JP3808654B2 - Recording / playback device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a recording / reproducing apparatus that reads / writes data from / to a recording medium, such as a magneto-optical disk apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the magneto-optical disk 51 has a large number of tracks 52 for recording data. The magneto-optical disk 51 is conceptually partitioned at predetermined angles in the circumferential direction to form a large number of sectors 53, and each track 52 of each sector 53 can be unit-recorded that can be specified by one address. Region 54 is configured. In FIG. 6, the track 52 is shown concentrically, but in practice, it is often formed in a spiral shape.
[0003]
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the track 52 of the magneto-optical disk 51 has an initial zone, an acquire zone, an inner test zone, an inner control zone, a DMA (defect management areas) zone from the inner side to the outer side of the magneto-optical disk 51. , Conceptually divided into a user area, a DMA zone, an outer control zone, an outer test zone, and a buffer zone.
[0004]
As shown in FIG. 8, the user area is conceptually divided into a plurality of user zones and a plurality of buffer zones. For example, about 10 to 18 user zones are provided. The buffer zone is an area in which data is not recorded, and each has a size of about several tracks. In principle, the buffer zone is provided before and after each user zone, but between the user zone and the DMA zone. There is no buffer zone. Each user zone is conceptually divided into a data zone followed by a spare zone. The data zone is an area where data is recorded based on a user instruction. Each spare zone is about several tracks in size, and when a defect occurs in the unit recording area 54 of the data zone, data is recorded instead.
[0005]
When no defect occurs in the data zone, as shown in FIG. 9, a predetermined number of data from 0 to n is recorded in the data zone, and no data is recorded in the spare zone.
[0006]
However, when a defect is found in an arbitrary number of unit recording areas 54 in the data zone during physical formatting of the magneto-optical disk 51, data is recorded by skipping the unit recording area 54 where the defect is found, as shown in FIG. Is done. Therefore, when data having a capacity equal to the capacity of the data zone is recorded, the data is recorded up to the spare zone. Then, the address of the unit recording area 54 where the defect is found is recorded in the DMA zone. In this way, a defect in which the replacement destination address is not designated is called a first defect, and a set of addresses of the unit recording area 54 where the first defect has occurred is called a PDL (primary defekt list).
[0007]
When a defect is found in an arbitrary number of unit recording areas 54 in the data zone at the time of data writing, the unit recording area 54 in the spare zone is replaced with a unit recording area 54 in which a defect is found, as shown in FIG. Data is recorded. Then, the address of the unit recording area 54 where the defect is found and the address of the unit recording area 54 of the replacement spare zone are recorded in the DMA zone. In this way, a defect for which the replacement destination address is designated is called a second defect, and a set of addresses in the unit recording area 54 where the second defect occurs is called an SDL (secondary defekt list).
[0008]
In each DMA zone, as shown in FIG. 12, DDS (disk definition sector), PDL, and SDL are recorded twice, and a reserve area is provided between them. That is, two PDL and SDL are recorded in two DMA zones, respectively, for a total of four identical ones.
[0009]
When the magneto-optical disk 51 as described above is loaded into the magneto-optical disk apparatus, the PDL is read from the DMA zone, and the PDL is stored in the RAM as shown in FIG. The PDL is a set of addresses of the unit recording area 54 in which the first defect has occurred, and each address is composed of 3 bytes of data representing the track 52 and 1 byte of data representing the sector 53. Further, the SDL is read from the DMA zone, and the SDL is stored in the RAM as shown in FIG. The SDL is a set of the unit recording area 54 in which the second defect has occurred, that is, the replacement source address, and the unit recording area 54 in which data is recorded instead of the unit recording area 54 in which the defect has occurred, that is, the replacement destination address. Each address is composed of 3 bytes of data representing the track 52 and 1 byte of data representing the sector 53.
[0010]
In the magneto-optical disk apparatus, a medium access system command such as a read command, a write command, an erase command, or a verify command is issued from a host such as a personal computer, and the start address and the number of designated blocks are accompanied with it. Is transferred via the data bus, the physical address of the data to be read is calculated based on the information, and the data is read from the magneto-optical disk 51 based on the calculated physical address and transferred to the host. That is, when the first defect and the second defect do not exist at all, since the logical address and the physical address match, there is no need for conversion, but when there is even one first defect or second defect, Since there is a possibility that the logical address does not match the physical address, it is confirmed. If they do not match, it is necessary to convert the logical address that is the start address from the host into a physical address. Further, the designated number of blocks is the number of unit recording areas 54 in which data to be read is stored, that is, the number of addresses. If there is at least one first defect or second defect in this range, this is also the case. It is necessary to determine the physical address to be read in consideration of the above.
[0011]
In the conversion from such a logical address to a physical address, in the conventional magneto-optical disk apparatus, when the logical start address is first converted into the physical start address, the first defect stored in the RAM as shown in FIG. Each address is sequentially searched to determine whether or not the first defect exists in the user zone where the logical start address exists. If there is, whether or not the first defect exists before the logical start address. In the case where it exists, the logical start address is shifted backward by that number to obtain a temporary physical address. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, each address of the second defect stored in the RAM is sequentially searched to determine whether or not the temporary physical start address is the address of the second defect. If it is an address, the physical address of the replacement destination is set as the start physical address. In determining the read addresses after the start address, the physical addresses to be actually read are calculated while sequentially searching the addresses of the first defect and the second defect and referring to them one by one. As described above, the addresses of the first defect and the second defect need to be sequentially searched because the addresses of the first defect and the second defect are not managed for each user zone, and are sequentially searched from the top. Otherwise, it cannot be determined in which user zone each defect exists.
[0012]
In such a conventional magneto-optical disk device, every time a medium access command is issued from the host, the addresses of the first defect and the second defect are sequentially repeated many times in order to convert the logical address into a physical address. Since it is necessary to search, and this search takes a lot of time, there is a problem that the processing speed is slow. In particular, if the use period of the magneto-optical disk 51 becomes longer and the deterioration becomes severe, the number of first defects and second defects becomes extremely large and the processing speed becomes extremely slow. For example, the command processing time exceeds a predetermined time. If an OS (operating system) that brings down the system as an error is used, the system may be destroyed.
[0013]
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been conceived under the circumstances described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a recording / reproducing apparatus capable of reducing the processing time of a medium access command.
[0014]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following technical means.
[0015]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the first predetermined number of unit recording areas that can be specified by one address are continuous with the data zone, and the data zone has a defect in the unit recording area. Sometimes, instead of the unit recording area, there are a plurality of user zones each consisting of a second predetermined number of consecutive spare zones, and among the defects in the unit recording area, there is a first defect that does not designate a replacement unit recording area. A defect address in which the address of the generated unit recording area and the address and the replacement destination address of the unit recording area in which the second defect specifying the replacement unit recording area among the defects in the unit recording area are recorded separately. A recording / reproducing apparatus for reading / writing data from / in a recording medium having a recording zone, wherein the first defect is based on reproduced data from the defective address recording zone. And / or a defect number registration device for storing the number of second defects in the storage device for each user zone, and the number of first defects and / or second defects for each user zone stored in the storage device. Thus, there is provided a recording / reproducing apparatus comprising an address conversion device that converts an access range designated with a logical address as a reference into a physical address.
[0016]
According to a preferred embodiment, when the first defect does not exist in the user zone corresponding to the logical address, the address translation device does not search for the address of the first defect and accesses specified based on the logical address. Convert a range to a physical address.
[0017]
According to another preferred embodiment, the address translation device is designated on the basis of the logical address without searching for the address of the second defect when the second defect does not exist in the user zone corresponding to the logical address. Convert the access range to a physical address.
[0018]
According to another preferred embodiment, when the first defect exists in the user zone corresponding to the logical address, the address translation device has a first defect in the user zone ahead of the user zone corresponding to the logical address. By calculating the sum of the numbers, the access range specified on the basis of the logical address is used as the physical address without searching for the address of the first defect in the user zone ahead of the user zone corresponding to the logical address. Convert.
[0019]
According to another preferred embodiment, when there is a second defect in the user zone corresponding to the logical address, the address translation device has a second defect in the user zone ahead of the user zone corresponding to the logical address. By calculating the sum of the numbers, the access range specified on the basis of the logical address is used as the physical address without searching for the address of the second defect in the user zone ahead of the user zone corresponding to the logical address. Convert.
[0020]
According to another preferred embodiment, when the recording medium is physically formatted, the defect number registration device subsequently calculates the number of first defects based on reproduction data from the defect address recording zone. Each user zone is stored in the storage device.
[0021]
According to another preferred embodiment, the defect number registering apparatus, when the address of the unit recording area where the second defect has occurred and the replacement destination address are recorded in the defect address recording zone, Based on the reproduction data from the zone, the number of second defects is stored in the storage device for each user zone.
[0022]
According to another preferred embodiment, when the recording medium is loaded, the defect number registering apparatus subsequently performs the first defect and / or the first defect based on the reproduction data from the defect address recording zone. The number of two defects is stored in the storage device for each user zone.
[0023]
According to the present invention, the defect number registration device stores the number of first defects and / or second defects in the storage device for each user zone based on the reproduction data from the defect address recording zone, and the address conversion device. Since the number of the first defect and / or the second defect for each user zone stored in the storage device is used to convert the access range designated on the basis of the logical address into the physical address, the first defect Since the operation of sequentially searching for the address of the second defect and / or the second defect can be favorably reduced, the processing time of the medium access system command can be shortened.
[0024]
In other words, since the number of defects is managed for each user zone, it is not necessary to sequentially search for defective addresses in other user zones when converting a logical address to a physical address. is there. In particular, when the number of defects increases due to deterioration due to long-term use of the recording medium, the effect of the present invention is remarkable, and an OS that brings down the system as an error when the command processing time exceeds a predetermined time Even if you are using the system, the system will not go down.
[0025]
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0026]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0027]
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a magneto-optical disk apparatus as an example of a recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention. The magneto-optical disk apparatus 1 includes a control unit 2, an optical head 3, a magnetic head 4, and a motor drive. A circuit 5 is provided. The control unit 2 is connected to a personal computer 6 as a host. The control unit 2 includes a CPU 11, a RAM 12, a ROM 13, and an interface circuit 14, and the CPU 11, RAM 12, ROM 13, and interface circuit 14 are connected to each other by a bus line 15. The bus line 15 includes a data bus, an address bus, and a control signal line.
[0028]
The magneto-optical disk apparatus 1 reads / writes data from / to the unit recording area 54 of the magneto-optical disk 51 (FIG. 6) in response to an instruction from the personal computer 6.
[0029]
The control unit 2 controls the optical head 3, the magnetic head 4, and the motor drive circuit 5 based on instructions from the personal computer 6.
[0030]
The optical head 3 is controlled by the control unit 2 to access the unit recording area 54 of the magneto-optical disk 51.
[0031]
The magnetic head 4 is controlled by the control unit 2 to access the unit recording area 54 of the magneto-optical disk 51.
[0032]
The motor drive circuit 5 is controlled by the control unit 2 to drive a motor for rotating the magneto-optical disk 51 and a motor for moving the optical head 3 and the magnetic head 4.
[0033]
The personal computer 6 transmits a command to the magneto-optical disk device 1 and receives data from the magneto-optical disk device 1 based on a user operation.
[0034]
A CPU (central processing unit) 11 controls the entire control unit 2.
[0035]
A RAM (random access memory) 12 provides a work area to the CPU 11 and stores various data.
[0036]
A ROM (read only memory) 13 stores a program for operating the CPU 11 and the like.
[0037]
The interface circuit 14 controls communication with the personal computer 6.
[0038]
FIG. 2 is a virtual circuit block diagram of functions realized by the CPU 11. The CPU 11 implements a defect number registration device 21 and an address conversion device 22.
[0039]
The defect number registration device 21 is based on the reproduction data from the defect address recording zone, that is, the DMA zone, specifically, based on the PDL and SDL stored in the RAM 12, and the number of first defects and the number of second defects. Is stored in the RAM 12 for each user zone. That is, a defect number registration table is created.
[0040]
The address conversion device 22 converts a logical address into a physical address using a defect number registration table stored in the RAM 12.
[0041]
FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the procedure of the defect number registration process by the CPU 11. When the magneto-optical disk 51 is loaded into the magneto-optical disk apparatus 1, the CPU 11 is recorded in the DMA zone of the magneto-optical disk 51. The PDL that is present is read (S1). Next, based on the read PDL, the CPU 11 sequentially stores the PDL, that is, the address of the unit recording area 54 where the first defect has occurred, in the RAM 12 as shown in the figure (S2). Next, the CPU 11 reads the SDL recorded in the DMA zone of the magneto-optical disk 51 (S3). Next, based on the read SDL, the CPU 11 sequentially stores the SDL, that is, the address of the unit recording area 54 where the second defect has occurred and the address of the replacement unit recording area 54 in the RAM 12 as shown in FIG. S4). Next, the CPU 11 creates a defect number registration table as shown in FIG. 4 based on the PDL and SDL stored in the RAM 12, stores them in the RAM 12 (S5), and ends this routine. As shown in FIG. 4, the defect number registration table describes, for each user zone, the number of unit recording areas 54 in which first defects have occurred and the number of unit recording areas 54 in which second defects have occurred. Thus, the total number of unit recording areas 54 in which the first defects of all user zones have occurred and the total number of unit recording areas 54 in which the second defects have occurred are also added.
[0042]
FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the procedure of the address conversion process performed by the CPU 11. When a read command is supplied from the personal computer 6, for example, the CPU 11 determines which of the logical start addresses supplied with the read command is. It is calculated whether it corresponds to the user zone (S11). That is, even if there is a unit recording area 54 in which the first defect has occurred and a unit recording area 54 in which the second defect has occurred in each data zone, they are respectively absorbed in the spare zone that follows each data zone. Since the user zone is not affected, it is possible to determine to which user zone the logical start address corresponds.
[0043]
Next, the CPU 11 determines whether or not the first defect exists in the user zone where the logical start address exists (S12). Specifically, the CPU 11 refers to the defect number registration table in the RAM 12 to check whether the number of first defects in the user zone where the logical start address exists is zero.
[0044]
If the first defect exists in the user zone where the logical start address exists (S12: YES), the CPU 11 sequentially searches for the address of the first defect in the user zone where the logical start address exists, Conversion to a physical start address (S13). Specifically, the CPU 11 refers to the defect count registration table in the RAM 12 to calculate the total number of first defects existing in the user zone before the user zone where the logical start address exists, and based on this, the logic The address of the RAM 12 storing the address of the first first defect of the user zone where the start address exists is calculated, and the search is started from there. That is, since the first defects are stored in the RAM 12 in ascending order of addresses, if the number of first defects whose addresses are smaller than the target first defect is known, the address of the target first defect is stored. The address of the RAM 12 can be calculated. Therefore, it is not necessary to search the addresses of the first defects stored in the RAM 12 in ascending order, and a useless search operation can be omitted. Then, the temporary physical start address is obtained by sequentially searching the addresses of the first defects in the user zone where the logical start address exists while sequentially shifting the logical start addresses in accordance with the number of the first defects. . Here, the temporary physical start address is used because the replacement destination address becomes a true physical start address if the address corresponds to the replacement source address of the second defect.
[0045]
Thereafter, the CPU 11 determines whether or not the second defect exists in the user zone where the logical start address exists (S14). Specifically, the CPU 11 refers to the defect number registration table in the RAM 12 to check whether the number of second defects in the user zone where the logical start address exists is zero.
[0046]
If the second defect exists in the user zone where the logical start address exists (S14: YES), the CPU 11 sequentially searches the address of the second defect in the user zone where the logical start address exists, and the temporary physical start address is It is determined whether or not it is the replacement source address of the second defect. The second defect search method at this time is the same as the first defect search method described in step S13, and the address of the second defect existing in the user zone before the user zone in which the logical start address exists. Are not searched one by one.
[0047]
If the temporary physical start address is the replacement source address of the second defect, the CPU 11 determines the replacement destination address as the true physical start address, and the temporary physical start address is the replacement source address of the second defect. If not, the temporary physical start address is determined as the true physical start address (S16).
[0048]
Next, the CPU 11 sequentially calculates the physical address from which data is to be read after the true physical start address while sequentially searching for the address of the first defect and the address of the second defect that exist in the user zone where the logical start address exists. (S17), and this routine is finished. At this time, if there is a first defect in the range from which data is to be read, the range to be read out will be shifted backward by the number of data, and if there is a second defect, the replacement destination address will be indicated. Becomes the true physical address of the data to be read. Of course, the range to be read may reach the rear user zone, and in this case, the address of the first defect and the address of the second defect existing in the user zone are sequentially searched.
[0049]
Thus, when the physical address in the range from which data is to be read is found, the CPU 11 executes a read command using it as a command parameter, and transfers the read data to the personal computer 6.
[0050]
As described above, when the access range designated with the logical address as a reference is converted into a physical address, it is not necessary to search the addresses of the first defect and the second defect in the user zone other than the access range one by one. Therefore, the processing time of the medium access command can be shortened satisfactorily.
[0051]
Therefore, even if the first defect or the second defect occurs in a large number of unit recording areas 54 due to deterioration of the magneto-optical disk 51 due to long-term use or the like, the medium access command can be executed in a short time. As a result, even if an OS that causes the system to shut down if the command processing time exceeds a predetermined time, there is no fear that the system will go down and the system will be destroyed.
[0052]
In the above embodiment, both the number of first defects and the number of second defects are registered in the defect number registration table of the RAM 12, but only one of them is registered. Also good. If the number of first defects is not registered, the addresses of the first defects in all user zones are sequentially searched for conversion to a physical address during medium access command processing. When the number of second defects is not registered, the addresses of the second defects in all user zones are sequentially searched for conversion to physical addresses during the medium access command processing.
[0053]
In the above embodiment, the number of first defects is registered in the defect number registration table of the RAM 12 when the magneto-optical disk 51 is loaded into the magneto-optical disk apparatus 1. The configuration may be such that the number of first defects is registered in the defect number registration table of the RAM 12 when formatting is completed. That is, since the first defect is a defect that is detected at the time of physical formatting and written in the DMA zone, if the number of the first defects is registered in the defect number registration table of the RAM 12 at the end of the physical formatting, the magneto-optical disk 51 is stored. Unless it is replaced, it is not necessary to rewrite the number of first defects in the defect number registration table.
[0054]
In the above embodiment, the number of second defects is registered in the defect number registration table of the RAM 12 when the magneto-optical disk 51 is loaded into the magneto-optical disk apparatus 1, but the second defect is stored in the DMA zone. When the replacement source address and the replacement destination address are recorded, the number of second defects may be registered in the defect number registration table of the RAM 12 subsequently. That is, since the second defect is a defect that is detected at the time of writing and written in the DMA zone, the number of the second defect should be registered in the defect number registration table of the RAM 12 when the writing of the second defect to the DMA zone is completed. Unless the magneto-optical disk 51 is replaced, it is not necessary to rewrite the number of second defects in the defect number registration table. In addition, this makes it possible to always register the latest number of second defects in the defect number registration table.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the defect number registration device stores the number of first defects and / or second defects in the storage device for each user zone based on the reproduction data from the defect address recording zone. The address conversion device converts the access range designated based on the logical address into a physical address using the number of first defects and / or second defects for each user zone stored in the storage device. Therefore, the work of sequentially searching for the addresses of the first defect and / or the second defect can be favorably reduced, and the processing time of the medium access system command can be shortened.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a magneto-optical disk apparatus as an example of a recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a virtual circuit block diagram of functions realized by the CPU shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining a procedure of defect number registration processing by a CPU shown in FIG. 1;
4 is an explanatory diagram of contents of a defect number registration table stored in a RAM shown in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of address conversion processing by a CPU shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory diagram of data recording locations on a magneto-optical disk.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of zone management in a magneto-optical disk.
8 is an explanatory diagram of contents of a user area shown in FIG.
9 is an explanatory diagram of contents of a data zone and a spare zone shown in FIG.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of contents of a data zone and a spare zone when a first defect exists.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of contents of a data zone and a spare zone when a second defect exists.
12 is an explanatory diagram of the contents of the DMA zone shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the contents of a PDL stored in a RAM.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of the contents of an SDL stored in a RAM.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Magneto-optical disk unit
2 Control unit
3 Optical head
4 Magnetic head
5 Motor drive circuit
6 Personal computer
11 CPU
12 RAM
21 Defect number registration device
22 Address converter
51 Magneto-optical disk
52 tracks
53 sectors
54 unit recording area

Claims (8)

A first predetermined number of unit recording areas that can be specified by one address are continuous with the first predetermined number of data zones, and when a defect occurs in the unit recording area of the data zone, a replacement unit recording area is the first. A plurality of user zones each consisting of a predetermined number of spare zones, and further, an address of a unit recording area in which a first defect that does not designate a replacement unit recording area among defects in the unit recording area occurs, For a recording medium having a defect address recording zone for separately recording an address of a unit recording area in which a second defect that designates a replacement unit recording area among defects in a unit recording area and a replacement address are recorded A recording / reproducing apparatus for reading and writing data,
A defect number registration device for storing the number of the first defect and / or the second defect in a storage device for each user zone based on reproduction data from the defect address recording zone;
An address conversion device for converting an access range designated on the basis of a logical address into a physical address using the number of the first defect and / or the second defect for each user zone stored in the storage device And a recording / reproducing apparatus. When the first defect does not exist in the user zone corresponding to the logical address, the address conversion device converts the access range designated based on the logical address into a physical address without searching for the address of the first defect. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1. When the second defect does not exist in the user zone corresponding to the logical address, the address conversion device converts the access range designated based on the logical address into a physical address without searching for the address of the second defect. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. When the first defect exists in the user zone corresponding to the logical address, the address translation device calculates the total number of first defects in the user zone ahead of the user zone corresponding to the logical address. 4. The access range designated on the basis of the logical address is converted into a physical address without searching for the address of the first defect in the user zone ahead of the user zone corresponding to the logical address. The recording / reproducing apparatus in any one of. When the second defect exists in the user zone corresponding to the logical address, the address translation device calculates the total number of second defects in the user zone ahead of the user zone corresponding to the logical address. 5. The access range designated on the basis of the logical address is converted into a physical address without searching for the address of the second defect in the user zone ahead of the user zone corresponding to the logical address. The recording / reproducing apparatus in any one of. When the physical format of the recording medium is performed, the defect number registration device subsequently calculates the number of first defects for each user zone based on reproduction data from the defect address recording zone. 6. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the recording / reproducing apparatus is stored in a storage device. When the address of the unit recording area in which the second defect has occurred and the replacement destination address are recorded in the defect address recording zone, the defect number registering device continuously reproduces the reproduction data from the defect address recording zone. 7. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the number of the second defects is stored in the storage device for each user zone based on the number of the second defects. When the recording medium is loaded, the defect number registering device subsequently determines the number of the first defect and / or the second defect based on the reproduction data from the defect address recording zone. The recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the recording / reproducing apparatus is stored in the storage device for each user zone.

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