JP3791463B2 - Arithmetic unit and data transfer system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention reduces the load on each arithmetic device of a so-called multiprocessor computer system that distributes the processing to be performed and executes parallel processing for a plurality of arithmetic devices, and improves the arithmetic performance of the system. And a data transfer system .
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the performance of a single information processing device has improved dramatically due to the miniaturization of LSIs. However, in large-scale scientific computing, etc., the performance required only by a multi-node configuration using a plurality of them is reached. is the current situation. In the case of multi-node information processing, arithmetic processing is subdivided into each arithmetic device and processed in parallel, but there are not a few parts that cannot be parallelized on the program. For this reason, it is necessary to collect intermediate results of operations on a certain node and to determine or execute subsequent processing. Therefore, the transfer speed between nodes is generally wider than that of I / O in order to improve performance. When a single program is processed by multiple nodes, each arithmetic device reads a program or data into its own memory and performs an operation at the beginning of the program execution. Therefore, the common part program and initial data read the same thing in each arithmetic unit, and as a result of the load being concentrated on the disk, the throughput of the system is reduced.
Generally, even in a multi-port disk, it is a conventional means to serialize a request internally, and if it is requested by m nodes, m times of time is required according to the number.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
If it is known that the throughput is significantly reduced due to this disk contention, a means for reading data into the memory of one node and distributing the data to other nodes by inter-node transfer can be considered. However, in this case, there is a drawback that transfer can be performed only in units of data arranged on the memory.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described drawbacks. In a so-called multiprocessor computer system that executes parallel processing by distributing processing to be performed on a plurality of control means, one program is executed. It is an object of the present invention to provide an arithmetic device and a data transfer system that can reduce the processing load and prevent a decrease in throughput.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The arithmetic device according to claim 1 is a receiving means capable of receiving a program and data transmitted from an external storage device by being connected to a plurality of external storage devices via an external storage device changeover switch, and the reception An internal storage means for storing the program and data received by the means, a function capable of transferring the program and data to other arithmetic devices by being connected to a plurality of arithmetic devices via an inter-node connection changeover switch, and others An inter-node connection unit having a function of receiving a program and data transmitted from the arithmetic device, and a control unit capable of issuing a transfer command to the inter-node connection unit, the receiving unit and the node There must be a route through which the program and data can be transmitted It is an butterfly.
[0006]
The receiving means in the present invention is a bus that accepts data from the outside, and is a data transmission path that connects between the storage device and each part inside the arithmetic device. In particular, a PCI bus is preferable. This is provided in the arithmetic device as an expansion slot and has a function of receiving a program and data transmitted from the storage device. At this time, the receiving means has a function of transmitting the received program and data to the internal storage means and the internode connecting means.
The internal storage means in the present invention temporarily stores the program and data received by the receiving means at a predetermined address, and examples thereof include a memory and an HDD.
The inter-node connection means in the present invention connects arithmetic devices (nodes) via an inter-node connection changeover switch, and when the arithmetic device receives a read command, the receiving means is an external storage device. It has a function to directly receive the program and data transmitted from the receiving means, and further transfer the program and data to another arithmetic device. When the arithmetic device receives a reception command, it receives a read command. It has a function of receiving a program and data transmitted from an arithmetic unit and placing the received program and data at a predetermined location (memory address or the like) in the internal storage means.
The control means in the present invention has a function of instructing transfer of a program and data from the internode connection means to another arithmetic device when the arithmetic device receives a read command. In general, a CPU is used.
[0007]
The arithmetic unit according to the present invention is characterized in that a path through which data can be transmitted is provided between the receiving means and the inter-node connecting means, and when the receiving means receives the program and data, it stores them in its own internal storage means. In addition, the program and data are transmitted to the internode connection means in order to transfer the program and data to other arithmetic devices. Therefore, data can be transferred at the same time as being stored in the internal storage means, and the transmitted program and data are received by the inter-node connection means also in other arithmetic devices, and the received program and data are originally stored in the program and data. Is placed at a location (memory address or the like) where it should be stored when it is read, the program and data are shared by all of the arithmetic devices that have received the read command and the arithmetic devices that have received the reception command.
[0008]
This eliminates the need for the arithmetic device to individually read the program and data from the external storage device, reduces access to the external storage device, and prevents the system throughput from being reduced due to the program and data read time. Can do. In addition, since the arithmetic unit that receives the transferred program and data does not need to read the data into the internal storage unit once, the transfer ends in approximately the same time as the arithmetic unit reads the program and data from the external storage unit. be able to. Furthermore, once read into the internal storage means as in the prior art, transfer could be performed only in units of data arranged on the internal storage means at the time of reading. Since the transfer can be performed without reading the program and data in the means, the program and data can be transferred without limitation as in the prior art.
[0009]
The arithmetic device according to claim 2 is characterized in that the arithmetic devices are connected by a crossbar connection, and the control means issues a command to transfer a program and data to a plurality of other arithmetic devices. It is what.
[0010]
In the present invention, since the connection between nodes is a crossbar connection, when a program and data are transferred from an arithmetic device that has received a read command to an arithmetic device that has received a reception command, there are a plurality of transfer destinations. The program and data can be transferred almost simultaneously, and the program and data can be transferred from the arithmetic unit that has received the read command to all other arithmetic units.
Therefore, when the inter-node connection supports only 1: 1 connection, only one access to the external storage device is reduced. However, in the present invention in which the inter-node connection is a crossbar connection, m units are connected. When the computing devices are connected, m-1 accesses can be reduced at the maximum, and the load on the computing devices can be greatly reduced.
[0011]
In the data transfer system according to claim 3, a plurality of arithmetic devices are connected via an inter-node connection changeover switch, and each arithmetic device is connected to a plurality of external storage devices via an external storage device changeover switch. In the data transfer system, the arithmetic unit is connected to a plurality of external storage devices via an external storage device changeover switch, and can receive a program and data transmitted from the external storage device, and the reception unit An internal storage means for storing the program and data received by the means, a function connected to a plurality of arithmetic devices via an inter-node connection changeover switch and transferring the program and data to other arithmetic devices, and other Internode connection having a function capable of receiving a program and data transmitted from an arithmetic unit And a control means capable of issuing a transfer command to the inter-node connection means, and a path through which a program and data can be transmitted is provided between the receiving means and the inter-node connection means. It is characterized by.
[0012]
The arithmetic device in the data transfer system of the present invention is the same as the arithmetic device described in claim 1.
In addition, the inter-node connection changeover switch in the present invention connects arithmetic devices to each other, and connects an arithmetic device that has received a read command and an arithmetic device that has received a receive command. Programs and data are transmitted via the inter-node connection changeover switch.
The external storage device is provided outside the arithmetic device, and stores a program and data for processing in the multi-node. A plurality of external storage devices are used based on the amount of information used in the multi-node. These are connected to the arithmetic device via the storage device changeover switch. In the present invention, since one arithmetic device receives the read command, the arithmetic device and the program and data to be read are stored. It suffices if it can be connected to an external storage device.
Thus, as in the first aspect, the system throughput is prevented from being lowered, the arithmetic unit finishes the transfer in substantially the same time as the time for reading the program and data from the external storage device, and is stored on the internal storage means. Programs and data can be transferred without restriction that data can be transmitted only in units of arranged data.
[0013]
The data transfer system according to claim 4 is characterized in that the internode connection means connects the arithmetic devices by crossbar connection.
[0014]
In the present invention, since the connection between nodes is a crossbar connection, when a program and data are transferred from an arithmetic unit that has received a read command to an arithmetic unit that has received a reception command, even if there are a plurality of transfer destinations, It is possible to transfer the program and data from the arithmetic unit that has received the read command to all other arithmetic units.
Accordingly, as in the case of claim 2, when m computing devices are connected, m-1 accesses can be reduced at the maximum.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the data transfer system of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, a data transfer system in a multi-node according to the present invention includes arithmetic devices (nodes) 10, 20, 30, 40, an inter-node connection changeover switch 50 for switching a partner at the time of data transfer between those nodes, an arithmetic device. The external storage device changeover switch 60 and the external storage device 70, 80, 90 which assign the port of the external storage device in response to a request from the external storage device. The arithmetic device 10 according to the present invention includes a control unit 11, an internal storage unit 12, an internode connection unit 13, and a reception unit 14. A path 15 is provided between the internode connection unit 13 and the reception unit 14. It is characterized by providing. Other arithmetic devices have the same configuration.
[0020]
In the present invention, the route 15 does not have to be as wide as the route connecting the internode connection means and the internode connection changeover switch, and may have a peak performance bandwidth of the external storage devices 70, 80, and 90. There is a special control signal line 16 between the control means 11 and the inter-node connection means 13, and a transfer command to another node is sent to the inter-node connection means 13 via this control signal line 16. In this way, the control means 11 controls whether or not the data sent from the receiving means 14 via the path 15 to the internode connecting means 13 is transferred to another node.
[0021]
Hereinafter, the operation of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
When the same data is read from the external storage device 70 by a large number of arithmetic devices 10, 20, 30, 40, a read command is issued to only one arithmetic device, and an inter-node transfer reception command is issued to the remaining arithmetic devices. Enter into force. Here, a case where a read command is issued to the arithmetic device 10 will be described.
The arithmetic device 10 that has issued the read command reads data as usual, and at the same time, instructs the transfer to another arithmetic device via the control signal line 16. In the transfer, the received data from the external storage device 70 is transmitted as it is to another arithmetic device in real time. The other arithmetic unit that receives the reception command receives the inter-node data transfer from the arithmetic unit 10 for which the read command has been issued by the inter-node connection means, and originally stores the memory to be read from the external storage device Place at address. As a result, the same result as that obtained when each arithmetic device accesses the external storage device can be obtained. If the inter-node connection changeover switch 50 supports only 1: 1 connection, only one access to the external storage device is reduced. However, if crossbar connection is possible, the maximum is m−1. Access can be reduced.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
A data transfer system according to the present invention provides a bypass path between a receiving unit that receives data from an external storage device in each arithmetic unit and an inter-node connection unit that performs inter-node data transfer in a multi-node arithmetic unit. It is characterized by providing.
As a result, it is possible to reduce access to the external storage device and prevent the system throughput from being lowered due to the read time.
In addition, since there is no need to once read data into the internal storage means, the transfer is completed in approximately the same time as the time when one arithmetic device reads the program and data from the external storage device.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a data transfer system of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 20, 30, 40 Arithmetic units 11, 21, 31, 41 Control means 12, 22, 32, 42 Internal storage means 13, 23, 33, 43 Internode connection means 14, 24, 34, 44 Receiving means 15, 25, 35, 45 Paths 16, 26, 36, 46 Control signal line 50 Inter-node connection changeover switch 60 External storage device changeover switches 70, 80, 90 External storage device

Claims (4)

  Receiving means capable of receiving a program and data transmitted from an external storage device by being connected to a plurality of external storage devices via an external storage device changeover switch, a plurality of arithmetic devices and an inter-node connection changeover switch An inter-node connection means having a function capable of transferring a program and data to the plurality of arithmetic devices by being connected via the network, and a function capable of receiving a program and data transmitted from another arithmetic device; An arithmetic device comprising: a connection path provided between the receiving means and the inter-node connecting means for transmitting the program and data received by the receiving means to the inter-node connecting means. The reception means receives the data from the plurality of external storage devices via the external storage device changeover switch. Receiving programs and data, an arithmetic unit via the connection path programs and data thus received, and transmits the connection means between said nodes.   Connection with the plurality of arithmetic devices is made by crossbar connection, and further includes control means capable of issuing a transfer command to the inter-node connection means. The control means includes the inter-node connection means, The program and data received by the receiving unit from an external storage device and transmitted to the node indirect unit via the connection path are transmitted to any one or more of the plurality of arithmetic units via an inter-node connection changeover switch. 2. The arithmetic unit according to claim 1, wherein an instruction is issued so as to transfer to the arithmetic unit.   A plurality of arithmetic devices are connected via an inter-node connection changeover switch, and the plurality of arithmetic devices are data transfer systems respectively connected to a plurality of external storage devices via an external storage device changeover switch, Receiving means capable of receiving a program and data transmitted from the external storage device by being connected to the plurality of external storage devices via the external storage device changeover switch, and the plurality of arithmetic devices, respectively And a function capable of transferring programs and data to the plurality of arithmetic devices and a function capable of receiving programs and data transmitted from other arithmetic devices. The internode connection means having the program and data received by the receiving means, A connection path provided between the receiving means and the inter-node connecting means for transmitting to the inter-node connecting means, wherein the receiving means is connected to the external storage device from the plurality of external storage devices. A data transfer system that receives the program and data received via a storage device changeover switch and transmits the received program and data to the internode connection means via the connection path.   The plurality of arithmetic devices are connected to each other by crossbar connection, and each of the plurality of arithmetic devices further includes a control unit capable of issuing a transfer command to the inter-node connection unit. The inter-connection means receives the program and data received by the receiving means from the plurality of external storage devices and transmitted to the node indirect means via the connection path via the inter-node connection changeover switch. 4. The data transfer system according to claim 3, wherein an instruction is issued to transfer to one or more of the arithmetic devices.

Images