatigue failure of the snow protection plate, thereby reducing the material strength and reducing the weight of the snow protection plate. Plan.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problem, the invention described in claim 1 is arranged in the vertical direction by horizontally laying four arc wing type snow protection plates between opposing struts at intervals. In addition, a perforated plate is constructed between the pillars with a space above the uppermost arc wing type snow protection plate.
[0009]
The optimum shape snow fences composed of arc wing type snow guards have a fence height of 3.3 m, a lower space of 1.2 m, and an arc wing type snow guard with an attachment angle of 35 °.
[0010]
Moreover, in order to prevent the aerodynamic vibration of the arc wing type snow protection plate and to further improve the blowing effect of the snow protection fence, a perforated plate according to the invention of claim 2 is provided at the upper end of the fence.
[0011]
The shape of the perforated plate is 350 mm to 400 mm in width according to the third aspect of the present invention, the porosity is 40% to 50%, and the mounting position is the distance from the uppermost arc wing type snow protection plate. Is from 160 mm to 180 mm.
[0012]
Furthermore, the arcuate wing type snow protection plate according to the invention of claim 4 is made of a single steel plate. In addition, in order to obtain strength, the arc wing type snow protection plate has a U-shaped rib at the front and rear ends of the arc wing type snow protection plate, and a mountain-shaped rib near the middle.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described based on an example with reference to the drawings. The blow-off type snow fence of the present invention has the shape shown in FIG. The snow fence of the present invention has a height of 3.3 m, and is composed of four arc wing type snow protection plates 1, perforated plates 2, columns 4 m apart, lower columns 4, foundation portion 5, and reinforcing dieper 6. .
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 2, the arc wing type snowproof plate has a width of 620 mm and a span length of 4000 mm. The arc wing type snow protection plate is made of 1.6 mm thick galvanized steel plate and has a U-shaped rib 7 at the front and rear ends and a mountain-shaped rib 8 near the middle to give strength. ing.
[0015]
The perforated plate attached to the upper end of the fence is shown in FIG. The optimum shape of the perforated plate is 350 mm to 400 mm in width, 160 mm to 180 mm in distance from the arc-shaped snow blade at the uppermost end, and 40% to 50% in porosity.
[0016]
In addition, the arc wing type snow protection plate and the perforated plate are not directly fixed to the column so that they do not disturb the road scenery during the unnecessary period in summer, but they can be folded and stored by connecting them with a link member using a support member. Structure.
[0017]
[Example 1]
As an example of the present invention, a snow wind tunnel experiment was conducted on a snow fence model. The Hiyuki wind tunnel is installed in the fluid engineering laboratory of Kitami Institute of Technology, and is a blow-out wind tunnel having a measuring section having a cross section of 1.3 m × 1.3 m and a length of 10 m shown in FIG. This wind tunnel device can reproduce a snowstorm using real snow particles.
[0018]
The measurement of the concentration distribution of snowstorms in the Flying Wind Tunnel model experiment is based on the fact that the intensity of the scattered light emitted from the slit light source changes depending on the spatial concentration of the floating snow particles. Done by dividing. Specifically, as shown in Table 1, the snowstorm density was evaluated by dividing it into 6 gradations. Note that the greater the number of gradations shown in Table 1, the higher the concentration of snowstorm.
[0019]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003829297
[0020]
FIG. 5 shows the snow concentration distribution behind the fence obtained by a snow wind tunnel model experiment. In a conventional snow fence with a flat snow guard, the snowstorm that passed the lower space from around 1.5 times downstream of the fence rolls up and spreads over the entire road space exceeding the visibility height of 1.35 m for ordinary passenger cars. . However, in the fence of the present invention, a high-concentration snowstorm does not roll up and passes through a position where the visibility height of a general passenger car is 1.35 m or less. Is maintained. Therefore, it can sufficiently cope with a high standard road having a road width exceeding 20 m.
[0021]
[Example 2]
As an example of the present invention, the invented real fence model was installed in the field, and visibility was observed and the shape of snow accumulation generated on the fence leeward side and road leeward side was evaluated. The actual fence model has a total length of 30.5m and is installed adjacent to the conventional fence.
[0022]
FIG. 6 shows observation results of snow accumulation on the fence leeward side and road leeward side. The amount of snow accumulation of the fence of the present invention on the windward side of the fence is small, and the bottom gap of the fence is not blocked by snow accumulation. Therefore, the blow-off function is always maintained. On the other hand, snow accumulation on the lee side of the road is about 50 cm at the maximum in the fence of the present invention, but it reaches 200 cm in the conventional fence. From this, it is judged that the blow-off ability of the fence of the present invention is extremely higher than that of the conventional fence.
[0023]
[Example 3]
As an example of the present invention, a wind tunnel model experiment was performed to investigate the aerodynamic vibration characteristics of the arc wing type snow protection plate. The aerodynamic vibration characteristics were evaluated using a circulating wind tunnel with a cross section of 1.2 m × 0.3 m and a length of 3 m. As shown in FIG. 7, the arc wing type snowbreak plate was attached to the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is supported by four coil springs attached to the bearing and the arm, and can rotate freely.
[0024]
FIG. 8 shows the vibration characteristics of the arc wing type snow protection plate with and without a perforated plate. When there is no perforated plate, the snowboard at the top end generates divergent vibration, but when there is a perforated plate, no aerodynamic vibration is observed in any snowboard. The perforated plate installed at the top of the fence is extremely effective in preventing aerodynamic vibration of the arc wing type snow protection plate.
[0025]
[Example 4]
As an example of the present invention, a flying snow wind tunnel model was also performed, and the concentration distribution of the snowstorm behind the fence with or without a perforated plate was examined. The porosity of the perforated plate was 4 types, the distance from the snowboard at the top end was 160 mm, and the width was 400 mm.
[0026]
FIG. 9 shows the concentration distribution of snowstorm when the porosity is changed to 0%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. When the porosity is 40%, the visibility is considerably improved compared to the case where there is no perforated plate. Therefore, the perforated plate is very effective for reducing the visibility disturbance.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the blow-off type snow fence according to the present invention is a conventional snow fence by providing an arc wing type snow board having a completely different shape from the conventional flat snow board and a perforated plate at the top of the fence. Compared to this, it has a several-step higher blow-off effect and a better visibility disturbance alleviation effect. In addition, the perforated plate prevents aerodynamic vibration of the arc wing type snow protection plate and can reduce its weight by reducing the material strength. Therefore, if the snow fence according to the present invention is installed, it is expected that not only ordinary roads but also high-standard roads with a road width exceeding 20 m can be prevented from blowing snow.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an assembly view of a snow fence according to an embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a general view, (b) is a side view.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an arc wing type snowbreak plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a perforated plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a measurement unit of a snowstorm wind tunnel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a measurement result of a snowstorm concentration distribution behind the fence in the first embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a fence of the present invention, and (b) is a conventional fence.
FIG. 6 is a field observation result of the snow accumulation shape on the fence leeward side and road leeward side of the real model of the fence of the present invention in the second embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a fence of the present invention, and (b) is a conventional fence.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an aerodynamic vibration measuring device for an arc wing type snowproof plate according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 shows the aerodynamic vibration characteristics of an arc wing type snowproof plate with and without a perforated plate in a third embodiment of the present invention. (A) is without a perforated plate, (b) is with a perforated plate.
FIG. 9 is a measurement result of a snowstorm concentration distribution behind the fence with and without a perforated plate in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
[Brief description of symbols]
1: Arc wing type snowproof plate 2: Perforated plate 3: Support column 4: Lower support column 5: Foundation part 6: Dieper 7: U-shaped rib 8: Mountain-shaped rib

Claims (2)

対向する支柱間に4枚の円弧翼型防雪板を互いに間隔を存して横向きに架設することにより上下方向に列設し、最上端の円弧翼型防雪板の上方に間隔を存して1枚の有孔板を前記支柱間に架設して構成してなる吹き払い式防雪柵。 Four arc wing type snow protection plates are installed in the vertical direction by laying them side by side between the opposing struts with a space between each other. A blow-off type snow fence made by laying a sheet of perforated plate between the columns . 先端部および後端部に高さ26mmのコ字型リブ,中間部付近に高さ26mmの山型リブを有する4枚の円弧翼型防雪板と幅が350mm〜400mm,有孔率40%〜50%,そして取り付け位置は最上端の円弧翼型防雪板との間隔が160mm〜180mmなる1枚の有孔板とで構成された請求項1記載の吹き払い式防雪柵。Four arc wing-type snow plates with a 26 mm height U-shaped rib at the front and rear ends, and a 26 mm height chevron rib near the middle, and a width of 350 mm to 400 mm, with a porosity of 40% The blow-off type snow fence according to claim 1, comprising 50% and a single perforated plate having a mounting position of 160 mm to 180 mm with respect to the uppermost arc wing type snow guard.
JP2000144087A 2000-04-07 2000-04-07 Blow-off type snow fence with arc wing type snow guard Expired - Lifetime JP3829297B2 (en)

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