JP3811287B2 - Method for producing acrylamide polymer composition - Google Patents

Method for producing acrylamide polymer composition Download PDF

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JP3811287B2
JP3811287B2 JP07502598A JP7502598A JP3811287B2 JP 3811287 B2 JP3811287 B2 JP 3811287B2 JP 07502598 A JP07502598 A JP 07502598A JP 7502598 A JP7502598 A JP 7502598A JP 3811287 B2 JP3811287 B2 JP 3811287B2
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acid
acrylamide
group
polymerization
polymer composition
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JPH11255830A (en
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昌明 瀬谷
純 細田
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Dia Nitrix Co Ltd
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Dia Nitrix Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は高分子量で且つ水溶液での安定性に優れたアクリルアミド系重合体組成物の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
アクリルアミド系重合体は高分子凝集剤、抄紙用粘剤、製紙用歩留まり向上剤、石油回収用薬剤、掘削泥水用増粘剤等多くの分野で用いられており、いずれの場合も通常、水溶液として使用される。
又、アクリルアミド系重合体は、主として単量体を水溶液中で重合することにより得られる。得られた重合体は通常、乾燥、粉砕により粉末状重合体となる。
重合容器容積あたりの生産性、乾燥負荷の低減等の面からこの水溶液重合時の単量体濃度は高い方が好ましい。しかし高濃度の単量体水溶液は重合の進行とともに著しく粘度が高くなり、攪拌することが不可能となる。このため、重合熱の除去が困難となるので、重合熱の除去は行わず、成り行きに任せる場合が多い。
【0003】
例えば、仕込みアクリルアミド単量体の濃度が25重量%のとき、反応系の温度上昇は約75℃に達する。従って、水溶液重合で重合完結時の温度を100℃未満に抑え、且つ高い単量体濃度で重合を行うには、重合開始温度を25℃以下というような低温にせざるを得ない。
【0004】
このことから、重合開始剤としては過硫酸カリウム、過酸化水素などの過酸化物と二価鉄イオン、亜硫酸水素ソーダ等の還元剤を併用する活性化エネルギーの低い酸化還元系開始剤、あるいは酸化還元系開始剤とアゾ系開始剤の併用系が好んで用いられる。
【0005】
しかし、このような開始剤系を用いて得たアクリルアミド系重合体は、水溶液とした場合に劣化を起こしやすいという問題がある。例えば、このような開始剤系を用いて得たアクリルアミド系重合体水溶液を室温下で放置すると当初示していた水溶液粘度の値が大きく低下するという現象が認められる。
この現象は高温下に置くと更に加速され、甚だしい場合には目的とする用途への使用が不可能となる場合もある。
重合体の分解の原因については未だ明確に解明されていないが、水中の溶存酸素などの関与するラジカル反応に基づくものと考えられている。
【0006】
この解決策の一つとして、重合体水溶液中に安定化効果のある化合物を添加する方法が考えられており、例えば、ベンゾトリアゾール、2-メルカプトベンゾチアゾール、ジメチルジチオカルバミン酸の金属塩、チオ尿素、2-メルカプトベンゾイミダゾール、メチオニン等種々の化合物が提案されている。
又、重合体への安定剤の混合方法としては、重合体粉末中に混合する方法、含水重合体ゲル中に混合する方法がある。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記のような従来から検討されてきた各種安定剤は、安定化効果が充分とはいえず、実質上有効な安定剤は見出されていないのが現状である。
又、安定剤の混合方法においても、重合体粉末に混合する方法では安定剤と重合体粉末を均一に混合するのは困難で、場合によっては一旦混合しても殆ど分離してしまう場合もある。又、含水重合体ゲル中に混合する方法では、粘性の高いゲル中に安定剤を均一混合することは困難であり、特別な混合装置が必要となる。このため、製造工程が複雑になるとともにコスト高にもなる。
【0008】
単量体が重合する前の単量体水溶液に安定剤を添加混合する方法が最も安定剤を均一に分散でき、製造工程も簡略となり有利な方法であるが、上記のような安定剤の場合は、安定化効果が低い、あるいは、重合前に安定剤を混合すると、酸化還元系開始剤への安定剤の影響により、重合速度が低下して、ポリマーの生産性が悪くなり、甚だしい場合には、重合が進行しなくなる場合もある。
そこで、より優れた安定化効果を有し、しかも単量体水溶液に添加して重合しても重合を阻害しない安定剤と酸化還元系開始剤の組合せの出現が強く要望されていた。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等はこのような状況に鑑み、鋭意検討した結果、(イ)サリチル酸、アントラニル酸、5-スルホサリチル酸、5-ニトロサリチル酸、2,4-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸、2,6-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸、4-アミノサリチル酸、5-メチルサリチル酸、2,3-クレソチン酸、2,4-クレソチン酸及びそれらの塩から選ばれた1種以上と、(ロ)特定のアミノポリカルボン酸化合物及びそれらの塩よりなる群から選ばれる1種以上の混合物(以下、安定剤という)が重合体水溶液の安定化剤とし
て優れた性能を発揮することを見出した。
【0010】
しかし、これらの安定剤を単量体水溶液に添加して一般的に使用される酸化還元系開始剤、例えば、有機ヒドロペルオキシド/鉄系レドックス開始剤、過硫酸カリウム/亜硫酸水素ソーダ系レドックス開始剤を用いて重合をした場合、重合速度が低下し、時として重合が進行しない場合もあった。そこで、更に種々の酸化還元系開始剤について検討した結果、特定の酸化還元系開始剤の組合せの場合のみ、安定剤を単量体水溶液に添加しても、安定剤の存在の有無に係わらず重合が進行し、優れた物性を有する重合体が得られることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
【0011】
即ち、本発明の要旨は、アクリルアミド単量体又はアクリルアミド25モル%以上とこれと共重合可能な単量体少なくとも1種とあわせて100モル%からなる単量体混合物を、水性媒体中、(イ)サリチル酸、アントラニル酸、5-スルホサリチル酸、5-ニトロサリチル酸、2,4-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸、2,6-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸、4-アミノサリチル酸、5-メチルサリチル酸、2,3-クレソチン酸、2,4-クレソチン酸及びそれらの塩から選ばれた1種以上と、(ロ)分子中に少なくとも1個の−N(R1 )R2 基あるいは-NH(R3 )基を有するアミノポリカルボン酸化合物及びその塩よりなる群から選ばれる1種以上の存在下、有機ヒドロペルオキシドと、亜二チオン酸及び/又はその塩からなる酸化還元系開始剤を用いて重合することを特徴とするアクリルアミド系重合体組成物の製造法にある。
(但しR1 及びR2 は各々独立にCH2 COOH又はCH2 CH2 COOHを、R3 はCH(CH2 COOH)COOHを示す)
【0012】
アクリルアミド系重合体組成物に対する安定剤の添加量は特に限定されるものではなく、アクリルアミド系重合体水溶液がさらされる雰囲気の程度、放置期間などにより適宜加減すればよいが、アクリルアミド系重合体に対して0.01〜20重量%添加することが好ましい。即ち、安定化効果を充分に発揮させるためには0.01重量%以上添加することが好ましく、20重量%を超えても、さほど添加による効果の更なる向上が見られない。
【0013】
本発明において、アミノポリカルボン酸化合物とは分子中に少なくとも1個の(置換)アミノ基と複数のカルボン酸基を有する化合物を意味し、分子中に少なくとも1個の−N(R1 )R2 基あるいは−NH(R3 )基を有するアミノポリカルボン酸化合物(但しR1 、R2 、R3 は上述と同様の意味を表す)の具体例としてはエチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸(以下、EDTAという)、プロピレンジアミンテトラ酢酸(以下、PDTAという)、ジエチレントリアミンペンタ酢酸(以下、DTPAという)、エチレンジアミンテトラプロピオン酸(以下、EDTPという)、エチレンジアミンジコハク酸(以下、EDDSという)、アスパラギン酸ジ酢酸(以下、ASDAという)、ニトリロトリ酢酸(以下、NTAという)等が例示できる。
【0014】
本発明において、(ロ)成分としては、EDTA、PDTA、DTPA、EDDS、ASDAが好ましい。
【0015】
(ロ)分子中に少なくとも1個の−N(R1 )R2 基あるいは−NH(R3 )基を有するアミノポリカルボン酸化合物及びその塩の、安定剤量に対する比率は、特に限定はないが、50重量%以下であることが好ましく、20重量%以下であることがより好ましい。(但しR1 、R2 、R3は上述と同様の意味を表す)
【0016】
安定剤中のカルボン酸基はフリーの酸であってもよく、塩であってもよい。塩としてはナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、アンモニウム塩や、トリメチルアンモニウム塩、トリエチルアンモニウム塩などの有機アンモニウム塩を例示できるが、これらに限定されるものではない。又、アミノ基はフリーのアミノ基であってもよく、塩酸塩、硝酸塩、炭酸塩、硫酸塩、燐酸塩、有機酸塩等の塩であってもよい。
【0017】
本発明において、酸化還元系開始剤の酸化成分である有機ヒドロペルオキシドは、通常重合開始に用いられる有機ヒドロペルオキシドであればどのようなものも用いうるが、t-ブチルヒドロペルオキシド、クメンヒドロペルオキシド、2,5-ジメチルヘキサン -2,5-ジヒドロペルオキシド、1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチルヒドロペルオキシドを好ましい有機ヒドロペルオキシドとして例示できる。
【0018】
還元剤成分としては亜二チオン酸又はその塩を用いる必要があるが、重合阻害などの弊害を実質的に生じない程度の種類、量であれば、従来酸化還元開始剤の還元剤として用いられている亜硫酸ソーダ、ナトリウムホルムアルデヒドスルホキシレート、硫酸第一鉄、塩化第一鉄等の還元剤を併用することもできる。
【0019】
本発明においては、酸化還元系開始剤のみでもよいが、更にアゾ系開始剤を併用することもできる。アゾ系開始剤を併用することにより、残存モノマー量を低減する効果がある。アゾ系開始剤は、通常、重合開始剤として用いられるものであれば、どのようなアゾ系開始剤も用いることができるが、 2,2'-アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)2塩酸塩、 4,4'-アゾビス(4-シアノバレリン酸)及びアゾビスイソブチロニトリルを例示できる。
【0020】
重合仕込み液のpHは、用いる酸化還元系開始剤が活性となる温度を考慮し、重合前の誘導期間、生成する重合体の分子量とその重合体の溶解性などを勘案して、pH2〜9、好ましくはpH4〜7の範囲で適切なpHを選べばよい。
【0021】
本発明において使用される単量体はアクリルアミド単独であってもよく、アクリルアミド25モル%以上とこれと共重合可能な単量体少なくとも1種とあわせて100モル%からなる単量体混合物であってもよい。アクリルアミドと共重合可能な単量体としては、例えば、メタクリルアミド、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸あるいはこれらの塩、2-アクリルアミド -2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸などのアクリルアミドプロパンスルホン酸およびそれらの塩、N-ビニルピロリドン、ジアルキルアミノアルキルエステル及びこれらの塩及び4級アンモニウム塩、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸ブチル、メタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチルなどのアクリル酸およびメタクリル酸の低級アクリルエステルを挙げることができる。
【0022】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を用いて、本発明を更に詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
なお、実施例において、部は特に他に規定をしない限り、重量部を表す。
【0023】
実施例1
イオン交換水72部、アクリルアミド20部、アクリル酸8部よりなる単量体水溶液にサリチル酸0.28部、エチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸0.01部を加え、水酸化ナトリウムを用いてpHを6に調整後、デュワー瓶に入れ、系内を窒素で置換後、10℃でt-ブチルヒドロペルオキシド0.0002部、亜二チオン酸ソーダ0.0004部、 2,2'-アゾビス−(2-アミジノプロパン)2塩酸塩0.06部を加えた。開始剤添加3分後に温度が上昇し始め、温度上昇開始から40分後に最高到達温度に達した。得られた含水重合体ゲルをデュワー瓶より抜きだし、粒状に解砕、乾燥後、約2mm以下に粉砕し、水溶性重合体組成物を得た。
【0024】
イオン交換水に塩化ナトリウムが140ppm、塩化カルシウムが160ppmとなるように溶解した溶液に、得られた重合体組成物を0.05重量%となるように加え、攪拌溶解した。こうして得られた重合体溶液の一部を80メッシュの金網で濾過し、残った不溶解のゲル状重合体の量から溶解状態を確認し、一部はB型粘度計(25℃)で粘度を測定した後、70℃に調整した恒温槽に入れた。1週間後に恒温槽から取り出し、粘度を測定し、下記式により粘度保持率を求めた。
粘度保持率=所定時間恒温槽に保持後の溶液粘度/溶解直後の溶液粘度×100
その結果を表1に示す。
【0025】
実施例2〜16
サリチル酸の代わりに同量の表1記載の化合物(化合物A)を用い、エチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸の代わりに同量の表1記載の化合物(化合物B)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして重合を行ったところ、いずれも開始剤添加から1乃至3分後から温度が上昇し始め、その後、表中の時間経過後に最高温度に達した。但し、実施例16では化合物Bを0.03部加えた。得られた重合体を実施例1と同様に処理して重合体溶液を調製し評価した。その結果を実施例1の結果とともに表1に示す。
【0026】
比較例1
サリチル酸とエチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸を加えなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして重合を行ったところ、開始剤添加3分後に温度が上昇し始め、その41分後に最高温度に達した。得られた水溶性重合体組成物を実施例1と同様に評価した。その結果も他の結果とともに表1に示す。
【0027】
【表1】

Figure 0003811287
表1の溶解性の欄において、良好は、目視で金網上に未溶解の重合体ゲルが確認できない、の意味を表す。又、表1、表2において、θp は温度上昇開始から最高到達温度に達するまでの時間(分)を示す。
【0028】
比較例2
イオン交換水72部、アクリルアミド23部、アクリル酸5部よりなる単量体水溶液にサリチル酸0.28部、エチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸0.01部を加えて、水酸化ナトリウムを用いてpHを9に調製した後、デュワー瓶に入れて窒素置換後、10℃でt−ブチルヒドロペルオキシド0.003部、テトラエチレンペンタミン0.003部、ピロリン酸鉄0.0002部,4,4’−アゾビス−(4−シアノバレリン酸)0.05部を加えた。開始剤添加後3時間放置したが、重合は進行しなかった。
【0029】
比較例3
サリチル酸とエチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸を添加しなかった以外は比較例2と同様に重合を行ったところ、開始剤添加1分後に温度が上昇し始め、温度上昇開始から1時間後に最高温度に達した。その後、実施例1と同様にして得られた重合体組成物の粘度保持率を測定したところ、23%であった。
【0030】
比較例4
イオン交換水73部、アクリルアミド20部、アクリル酸7部からなる単量体水溶液にサリチル酸0.27部、エチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸0.01部を加え、水酸化ナトリウムを加えてpHを7にしたものをデュワー瓶に入れ、系内を窒素置換後、10℃で過硫酸カリウム0.002部、亜硫酸水素ソーダ0.002部、 2,2'-アゾビス−(2-アミジノプロパン)2塩酸塩0.02部を加え重合させた。
開始剤添加10分後に温度の上昇が開始したが、重合初期の昇温速度が遅く、最高温度に達するまでに240分という長時間を要した。
【0031】
比較例5〜比較例19
サリチル酸の代わりに、表2記載の化合物A(0.27部)および化合物B(0.01部)を添加した以外は比較例4と同様にして、開始剤を添加した。この時の重合挙動を比較例3の結果とともに表2に示す。
【0032】
【表2】
Figure 0003811287
【0033】
比較例20
サリチル酸とエチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸を添加しなかった以外は比較例4と同様に重合を行ったところ、開始剤添加5分後に温度が上昇し始め、その90分後に最高温度に達した。その後、実施例1と同様にして得られた重合体組成物の粘度保持率を測定したところ、24%であった。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
本発明の方法によれば、25℃以下という低い重合開始温度で、短い重合時間で高分子量で且つ溶解性のよいアクリルアミド系重合体組成物を生産性良く得ることができ、しかも得られた重合体は従来の製法によるものに比べ水溶液の安定性が高く、室温は勿論のこと、70℃という高温でも優れた安定性を示す。[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a method for producing an acrylamide polymer composition having a high molecular weight and excellent stability in an aqueous solution.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Acrylamide polymers are used in many fields, such as polymer flocculants, papermaking viscosities, paper yield improvers, oil recovery agents, and drilling mud thickeners. used.
The acrylamide polymer is obtained mainly by polymerizing monomers in an aqueous solution. The obtained polymer usually becomes a powdery polymer by drying and grinding.
From the standpoints of productivity per polymerization vessel volume, reduction of drying load, etc., it is preferable that the monomer concentration during the aqueous solution polymerization is high. However, the aqueous monomer solution having a high concentration becomes remarkably high in viscosity with the progress of polymerization and cannot be stirred. For this reason, since it is difficult to remove the polymerization heat, the removal of the polymerization heat is not performed, and it is often left to the end.
[0003]
For example, when the concentration of the charged acrylamide monomer is 25% by weight, the temperature rise of the reaction system reaches about 75 ° C. Therefore, in order to suppress the temperature at the completion of polymerization by aqueous solution polymerization to less than 100 ° C. and perform polymerization at a high monomer concentration, the polymerization initiation temperature must be as low as 25 ° C. or less.
[0004]
Therefore, as a polymerization initiator, a redox initiator having a low activation energy using a peroxide such as potassium persulfate or hydrogen peroxide and a reducing agent such as divalent iron ion or sodium hydrogen sulfite, or an oxidation A combined system of a reducing initiator and an azo initiator is preferably used.
[0005]
However, the acrylamide polymer obtained by using such an initiator system has a problem that it tends to be deteriorated when it is made into an aqueous solution. For example, when an aqueous acrylamide polymer solution obtained using such an initiator system is allowed to stand at room temperature, a phenomenon that the viscosity value of the aqueous solution initially shown is greatly reduced.
This phenomenon is further accelerated when placed at a high temperature, and in severe cases, it may be impossible to use it for the intended purpose.
The cause of polymer degradation has not yet been clearly clarified, but is believed to be based on radical reactions involving dissolved oxygen in water.
[0006]
As one of the solutions, a method of adding a compound having a stabilizing effect to an aqueous polymer solution is considered, for example, benzotriazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, dimethyldithiocarbamic acid metal salt, thiourea, Various compounds such as 2-mercaptobenzimidazole and methionine have been proposed.
In addition, as a method of mixing the stabilizer with the polymer, there are a method of mixing in a polymer powder and a method of mixing in a hydrous polymer gel.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the various stabilizers that have been studied in the past are not sufficient in stabilizing effect, and no effective stabilizer has been found at present.
In addition, in the method of mixing the stabilizer, it is difficult to mix the stabilizer and the polymer powder uniformly with the method of mixing with the polymer powder, and in some cases, it may be almost separated even after mixing. . Further, in the method of mixing in the hydropolymer gel, it is difficult to uniformly mix the stabilizer in the highly viscous gel, and a special mixing device is required. This complicates the manufacturing process and increases the cost.
[0008]
The method of adding and mixing the stabilizer to the aqueous monomer solution before the monomer is polymerized is the most advantageous method because it can disperse the stabilizer most uniformly and simplifies the production process. If the stabilizing effect is low, or if a stabilizer is mixed before polymerization, the polymerization rate decreases due to the effect of the stabilizer on the redox initiator, resulting in poor polymer productivity. In some cases, polymerization may not proceed.
Accordingly, there has been a strong demand for the appearance of a combination of a stabilizer and a redox initiator that has a more excellent stabilizing effect and that does not inhibit polymerization even when added to an aqueous monomer solution and polymerized.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies in view of such circumstances, the present inventors have found that (i) salicylic acid, anthranilic acid, 5-sulfosalicylic acid, 5-nitrosalicylic acid, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid. One or more selected from 4-aminosalicylic acid, 5-methylsalicylic acid, 2,3-cresotic acid, 2,4-cresetic acid and salts thereof, and (b) specific aminopolycarboxylic acid compounds and their It has been found that one or more mixtures selected from the group consisting of salts (hereinafter referred to as stabilizers) exhibit excellent performance as stabilizers for aqueous polymer solutions.
[0010]
However, a redox initiator generally used by adding these stabilizers to an aqueous monomer solution, such as an organic hydroperoxide / iron-based redox initiator, potassium persulfate / sodium hydrogensulfite-based redox initiator When the polymerization was carried out using a polymer, the polymerization rate decreased, and sometimes the polymerization did not proceed. Therefore, as a result of further investigation on various oxidation-reduction initiators, even when a stabilizer is added to the monomer aqueous solution only in the case of a specific oxidation-reduction initiator combination, regardless of the presence or absence of the stabilizer. The inventors have found that the polymerization proceeds and a polymer having excellent physical properties is obtained, and the present invention has been achieved.
[0011]
That is, the gist of the present invention is that an acrylamide monomer or a monomer mixture consisting of 25 mol% or more of acrylamide and at least one monomer copolymerizable with acrylamide in an aqueous medium (100 mol%) B) Salicylic acid, anthranilic acid, 5-sulfosalicylic acid, 5-nitrosalicylic acid, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-aminosalicylic acid, 5-methylsalicylic acid, 2,3-cresotic acid, One or more selected from 2,4-cresotenic acid and salts thereof, and (b) an aminopoly having at least one —N (R 1 ) R 2 group or —NH (R 3 ) group in the molecule In the presence of one or more selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid compounds and salts thereof, polymerization is carried out using an organic hydroperoxide and a redox initiator comprising dithionite and / or a salt thereof. A In the preparation of Riruamido polymer composition.
(However, R 1 and R 2 each independently represent CH 2 COOH or CH 2 CH 2 COOH, and R 3 represents CH (CH 2 COOH) COOH)
[0012]
The amount of the stabilizer added to the acrylamide polymer composition is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted depending on the degree of the atmosphere to which the acrylamide polymer aqueous solution is exposed and the standing period. It is preferable to add 0.01 to 20% by weight. That is, in order to fully exhibit the stabilizing effect, it is preferable to add 0.01% by weight or more, and even if it exceeds 20% by weight, the effect of the addition is not so much improved.
[0013]
In the present invention, the aminopolycarboxylic acid compound means a compound having at least one (substituted) amino group and a plurality of carboxylic acid groups in the molecule, and at least one —N (R 1 ) R in the molecule. Specific examples of the aminopolycarboxylic acid compound having two groups or —NH (R 3 ) group (where R 1 , R 2 and R 3 represent the same meanings as described above) include ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (hereinafter referred to as EDTA). , Propylenediaminetetraacetic acid (hereinafter referred to as PDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (hereinafter referred to as DTPA), ethylenediaminetetrapropionic acid (hereinafter referred to as EDTP), ethylenediamine disuccinic acid (hereinafter referred to as EDDS), aspartic acid diacetic acid (hereinafter referred to as DTPA). , ASDA), nitrilotriacetic acid (hereinafter referred to as NTA), and the like.
[0014]
In the present invention, the component (b) is preferably EDTA, PDTA, DTPA, EDDS, or ASDA.
[0015]
(B) The ratio of the aminopolycarboxylic acid compound having at least one —N (R 1 ) R 2 group or —NH (R 3 ) group and its salt in the molecule to the amount of the stabilizer is not particularly limited. However, it is preferable that it is 50 weight% or less, and it is more preferable that it is 20 weight% or less. (However, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 represent the same meaning as described above.)
[0016]
The carboxylic acid group in the stabilizer may be a free acid or a salt. Examples of the salt include sodium salts, potassium salts, ammonium salts, and organic ammonium salts such as trimethylammonium salt and triethylammonium salt, but are not limited thereto. The amino group may be a free amino group or a salt such as hydrochloride, nitrate, carbonate, sulfate, phosphate, or organic acid salt.
[0017]
In the present invention, the organic hydroperoxide that is an oxidation component of the redox initiator can be any organic hydroperoxide that is usually used for initiating polymerization, but t-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-dihydroperoxide and 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl hydroperoxide can be exemplified as preferred organic hydroperoxides.
[0018]
As the reducing agent component, dithionic acid or a salt thereof must be used. However, if it is of a kind and amount that does not substantially cause adverse effects such as polymerization inhibition, it has been conventionally used as a reducing agent for redox initiators. A reducing agent such as sodium sulfite, sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, ferrous sulfate, and ferrous chloride can be used in combination.
[0019]
In the present invention, only the redox initiator may be used, but an azo initiator may be used in combination. Use of an azo initiator together has an effect of reducing the amount of residual monomer. As the azo initiator, any azo initiator can be used as long as it is usually used as a polymerization initiator, but 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, 4 4,4'-azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid) and azobisisobutyronitrile.
[0020]
In consideration of the temperature at which the oxidation-reduction initiator used becomes active, the pH of the polymerization solution is 2-9, taking into consideration the induction period before polymerization, the molecular weight of the polymer produced, the solubility of the polymer, and the like. An appropriate pH may be selected, preferably in the range of pH 4-7.
[0021]
The monomer used in the present invention may be acrylamide alone, or a monomer mixture composed of 25 mol% or more of acrylamide and 100 mol% in combination with at least one monomer copolymerizable therewith. May be. Examples of monomers copolymerizable with acrylamide include, for example, methacrylamide, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or salts thereof, acrylamidepropanesulfonic acid such as 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, and salts thereof, N- Vinylpyrrolidone, dialkylaminoalkyl esters and their salts and quaternary ammonium salts, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and other acrylic and methacrylic acid Mention may be made of lower acrylic esters.
[0022]
【Example】
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
In the examples, “parts” represents “parts by weight” unless otherwise specified.
[0023]
Example 1
After adding 0.28 part of salicylic acid and 0.01 part of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid to a monomer aqueous solution consisting of 72 parts of ion-exchanged water, 20 parts of acrylamide and 8 parts of acrylic acid, the pH was adjusted to 6 using sodium hydroxide, Place in a dewar and replace the system with nitrogen, then at 10 ° C. 0.0002 parts t-butyl hydroperoxide, 0.0004 parts sodium dithionite, 2,2′-azobis- (2-amidinopropane) 2 0.06 part of the hydrochloride was added. The temperature started to increase 3 minutes after the initiator was added, and reached the maximum temperature 40 minutes after the start of the temperature increase. The obtained water-containing polymer gel was extracted from a Dewar bottle, crushed into granules, dried, and then pulverized to about 2 mm or less to obtain a water-soluble polymer composition.
[0024]
The resulting polymer composition was added to 0.05 wt% in a solution in which sodium chloride was dissolved in ion-exchanged water so that the concentration of sodium chloride was 140 ppm and calcium chloride was 160 ppm, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved. A part of the polymer solution thus obtained was filtered through an 80-mesh wire mesh, the dissolved state was confirmed from the amount of the remaining insoluble gel polymer, and part of the viscosity was measured with a B-type viscometer (25 ° C.). After measuring, it put into the thermostat adjusted to 70 degreeC. One week later, the product was taken out from the thermostatic chamber, the viscosity was measured, and the viscosity retention rate was determined by the following formula.
Viscosity retention ratio = solution viscosity after being held in a constant temperature bath / solution viscosity immediately after dissolution × 100
The results are shown in Table 1.
[0025]
Examples 2-16
Polymerization was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the same amount of the compound shown in Table 1 (Compound A) was used instead of salicylic acid, and the same amount of the compound shown in Table 1 (Compound B) was used instead of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. As a result, the temperature started to rise 1 to 3 minutes after the addition of the initiator, and then reached the maximum temperature after the passage of time in the table. However, in Example 16, 0.03 part of Compound B was added. The obtained polymer was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare and evaluate a polymer solution. The results are shown in Table 1 together with the results of Example 1.
[0026]
Comparative Example 1
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that salicylic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were not added. The temperature started to increase 3 minutes after the addition of the initiator, and reached the maximum temperature 41 minutes later. The obtained water-soluble polymer composition was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are also shown in Table 1 together with other results.
[0027]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003811287
In the solubility column of Table 1, “good” means that an undissolved polymer gel cannot be visually confirmed on the wire mesh. In Tables 1 and 2, θp represents the time (minutes) from the start of temperature rise to the maximum temperature reached.
[0028]
Comparative Example 2
0.28 parts of salicylic acid and 0.01 parts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were added to a monomer aqueous solution composed of 72 parts of ion-exchanged water, 23 parts of acrylamide, and 5 parts of acrylic acid, and the pH was adjusted to 9 using sodium hydroxide. Then, after putting into a Dewar bottle and replacing with nitrogen, at 10 ° C., 0.003 part of t-butyl hydroperoxide, 0.003 part of tetraethylenepentamine, 0.0002 part of iron pyrophosphate, 4,4′-azobis- (4 -Cyanovaleric acid) 0.05 parts was added. Although it was allowed to stand for 3 hours after the addition of the initiator, the polymerization did not proceed.
[0029]
Comparative Example 3
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that salicylic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were not added. As a result, the temperature began to rise 1 minute after the addition of the initiator, and reached the maximum temperature 1 hour after the start of the temperature rise. Thereafter, the viscosity retention of the polymer composition obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was measured and found to be 23%.
[0030]
Comparative Example 4
What is obtained by adding 0.27 part of salicylic acid and 0.01 part of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid to a monomer aqueous solution consisting of 73 parts of ion-exchanged water, 20 parts of acrylamide and 7 parts of acrylic acid, and adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 7. Place in a Dewar bottle and replace the system with nitrogen. At 10 ° C., 0.002 part of potassium persulfate, 0.002 part of sodium hydrogensulfite, 2,2′-azobis- (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride 0.02 Part was added and polymerized.
The temperature started to rise 10 minutes after the addition of the initiator, but the rate of temperature increase at the initial stage of polymerization was slow, and it took a long time of 240 minutes to reach the maximum temperature.
[0031]
Comparative Example 5 to Comparative Example 19
An initiator was added in the same manner as in Comparative Example 4 except that Compound A (0.27 part) and Compound B (0.01 part) shown in Table 2 were added instead of salicylic acid. The polymerization behavior at this time is shown in Table 2 together with the results of Comparative Example 3.
[0032]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003811287
[0033]
Comparative Example 20
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 4 except that salicylic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were not added. The temperature began to rise 5 minutes after the addition of the initiator, and reached the maximum temperature 90 minutes later. Thereafter, the viscosity retention of the polymer composition obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was measured and found to be 24%.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method of the present invention, an acrylamide polymer composition having a high molecular weight and good solubility can be obtained with good productivity at a polymerization initiation temperature as low as 25 ° C. or less, and in a short polymerization time. The coalescence has higher stability of the aqueous solution than that by the conventional production method, and shows excellent stability not only at room temperature but also at a high temperature of 70 ° C.

Claims (4)

アクリルアミド単量体又はアクリルアミド25モル%以上とこれと共重合可能な単量体少なくとも1種とあわせて100モル%からなる単量体混合物を、水性媒体中、(イ)サリチル酸、アントラニル酸、5-スルホサリチル酸、5-ニトロサリチル酸、2,4-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸、2,6-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸、4-アミノサリチル酸、5-メチルサリチル酸、2,3-クレソチン酸、2,4-クレソチン酸及びそれらの塩から選ばれた1種以上と、(ロ)分子中に少なくとも1個の−N(R1 )R2 基あるいは-NH(R3 )基を有するアミノポリカルボン酸化合物及びその
塩よりなる群から選ばれる1種以上の存在下、有機ヒドロペルオキシドと、亜二チオン酸及び/又はその塩からなる酸化還元系開始剤を用いて重合することを特徴とするアクリルアミド系重合体組成物の製造法。
(但しR1 及びR2 は各々独立にCH2 COOH又はCH2 CH2 COOHを、R3 はCH(CH2 COOH)COOHを示す)
An acrylamide monomer or a monomer mixture comprising 25 mol% or more of acrylamide and 100 mol% in combination with at least one monomer copolymerizable therewith is added to (a) salicylic acid, anthranilic acid, 5 in an aqueous medium. -Sulfosalicylic acid, 5-nitrosalicylic acid, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-aminosalicylic acid, 5-methylsalicylic acid, 2,3-cresotic acid, 2,4-cresotic acid and the like And (b) an aminopolycarboxylic acid compound having at least one —N (R 1 ) R 2 group or —NH (R 3 ) group in the molecule and a salt thereof. An acrylamide polymer composition characterized by polymerization using an organic hydroperoxide and a redox initiator comprising dithionite and / or a salt thereof in the presence of one or more selected from the group Method of production.
(However, R 1 and R 2 each independently represent CH 2 COOH or CH 2 CH 2 COOH, and R 3 represents CH (CH 2 COOH) COOH)
(ロ)がエチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸、プロピレンジアミンテトラ酢酸、ジエチレントリアミンペンタ酢酸、エチレンジアミンジコハク酸、アスパラギン酸ジ酢酸及びそれらの塩からなる群より選ばれる1種以上である請求項1記載のアクリルアミド系重合体組成物の製造法。  2. The acrylamide polymer according to claim 1, wherein (b) is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, propylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid, aspartic acid diacetic acid and salts thereof. A method for producing the composition. 有機ヒドロペルオキシドがt-ブチルヒドロペルオキシド、クメンヒドロペルオキシド、2,5-ジメチルヘキサン -2,5-ジヒドロペルオキシド及び1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチルヒドロペルオキシドよりなる群より選ばれた1種以上であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のアクリルアミド系重合体組成物の製造法。The organic hydroperoxide is selected from the group consisting of t-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-dihydroperoxide and 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl hydroperoxide It is the above, The manufacturing method of the acrylamide type polymer composition of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. 更にアゾ系開始剤をも併用することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載のアクリルアミド系重合体組成物の製造法。The method for producing an acrylamide polymer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an azo initiator.
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