JP3790402B2 - Conveying device in waste solidification processing equipment - Google Patents

Conveying device in waste solidification processing equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3790402B2
JP3790402B2 JP2000015179A JP2000015179A JP3790402B2 JP 3790402 B2 JP3790402 B2 JP 3790402B2 JP 2000015179 A JP2000015179 A JP 2000015179A JP 2000015179 A JP2000015179 A JP 2000015179A JP 3790402 B2 JP3790402 B2 JP 3790402B2
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Prior art keywords
waste
conveyor
molding machine
drying device
moisture
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JP2001207180A (en
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詔 山下
昇 繁竹
周一 副島
真喜 上山
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Kyokuto Kaihatsu Kogyo Co Ltd
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Kyokuto Kaihatsu Kogyo Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、塵芥等の可燃の廃棄物を脱水処理してから燃料などに共するべく固形化処理するようにした廃棄物の固形化処理装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の固形化処理装置は、図２に示す如く破砕機０１、乾燥装置０２及び成形機０３とから構成されており、前記破砕機０１にて破砕された廃棄物を搬送コンベア０４にて乾燥装置０２へ搬送し、乾燥装置０２内を所定温度の熱風を吹き付けて廃棄物中の水分量を蒸発させて脱水処理した後、搬送コンベア０５にて成形機０３へ搬送し、脱水処理された廃棄物をペレット状に固化成形するようになっている。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、一般に廃棄物中に含まれる水分量は廃棄物の種類によって大きくばらつきがある。しかし前記従来構造にあっては乾燥装置０２は常に一定温度で脱水処理するため、水分を多く含んだ廃棄物は十分脱水処理されない状態で乾燥装置０２から排出される場合があり、廃棄物中に含まれる水分比率が所定値、例えば１０％以上の場合は、固化成形された後、時間の経過に伴って腐敗し燃料として使用できなくなる場合がある。
そこで本発明は成形機に搬送される廃棄物の水分量を所定値以下になるようにして確実に固形化処理することができる廃棄物の固形化処理装置における搬送装置を提供するものである。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、塵芥等の廃棄物を破砕する破砕機と、前記破砕された廃棄物を脱水処理する乾燥装置と、前記脱水処理された廃棄物を固化成形する成形機とを設けてなる廃棄物の固形化処理装置において、前記乾燥装置と成形機との間に設けられ脱水処理された廃棄物を成形機へ搬送する正逆回転可能な搬送コンベアと、前記搬送コンベアにて搬送される廃棄物の水分量を検出する水分検知手段と、前記水分検知手段による検出値が所定値以上のとき搬送コンベアを逆回転させて廃棄物を乾燥装置若しくは破砕機に戻す制御装置とからなることを特徴とするものである。
これにより、成形機に搬送される廃棄物の水分量を所定値以下にすることができるため、脱水処理された廃棄物を確実に固形化することができる。
【０００５】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明すると、図１において１は固形化処理装置であって、該固形化処理装置１は破砕機２、乾燥装置３及び成形機４とから構成されており、前記破砕機２にて塵芥等の可燃の廃棄物を破砕した後、乾燥装置３にて一定温度で所定時間脱水処理し、脱水処理した廃棄物を成形機４にてペレット状に固化成形するようになっている。
【０００６】
前記乾燥装置３は、回転ドラム５内に熱風を吹き付けるノズル６を設けてなり、前記ノズル６から所定温度の熱風を回転ドラム５内に吹き付けることにより、廃棄物中に含まれる水分を蒸発させて脱水処理するようになっている。７は破砕機２と乾燥装置３との間に配置された搬送コンベアであって、前記破砕機２にて破砕された廃棄物を乾燥装置３に搬送するようになっている。
【０００７】
前記乾燥装置３と成形機４との間には成形機４に搬送される廃棄物の水分量を所定値以下にするための搬送装置８を設けてある。以下前記搬送装置８について説明すると、前記乾燥装置３と成形機４との間には無端状の第１コンベア９及び第２コンベア１０とを直列に配設してなる搬送コンベア１１を設けてある。
前記第１コンベア９の上方位置には水分検出手段である水分計１２を設けてあり、前記水分計１２は赤外線の照射により第１コンベア９上の廃棄物中に含まれる水分比率を検出するようになっている。
【０００８】
前記第２コンベア１０はモータ１３により正逆回転可能に駆動するようになっており、正転駆動（図１時計方向）により第１コンベア９から搬送される廃棄物を成形機４へ搬送し、逆転駆動（図１反時計方向）により廃棄物を前記破砕機２へ搬送するようになっている。
１４は前記水分計１２による検出値に基づいて第２コンベア１０の正逆回転駆動を制御する制御装置１４であって、前記制御装置１４は水分計１２にて所定時間のあいだ複数回検出作業を行い、前記検出値の平均値が１０％未満の場合はモータ１３にて第２コンベア１０を正転駆動させて廃棄物を成形機４に搬送し、前記検出値の平均値が１０％以上の場合はモータ１３にて第２コンベア１０を逆転駆動させて廃棄物を破砕機２へ搬送するようになっている。前記破砕機２に搬送された廃棄物は再度細かく破砕され廃棄物の表面積を大きくして水分を蒸発しやすくし、乾燥装置３にて脱水処理されるようになっている。
【０００９】
これにより水分比率の小さい廃棄物だけを成形機４へ搬送するようにしたので、固化成形された廃棄物が腐敗するのを確実に防止することができる。また水分比率の大きい廃棄物は再度細かく破砕するようにしたので、確実に脱水処理することができる。
尚、本実施の形態では搬送コンベアを第１コンベアと第２コンベアとから構成してあるが、単体の搬送コンベアを正逆回転可能にするとともに搬送コンベアの上方にて水分量を検知するようにしても同様の作用効果を有するものである。
【００１０】
また本実施の形態では水分比率の大きい廃棄物を破砕機に戻すようにしてあるが、廃棄物が充分破砕されている場合には乾燥装置に戻すようにしても固化成形後に廃棄物が腐敗するのを防止するという効果は達成することができる。
さらに本実施の形態では搬送コンベアを逆転させる水分比率の所定値を１０％に設定しているが、１０％に限定するものではなく少なくとも固化成形後に腐敗しない程度の水分比率に設定すれば良い。
【００１１】
本発明は前記の如き構造で次に作用について説明すると、塵芥収集車等にて輸送されてきた廃棄物は、まず破砕機２に投入されて細かく破砕された後、搬送コンベア７にて乾燥装置３に搬送される。
前記廃棄物が乾燥装置３の回転ドラム５内に投入されると、ノズル６から回転ドラム５内に熱風が吹き付けられ、回転ドラム５内の温度上昇により廃棄物中に含まれる水分が蒸発して廃棄物は脱水処理される。
【００１２】
一定時間脱水処理された廃棄物は乾燥装置３から排出されて第１コンベア９にて次工程に搬送される。このとき水分計１２にて第１コンベア９上の廃棄物の水分比率が検出される。この検出作業は所定時間の間に複数回行われた後、制御装置１４にて検出値の平均値が計算される。
前記平均値が１０％未満の場合、制御装置１４はモータ１３に正転駆動指令を出力し、第２コンベア１０を正転させる。すると第１コンベア９から第２コンベア１０に受け渡された廃棄物は第２コンベア１０の正転にて成形機４へ搬送され、ペレット状に固形化処理される。
【００１３】
また、前記検出値の平均値が１０％以上の場合、制御装置１４はモータ１３に逆転駆動指令を出力し、第２コンベア１０を逆転させる。すると第１コンベア９上の廃棄物は第２コンベア１０に受け渡された後、成形機４への搬送方向と逆側に搬送されて破砕機２に戻される。
破砕機２に戻された廃棄物は、再度破砕処理された後、乾燥装置３にて脱水処理される。
【００１４】
【発明の効果】
以上の如く本発明では、乾燥装置にて脱水処理された廃棄物を搬送する搬送コンベアを正逆回転可能にし、前記搬送コンベア上の廃棄物の水分量を検出する水分検出手段を設け、前記水分検出手段による検出値が所定値以上の場合は搬送コンベアを逆転させて破砕機若しくは乾燥装置に搬送するようにしたので、成形機に搬送される廃棄物中の水分量を常に所定値以下に保つことができるため、廃棄物を確実に固形化処理するとともに腐敗を防止することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の固形化処理装置の全体図である。
【図２】従来の固形化処理装置の全体図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 固形化処理装置
２ 破砕機
３ 乾燥装置
４ 成形機
８ 搬送装置
１１ 搬送コンベア
１２ 水分計（水分検知手段）
１４ 制御装置[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a waste solidification processing apparatus in which combustible waste such as dust is dehydrated and then solidified to be used together with fuel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 2, the conventional solidification processing apparatus includes a crusher 01, a drying apparatus 02, and a molding machine 03, and the waste crushed by the crusher 01 is dried by a transport conveyor 04. 02, the hot air of a predetermined temperature is blown through the drying device 02 to evaporate the water content in the waste, and after dehydration, the waste is transported to the molding machine 03 by the conveyor 05 and dehydrated. Is solidified and formed into pellets.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Incidentally, the amount of water contained in waste generally varies greatly depending on the type of waste. However, in the above-described conventional structure, the drying device 02 always dehydrates at a constant temperature, so that waste containing a lot of moisture may be discharged from the drying device 02 without being sufficiently dehydrated. When the moisture ratio contained is a predetermined value, for example, 10% or more, after solidification molding, it may decay with time and become unusable as fuel.
Therefore, the present invention provides a transport device in a solidification processing apparatus for waste that can be reliably solidified by setting the moisture content of the waste transported to the molding machine to be a predetermined value or less.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention includes a crusher for crushing waste such as dust, a drying device for dehydrating the crushed waste, and a molding machine for solidifying and molding the dehydrated waste. In the solidification processing apparatus, a transport conveyor that is provided between the drying device and the molding machine and transports the dehydrated waste to the molding machine and that can be rotated forward and backward, and the waste transported by the transport conveyor Characterized in that it comprises: a moisture detection means for detecting the amount of moisture in the water; and a control device that reversely rotates the conveyor to return the waste to a drying device or a crusher when a detection value by the moisture detection means is a predetermined value or more. To do.
Thereby, since the moisture content of the waste conveyed to a molding machine can be made into below a predetermined value, the dehydrated waste can be solidified reliably.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a solidification processing apparatus, and the solidification processing apparatus 1 includes a crusher 2, a drying apparatus 3, and a molding machine 4. The combustible waste such as dust is crushed by the crusher 2 and then dehydrated at a constant temperature for a predetermined time by the drying device 3. The dehydrated waste is pelletized by the molding machine 4. It is designed to solidify.
[0006]
The drying device 3 is provided with a nozzle 6 that blows hot air into the rotary drum 5, and by blowing hot air at a predetermined temperature from the nozzle 6 into the rotary drum 5, the moisture contained in the waste is evaporated. It is designed to be dehydrated. Reference numeral 7 denotes a conveyer disposed between the crusher 2 and the drying device 3, and conveys the waste crushed by the crusher 2 to the drying device 3.
[0007]
Between the drying device 3 and the molding machine 4, a transport device 8 is provided for reducing the moisture content of the waste transported to the molding machine 4 to a predetermined value or less. Hereinafter, the conveying device 8 will be described. Between the drying device 3 and the molding machine 4, a conveying conveyor 11 in which an endless first conveyor 9 and a second conveyor 10 are arranged in series is provided. .
A moisture meter 12 serving as a moisture detection means is provided above the first conveyor 9, and the moisture meter 12 detects the moisture content contained in the waste on the first conveyor 9 by irradiation with infrared rays. It has become.
[0008]
The second conveyor 10 is driven so as to be able to rotate forward and backward by a motor 13, and the waste conveyed from the first conveyor 9 is conveyed to the molding machine 4 by forward rotation driving (clockwise in FIG. 1). Waste is conveyed to the crusher 2 by reverse rotation driving (counterclockwise in FIG. 1).
Reference numeral 14 denotes a control device 14 for controlling forward / reverse rotation driving of the second conveyor 10 based on a detection value by the moisture meter 12, and the control device 14 performs a detection operation by the moisture meter 12 a plurality of times for a predetermined time. If the average value of the detected values is less than 10%, the second conveyor 10 is driven to rotate forward by the motor 13 to convey the waste to the molding machine 4, and the average value of the detected values is 10% or more. In this case, the second conveyor 10 is driven in reverse by the motor 13 to convey waste to the crusher 2. The waste conveyed to the crusher 2 is finely crushed again to increase the surface area of the waste to facilitate the evaporation of moisture, and is dehydrated by the drying device 3.
[0009]
As a result, only the waste having a small moisture ratio is conveyed to the molding machine 4, so that the solidified waste can be reliably prevented from being spoiled. In addition, since the waste having a large water ratio is finely crushed again, it can be reliably dehydrated.
In this embodiment, the conveyor is composed of the first conveyor and the second conveyor. However, the single conveyor can be rotated forward and backward and the amount of moisture can be detected above the conveyor. However, it has the same effect.
[0010]
In this embodiment, the waste having a large water ratio is returned to the crusher. However, if the waste is sufficiently crushed, the waste will be spoiled after solidification molding even if the waste is returned to the drying device. The effect of preventing this can be achieved.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the predetermined value of the moisture ratio for reversing the conveyor is set to 10%, but it is not limited to 10%, and it may be set to a moisture ratio that does not rot at least after solidification molding.
[0011]
Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. The waste transported by a garbage truck or the like is first thrown into the crusher 2 and then finely crushed, and then dried by the conveyor 7. 3 is conveyed.
When the waste is put into the rotating drum 5 of the drying device 3, hot air is blown from the nozzle 6 into the rotating drum 5, and moisture contained in the waste evaporates due to a temperature rise in the rotating drum 5. Waste is dehydrated.
[0012]
The waste material dehydrated for a certain time is discharged from the drying device 3 and conveyed to the next process by the first conveyor 9. At this time, the moisture ratio of the waste on the first conveyor 9 is detected by the moisture meter 12. After this detection operation is performed a plurality of times during a predetermined time, the control device 14 calculates an average value of the detection values.
When the average value is less than 10%, the control device 14 outputs a normal rotation drive command to the motor 13 to cause the second conveyor 10 to perform normal rotation. Then, the waste delivered from the first conveyor 9 to the second conveyor 10 is conveyed to the molding machine 4 by normal rotation of the second conveyor 10 and solidified into a pellet form.
[0013]
Further, if the average value of the detected value is not less than 10%, the controller 14 outputs a reverse rotation drive command to the motor 13, to reverse the second conveyor 10. Then, after the waste on the first conveyor 9 is transferred to the second conveyor 10, the waste is conveyed in the direction opposite to the conveying direction to the molding machine 4 and returned to the crusher 2.
The waste returned to the crusher 2 is crushed again and then dehydrated by the drying device 3.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, the transport conveyor for transporting the waste material dehydrated by the drying device can be rotated forward and backward, and provided with a moisture detection means for detecting the moisture content of the waste on the transport conveyor, When the detection value detected by the detection means is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, the transport conveyor is reversed and transported to the crusher or drying device, so the amount of water in the waste transported to the molding machine is always kept below the predetermined value. Therefore, it is possible to reliably solidify the waste and prevent spoilage.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall view of a solidification processing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an overall view of a conventional solidification processing apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solidification processing apparatus 2 Crusher 3 Drying apparatus 4 Molding machine 8 Conveyance apparatus 11 Conveyor 12 Moisture meter (moisture detection means)
14 Control device

Claims (1)

塵芥等の廃棄物を破砕する破砕機と、前記破砕された廃棄物を脱水処理する乾燥装置と、前記脱水処理された廃棄物を固化成形する成形機とを設けてなる廃棄物の固形化処理装置において、前記乾燥装置と成形機との間に設けられ脱水処理された廃棄物を成形機へ搬送する正逆回転可能な搬送コンベアと、前記搬送コンベアにて搬送される廃棄物の水分量を検出する水分検知手段と、前記水分検知手段による検出値が所定値以上のとき搬送コンベアを逆回転させて廃棄物を乾燥装置若しくは破砕機に戻す制御装置とからなる廃棄物の固形化処理装置における搬送装置。Solidification treatment of waste comprising a crusher for crushing waste such as dust, a drying device for dehydrating the crushed waste, and a molding machine for solidifying and molding the dehydrated waste In the apparatus, a transport conveyor that is provided between the drying device and the molding machine and that transports the dehydrated waste to the molding machine can rotate forward and reverse, and a moisture content of the waste transported by the transport conveyor. In a solidification processing apparatus for waste comprising a moisture detection means to detect and a control device that reversely rotates a conveyor to return waste to a drying device or a crusher when a detection value by the moisture detection means is equal to or greater than a predetermined value Conveying device.
JP2000015179A 2000-01-25 2000-01-25 Conveying device in waste solidification processing equipment Expired - Lifetime JP3790402B2 (en)

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CN101892108A (en) * 2010-08-19 2010-11-24 福建泰和木业有限公司 Production process of environmental-protection plant energy particle fuel
CN102716695A (en) * 2012-07-05 2012-10-10 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Biomass molded fuel production raw material water content monitoring and regulating system

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