JP3820717B2

JP3820717B2 - Speaker

Info

Publication number: JP3820717B2
Application number: JP35046297A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 雪生岡本
Original assignee: Panasonic Corp; Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Corp; Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 1997-12-19
Filing date: 1997-12-19
Publication date: 2006-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 2017-12-19
Also published as: JPH11187484A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は各種映像・音響機器に使用されるスピーカに関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来のスピーカを図７の断面図により説明する。同図において、円盤状に形成されたプレート１３はヨーク１４の内周との間に一定距離の隙間が円状に連なる磁気ギャップ１５を設け、この磁気ギャップ１５に磁束１６が放射状に貫く磁気回路１７を磁石１８と共に構成している。
【０００３】
１９はボイスコイルで少なくとも筒状に形成されたボビン部２０とこのボビン部２０の外周に沿って巻回され上記磁気ギャップ１５に挿入されるコイル部２１とで構成され、外周部をエッジ２２を介してフレーム２３に結合された振動板２４の内周に結合されると共に外周がフレーム２３に結合されたダンパー２５の内周に結合され、コイル部２１が磁気ギャップ１５の適正な位置に挿入されるように支持されている。
【０００４】
以上のように構成されたスピーカは、ボイスコイル１９のコイル部２１に音声電流が流れるとボイスコイル１９は音声電流の向きに応じて上下に振動し、このボイスコイル１９に結合されている振動板２４も同じように振動し音波として外部に放射されるものである。なお、２６は防塵キャップである。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述のスピーカは、
（１）外径もしくは横幅を狭くすると自ずと磁気回路１７も小さくなり音声再生の能率の低下を招く。
（２）外径もしくは横幅を狭くするとダンパー２５及びエッジ部２２の幅も小さくなるため振動系スティフネスが大きくなり、最低共振周波数ｆ０が上昇し低音域再生が困難になると共に大入力時の振幅に追従できない。
（３）横幅を狭くし同様に振動板２４の形状も細長にすると、振動板２４の中央部のみに駆動力が伝わるため長軸方向の分割共振が発生し、再生音圧の周波数特性上ピーク・ディップが生じ音質劣化を招く。
（４）ボイスコイル１９のコイル部２１に発生する駆動力が一旦ボビン部２０に伝わった後振動板２４に伝搬されるためボビン部２０で伝達ロスが生じ過度特性が良くない。
という課題を有するものであった。
【０００６】
本発明は上記課題を解決するもので、小口径及び幅が狭い細長形状にしても能率、耐入力の向上を図ることができ、再生音圧周波数特性と過度特性の優れたスピーカを提供するものである。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために本発明のスピーカは、少なくとも一方端側に磁石を結合して突部を形成するとともに、他方端側に上記磁石と同方向に突出した他の突部を形成したヨークを二つ互いに向き合わせ、対向する上下突部間に磁束方向の異なる上下二つの平行した磁気ギャップを形成した磁気回路と、前記磁気回路にコイルが挿入されたボイスコイルと、略中央が上記ボイスコイルの上部に結合され外周が上記フレームもしくは磁気回路に結合した振動板と、略中央が上記ボイスコイルの下部と結合し外周が上記フレームもしくは磁気回路に結合したダンパーとで構成したことにより、小口径及び横幅が狭い細長構造であっても再生音圧の能率や耐入力の向上が図れ、しかも最低共振周波数ｆ₀を低く設定した再生音圧周波数の優れたスピーカを提供できるものである。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の請求項１に記載の発明は、少なくとも一方端側に磁石を結合して突部を形成するとともに、他方端側に上記磁石と同方向に突出した他の突部を形成したヨークを二つ互いに向き合わせ、対向する上下突部間にそれぞれの磁束方向が逆となる上下二つの平行した磁気ギャップを設けた磁気回路と、この磁気回路に結合したフレームと、上記磁気回路の磁気ギャップにコイルが挿入されたボイスコイルと、略中央が上記ボイスコイルの上部に結合され外周が上記フレームもしくは上記磁気回路に結合した振動板と、略中央が上記ボイスコイルの下部に結合され外周が上記フレームもしくは上記磁気回路に結合したダンパーとで構成して、小口径及び横幅の狭い細長構造であっても支持系の振幅が大入力に追従でき、しかも最低共振周波数ｆ₀を低く設定し再生音圧周波数での平坦化を図るものである。
【０００９】
本発明の請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の磁気回路の構成を磁石と結合したヨークを二つ互いに向き合わせ互いのヨークとヨーク、磁石と磁石の間に磁束方向の逆となる上下二つの平行した磁気ギャップを設ける磁気回路として構成としたもので、請求項１記載のスピーカと同様の機能を果たすものである。
【００１０】
本発明の請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の磁気回路の構成を磁石と結合したヨークともう一つのヨークを互いに向き合わせ互いのヨークとヨーク、磁石とヨークの間に磁束方向の逆となる上下二つの平行した磁気ギャップを設ける磁気回路として構成したもので、請求項１記載のスピーカよりも部品点数を少なくでき、より安価に請求項１と同様の機能を果たすものである。
【００１１】
本発明の請求項４に記載の発明は、ボイスコイルの上部コイル外周にフレームもしくは磁気回路に外周を結合するエッジのみを設け請求項１または２または３記載の振動板を用いず直接ボイスコイルから音波を外部に放射するよう構成して伝達ロスの軽減を図るものである。
【００１２】
以下、本発明のスピーカの一実施の形態について図１から図３により説明する。
【００１３】
（実施の形態１）
図１は、本発明の一実施の形態のスピーカの断面図であり、図２は同要部である磁気回路の斜視図であり、図３は同要部であるボイスコイルの斜視図である。
【００１４】
同図によると、１ａは磁石でありヨーク２ａの端部に結合されている。また磁石１ｂとヨーク２ｂも同じようにヨーク２ｂの端部に磁石１ｂが結合されている。また、前記ヨーク２ａと２ｂは図に示すようにＬ字状となっており、ヨーク２ａと磁石１ａおよびヨーク２ｂと磁石１ｂは夫々両端に突部を有するコ字状となっている。これら互いのヨークと磁石との間に磁束３がそれぞれ逆方向に貫くように上記磁気ギャップ４ａと下部磁気ギャップ４ｂを設け全体として２組のヨークと磁石からなる磁気回路５を構成してフレーム６に結合している。また、ボイスコイル７は上部磁気ギャップ４ａと下部磁気ギャップ４ｂに上部コイル８ａと下部コイル８ｂがそれぞれ挿入できるように中心９の周辺に巻回されている。１０は略中央で上部コイル８ａに結合し外周でエッジ部１１を介して上記フレーム６に結合する振動板であり、１２は略中央で下部コイル８ｂに結合し外周で上記磁気回路５に結合するダンパーである。
【００１５】
以上のように構成されたスピーカについて図１を用いてその動作を説明する。まず上部磁気ギャップ４ａと下部磁気ギャップ４ｂにそれぞれ配置された上部コイル部８ａ、下部コイル部８ｂに音声電流が流れるとボイスコイル７は音声電流の向きに応じて振動するため、このボイスコイル７に結合している振動板１０を通して外部に音波を放射させる。
【００１６】
以上の構成としたことにより、スピーカを小口径もしくは横幅の狭い細長構造としても従来技術に比べダンパー１２と振動板１０の外周のエッジ部１１の幅を大きくできるため支持系全体のスティフネスを小さく、大入力振幅にも耐えうることができると共に、振動板１０の長軸方向に均一に、かつ直接振動板１０に上部コイル８ａの振動エネルギーが伝わるようにできるものである。
【００１７】
以上のように本実施の形態によれば振動板１０のエッジ部１１とダンパー１２の面積を最大限に大きくできると共に、ボイスコイル７の振動エネルギーをより均一にして直接振動板１０に伝達するため、耐入力及び低音再生と音圧周波数特性の平坦性に優れたスピーカの供給を実現できるものである。
【００１８】
なお、上記実施の形態では、振動板１０はフレーム６に結合したものとして説明したが磁気回路５に結合しても良く、ダンパー１２はフレーム６に結合しても良いものである。
【００１９】
（実施の形態２）
本発明の他の実施の形態を図４より説明する。なお、実施の形態１と同一箇所は同一番号を付し、説明を省略して説明する。
【００２０】
図４は本発明の他の実施の形態の断面図である。同図によると、実施の形態１との相違点は磁石１ｂの位置であり、磁石１ａと磁石１ｂとの間に上部磁気ギャップ４ａを設けている点であり、動作は実施の形態１と同様の動作をするものである。
【００２１】
（実施の形態３）
本発明の他の実施の形態を図５より説明する。なお、実施の形態１と同一箇所は同一番号を付し、説明を省略して説明する。
【００２２】
図５は本発明の他の実施の形態の断面図である。同図によると、実施の形態１との相違点は磁石１ｂを設けないで上部磁気ギャップ４ａ及び下部磁気ギャップ４ｂを構成している点であり、図５に明らかなようにヨーク２ｂは両端に突部を設けた形状となっている。動作は実施の形態１と同様の動作をするものである。
【００２３】
（実施の形態４）
本発明の他の実施の形態を図６より説明する。なお、実施の形態１と同一箇所は同一番号を付し、説明を省略して説明する。
【００２４】
図６は本発明の他の実施の形態の断面図である。同図によると、実施の形態１との相違点は振動板１０を設けないでボイスコイル７の上部コイル８ａの外周にフレーム６もしくは磁気回路５に外周を結合するエッジ部１１を設け上部コイル８ａから直接外部に音波を放射するように構成している点であり、振動板１０での伝達ロスをなくし過度特性の向上を図ったものである。
【００２５】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明のスピーカは、上下二つの平行した且つ磁束方向が逆となる磁気ギャップを設けた磁気回路と、この磁気回路に結合したフレームと、略中央がボイスコイルの上部に結合され外周がフレームもしくは磁気回路に結合した振動板と、略中央がボイスコイルの下部に結合し外周がフレームもしくは磁気回路に結合したダンパーとで構成したことにより、小口径及び横幅を狭くした細長構造をとっても振動板周辺のエッジとダンパーの面積を最大限に広くし振動系全体のスティフネスを下げて最低共振周波数ｆ０を低くすると共に大入力時の振幅にも追従でき、しかもボイスコイルの振動エネルギーをより均一により直接振動板に伝達するため、耐入力及び低音再生と音圧周波数特性の向上が図れるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施の形態のスピーカの断面図
【図２】同要部である磁気回路の斜視図
【図３】同要部であるボイスコイルの斜視図
【図４】同他の実施の形態のスピーカの断面図
【図５】同他の実施の形態のスピーカの断面図
【図６】同他の実施の形態のスピーカの断面図
【図７】従来のスピーカの断面図
【符号の説明】
１ａ，１ｂ磁石
２ａ，２ｂヨーク
３磁束
４ａ上部磁気ギャップ
４ｂ下部磁気ギャップ
５磁気回路
６フレーム
７ボイスコイル
８ａ上部コイル
８ｂ下部コイル
９中心
１０振動板
１１エッジ部
１２ダンパー[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a speaker used in various video / audio devices.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional speaker will be described with reference to a sectional view of FIG. In this figure, a plate 13 formed in a disk shape is provided with a magnetic gap 15 having a constant distance between the inner periphery of a yoke 14 and a magnetic circuit 16 in which a magnetic flux 16 radiates through the magnetic gap 15. 17 is configured together with the magnet 18.
[0003]
Reference numeral 19 denotes a voice coil including at least a bobbin portion 20 formed in a cylindrical shape and a coil portion 21 wound around the outer periphery of the bobbin portion 20 and inserted into the magnetic gap 15. And the outer periphery is coupled to the inner periphery of a damper 25 coupled to the frame 23, and the coil portion 21 is inserted into an appropriate position of the magnetic gap 15. So that it is supported.
[0004]
In the speaker configured as described above, when a voice current flows through the coil portion 21 of the voice coil 19, the voice coil 19 vibrates up and down according to the direction of the voice current, and the diaphragm coupled to the voice coil 19. 24 also vibrates in the same way and is radiated to the outside as a sound wave. Reference numeral 26 denotes a dust cap.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above speaker is
(1) When the outer diameter or the width is reduced, the magnetic circuit 17 is naturally reduced and the efficiency of sound reproduction is reduced.
(2) If the outer diameter or width is reduced, the widths of the damper 25 and the edge portion 22 are also reduced, so that the vibration system stiffness is increased, the lowest resonance frequency f0 is increased, and low-frequency range reproduction is difficult and the amplitude at the time of large input is increased. I cannot follow.
(3) If the lateral width is narrowed and the shape of the diaphragm 24 is also elongated, the driving force is transmitted only to the central portion of the diaphragm 24, so that a split resonance occurs in the major axis direction, which is a peak in the frequency characteristics of the reproduced sound pressure.・ Dips will cause sound quality degradation.
(4) Since the driving force generated in the coil portion 21 of the voice coil 19 is once transmitted to the bobbin portion 20 and then propagated to the diaphragm 24, a transmission loss occurs in the bobbin portion 20 and the excessive characteristics are not good.
It had the problem that.
[0006]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides a speaker having excellent reproduction sound pressure frequency characteristics and excessive characteristics, which can improve efficiency and input resistance even when the narrow diameter and narrow shape are narrow. It is.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a speaker according to the present invention is a yoke in which a magnet is coupled to at least one end side to form a protrusion, and another protrusion protruding in the same direction as the magnet is formed on the other end side. Facing each other, a magnetic circuit having two parallel magnetic gaps with different magnetic flux directions formed between opposing upper and lower protrusions, a voice coil having a coil inserted into the magnetic circuit, and the voice at the center. The diaphragm is connected to the upper part of the coil and the outer periphery is connected to the frame or magnetic circuit, and the damper is connected to the lower part of the voice coil and the outer periphery is connected to the frame or magnetic circuit. excellent scan aperture and also the transverse width of a narrow elongated structure model improves efficiency and input resistance of the reproduced sound pressure, moreover reproduced sound pressure frequency set lower minimum resonance frequency f ₀ It is those that can provide over mosquitoes.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a yoke is formed by coupling a magnet to at least one end side to form a protrusion, and forming another protrusion protruding in the same direction as the magnet on the other end side. A magnetic circuit having two upper and lower parallel magnetic gaps facing each other and having opposite magnetic flux directions opposite to each other, a frame coupled to the magnetic circuit, and a magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit A voice coil having a coil inserted therein, a diaphragm having a substantially center coupled to the upper part of the voice coil and an outer periphery coupled to the frame or the magnetic circuit, and a substantially center coupled to the lower part of the voice coil. Consisting of a frame or a damper coupled to the magnetic circuit, the support system's amplitude can follow a large input even with an elongated structure with a small diameter and narrow width, and the lowest resonance frequency ₀ set low and in which is flattened in the reproduction sound pressure frequency.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, two yokes combined with the magnet of the configuration of the magnetic circuit according to the first aspect face each other, and the direction of the magnetic flux is reversed between the yoke and the yoke and between the magnet and the magnet. The magnetic circuit is provided with two parallel upper and lower magnetic gaps, and performs the same function as the speaker according to claim 1.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the yoke of the magnetic circuit structure according to the first aspect of the present invention is combined with a magnet so that the other yoke faces each other, and a magnetic flux is generated between the yoke and the yoke. The magnetic circuit is provided with two parallel upper and lower magnetic gaps whose directions are opposite to each other. The number of components can be reduced as compared with the speaker according to claim 1, and the function similar to that of claim 1 can be achieved at a lower cost. is there.
[0011]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, only the edge connecting the outer periphery to the frame or the magnetic circuit is provided on the outer periphery of the upper coil of the voice coil, and directly from the voice coil without using the diaphragm according to the first, second or third aspect. It is configured to radiate sound waves to the outside to reduce transmission loss.
[0012]
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the speaker of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0013]
(Embodiment 1)
1 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a magnetic circuit that is the main part, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a voice coil that is the main part. .
[0014]
According to the figure, 1a is a magnet, which is coupled to the end of the yoke 2a. Similarly, the magnet 1b and the yoke 2b are coupled to the end of the yoke 2b . The yokes 2a and 2b are L-shaped as shown in the figure, and the yoke 2a and the magnet 1a, and the yoke 2b and the magnet 1b are U-shaped with protrusions at both ends. The magnetic gap 4a and the lower magnetic gap 4b are provided so that the magnetic flux 3 penetrates in the opposite direction between the yokes and the magnets, so that a magnetic circuit 5 comprising two sets of yokes and magnets is constructed as a whole to constitute the frame 6 Is bound to. The voice coil 7 is wound around the center 9 so that the upper coil 8a and the lower coil 8b can be inserted into the upper magnetic gap 4a and the lower magnetic gap 4b, respectively. Reference numeral 10 denotes a diaphragm which is coupled to the upper coil 8a at the approximate center and is coupled to the frame 6 via the edge portion 11 at the outer periphery, and 12 is coupled to the lower coil 8b at the approximate center and is coupled to the magnetic circuit 5 at the outer periphery. It is a damper.
[0015]
The operation of the speaker configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. First, when a voice current flows through the upper coil portion 8a and the lower coil portion 8b respectively disposed in the upper magnetic gap 4a and the lower magnetic gap 4b, the voice coil 7 vibrates in accordance with the direction of the voice current. Sound waves are radiated to the outside through the combined diaphragm 10.
[0016]
By adopting the above configuration, the width of the edge portion 11 on the outer periphery of the damper 12 and the diaphragm 10 can be increased as compared with the prior art even if the speaker has an elongated structure with a small aperture or a narrow lateral width, so that the stiffness of the entire support system is reduced. In addition to being able to withstand a large input amplitude, the vibration energy of the upper coil 8a can be transmitted directly to the diaphragm 10 uniformly in the long axis direction of the diaphragm 10.
[0017]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the area of the edge portion 11 and the damper 12 of the diaphragm 10 can be maximized, and the vibration energy of the voice coil 7 can be made more uniform and transmitted directly to the diaphragm 10. Therefore, it is possible to provide a speaker that is excellent in input resistance, low-pitched sound reproduction and flatness of sound pressure frequency characteristics.
[0018]
In the above embodiment, the diaphragm 10 is described as being coupled to the frame 6, but may be coupled to the magnetic circuit 5, and the damper 12 may be coupled to the frame 6.
[0019]
(Embodiment 2)
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0020]
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention. According to the figure, the difference from the first embodiment is the position of the magnet 1b, that is, the upper magnetic gap 4a is provided between the magnet 1a and the magnet 1b, and the operation is the same as in the first embodiment. It is the operation of.
[0021]
(Embodiment 3)
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0022]
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention. According to the figure, the difference from the first embodiment is that the upper magnetic gap 4a and the lower magnetic gap 4b are formed without providing the magnet 1b, and as shown in FIG. 5, the yoke 2b is provided at both ends. It has a shape with protrusions. The operation is the same as in the first embodiment.
[0023]
(Embodiment 4)
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0024]
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention. According to the figure, the difference from the first embodiment is that the diaphragm 10 is not provided and the upper coil 8a of the voice coil 7 is provided with the edge portion 11 for connecting the outer periphery to the frame 6 or the magnetic circuit 5 on the outer periphery of the upper coil 8a. In this configuration, sound waves are directly radiated from the outside to the outside, and transmission loss in the diaphragm 10 is eliminated to improve excessive characteristics.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the speaker of the present invention has a magnetic circuit provided with a magnetic gap in which two upper and lower parallel magnetic flux directions are reversed, a frame coupled to the magnetic circuit, and a substantially center coupled to the upper part of the voice coil. A slender structure with a narrow aperture and a narrow lateral width, which is composed of a diaphragm whose outer periphery is coupled to the frame or magnetic circuit, and a damper whose middle is coupled to the lower part of the voice coil and whose outer periphery is coupled to the frame or magnetic circuit. The edge of the diaphragm and the area of the damper are maximized, the stiffness of the entire vibration system is lowered, the minimum resonance frequency f0 is lowered, the amplitude at the time of large input can be followed, and the vibration energy of the voice coil is further increased. Since the signal is directly transmitted to the diaphragm in a uniform manner, input resistance, bass reproduction, and sound pressure frequency characteristics can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a magnetic circuit as the main part. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a voice coil as the main part. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker according to another embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker according to another embodiment. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional speaker. Explanation of symbols]
1a, 1b Magnet 2a, 2b Yoke 3 Magnetic flux 4a Upper magnetic gap 4b Lower magnetic gap 5 Magnetic circuit 6 Frame 7 Voice coil 8a Upper coil 8b Lower coil 9 Center 10 Diaphragm 11 Edge 12 Damper

Claims

At least one yoke is coupled to at least one end to form a protrusion, and the other end is formed with another protrusion protruding in the same direction as the magnet. a magnetic circuit respectively of the magnetic flux direction is provided with a magnetic gap top and bottom two parallel were to be reversed in a frame coupled to the magnetic circuit, a voice coil coil in the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit is inserted, a substantially central The diaphragm is coupled to the upper part of the voice coil and the outer periphery is coupled to the frame or the magnetic circuit, and the substantially center is coupled to the lower part of the voice coil and the outer periphery is coupled to the frame or the magnetic circuit. Speaker.

2. The magnetic circuit according to claim 1, comprising two yokes coupled to magnets facing each other and providing two parallel magnetic gaps that are opposite to each other in the direction of magnetic flux between the yokes and yokes and between the magnets. Speaker.

2. A magnetic circuit comprising a yoke coupled with a magnet and another yoke facing each other, and two parallel upper and lower magnetic gaps opposite to each other in the direction of magnetic flux between the magnet and the yoke. The speaker described.

The speaker according to claim 1, wherein an edge for coupling the outer periphery to a frame or a magnetic circuit is provided on the outer periphery of the upper coil of the voice coil so that sound waves are directly radiated from the voice coil without using a diaphragm.