JPH1153579A - Shape conversion method, storage medium recorded with its conversion procedure and shape conversion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shape conversion technique for easily generating a three- dimensional shape from a given two-dimensional graphic (character data of a bit map font, for example). SOLUTION: A two-dimensional shape expressed by a bit map is inputted and the three-dimensional shapes are made to correspond to the respective bits constituting the two-dimensional shape. In converting a two-dimensional shape expressed by a rectangular bit map of I×J into a three-dimensional shape, for example, '0' is inserted into 'i' and 'j' (step S1) and an appropriate three-dimensional shape is allocated to a bit Pij against all the combinations of 'i' (0<=i<=I) and 'j' (0<=j<J) (steps S2-S7). Thus, the original rectangular two-dimensional shape of I×J is converted into a three-dimensional shape by synthesizing them.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shape conversion technique for converting a two-dimensional shape into a three-dimensional shape using an electronic computer, and more particularly to a two-dimensional shape (for example, a character such as a bitmap font) on an xy plane. A shape conversion method for processing information into a three-dimensional figure (three-dimensional shape) by adding information in the z-axis direction to a figure expressed as data) and a processing procedure for realizing the shape conversion method. And a shape conversion device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various methods have been proposed for converting a two-dimensional shape into a three-dimensional shape, particularly in the field of outline fonts. However,
In all of the conventional proposals, a two-dimensional shape is made to look like a three-dimensional shape. A specific example of the proposal is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-8-328534. This is because the character is designed in a three-dimensional space by adding a new outline to represent the "shadow" or "side" as a trajectory when the character is shifted diagonally. It is made to look like it was done. Even if these are extended to create an actual three-dimensional figure, the outline remains as a curve. When processing this as a three-dimensional shape, the amount of calculation is large, and real-time processing is difficult. As described above, a method of easily generating a three-dimensional shape from a two-dimensional shape has not yet been proposed.

[0003]

As described above, in the prior art, a two-dimensional shape is designed to look like a three-dimensional shape by a trajectory shifted obliquely. Has not been converted to a three-dimensional shape. In view of this situation, the present invention provides a shape conversion method for easily generating a three-dimensional shape from a given two-dimensional figure (for example, character data of a bitmap font), and processing for processing the method by a computer. It is an object to provide a recording medium on which a procedure is recorded and a shape conversion device.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, a shape conversion method according to the present invention inputs a two-dimensional shape expressed as a bitmap on a plane and constructs the input two-dimensional shape. It is characterized in that a two-dimensional shape is converted into a three-dimensional shape by associating a three-dimensional shape with each bit and combining them.
The three-dimensional shape corresponding to each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape is obtained as a trajectory when the shape of the pixel corresponding to the bit is moved in a direction independent of this plane. When the shape is moved, the shape is converted.

Further, by applying the present shape conversion method to a bit map of character data, a three-dimensional display of a bit map font becomes possible. In addition, the recording medium such as a flexible disk recording the processing procedure of the shape conversion method can be distributed.

A shape conversion device according to the present invention includes a two-dimensional shape input unit (21 in FIG. 15) for receiving a two-dimensional shape represented as a bitmap, and a pixel corresponding to each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape. A control information input unit for specifying the method of moving the shape and the conversion to be added to the shape
2) a three-dimensional shape conversion unit (23) for generating a three-dimensional shape by associating a three-dimensional shape with each bit of the two-dimensional shape input from the two-dimensional shape input unit; 3D shape output unit for outputting shape (24)
Consists of The three-dimensional shape conversion unit performs shape conversion by the above-described shape conversion method.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) <Claim 1> FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an outline of a shape conversion method according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The processing procedure which makes a shape correspond is shown. In the first embodiment, it is assumed that a two-dimensional shape, which is a bitmap on a plane, is composed of vertical I bits and horizontal J bits.

As shown in FIG. 1, first, 0 is inserted into i and j (step S1). Next, it is determined whether or not i <I (step S2). If i <I (step S2:
Y) Then, it is determined whether or not j <J (step S)
3). If j is less than J (step S3: Y), Pij
Correspond to the three-dimensional shape (step S4). That is, for all combinations of i (0 ≦ i <I) and j (0 ≦ j <J), an appropriate 3 in which the bit Pij corresponds to, for example, a black shape for a black bit and a transparent shape for a white bit. Assign a dimensional shape. Next, after adding 1 to j (step S5), the process returns to step S3. When j is equal to or greater than J (step S3: N), j is reset to 0 (step S6), 1 is added to i (step S7), and the process returns to step S2. These steps are repeated, and when i becomes equal to or greater than I (step S2: N), the processing for associating Pij with the three-dimensional shape is ended. As described above, the entire two-dimensional shape of vertical I bits and horizontal J bits is converted into a three-dimensional shape.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a specific example of the first embodiment using a rectangular two-dimensional figure. First, FIG.
(A) shows the original two-dimensional figure. Here, a rectangle composed of (5 × 4) 20 bits is used as an example, but this is a simple figure selected for the sake of simplicity. That is a circle or conic curve,
Regardless of what is constituted by a curve such as a Bezier curve or a shape having a hole such as a donut shape, the essential content does not change. The following description does not depend on the shape itself.

[0010] In this case, each bit is represented by a square and a space is provided between the bits for drawing. However, these are merely measures for facilitating the explanation. There is no need to limit the shape of the bits, and there is no effect on the present invention whether or not there is a gap between them.

FIG. 2B shows an example in which a rectangular parallelepiped is associated with each bit represented by a square in FIG. 2A. As a result, the original two-dimensional rectangular shape is converted into a rectangular parallelepiped as a three-dimensional shape. In this figure, the bits forming the original rectangle appear to be tightly packed without gaps. This is to prevent the figure from becoming unnecessarily complicated. The claim of the present invention is
This is to associate the three-dimensional shape with each bit of the dimensional shape, and a gap may be provided between the shapes, or the bits may be overlapped.

FIG. 2C shows an example in which each bit arranged in a (5 × 4) rectangle is represented by a circle, and each circle is associated with a cylinder. However, these examples are provided for the sake of simplicity. The three-dimensional shape associated with each bit does not necessarily have to be linear, and there is no problem even if it is along a curve. According to this embodiment, it is possible to provide a method for easily generating a three-dimensional shape from a two-dimensional shape of a given bitmap.

(Second Embodiment) <Claim 2> In a second embodiment, a three-dimensional shape (bent cuboid, bent cylinder) corresponding to each bit constituting a two-dimensional shape is first generated. This is a working example. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure unique to the second embodiment. Also in this embodiment, it is assumed that the two-dimensional shape, which is a bitmap on a plane, is composed of vertical I bits and horizontal J bits.

As shown in FIG. 1, first, as a first step, 3 bits corresponding to each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape are set.
A dimensional shape C is generated (Step S11). Next, 0 is inserted into i and j (step S12). i is compared with I (step S13), and if i is less than I (step S13).
13: Y), and then j and J are compared (step S1).
4) If j is less than J (step S14: Y), P
After assigning a three-dimensional shape C in which a black bit corresponds to a black shape and a white bit corresponds to a transparent shape (step S15), j is incremented by 1, and the process returns to step S14 to repeat the same processing.

In step S14, when j becomes equal to or larger than J (step S14: N), j is reset to 0 (step S17), and i is incremented by 1 (step S1).
8) Return to step S13. Repeat the above process,
When i becomes equal to or greater than I (step S13: N), the processing is terminated.

By the above processing, all i (0 ≦ i <
I) and j (0 ≦ j <J), the bit P
By assigning the generated three-dimensional shape C to ij,
The whole can be converted to a three-dimensional shape. In FIG.
An example in which a three-dimensional shape is generated from the same rectangle as in the first embodiment using the second embodiment will be described. 4A shows an original rectangle, FIG. 4B shows an example in which a “bent cuboid” is assigned to each bit of the rectangle forming the two-dimensional shape, and FIG. 4C shows a two-dimensional shape. Is an example in which a “bent cylinder” is assigned to each of the bits of the rectangle that constitutes. That is, the three-dimensional shape C generated in step S11 of FIG.
FIG. 4B shows an example in which is a “bent cuboid”.
FIG. 4C shows an example of the case of a “bent cylinder”. According to this embodiment, it is possible to convert a two-dimensional shape into a three-dimensional shape having a curved shape by a simple process.

(Third Embodiment) <Claim 3> In a third embodiment, a three-dimensional shape (twisted rectangular parallelepiped, distorted cylinder) corresponding to each bit constituting a two-dimensional shape is first generated. This is a working example. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure unique to the third embodiment. Also in this embodiment, it is assumed that the two-dimensional shape, which is a bitmap on a plane, is composed of vertical I bits and horizontal J bits.

As shown in FIG. 1, first, as a first step, 3 bits corresponding to each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape are set.
A dimensional shape C is generated (Step S21). Next, 0 is inserted into i and j (step S22). i is compared with I (step S23), and if i is less than I (step S23).
23: Y) Then, j is compared with J (step S2).
4) If j is less than J (step S24: Y), P
After associating ij with a three-dimensional shape Fij (C) in which, for example, a black shape is associated with a black bit and a transparent shape is associated with a white bit (step S25), j is added by 1, and the process returns to step S24. repeat. Here, the three-dimensional shape F
ij (C) is obtained by performing a transformation Fij on the generated three-dimensional shape C.

In step S24, if j is equal to or larger than J (step S24: N), j is reset to 0 (step S27), and i is incremented by 1 (step S2).
8) Return to step S23. Repeat the above process,
When i becomes equal to or greater than I (step S23: N), the processing is terminated.

By the above processing, all i (0 ≦ i <
I) and j (0 ≦ j <J), the bit P
Fij obtained by subjecting the generated three-dimensional shape C to conversion Fij
By assigning (C), the whole can be converted into a three-dimensional shape. FIG. 6 shows an example in which a three-dimensional shape is generated from the same rectangle as in the first embodiment using the third embodiment. FIG. 6A shows the original rectangle, and FIG.
FIG. 6B shows an example in which a “twisted rectangular parallelepiped” is assigned to each of the rectangular bits forming the two-dimensional shape, and FIG. 6C shows a “distorted cylinder” in each of the rectangular bits forming the two-dimensional shape. An example of assignment is shown. That is, FIG. 6B illustrates an example in which the three-dimensional shape C generated in step S21 in FIG. 5 is a “twisted rectangular parallelepiped”, and FIG. 6C illustrates an example in the case of a “distorted cylinder”. . According to the present embodiment, it is possible to convert a two-dimensional shape into a three-dimensional shape having a twisted shape or a distorted shape by a simple process.

(Fourth Embodiment) <Claim 4> In a fourth embodiment, in any one of the first to third embodiments, the two-dimensional shape to be input is the same as that of the "bitmap font". This is specified for character data. (Character Example 1) In this example, the character "eyes" of Gothic characters is taken as a two-dimensional shape to be input. FIG.
In this example, the Gothic “eye” is 1
It is a figure of the two-dimensional shape designed by 5x15 mesh. FIG. 8 is actual data representing the two-dimensional shape of FIG. 7 in a two-dimensional table. Here, "0" is white,
“1” corresponds to black.

However, the reason why the color of each bit is set to two colors of white and black is merely for simplicity of explanation and has no special significance. If the color has another color, it is sufficient to assign the color, and this embodiment has no effect. FIG. 8 shows a two-dimensional table, but various forms of mounting are possible. For example, a two-dimensional array of memory may be used, or a one-dimensional array of memory may be interpreted as two-dimensional and used. Each bit forming a byte of the memory may correspond to each element of this table, or a unit such as nibble, byte, word, etc. may correspond to each element of the table. In short, the present embodiment may physically implement the logical representation of FIG. 8 in any manner.

In this embodiment, the two-dimensional shape expressed in this way is made three-dimensional (three-dimensional) by applying any one of the shape conversion methods of the first to third embodiments. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram in a case where the first embodiment is applied to the two-dimensional shape of FIG. 7, in which a rectangular parallelepiped whose cross section is a square is used as a three-dimensional shape corresponding to each bit of the two-dimensional shape; It is. FIG. 9 shows only the rectangular parallelepipeds assigned to the four corners of the character to avoid complicating the figure unnecessarily, but the same applies to all the bits constituting the original character "eye". It is needless to say that the rectangular parallelepiped is assigned.

(Character Example 2) In this example, the character "mouth" of Gothic characters is taken as a two-dimensional shape to be input. FIG. 10 is a diagram of a two-dimensional shape in which the Gothic character “mouth” taken up in this example is designed with an 8 × 8 mesh. FIG. 11 is a diagram of a three-dimensional shape generated when the shape conversion method of the third embodiment is applied to the two-dimensional shape “mouth” of FIG. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a pre-conversion cuboid assigned to each bit. FIG.
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a conversion equation applied to the rectangular parallelepiped of FIG. 12 assigned to each bit.

In FIG. 11, the bit including the point A is referred to (x
The base point in the direction and the y direction; that is, the coordinate value (0,0)), the i-th bit on the right and the j-th bit on the bottom represent the three-dimensional shape obtained by performing the following transformation on the rectangular parallelepiped shown in FIG. Assign. That is, when the vertex M of the rectangular parallelepiped in FIG. 12 is the origin (0, 0, 0) and the vertex N is the coordinates (0, 0, 5), an arbitrary point P (x, y, z) on this rectangular parallelepiped Is subjected to the coordinate transformation shown in FIG. As a result, as a whole, the original two-dimensional shape “mouth” is moved in the z direction by a distance of 5 while being rotated clockwise by 45 degrees about the origin A, and finally the size is doubled. As a result, a three-dimensional shape represented as a locus of each point when the conversion of expanding the image is performed is obtained. The three-dimensional shape obtained at that time is shown in FIG. According to the present embodiment, it is possible to easily obtain a three-dimensionally expanded shape from character data of a two-dimensional shape of a bitmap font.

(Fifth Embodiment) <Claim 5> FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically illustrating a part constituting a computer for realizing the present invention. In the figure, 1
Is a CPU, 2 is a program memory, 3 is a data memory,
Reference numeral 4 denotes a display, 5 denotes a hard disk, 6 denotes a flexible disk, 7 denotes a printer, 8 denotes an input device including a keyboard, a scanner, a mouse, and the like. Here, the above-mentioned software (program) is stored on the hard disk 5,
It is stored in a so-called external storage device such as a flexible disk 6 or a CD-ROM, and is loaded on a memory and used at the time of execution. The CPU 1 sequentially reads out and executes this.

The above-described first to fourth embodiments are characterized by the processing procedure, and are described as software (programs) executed by a computer and stored in a recording medium such as a flexible disk or a CD-ROM. It is possible to distribute.

(Sixth Embodiment) <Claim 6> FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a configuration of a shape conversion apparatus according to a sixth embodiment. In order to realize the above-described first to fifth embodiments, the present shape conversion device includes an input device 8 as shown in FIG.
, A program memory 2, a data memory 3, a data storage device (such as a hard disk) 50, a control information storage unit 9, and the like. The program memory 2 includes a two-dimensional shape input unit 21, a control information input unit 22, a three-dimensional shape conversion unit 23, a three-dimensional shape output unit 24, and a control unit 25.

The two-dimensional shape input section 21 reads the two-dimensional shape contour data from the data storage device 50 represented by a disk device or the input device 8 or the like. The control information input unit 22 includes information for specifying the transformation to be applied to the two-dimensional shape, along with information such as the direction and amount of movement of the two-dimensional shape, that is, the contour points constituting the two-dimensional shape. Information for designating each trajectory is read from the control information storage unit 9.

The three-dimensional shape conversion unit 23 reads information from the two-dimensional shape input unit 21 by using the information read by the control information input unit 21 and using any of the methods of the first to fourth embodiments. The two-dimensional shape is converted into a three-dimensional shape. The three-dimensional shape output unit 24 converts the 3D shape converted by the three-dimensional shape
The dimensional shape is output to a data storage device 50 such as a disk device or an output device. The control unit 25 controls the entire processing described above. The data memory 3 is used for temporarily storing data exchanged between the above units.

[0031]

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a shape conversion method for easily generating a three-dimensional shape from a given two-dimensional shape, a storage medium recording a procedure for the method, and a shape conversion device. become.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an outline of a shape conversion method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the first embodiment using a rectangular two-dimensional figure.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure specific to the second embodiment.

FIG. 4 shows an example in which a three-dimensional shape is generated from the same rectangle as in the first embodiment using the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure specific to the third embodiment.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which a three-dimensional shape is generated from the same rectangle as in the first embodiment using the third embodiment.

FIG. 7 shows a 15 × 15
It is a figure of the two-dimensional shape designed with the mesh.

8 is actual data representing the two-dimensional shape of FIG. 7 in a two-dimensional table.

FIG. 9 is a diagram when the first embodiment is applied to the two-dimensional shape of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a diagram of a two-dimensional shape in which a Gothic character “mouth” is designed with an 8 × 8 mesh.

FIG. 11 is a diagram of a three-dimensional shape generated when the shape conversion method of the third embodiment is applied to a two-dimensional shape “mouth”.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a rectangular parallelepiped before conversion assigned to each bit.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a conversion formula applied to the rectangular parallelepiped of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically illustrating a part configuring a computer for realizing the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a shape conversion device according to a sixth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: CPU, 2: Program memory, 3: Data memory, 4: Display, 5: Disk, 6: Flexible disk, 7: Printer, 8: Input device, 9: Control information storage, 21: Two-dimensional shape input , 22: control information input unit, 23: three-dimensional shape conversion unit, 24: three-dimensional shape output unit, 25: control unit, 50: data storage device

Claims (6)

[Claims] In a shape conversion method for converting a two-dimensional shape into a three-dimensional shape using an electronic computer, a two-dimensional shape expressed as a bitmap on a plane is input, and each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape is input. A shape conversion method for converting a two-dimensional shape into a three-dimensional shape by associating three-dimensional shapes with each other and combining them. 2. The shape conversion method according to claim 1, wherein
The three-dimensional shape corresponding to each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape is obtained as a trajectory when the shape of the pixel corresponding to the bit is moved in a direction independent of this plane. Shape conversion method. 3. The shape conversion method according to claim 2, wherein
A shape conversion method, wherein the shape is converted when the shape of the pixel is moved. 4. The shape conversion method according to claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional shape is character data of a bitmap font. 5. A recording medium on which a processing procedure of the shape conversion method according to claim 1 is recorded. 6. A two-dimensional shape input unit for receiving a two-dimensional shape expressed as a bitmap on a plane, and a method of moving a shape of a pixel corresponding to each bit constituting the two-dimensional shape and adding the shape to the shape. A control information input unit for designating conversion and the like; a three-dimensional shape conversion unit for generating a three-dimensional shape by associating each bit of the two-dimensional shape input from the two-dimensional shape input unit with a three-dimensional shape; A three-dimensional shape output unit for outputting a three-dimensional shape obtained by
A shape conversion device, wherein the shape conversion is performed by the shape conversion method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the dimensional shape conversion unit.