JP3796887B2 - Fuel cell power generation system - Google Patents
Fuel cell power generation system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3796887B2 JP3796887B2 JP09875497A JP9875497A JP3796887B2 JP 3796887 B2 JP3796887 B2 JP 3796887B2 JP 09875497 A JP09875497 A JP 09875497A JP 9875497 A JP9875497 A JP 9875497A JP 3796887 B2 JP3796887 B2 JP 3796887B2
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- Prior art keywords
- circulating water
- fuel cell
- power generation
- condenser
- water
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、燃料電池による発電システムに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
図２にこの種の従来例を示す。
同図において、１は凝縮器、２は燃料電池、３は改質器、４は水蒸気分離器、５は熱交換器、６は水処理装置、７は循環水ポンプ、８は反応空気ブロア、９は燃焼空気ブロア、１０は反応空気流量計、１１は冷却塔、１２は排気ガス、１３は凝縮器循環水、１４は外部冷却水、１５は燃料電池出口空気、１６は改質器燃焼排ガス、１７は改質用スチーム、１８は補給水である。
【０００３】
改質器３はブロア９からの燃焼用空気と燃料極出口ガス（燃料電池での未反応水素）を燃焼させ、その熱量により天然ガス等の原燃料を燃料ガス（水素等）に改質して、燃料電池２の燃料極に供給する。このとき、原燃料には水蒸気分離器４から高温の水蒸気（スチーム）１７を加える、いわゆる水蒸気改質法が適用されている。燃料電池２の空気極には、ブロア８から反応用空気（酸素）が供給される。燃料電池２からの空気１５および改質器３からの燃焼排ガス１６は凝縮器１に導入され、ここで凝縮温度以下に冷却されたのち、排気ガス１２として排出される。
【０００４】
排気ガス１２を冷却して水回収を行なうには、凝縮器循環水１３の温度を一定にする必要があることから、冷却塔１１を設けてここから一定温度（Ｔ２）の冷却水１４を熱交換器５に供給するようにしている。凝縮器１には水処理装置６が設けられ、水蒸気分離器４とともに燃料電池２の冷却系を形成している。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記のような冷却塔による外部冷却水の温度制御方法は、
気温等の外部要因によって変動が大きいので、凝縮器循環水の温度も変動し結果的に排気ガスの温度（Ｔ１）も変動することになる。また、長期間運転すると、凝縮器循環系のストレーナ（濾過器）に詰まりが生じ循環水量が変化する。このような理由から充分な水回収が行なわれないために補給水（１８）が入り、水処理装置（６）にとって大きな負荷となって、その交換周期が早まるなどの問題がある。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
このような課題を解決するため、請求項１の発明では、燃料電池出口空気と改質器燃焼排ガスとを冷却して凝縮水を回収する直接接触式凝縮器と、前記凝縮水を冷却塔で冷却される外部冷却水と熱交換させた後、前記凝縮器に供給して前記燃料電池出口空気及び改質器燃焼排ガスの冷却に供する循環水供給系とを有し、前記凝縮器の凝縮水を水処理装置を通流させたのち水蒸気分離器に供給する燃料電池発電システムにおいて、前記直接接触式凝縮器から排出される排ガスの温度を検出する手段を設け、前記温度が所定の値となるように前記循環水供給系を流れる循環水の流量を制御する制御系を設けたことを特徴としている。
【０００７】
また、前記循環水の流量制御は、前記循環水供給系に設けた循環水ポンプの回転数を制御することにより行なうことができ、（請求項２の発明）または、前記循環水供給系に設けた循環水流量調節弁の開度を制御することにより行なうことができる（請求項３の発明）。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１はこの発明の実施の形態を示す構成図である。
この発明は、従来のように凝縮器循環水１３の温度を一定に制御するのではなく、その流量を制御することで、循環水１３の温度が変動しても排気ガス１２の温度Ｔ１を一定に制御できるようにしたものである。例えば、夏期の気温上昇で外部冷却水温度が上昇すれば、それに伴って循環水１３の温度も上昇するので、凝縮器性能を維持するために循環水量を増やして対応する。また、逆に循環水温度が低下した場合は、循環水量を減らすことで対応することが可能となり、排気ガス１２の温度Ｔ１を一定に制御でき、水回収を充分に行なうことができるというわけである。
【０００９】
循環水量を制御するため、循環水流量計２０と、循環水ポンプ７を制御するためのインバータ制御装置（ＩＮＶ）の如き制御装置２１とを設け、この制御装置２１により循環水ポンプ７の回転数を制御するか、または、循環水流量計２２と調節弁２３を設け、インバータ制御装置（ＩＮＶ）の如き制御装置２４により調節弁２３の弁開度を制御する。図１ではこれらの手段を選択的に採用することを示すべく、点線で示している。
【００１０】
【発明の効果】
この発明によれば、循環水量を制御することで確実な水回収が可能となり、その結果、水処理装置の交換周期が延び、ランニングコストを低減することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 この発明の第１の実施の形態を示すシステム構成図である。
【図２】 従来例を示すシステム構成図である。
【符号の説明】
１…凝縮器、２…燃料電池、３…改質器、４…水蒸気分離器、５…熱交換器、６…水処理装置、７…循環水ポンプ、８…反応空気ブロア、９…燃料空気ブロア、１０…反応空気流量計、１１…冷却塔、１２…排気ガス、１３…凝縮器循環水、１４…外部冷却水、１５…燃料電池出口空気、１６…改質器燃焼排ガス、１７…改質用スチーム、１８…補給水、２０，２２…流量計、２１，２４…制御装置（インバータ）、２３…調節弁。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a power generation system using a fuel cell.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 2 shows a conventional example of this type.
In the figure, 1 is a condenser, 2 is a fuel cell, 3 is a reformer, 4 is a steam separator, 5 is a heat exchanger, 6 is a water treatment device, 7 is a circulating water pump, 8 is a reaction air blower, 9 is a combustion air blower, 10 is a reaction air flow meter, 11 is a cooling tower, 12 is exhaust gas, 13 is condenser circulating water, 14 is external cooling water, 15 is fuel cell outlet air, and 16 is reformer combustion exhaust gas. , 17 is steam for reforming, and 18 is makeup water.
[0003]
The reformer 3 burns the combustion air from the blower 9 and the fuel electrode outlet gas (unreacted hydrogen in the fuel cell), and reforms raw fuel such as natural gas into fuel gas (hydrogen etc.) by the amount of heat. To the fuel electrode of the fuel cell 2. At this time, a so-called steam reforming method in which high-temperature steam (steam) 17 is added from the steam separator 4 to the raw fuel is applied. Reaction air (oxygen) is supplied from the blower 8 to the air electrode of the fuel cell 2. The air 15 from the fuel cell 2 and the combustion exhaust gas 16 from the reformer 3 are introduced into the condenser 1, where they are cooled below the condensation temperature and then discharged as exhaust gas 12.
[0004]
In order to cool the exhaust gas 12 and recover the water, it is necessary to make the temperature of the condenser circulating water 13 constant. Therefore, the cooling tower 11 is provided to heat the cooling water 14 having a constant temperature (T2) from here. It supplies to the exchanger 5. The condenser 1 is provided with a water treatment device 6 and forms a cooling system for the fuel cell 2 together with the water vapor separator 4.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the method of controlling the temperature of the external cooling water by the cooling tower as described above is
Since the fluctuation is large due to external factors such as temperature, the temperature of the condenser circulating water also fluctuates, and as a result, the temperature (T1) of the exhaust gas also fluctuates. In addition, when operated for a long period of time, the strainer (filter) in the condenser circulation system becomes clogged, and the amount of circulating water changes. For this reason, there is a problem that sufficient water recovery is not performed and makeup water (18) enters, which causes a heavy load on the water treatment device (6) and the replacement cycle is accelerated.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve such a problem, in the invention of claim 1, a direct contact type condenser that cools the fuel cell outlet air and the reformer combustion exhaust gas and collects condensed water, and the condensed water is cooled by a cooling tower. And a circulating water supply system for supplying heat to the condenser and cooling the fuel cell outlet air and the reformer combustion exhaust gas after heat exchange with the external cooling water to be cooled, and the condensed water of the condenser In the fuel cell power generation system for supplying water to the steam separator after flowing the water treatment device, means for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the direct contact condenser is provided, and the temperature becomes a predetermined value Thus, a control system for controlling the flow rate of the circulating water flowing through the circulating water supply system is provided.
[0007]
The flow rate of the circulating water can be controlled by controlling the number of revolutions of a circulating water pump provided in the circulating water supply system (invention of claim 2) or provided in the circulating water supply system. This can be done by controlling the opening degree of the circulating water flow rate regulating valve (invention of claim 3).
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
In the present invention, the temperature of the condenser circulating water 13 is not controlled to be constant as in the prior art, but by controlling the flow rate, the temperature T1 of the exhaust gas 12 is kept constant even if the temperature of the circulating water 13 fluctuates. It can be controlled to For example, if the external cooling water temperature rises due to a rise in temperature in summer, the temperature of the circulating water 13 also rises accordingly. Therefore, in order to maintain the condenser performance, the amount of circulating water is increased. On the other hand, when the circulating water temperature is lowered, it is possible to cope with this by reducing the circulating water amount, the temperature T1 of the exhaust gas 12 can be controlled to be constant, and the water can be sufficiently recovered. is there.
[0009]
In order to control the amount of circulating water, a circulating water flow meter 20 and a control device 21 such as an inverter control device (INV) for controlling the circulating water pump 7 are provided, and the rotational speed of the circulating water pump 7 is controlled by this control device 21. Or a circulating water flow meter 22 and a control valve 23 are provided, and the opening degree of the control valve 23 is controlled by a control device 24 such as an inverter control device (INV). In FIG. 1, a dotted line indicates that these means are selectively employed.
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, reliable water recovery is possible by controlling the amount of circulating water. As a result, the replacement cycle of the water treatment device is extended, and the running cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram showing a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Condenser, 2 ... Fuel cell, 3 ... Reformer, 4 ... Steam separator, 5 ... Heat exchanger, 6 ... Water treatment apparatus, 7 ... Circulating water pump, 8 ... Reaction air blower, 9 ... Fuel air Blower, 10 ... reaction air flow meter, 11 ... cooling tower, 12 ... exhaust gas, 13 ... condenser circulating water, 14 ... external cooling water, 15 ... fuel cell outlet air, 16 ... reformer combustion exhaust gas, 17 ... modified Quality steam, 18 ... makeup water, 20, 22 ... flow meter, 21, 24 ... control device (inverter), 23 ... control valve.
Claims (3)
前記直接接触式凝縮器から排出される排ガスの温度を検出する手段を設け、前記温度が所定の値となるように前記循環水供給系を流れる循環水の流量を制御する制御系を設けたことを特徴とする燃料電池発電システム。A direct contact condenser that cools the fuel cell outlet air and the reformer combustion exhaust gas to collect condensed water; and the condenser after heat-exchanged the condensed water with external cooling water cooled by a cooling tower. And a circulating water supply system for cooling the fuel cell outlet air and the reformer combustion exhaust gas, and the condensed water of the condenser is supplied to the steam separator after flowing through the water treatment device. In the fuel cell power generation system,
A means for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the direct contact condenser is provided, and a control system is provided for controlling the flow rate of the circulating water flowing through the circulating water supply system so that the temperature becomes a predetermined value. A fuel cell power generation system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09875497A JP3796887B2 (en) | 1997-04-16 | 1997-04-16 | Fuel cell power generation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09875497A JP3796887B2 (en) | 1997-04-16 | 1997-04-16 | Fuel cell power generation system |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003386165A Division JP4453345B2 (en) | 2003-11-17 | 2003-11-17 | Fuel cell power generation system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10289726A JPH10289726A (en) | 1998-10-27 |
| JP3796887B2 true JP3796887B2 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
Family
ID=14228240
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09875497A Expired - Fee Related JP3796887B2 (en) | 1997-04-16 | 1997-04-16 | Fuel cell power generation system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3796887B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005063697A (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2005-03-10 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | Fuel cell power generating system |
| JP4816313B2 (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2011-11-16 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | Electronics |
-
1997
- 1997-04-16 JP JP09875497A patent/JP3796887B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH10289726A (en) | 1998-10-27 |
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