JP3796339B2 - Seedling transplanter - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a seedling transplanting machine that supplies seedlings to a seedling planting apparatus while an operator supplements seedlings.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A turntable having a plurality of cup-shaped seedling supply bodies arranged on the circumference is provided above the seedling planting device, and each turntable has a turntable attached to each seedling supply body that moves along a circular orbit by the rotation of the turntable. Constructed so that the operator replenishes the seedlings placed on the seedling mounting stand located in the vicinity one by one, and the seedlings are dropped and supplied to the seedling planting device when the seedling supply body moves to a predetermined seedling supply position There are seedling transplanters for vegetables (hereinafter referred to as vegetable transplanters). In general, the seedling replenishment operator also serves as an operator of the vegetable transplanter. When the aircraft turns, the operator operates the handle behind the aircraft, and when planting while moving straight, the operator Seedlings are replenished while walking alongside the aircraft.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The seedling supply to the seedling supplier is performed at an arbitrary position and at an arbitrary timing after the seedling supplier drops and supplies the seedling to the seedling planting device at the seedling supply position and then moves to the seedling supply position. Just do it. Therefore, when the work is performed smoothly, the seedling replenishment work is not so difficult. However, if it takes time for various operations during turning and the movement from the rear of the aircraft to the side of the aircraft is delayed, or an emergency trouble occurs during seedling replenishment work, it is necessary to perform operations other than seedling replenishment work, There may be no time for reaching the seedling stage and picking up the seedling in time, and the seedling supply body may move to the seedling supply position while it is empty, resulting in a lack of stock.
[0004]
In order to prevent the occurrence of such a lack of stock, the present invention can quickly replenish seedlings to a seedling supplier even when there is no time to reach the seedling stand and take up the seedlings. The challenge is to make it.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is configured as follows. That is, a seedling transplanter according to the present invention includes a plurality of seedling supply bodies that continuously move along a closed loop trajectory. In the seedling transplanting machine that supplies the seedlings held by the seedling supply body to the seedling transplanting device when the seedling supply body moves to a predetermined position on the track by the operator, the seedling transplanter temporarily supplies the seedlings for replenishment. The seedling stock portion which can be stored in a safe manner is provided in a space surrounded by the closed loop track.
[0006]
In normal times, the seedlings on the seedling stand are replenished to the seedling supply body, and when there is not enough time, such as in an emergency, the seedlings stored in the seedling stock section are replenished to the seedling supply body. Since the seedling stock section is provided in a space surrounded by the closed-loop trajectory of the seedling supply body, the distance from the seedling stock section to each seedling supply body is short, and the seedling supply body that is moving in any part of the closed-loop trajectory Also for seedlings can be quickly supplied.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 to 7 show a vegetable transplanter as an example of a seedling transplanter according to the present invention. This vegetable transplanting machine 1 is made up of a seedling feeding device 4, a seedling planting device 5 and the like while the machine is advanced in a state of straddling U by a traveling unit 1a having traveling wheels 2, 2, 3, 3. In the part 1b, a vegetable pot seedling is planted on the upper surface of the bowl U. The operator appropriately steers the aircraft with the steering handle 6 provided at the rear of the aircraft, and supplies seedlings to the seedling supply device 4 while walking on the side of the aircraft during planting work. Hereinafter, the configuration of each unit will be described.
[0008]
In the traveling unit 1 a, an engine 9 is disposed on the front side of the traveling unit mission case 7. A hydraulic pump 10 that is driven by the power of the engine is provided on the left side surface of the engine 9. Further, a fuel tank 11 and the like are provided on the upper side of the engine 9, and a bonnet 12 covers the upper side thereof. A long connecting frame 13 having a rectangular shape in side view is integrally provided on the back surface of the traveling unit mission case 7, and the front end portion of the main frame 14 that connects the traveling unit 1 a and the steering handle 6 to the right rear end of the connecting frame. Are firmly connected. The main frame 14 extends rearward through the right side of the planting part 1b in plan view, bends obliquely upward in the middle, and extends as it is to the rear position of the planting part 1b. The steering handle 6 is fixedly attached to the rear end portion.
[0009]
Traveling transmission cases 16, 16 are integrally attached to the rotating cylinders 15, 15 protruding from the left and right side surfaces of the traveling unit transmission case 7, and the rear wheels 2, 2 that are driving traveling wheels are attached to the front end of the traveling transmission case. It is pivotally supported. Further, front wheel support rods 18 and 18 are attached to the left and right ends of a front wheel support frame 17 provided on the lower side of the engine 9 so as to be swingable around a pivot shaft 17a in the front-rear direction. Front wheels 3 and 3 which are driven traveling wheels at the lower end are pivotally supported.
[0010]
The traveling unit 1a is provided with a machine body control mechanism for controlling the machine body position by moving the rear wheels 2 and 2 up and down relative to the machine body. In this airframe control mechanism, an elevating cylinder 21 is provided rearward from a hydraulic valve unit 20 disposed on a traveling unit mission case 7, and a balance rod 22 is provided around a vertical axis at the tip of a piston rod of the cylinder. Is pivotally attached to the. The piston rod slides along the guide shaft 24 supported by the hydraulic valve unit 20 and the attachment member 23 attached to the main frame 14 at both front and rear ends. The left and right ends of the balance rod 22 are connected to swing arms 25 and 25 fixed to the rotating cylinder portions 15 and 15 via connecting rods 26 and 26, respectively. A rolling cylinder 27 is incorporated in the left connecting rod 26, and the length can be changed by extending and contracting the cylinder.
[0011]
The elevating cylinder 21 and the rolling cylinder 27 are operated by controlling the hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic pump 10 with a control valve (not shown) in the hydraulic valve unit 20. When the elevating cylinder 21 is expanded and contracted, the left and right rear wheels 2 and 2 are moved up and down by the same amount in the same direction, and the body is moved up and down. Further, when the rolling cylinder 27 is expanded and contracted, the left and right rear wheels 2 and 2 move up and down by the same amount in the opposite direction, and the body tilts left and right.
[0012]
The lower part of the planting part transmission case 30 transmitted from the traveling part transmission case 7 is fixed to the upper surface of the connecting frame 13, and the first planting transmission case 31 is attached to the upper part of the planting part mission case. The base of the second planting transmission case 32 is secured to the tip of the first planting transmission case. The first planting transmission case 31 and the second planting transmission case 32 are connected to an operation mechanism of a seedling planting device 5 described later. A seedling supply device 4 and seedling mounting platforms 55 and 56 are attached to an upper frame 34 whose base is fixed to the planting part mission case 30 so as to be positioned above the seedling planting tool 60.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 3, the input shaft 30a of the planting part mission case 30 protrudes forward from the lower end of the case, and by inserting it into the PTO extraction part 7a of the traveling part mission case 7, the PTO It is connected to a shaft on the traveling part side in the take-out part. Further, the planting part mission case 30 is detachably attached to the connecting frame 13 by bolts 35. For this reason, by removing the bolts 35,... And removing the input shaft 31a from the PTO extraction portion 7a, the planting portion 1b can be detached from the traveling portion 1a, and the planting portion 1b can be easily maintained.
[0014]
In the side view, the planting part mission case 30 is provided rearward and upward from the connection frame 13, and the first planting transmission case 31 is provided rearward and downward from the upper end part of the planting part mission case 30, and the second planting The auxiliary transmission case 32 is provided horizontally rearward from the lower end of the first planting transmission case 31. With this configuration, a space for moving the balance rod 22 below the second planting transmission case 32 is ensured without making the longitudinal length of the airframe longer than necessary.
[0015]
Further, in plan view, the planting part mission case 30 is fixed to the right end of the connection frame 13, and is located on the right side of the airframe control mechanism formed between the elevating cylinder 21, the balance rod 22, and the right connection rod 26. It extends upward through the space. The first planting transmission case 31 is arranged on the left side of the planting part mission case 30, and the second planting transmission case 32 is arranged further on the left side of the first planting transmission case 31. Since the right space part is wider than the left space part by the amount that the rolling cylinder 27 is not provided, it is preferable to arrange the planting part mission case 30 on the right side. In addition, by arranging the planting part mission case 30, the first planting transmission case 31, and the second planting transmission case 32 in the left and right direction, the right and left weight balance is improved.
[0016]
The seedling supply device 4 includes a turntable 41 in which a plurality of seedling supply cups 40,... That are seedling supply bodies are arranged on the circumference at equal intervals. This turntable 41 is arranged at a position slightly to the right of the left and right center of the aircraft. The turntable 41 is rotatably provided on a support plate 42 fixed to the upper frame 34 with a central shaft 43 as a fulcrum. A ratchet wheel 45 is attached to the central shaft 43, and a ratchet pawl 46 urged in a direction to engage with the teeth of the ratchet wheel is attached to a ratchet arm 47 that is rotatably fitted to the central shaft 43. A ratchet arm 47 and a seedling supply drive arm 49 that operates integrally with a link support arm 67B described later are connected via a seedling supply drive rod 50, and the turntable is turned by swinging the seedling supply drive arm 49. 41 rotates intermittently in synchronism with the operation of the seedling planting device 5 by the mounting interval of the seedling supply cups 40.
[0017]
Openable / closable shutters 52,... Are attached to the bottoms of the seedling supply cups 40,. A C-shaped shutter closing bar 53 cut off at a position slightly to the left in plan view is provided at a height in contact with the bottom of the seedling supply cup, and a seedling supply position P corresponding to the cut part of the shutter closing bar 53 is provided. The shutter 52 of the seedling supply cup 40 located in the position is opened by its own weight or by the weight of the seedling, but the shutters 52 of the other seedling supply cups 40,...
[0018]
The seedling supply cups 40,... Are continuously moved along a circular path (closed loop path) A by the rotation of the turntable 41, and the seedlings are manually supplied into the moving seedling supply cup. When the seedling supply cup 40 containing seedlings moves to the seedling supply position P, the shutter 52 opens and the seedlings fall into the seedling planting tool 60 of the seedling planting device 5.
[0019]
On the right side and the front side of the turntable 41, seedling platforms 55 and 56 on which the seedling trays T are placed one by one are provided. The right seedling mounting base 55 is attached to mounting rods 55a and 55a projecting to the right from the upper frame 34, and supports the seedling tray T slightly diagonally to the upper right. Further, the front seedling mounting table 56 is attached to mounting rods 56a and 56a projecting forward from the upper frame 34, and is provided so as to support the seedling raising tray T horizontally.
[0020]
Further, a hook-shaped seedling stock portion 57 in which an appropriate number of emergency seedlings can be placed is provided at the center of the upper surface of the turntable 41. The seedling stock portion 57 is arranged in a space surrounded by the orbit A of the seedling supply cup. Therefore, the seedling stock portion 57 is close to any position of the seedling supply cups 40,... Moving in any position on the track A, and is positioned in the vicinity of the front for the worker standing in the space S for seedling replenishment work described later. Thus, the seedling in the seedling stock part 57 can be quickly supplied to the seedling supply cup 40.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 7, the seedling replenishment operation is performed while an operator walks in the space S located in the direction of the left rear wheel 2 and directly on the left side of the turntable 41 according to the progress of the aircraft. During normal times, the seedlings on the seedling tray T placed on the seedling platforms 55 and 56 are supplied to the seedling supply cup 40. An appropriate number of seedlings are put in the seedling stock part 57 when there is time allowance, and the seedling supply cup 40 is empty by supplying the seedlings in the seedling stock part 57 to the seedling supply cup 40 in an emergency. It is possible to prevent the absence of a stock by moving to the seedling supply position P.
[0022]
The seedling planting device 5 includes a cup-shaped seedling planting tool 60 with a sharp lower end. The seedling planting tool 60 includes a front member 60a and a rear member 60b, and is a front member mounting arm that is rotatably supported by a front member rotation shaft 61A located behind the seedling planting tool 60. The front member 60a is integrally attached to 62A and 62A, and the rear member is attached to the rear member attachment arms 62B and 62B that are rotatably supported by the rear member rotation shaft 61B located in front of the seedling applicator 60. 60b is attached integrally. Therefore, when both members 60a and 60b rotate about the rotation shafts 61A and 61B, the lower portion of the seedling planting tool 60 opens and closes. The front member 60a and the rear member 60b rotate in conjunction with each other by the interlocking pin 63 that is loosely fitted in the long holes formed in the front member mounting arm 62A and the rear member mounting arm 62B. Between the leg part 62aA of the front member mounting arm 62A and the leg part 62aB of the rear member mounting arm 62B, a spring 64 that urges the front member 60a and the rear member 60b to close is stretched. The seedling planting tool 60 performs a predetermined operation by the following operation mechanism.
[0023]
A rear link support arm 67A is rotatably attached to a support portion 33a that protrudes upward from the second planting transmission case 32, and a base member is pivotally attached to the support arm. The shaft 61A is connected. A rear link drive arm 69A provided at the rear end of the second planting transmission case 32 is connected to the middle portion of the rear link 68A. Further, a front link support arm 67B is rotatably attached to the planting part mission case 30, and a rear member rotation shaft 61B is connected to a rear end of a front link 68B whose base is pivotally attached to the support arm. Yes. A front link drive arm 69B provided at the rear end of the first planting transmission case 31 is connected to an intermediate portion of the front link 68B. When both the drive arms 69A and 69B are driven and rotated, the rear link 68A and the front link 68B swing up and down while changing the position of the base part back and forth, and the seedling planting tool 60 moves up and down while maintaining a constant posture.
[0024]
An opening / closing arm 71 is rotatably attached to the base portion of the rear link 68A, and a distal end portion of the opening / closing arm 71 and a front member attachment arm 62A are connected by an opening / closing rod 72. An opening / closing cam 73 that rotates integrally with the rear link drive arm 69A is attached to an intermediate portion of the rear link 68A. A roller 74 as a cam follower of the opening / closing cam is provided on the opening / closing arm 71. The opening / closing cam 73 is engaged with the roller 74 in a stroke in which the seedling planting tool 60 is lifted from a position near the bottom dead center. When the opening / closing cam 73 engages with the roller 74, the opening / closing rod 72 is pulled, the front member 60a and the rear member 60b rotate in conjunction with each other, and the seedling planting tool 60 opens. When the opening / closing cam 73 does not engage with the roller 74, the seedling planting tool 60 is closed by the tension of the spring 64.
[0025]
When the seedling planting tool 60 is at the top dead center, the seedling supply device 4 drops and supplies the seedling. The supplied seedling is guided into the seedling planting tool through a cylindrical seedling guide 76 attached to the front member rotation shaft 61A and the rear member rotation shaft 61B. The seedling planting tool 60 holding the seedling descends, and at the bottom dead center, the lower part of the seedling planting tool 60 pierces the topsoil portion of the cocoon to form a seedling transplanting hole. Almost simultaneously with this, the seedling planting tool 60 is opened, and the held seedling is released into the seedling transplanting hole. If the seedling planting tool 60 rises as it is and rises to near the top dead center, the seedling planting tool 60 is closed.
[0026]
A pair of left and right pressure-reducing wheels 80, 80 are provided behind the seedling planting position. The pressure-reducing wheels 80, 80 are attached obliquely so that the distance between them is narrower toward the bottom, and are biased downward by a spring 81 that is loosely fitted to a rod 92, which will be described later. The soil around the seedling transplant hole after the seedling has been planted is collapsed to refill the hole, and the trace is lightly crushed.
[0027]
The pressure-reducing wheel frame 82 to which the pressure-reducing wheels 80, 80 are attached is supported by the planting depth adjustment guide frame 83 so as to be rotatable up and down. A guide groove 84 having a plurality of engaging portions 84a,... Is formed in the planting depth adjustment guide frame 83, and a planting depth adjustment lever 85 integral with the pressure reducing wheel frame 82 slides in this guide groove. Fits freely. When the planting depth adjusting lever 85 is engaged with the engaging portions 84a of the guide groove 84, the pressure-reducing wheel frame 82 is fixed so as not to rotate. Therefore, by operating the planting depth adjusting lever 85, the mounting height of the pressure reducing wheels 80, 80 can be set in a plurality of stages. Thereby, the planting depth of a seedling is adjusted in steps.
[0028]
The planting depth adjustment guide frame 83 is attached to a rear end portion of a swing frame 87 supported by a support frame 86 fixed to the front and rear intermediate portions of the main frame 14 so as to swing up and down. When the pressure-reducing wheels 80, 80 move up and down relative to the airframe in accordance with the unevenness of the surface, the rocking of the pressure-reducing wheel frame 81 due to the vertical movement of the pressure-reducing wheel is used for raising and lowering the hydraulic valve unit 20 via the interlocking mechanism 88. The raising / lowering cylinder 21 is actuated in such a direction that the angle of the swing frame 87 is returned to the original state, which is transmitted to the hydraulic valve. Thus, the aircraft is controlled to move up and down so that the height from the upper surface of the bag to the aircraft is maintained constant.
[0029]
Further, a pressure-reducing wheel fixing lever 90 is rotatably provided at the rear portion of the main frame 14, and an upper end portion of a rod 92 having a lower end portion connected to a swing frame 87 in an elongated hole 91a of an arm 91 integrated with the lever. It is pinned. When the pressure-reducing wheel fixing lever 90 is locked to the locking portion 93a of the guide groove 93, the pressure-reducing wheels 80, 80 are fixed at a fixed height with respect to the airframe, and the above-mentioned lifting control does not function. In order to prevent the pressure-reducing wheels 80, 80 from moving when the seedling planting device 5 is operated with the machine body raised to the non-working position or during transportation, the pressure-reducing wheels 80, 80 are fixed by the above method.
[0030]
Since the swing frame 87 is arranged on the right side of the machine body, an operator walking on the left side of the machine body does not come into contact with the swing frame 87 and can perform reliable pressure reduction and can accurately lift and lower the machine body. .
[0031]
The rolling hydraulic valve in the hydraulic valve unit 20 is switched in conjunction with the movement of the pendulum 95 for detecting the left / right inclination. When the aircraft tilts to the left / right, the rolling cylinder 27 is actuated as appropriate to move the aircraft to the left / right. Control to return to horizontal.
[0032]
The steering handle 6 is substantially U-shaped in plan view with both ends extending rearward, and grips 6a and 6a are attached to both ends. When turning or traveling on the road, the operator grips the grips 6a and 6a to operate. Since the steering handle 6 is shifted from the left and right center of the aircraft to the right side, it is easy to operate the steering wheel while walking in the right groove of the heel. do not become.
[0033]
Side clutch levers 100, 100 are provided below the grips 6a, 6a. In addition, an operation panel 101 is provided at the base of the steering handle 6, and a planting clutch for turning on / off a planting clutch that is transmitted to the seedling supply device 4 and the seedling planting device 5 and an operation for raising and lowering the machine body are provided on the operation panel. A lift lever 102 and a main clutch lever 103 for turning on and off the main clutch are provided. Since the main clutch lever 103 is provided on the left side of the operation panel 101, the main clutch lever 103 can be operated even when the worker is walking on the left side of the machine body and performing the seedling replenishment work. Reference numeral 104 in the figure is an inter-strain adjustment lever for adjusting the seedling planting interval.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, the seedling transplanting machine according to the present invention has a seedling stock section that can temporarily store supplementary seedlings in a space surrounded by the closed loop trajectory of the seedling supply body. By providing it, it was possible to cope with the need to urgently replenish seedlings to the seedling supply body, and it was possible to prevent the occurrence of missing lines due to seedling leakage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a vegetable transplanter.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a vegetable transplanter.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a connecting portion between a traveling unit and a planting unit.
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the seedling supply device.
FIG. 5 is a side view of a seedling planting device and the like.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of a seedling planting apparatus and the like.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a seedling planting operation state of the vegetable transplanter.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Seedling cup trajectory S Space for seedling replenishment work 1 Vegetable transplanter (seedling transplanter)
2 Rear wheel 3 Front wheel 4 Seedling supply device 5 Seedling planting device 6 Steering handle 40 Seedling supply cup (seedling supply body)
41 Turntable 55, 56 Seedling stand 57 Seedling stock part 80 Repression wheel

Claims (1)

A plurality of seedling supply bodies that continuously move along a closed loop trajectory, and an operator replenishes each of these seedling supply bodies one by one, and when the seedling supply body moves to a predetermined position on the trajectory, the seedling supply body In a seedling transplanting machine that supplies seedlings to be held to a seedling planting device, a seedling stock part capable of temporarily storing supplementary seedlings is provided in a space surrounded by the closed loop track. Seedling transplanter.

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