JP3807571B2 - Shape conversion method, recording medium on which program for executing the method is recorded, and shape conversion device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shape conversion technique for converting a two-dimensional shape into a three-dimensional shape using an electronic computer, and in particular, a figure expressed as a two-dimensional shape (for example, character data such as a bitmap font) on an xy plane. Further, the present invention relates to a shape conversion method for processing information into a three-dimensional figure (three-dimensional shape) by adding information in the z-axis direction, a recording medium on which a program for executing the method is recorded, and a shape conversion device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various methods have been proposed as methods for converting a two-dimensional shape into a three-dimensional shape, and this is particularly remarkable in the field of outline fonts. However, all that has been proposed in the past is to make a two-dimensional shape look like a three-dimensional shape. Specific examples of the proposal include those disclosed in, for example, “Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-328534”. This is because a new contour line is added to the outline of a character to express "shadows" or "sides" as a trajectory when the character is shifted diagonally, so that the character is designed in a three-dimensional space. It looks like it was done. Even if these are expanded to create an actual three-dimensional figure, the outline remains as a curve. When this is processed as a three-dimensional shape, the amount of calculation is large and real-time processing is difficult.
As described above, a method for easily generating a three-dimensional shape from a two-dimensional shape has not been proposed yet.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the prior art, there is a design that looks like a three-dimensional shape by a locus in which the two-dimensional shape is obliquely shifted, but actually converting a two-dimensional shape into a three-dimensional shape is not possible. It was not done.
In view of this situation, the present invention records a shape conversion method for easily generating a three-dimensional shape from a given two-dimensional figure (for example, character data of a bitmap font) and a program for executing the method . It is an object of the present invention to provide a recording medium and a shape conversion device.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the shape conversion method of the present invention inputs a two-dimensional shape expressed as a bitmap on a plane, and associates the three-dimensional shape with each bit constituting the input two-dimensional shape. The two-dimensional shape is converted into a three-dimensional shape by combining them. The three-dimensional shape corresponding to each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape is obtained as a trajectory when the shape of the pixel corresponding to the bit is moved in a direction independent of this plane. This is characterized in that when the shape is moved, the shape is converted.
[0005]
Further, by applying this shape conversion method to a bitmap of character data, a stereoscopic display of a bitmap font becomes possible. Further, it can be distributed by a recording medium such as a flexible disk on which a program for executing the shape conversion method is recorded.
[0006]
In addition, the shape conversion apparatus of the present invention includes a two-dimensional shape input unit (21 in FIG. 15) that receives a two-dimensional shape expressed as a bitmap, and a shape of a pixel corresponding to each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape. A control information input unit (22) for designating a movement method and conversion to be added to the shape, and a 3D shape by associating the 3D shape with each bit of the 2D shape input from the 2D shape input unit 3D shape converter (23) and 3D shape output unit (24) for outputting the converted 3D shape. The three-dimensional shape conversion unit performs shape conversion by the shape conversion method described above.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an outline of a shape conversion method according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and shows a processing procedure for associating a three-dimensional shape with each bit of a two-dimensional shape that is a bitmap. In the first embodiment, it is assumed that a two-dimensional shape which is a bitmap on a plane is composed of vertical I bits and horizontal J bits.
[0008]
As shown in the figure, first, 0 is inserted into i and j (step S1). Next, it is determined whether i <I (step S2). If i <I (step S2: Y), it is then determined whether j <J (step S3). If j is less than J (step S3: Y), a three-dimensional shape is made to correspond to Pij (step S4). That is, for all combinations of i (0 ≦ i <I) and j (0 ≦ j <J), an appropriate 3 corresponding to the bit Pij, for example, a black shape corresponding to a black bit and a transparent shape corresponding to a white bit. Assign a dimensional shape. Next, after adding 1 to j (step S5), the process returns to step S3. When j is greater than or equal to J (step S3: N), j is reset to 0 (step S6), 1 is added to i (step S7), and the process returns to step S2. These processes are repeated, and when i becomes I or more (step S2: N), the process of associating the three-dimensional shape with Pij is ended. As described above, the entire two-dimensional shape of vertical I bits and horizontal J bits is converted into a three-dimensional shape.
[0009]
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the first embodiment using a rectangular two-dimensional figure.
First, FIG. 2A shows the original two-dimensional figure. Here, a rectangle composed of 20 bits of (5 × 4) is used as an example, but this is just a simple figure selected for ease of explanation. Whether it is composed of a curve such as a circle, a conic curve, a Bezier curve, or a shape with a hole such as a donut shape, the essential content does not change. The following description does not depend on the shape itself.
[0010]
In addition, here, each bit is represented by a square and is drawn with a gap between the bits, but these are merely measures for facilitating the explanation. There is no need to limit the shape of the bit, and whether or not there is a gap between them does not affect the present invention.
[0011]
FIG. 2B shows an example in which a rectangular parallelepiped is associated with each bit represented by a square in FIG. As a result, the original two-dimensional rectangular shape is converted into a rectangular parallelepiped as a three-dimensional shape. In this figure, the bits constituting the original rectangle appear to be packed without gaps. This is to avoid the figure from becoming unnecessarily complicated. The claim of the present invention is to associate a three-dimensional shape with each bit of the original two-dimensional shape, and a gap may be provided between the shapes or they may be overlapped.
[0012]
FIG. 2C shows an example in which each bit arranged in a (5 × 4) rectangle is represented by a circle, and a cylinder is associated with each circle.
However, these examples are provided for the sake of simplicity. The three-dimensional shape associated with each bit is not necessarily linear, and there is no problem even if it is along a curve.
According to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a method for easily generating a three-dimensional shape from a two-dimensional shape of a given bitmap.
[0013]
(Second embodiment)
In the second embodiment, a three-dimensional shape (bent cuboid, bent cylinder) corresponding to each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape is first generated.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure peculiar to the second embodiment. Also in this embodiment, it is assumed that a two-dimensional shape that is a bitmap on a plane is composed of vertical I bits and horizontal J bits.
[0014]
As shown in the figure, first, as a first step, a three-dimensional shape C corresponding to each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape is generated (step S11). Next, 0 is inserted into i and j (step S12). i and I are compared (step S13). If i is less than I (step S13: Y), then j and J are compared (step S14). If j is less than J (step S14: Y), after assigning, to Pij, for example, a three-dimensional shape C corresponding to a black shape corresponding to a black bit and a transparent shape corresponding to a white bit (step S15), j is incremented by 1, and the processing returns to step S14, and the same processing is performed. repeat.
[0015]
In step S14, when j becomes J or more (step S14: N), j is reset to 0 (step S17), i is incremented by 1 (step S18), and the process returns to step S13.
The above process is repeated, and when i becomes I or more (step S13: N), the process is terminated.
[0016]
Through the above processing, the generated three-dimensional shape C is assigned to the bit Pij for all combinations of i (0 ≦ i <I) and j (0 ≦ j <J), so that the whole is converted into a three-dimensional shape. Can be converted.
FIG. 4 shows an example in which a three-dimensional shape is generated from the same rectangle as in the first embodiment using the second embodiment. 4A shows the original rectangle, FIG. 4B shows an example in which a “curved rectangular parallelepiped” is assigned to each bit of the rectangle constituting the two-dimensional shape, and FIG. 4C shows the two-dimensional shape. Is an example in which a “curved cylinder” is assigned to each bit of the rectangle that constitutes. That is, FIG. 4B shows an example in which the three-dimensional shape C generated in step S11 of FIG. 3 is “curved rectangular parallelepiped”, and FIG. 4C shows an example in the case of “curved cylinder”. .
According to the present embodiment, it is possible to convert a two-dimensional shape into a three-dimensional shape having a bent shape by a simple process.
[0017]
(Third embodiment)
In the third embodiment, a three-dimensional shape (twisted rectangular parallelepiped, distorted cylinder) corresponding to each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape is first generated. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure peculiar to the third embodiment. Also in this embodiment, it is assumed that a two-dimensional shape that is a bitmap on a plane is composed of vertical I bits and horizontal J bits.
[0018]
As shown in the figure, first, as a first step, a three-dimensional shape C corresponding to each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape is generated (step S21). Next, 0 is inserted into i and j (step S22). i and I are compared (step S23), and if i is less than I (step S23: Y), then j and J are compared (step S24), and if j is less than J (step S24: Y), Pij is associated with, for example, a black shape corresponding to a black bit and a three-dimensional shape Fij (C) corresponding to a transparent shape corresponding to a white bit (step S25), j is incremented by 1, and the process returns to step S24. Similar processing is repeated. Here, the three-dimensional shape Fij (C) is obtained by performing transformation Fij on the generated three-dimensional shape C.
[0019]
In step S24, when j becomes J or more (step S24: N), j is reset to 0 (step S27), i is incremented by 1 (step S28), and the process returns to step S23.
The above process is repeated, and when i becomes I or more (step S23: N), the process is terminated.
[0020]
Through the above processing, Fij (C) is obtained by performing transformation Fij on the generated three-dimensional shape C on the bit Pij for all combinations of i (0 ≦ i <I) and j (0 ≦ j <J). Can be converted into a three-dimensional shape.
FIG. 6 shows an example in which a three-dimensional shape is generated from the same rectangle as in the first embodiment using the third embodiment. 6A shows the original rectangle, FIG. 6B shows an example in which “twisted rectangular parallelepiped” is assigned to each bit of the rectangle constituting the two-dimensional shape, and FIG. 6C shows the two-dimensional shape. An example in which a “distorted cylinder” is assigned to each bit of a rectangle that constitutes “” is shown. That is, FIG. 6B shows an example in which the three-dimensional shape C generated in step S21 in FIG. 5 is “twisted rectangular parallelepiped”, and FIG. 6C shows an example in the case of “distorted cylinder”. .
According to this embodiment, it is possible to convert a two-dimensional shape into a three-dimensional shape having a twisted shape or a distorted shape by a simple process.
[0021]
(Fourth embodiment)
In the fourth embodiment, the input two-dimensional shape is specified as character data of “bitmap font” in any of the first to third embodiments.
(Character example 1)
In this example, a Gothic character “eye” is taken up as a two-dimensional shape to be input.
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a two-dimensional shape in which the Gothic “eye” character taken up in this example is designed with a 15 × 15 mesh. FIG. 8 shows actual data representing the two-dimensional shape of FIG. 7 in a two-dimensional table. Here, “0” corresponds to white and “1” corresponds to black.
[0022]
However, the reason that the color of each bit is set to two colors of white and black is merely for the sake of simplicity, and has no special meaning. In the case of having other colors, those colors may be assigned, and this embodiment is not affected.
Further, FIG. 8 shows a two-dimensional table, but there may be various forms of mounting. For example, a two-dimensional array of memories may be used, or a one-dimensional array of memories may be interpreted as two-dimensional and used. Each bit constituting the memory byte may correspond to each element of this table, or a unit such as nibble, byte, word, or the like may correspond to each element of the table. In short, the present embodiment may be a physical implementation of FIG. 8, which is a logical expression.
[0023]
In the present embodiment, the two-dimensional shape expressed in this way is three-dimensionalized (three-dimensionalized) by applying any of the shape conversion methods of the first to third embodiments described above.
FIG. 9 is a diagram when the first embodiment is applied to the two-dimensional shape of FIG. 7, and a rectangular parallelepiped having a square cross section is used as it is as a three-dimensional shape corresponding to each bit of the two-dimensional shape. This is an example of the case. FIG. 9 clearly shows only the rectangular parallelepipeds assigned to the four corners of the character in order to avoid making the figure unnecessarily complicated, but it is similar to all the bits constituting the original “eye” character. Needless to say, a rectangular parallelepiped is assigned.
[0024]
(Character example 2)
In this example, a Gothic character “mouth” is taken up as a two-dimensional shape to be input.
FIG. 10 is a diagram of a two-dimensional shape in which the Gothic character “mouth” taken up in this example is designed with an 8 × 8 mesh.
FIG. 11 is a diagram of a three-dimensional shape generated when the shape conversion method of the third embodiment is applied to the two-dimensional shape “mouth” of FIG.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a rectangular parallelepiped before conversion assigned to each bit.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a conversion formula applied to the rectangular parallelepiped of FIG. 12 assigned to each bit.
[0025]
In FIG. 11, the bit including the point A is used as a reference (base points in the x and y directions; that is, the coordinate value (0, 0)), and the i-th bit on the right and the j-th bit on the lower side are the rectangular parallelepipeds shown in FIG. Is assigned a three-dimensional shape subjected to the following transformation. That is, when the vertex M of the rectangular parallelepiped in FIG. 12 is the origin (0, 0, 0) and the vertex N is the coordinates (0, 0, 5), an arbitrary point P (x, y, z) on this rectangular parallelepiped. The coordinate transformation shown in FIG. As a result, when viewed as a whole, the original two-dimensional shape “mouth” is moved 45 degrees clockwise around the origin A while moving in the z direction by a distance 5 and finally doubled in size. A three-dimensional shape represented as the locus of each point when the transformation of enlarging is performed is obtained. The three-dimensional shape obtained at that time is shown in FIG.
According to the present embodiment, it is possible to easily obtain a three-dimensionally expanded shape from the two-dimensional character data of the bitmap font.
[0026]
(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically showing a part constituting a computer for realizing the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a CPU, 2 is a program memory, 3 is a data memory, 4 is a display, 5 is a hard disk, 6 is a flexible disk, 7 is a printer, 8 is an input device comprising a keyboard, scanner, mouse and the like. Here, the above-mentioned software (program) is stored in a so-called external storage device such as a hard disk 5, a flexible disk 6, or a CD-ROM, and is loaded onto the memory and used for execution. The CPU 1 sequentially reads and executes it.
[0027]
The first to fourth embodiments described above are characterized by processing procedures, described as software (programs) executed by a computer, and stored in a recording medium such as a flexible disk or a CD-ROM for distribution. It is possible to make it.
[0028]
(Sixth embodiment)
FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a shape conversion apparatus according to the sixth embodiment. In order to realize the first to fifth embodiments described above, the present shape conversion apparatus includes an input device 8, a program memory 2, a data memory 3, and a data storage device (such as a hard disk) as shown in FIG. 50 and a control information storage unit 9 and the like. The program memory 2 includes a two-dimensional shape input unit 21, a control information input unit 22, a three-dimensional shape conversion unit 23, a three-dimensional shape output unit 24, and a control unit 25.
[0029]
The two-dimensional shape input unit 21 reads contour data of a two-dimensional shape from the data storage device 50 typified by a disk device or the input device 8.
The control information input unit 22 includes information such as the direction and amount of movement of the two-dimensional shape and information for designating conversion to be added to the two-dimensional shape, that is, contour points constituting the two-dimensional shape. Information for designating each locus is read from the control information storage unit 9.
[0030]
The three-dimensional shape conversion unit 23 uses the information read by the control information input unit 21 to read the two-dimensional shape read from the two-dimensional shape input unit 21 using any one of the first to fourth embodiments. The shape is converted into a three-dimensional shape.
The three-dimensional shape output unit 24 outputs the three-dimensional shape converted by the three-dimensional shape conversion unit 23 to a data storage device 50 represented by a disk device or the like or an output device.
The control unit 25 controls the entire process described above. The data memory 3 is used for temporarily storing data exchanged between the above units.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to easily obtain a shape conversion method for generating a three-dimensional shape from a given two-dimensional shape, a storage medium storing a program for executing the method, and a shape conversion device. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an outline of a shape conversion method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the first embodiment using a rectangular two-dimensional figure.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure peculiar to the second embodiment.
FIG. 4 shows an example in which a three-dimensional shape is generated from the same rectangle as in the first embodiment using the second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure peculiar to the third embodiment.
FIG. 6 shows an example in which a three-dimensional shape is generated from the same rectangle as in the first embodiment using the third embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a two-dimensional shape in which a Gothic character “eye” is designed with a 15 × 15 mesh.
8 is actual data representing the two-dimensional shape of FIG. 7 in a two-dimensional table.
FIG. 9 is a diagram when the first embodiment is applied to the two-dimensional shape of FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of a two-dimensional shape in which a Gothic character “mouth” is designed with an 8 × 8 mesh.
FIG. 11 is a diagram of a three-dimensional shape generated when the shape conversion method of the third embodiment is applied to a two-dimensional shape “mouth”.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a rectangular parallelepiped before conversion assigned to each bit;
13 is a diagram showing a conversion formula applied to the rectangular parallelepiped in FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically showing a part constituting a computer for realizing the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a configuration of a shape conversion apparatus according to a sixth embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: CPU, 2: program memory, 3: data memory, 4: display, 5: disk, 6: flexible disk, 7: printer, 8: input device, 9: control information storage unit, 21: two-dimensional shape input unit , 22: control information input unit, 23: three-dimensional shape conversion unit, 24: three-dimensional shape output unit, 25: control unit, 50: data storage device

Claims (5)

  In a shape conversion method for converting from a two-dimensional shape on an xy plane to a three-dimensional shape having information in the z-axis direction using an electronic computer, a two-dimensional shape expressed as a bitmap is input from a two-dimensional shape input unit. Procedure and input of control information from any pixel shape on the xy plane corresponding to each bit of the two-dimensional shape to a three-dimensional shape with a movement locus in the z-axis direction including a change in position in the xy direction The computer inputs the procedure inputted from the unit and the procedure for making the conversion information to the three-dimensional shape correspond to each bit of the two-dimensional shape expressed as the input bitmap by the three-dimensional shape transformation unit. A shape conversion method for converting a two-dimensional shape into a three-dimensional shape.   The shape conversion method according to claim 1, wherein the step of inputting the conversion information into the three-dimensional shape is a z including a shape change in the xy direction and a position change in the xy direction from an arbitrary pixel shape on the xy plane. A shape conversion method using an electronic computer, which is a procedure for inputting conversion information into a three-dimensional shape accompanied by an axial movement trajectory. In shape conversion method according to any one of claims 1-2, shape conversion method, wherein the two-dimensional shape is a character data of a bit map font. A computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing the shape conversion method according to claim 1.   Designates a two-dimensional shape input unit that receives a two-dimensional shape expressed as a bitmap on a plane, a method of moving the shape of a pixel corresponding to each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape, and a conversion to be added to the shape. A control information input unit, a 3D shape conversion unit that generates a 3D shape by associating the 3D shape with each bit of the 2D shape input from the 2D shape input unit, and the converted 3D shape The shape conversion apparatus characterized by having a three-dimensional shape output part which outputs 2D shape to a three-dimensional shape by the shape conversion method of any one of Claims 1-3.

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