JP3785330B2

JP3785330B2 - Soil collector

Info

Publication number: JP3785330B2
Application number: JP2001088536A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 和広高木; 基次藤原
Original assignee: 株式会社藤原製作所
Priority date: 2001-03-26
Filing date: 2001-03-26
Publication date: 2006-06-14
Anticipated expiration: 2021-03-26
Also published as: JP2002286593A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、土壌を採取して地質検査を行う際に用いる土壌採取器に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
耕地土壌の肥沃(ひよく)性や農業害虫の発生状況を理化学的に判定したり、埋め立てた堆積物を分析し土壌の成因を調べるために、地質調査が行われる。この地質調査は、土壌の垂直断面形態を観察する必要があり、目的に応じて１ｍ程度の深さの垂直断面を観察、分析実験するために試料の採取（サンプリング）が行われる。
【０００３】
かかる１ｍ程度の試料を採取するために従来、回転式の土壌採取器が使用される。回転式の土壌採取器は、図７に示すように、地面Ｅに直接押し込んで試料としての土壌Ｓを内部に収容する筒部２と、この筒部２に回転力を伝達する伝動部１と、を主要部として備えている。
【０００４】
伝動部１は、図８（ａ）に示すように、回転軸１１と、この回転軸１１の一端側に直交するハンドル１２と、回転軸１１の他端側に鍔１４を介して段付き状に連設する円柱形状のグリップ１３と、を主要部として構成される。グリップ１３の周壁には回転軸１１の軸方向と直交する向きに棒状の突起１５が設けられている。この突起１５は周壁に対して１８０度位置に２箇所設けられている。また、グリップ１３には、軸方向に空気孔１６が穿設されている。
【０００５】
筒部２は、図８（ｂ）に示すように、その両端が開口した円筒形状を有する筒本体２１と、筒本体２１の一端側に設けたＬ型溝２２と、他端側に設けた掘削刃（ビット）２３と、を主要部として構成される。筒本体２１の内径はグリップ１３の外径と同じかやや大きく形成されている。また、Ｌ型溝２２の溝幅は棒状の突起１５の外径と同じかやや大きく形成されている。そして、伝動部１を筒部２に連結する際に、突起１５をＬ型溝２２に沿って挿入すると共に、グリップ１３を筒本体２１内に挿入し、筒本体２１の一端が鍔１４と当接した時、突起１５をＬ型溝２２に沿って時計回りに回転させることで、伝動部１と筒部２を軸方向に分離しないように連結する。掘削刃（ビット）２３は筒本体２１の内周壁に沿って先端が鋭角となるように形成されている。
【０００６】
そして、この土壌採取器は、図７に示すように、掘削刃２３を地面Ｅに突き立て伝動部１のハンドル１２を時計回りに回転させることで筒部２を地面Ｅに押し込んで筒部２内部に土壌Ｓを収納する。そして、通常は筒部２内に予め透明容器３（サンプラー）が挿入されており、土壌Ｓはこの透明容器３に収納する。
【０００７】
透明容器３は、図８（ｃ）に示すように、胴３１と底板３２からなる有底円筒形状を有し、底板３２には土壌Ｓを収納する際、筒内部の空気をグリップ１３側の空気孔１６を介して外部に出すための空気抜き穴３２ａが設けられている。
【０００８】
そして、地質検査は、透明容器３内に収納した土壌Ｓを用いて、まず垂直断面をみて、色、構造、植物根の入り方、母材の地質（腐葉土か、砂か、火山灰か等々）の上下方向の変わり方を観察し、比較的にそれらの性状が急変する部分に水平方向の境界線を引いて層位の区別をする。また、各層位ごとに耕地土壌の肥沃(ひよく)性や農業害虫の発生状況を理化学的に判定したり、埋め立てた堆積物を分析し土壌の成因を調べる。
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、従来の土壌採取器は、地面Ｅを掘削刃（ビット）２３で回転切削しながら筒部２を押し込み掘進するものであるが、筒部２を掘進させるために多大な労力を要するといった問題があった。また、労力によって得られた土壌Ｓは筒部２３を押し込む際に押し固められ、外観検査の際に土壌Ｓの性状が判りずらいといった問題や透明容器３から土壌Ｓを取り出して検査する際に押し固められた土壌Ｓを粒子状に崩すための労力が別途必要になるといった問題もあった。
【００１０】
本発明は、土壌を採取する際の掘進作業が容易で、採取した土壌も地質検査が容易である土壌採取器を提供することを技術的課題とする。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の土壌採取器は前述の技術的課題を解決するために以下のように構成されている
。
すなわち、本発明の土壌採取器は、両端が開口した円筒形状の筒部と、この筒部の一端開口に着脱自在に係合し、前記筒部に回転力を伝達する伝動部と、前記筒部の他端開口の内側に鋭角となる傾斜面が形成された掘削刃と、前記筒部の他端開口の内周面に設けられた送りねじと、胴と底板からなる有底円筒形状を有し、前記底板には内部の空気を外部に出す空気孔が設けられ、有底円筒の開口部を前記筒部の他端開口側として前記筒部の内部に着脱自在に挿入される透明容器と、を備え、前記筒部の他端開口は、前記掘削刃を土壌に接地させて前記伝動部を介して回転されると、前記土壌が前記送りねじの斜面に沿って筒内に送られて前記透明容器の開口部側より透明容器内に収納され、前記土壌が収納された前記透明容器を筒内部から取り出して新たな透明容器を挿入することを特徴とする。また、本発明の土壌採取器において、前記掘削刃は鋸刃形状であることが好ましい。
【００１２】
筒部先端の掘削刃が鋸刃形状なので、鋸刃が土壌を切断すると共に筒部内に送る作用をする。また、筒部の内周面に送りねじを設けた構成により、掘削刃で切断し筒部内に送られた土壌が更に送りねじの斜面に沿って筒部内に送られるので、筒部内周面と土壌との摩擦係数が減少するので多大な労力を必要とせず、土壌を採取する際の掘進作業が容易となる。また、掘削刃で切削された土壌が従来のように直接筒部内をせり上がるのではなく、送りねじに沿って回転移動しながら筒部内に送られるので、土壌が粉れた柔らかい状態で採取でき、後工程の地質検査も容易にできる。
【００１３】
また、本発明の土壌採取器において、前記送りねじは前記掘削刃に連接して設けられることが好ましい。すなわち、送りねじが掘削刃に連接して設けられることで、掘削刃で切断し筒部内に送られた土壌が直ちに送りねじに沿って送ることができる。
【００１４】
更に、本発明の土壌採取器において、送りねじが右ねじであれば、通常の送り回転である時計回り方向で伝動部を操作できる。
【００１５】
更にまた、本発明の土壌採取器において、前記送りねじのねじピッチが３〜５ｍｍであることが好ましく、特に耕地土壌での試験結果によれば、３ｍｍのねじピッチを用いたものが容易に掘進できたという結果を得た。
【００１６】
更にまた、本発明の土壌採取器において、前記伝動部が駆動源を有しており、この駆動源を用いて前記筒部に回転力を伝達する構成のものも例示できる。この例示によれば、駆動源に多大な負荷が掛かることなく掘削できるので、従来土壌採取器では不可能とされていた６ｍから７ｍ程度の掘削も可能となる。
【００１７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の一実施の形態である土壌採取器を添付した図面に基づいて説明する。なお、本実施形態では、耕地土壌の肥沃(ひよく)性や農業害虫の発生状況を理化学的に判定したり、埋め立てた堆積物を分析し土壌の成因を調べるために、１ｍ程度の深さの土壌を採取するハンドフィード型の土壌採取器を用いた場合で説明する。
【００１８】
すなわち、土壌採取器は、図１及び図２に示すように、地面Ｅに直接押し込んで試料としての土壌Ｓを内部に収容する筒部２と、この筒部２に回転力を伝達する伝動部１と、を主要部として備えている。
【００１９】
伝動部１は、回転軸１１と、この回転軸１１の一端側に直交するハンドル１２と、回転軸１１の他端側に鍔１４を介して段付き状に連設する円柱形状のグリップ１３と、を主要部として構成される。グリップ１３の周壁には回転軸１１の軸方向と直交する向きに棒状の突起１５が設けられている。この突起１５は周壁に対して１８０度位置に２箇所設けられている。また、グリップ１３には、軸方向に空気孔１６が穿設されている。
【００２０】
筒部２は、その両端が開口した円筒形状を有する筒本体２１と、筒本体２１の一端側に設けたＬ型溝２２と、他端側に内周壁に沿って設けた掘削刃（ビット）２３と、掘削刃２３と連接して筒本体内に穿設された送りねじ２４と、を主要部として構成される。なお、筒部２（筒本体２１）の長手方向寸法は２５ｃｍであり、径は５０ｍｍである。筒部２の長手方向寸法を２５ｃｍとした理由は、耕地に耕耘機が入って土を起こす深さが２５ｃｍ程度であることによる。
【００２１】
筒本体２１の内径はグリップ１３の外径と同じかやや大きく形成されている。また、Ｌ型溝２２の溝幅は棒状の突起１５の外径と同じかやや大きく形成されている。そして、伝動部１を筒部２に連結する際に、突起１５をＬ型溝２２に沿って挿入すると共に、グリップ１３を筒本体２１内に挿入し、筒本体２１の一端が鍔１４と当接した時、突起１５をＬ型溝２２に沿って時計回りに回転させることで、伝動部１と筒部２を軸方向に分離しないように連結する。
【００２２】
掘削刃（ビット）２３は、図３及び図４に示すように、鋸刃形状であり、その歯が径５０ｍｍに対し内周壁に沿って１８個設けられている。また、歯は筒本体２１の内側に鋭角となる傾斜面が形成されている（図４（ｂ）参照）。
【００２３】
送りねじは筒本体２１の内周面に穿設された右ねじであり、そのピッチは３ｍｍの１条ねじである。
【００２４】
そして、この土壌採取器は、図１に示すように、掘削刃２３を地面Ｅに突き立て伝動部１のハンドル１２を時計回りに回転させることで筒部２を地面Ｅに押し込んで筒部２内部に土壌Ｓを収納する。そして、この筒部２内には予め透明容器３（サンプラー）が挿入されており、土壌Ｓはこの透明容器３に収納する。
【００２５】
透明容器３は、図５に示すように、胴３１と底板３２からなる有底円筒形状を有し、底板３２には土壌Ｓを収納する際、筒内部の空気をグリップ１３側の空気孔１６を介して外部に出すための空気抜き穴３２ａが設けられている。なお、この透明容器３は土壌Ｓを収納した後、開口部側に蓋３３をして採取した土壌Ｓを密閉する。また、この透明容器３の材質は加工や使用時の硬度を考慮すると塩化ビニル等の樹脂が好ましい。
【００２６】
次に、この実施の形態の作用を説明する。
すなわち、筒部２先端の掘削刃２３が鋸刃形状なので、鋸刃の歯が土壌を切断すると共に傾斜面を介して筒部２内に送る作用をする。また、筒部２の内周面に送りねじ２４を設けた構成により、掘削刃２３で切断し筒部２内に送られた土壌Ｓが更に送りねじ２４の斜面に沿って筒部２内に送られる。従って、掘削刃２３で切削された土壌Ｓが従来のように直接筒部２内をせり上がるのではなく、送りねじ２４の斜面に沿って収納されるので、筒部２内周面と土壌Ｓとの摩擦係数が減少し、多大な労力を必要とせずに掘進作業が容易にできる。そして、図１に示すように、１回目の２５ｃｍの掘削Ｌ１が終了すると、筒部２より透明容器３を取り出して蓋３３をする。次に、筒部２に新たな透明容器３を装着して掘削Ｌ１に続けて２回目の掘削Ｌ２を５０ｃｍの深さまで行う。同様に順次掘削Ｌ３，Ｌ４と続けることにより、１ｍ程度掘進する。
【００２７】
そして、地質検査は、透明容器３内に収納した土壌Ｓを用いて、まず垂直断面をみて、色、構造、植物根の入り方、母材の地質（腐葉土か、砂か、火山灰か等々）の上下方向の変わり方を観察し、比較的にそれらの性状が急変する部分に水平方向の境界線を引いて層位の区別をする。また、各層位ごとに耕地土壌の肥沃(ひよく)性や農業害虫の発生状況を理化学的に判定したり、埋め立てた堆積物を分析し土壌の成因を調べる。従って、この実施形態によれば、掘削された土壌Ｓが送りねじ２４に沿って回転移動しながら筒部２内に送られるので、土壌Ｓが粉れた柔らかい状態で採取でき、後工程の地質検査も容易にできる。
【００２８】
また、この実施の形態において、送りねじ２４は掘削刃２３に連接して設けられることで、掘削刃２３で切削した土壌Ｓが直ちに送りねじ２４に沿って送ることができる。更に、この実施の形態において、送りねじが右ねじであれば、通常の送り回転である時計回り方向で伝動部を操作できる。
【００２９】
なお、この実施の形態では、耕地土壌での試験結果が良好であったので、掘削刃（ビット）２３の歯を径５０ｍｍに対し１８個設け、かつ送りねじ２４のピッチを３ｍｍに設計した土壌採取器の場合で説明したが、掘削刃２３の歯数や送りねじ２４のピッチはこの実施の形態のものに限定されるものではなく、掘削する土壌の性質に応じて適宜決定されるものである。但し、耕地土壌で用いる場合は、歯数が１８個前後、ねじピッチが３〜５ｍｍであることが好ましい。
【００３０】
また、この実施の形態では、ハンドフィード型（手動）の土壌採取器として説明したが、別の実施の形態として、図６に示すように、伝動部１００がが駆動源（例えば、電動モータ）１１０を有する構成のものも本発明に含まれる。すなわち、伝動部１００が、回転軸１０１と、この回転軸１０１と変速機１１１を介して連接する電動モータ１１０と、電動モータ１１０を囲むように設けたハンドル１０２と、回転軸１０１の他端側に鍔１１４を介して段付き状に連設する円柱形状のグリップ１１３と、を主要部として構成される。そして、グリップ１１３の周壁には回転軸１０１の軸方向と直交する向きに棒状の突起１１５が設けられている。この突起１１５は周壁に対して１８０度位置に２箇所設けられている。なお、筒部２及び透明容器３の構成は前述の実施の形態と同様なのでその説明は省略する。上下駆動方向のものも含まれる。
【００３１】
この別の実施の形態によれば、駆動源１１０を用いて筒部２に回転力を伝達する構成なので、駆動源１１０に多大な負荷が掛かることなく掘削できる。従って、従来土壌採取器では不可能とされていた６ｍから７ｍ程度の掘削も可能となる。その結果、埋め立て地におけるダイオキシン検査等も本発明を用いて可能となる。
【００３２】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、筒部先端の掘削刃が鋸刃形状なので、鋸刃が土壌を切断すると共に筒部内に送る作用をする。また、筒部の内周面に送りねじを設けた構成により、掘削刃で切断し筒部内に送られた土壌が更に送りねじの斜面に沿って筒部内に送られるので、筒部内周面と土壌との摩擦係数が減少するので多大な労力を必要とせず、土壌を採取する際の掘進作業が容易となる。また、掘削刃で切削された土壌が従来のように直接筒部内をせり上がるのではなく、送りねじに沿って回転移動しながら筒部内に送られるので、土壌が粉れた柔らかい状態で採取でき、後工程の地質検査も容易にできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の土壌採取器の外観図である。
【図２】本発明の土壌採取器の斜視図である。
【図３】筒部先端の詳細図である。
【図４】掘削刃と送りねじの詳細図であり、図４（ａ）は掘削刃の歯部を示し、図４（ｂ）は図４（ａ）のＡ−Ａ断面を示す。
【図５】土壌収納部（サンプラー）の詳細図である。
【図６】本発明の別の実施の形態に係る土壌採取器の外観図である。
【図７】従来の土壌採取器の外観図である。
【図８】従来の土壌採取器の構成部分の詳細図であり、図８（ａ）は伝動部を示し、図８（ｂ）は筒部を示し、図８（ｃ）は土壌収納部（サンプラー）を示す。
【符号の説明】
１…伝動部
２…筒部
３…透明容器（サンプラー）
１１…回転軸
１２…ハンドル
１３…グリップ
１４…鍔
１５…突起
１６…空気孔
２１…筒本体
２２…Ｌ型溝
２３…掘削刃
２４…送りねじ
３１…胴
３２…底板
３２ａ…空気抜き穴
１００…伝動部
１１０…駆動源（電動モータ）
１１１…変速機[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a soil collector used when collecting soil and conducting a geological inspection.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Geological surveys are conducted to determine the fertility of arable soil and the state of occurrence of agricultural pests, and to analyze landfill by analyzing landfill deposits. In this geological survey, it is necessary to observe the vertical cross-sectional form of the soil, and sampling (sampling) is performed in order to observe and analyze a vertical cross-section with a depth of about 1 m depending on the purpose.
[0003]
Conventionally, a rotary soil collector is used to collect a sample of about 1 m. As shown in FIG. 7, the rotary soil extractor is directly pushed into the ground E to store therein a soil S as a sample, and a transmission unit 1 that transmits a rotational force to the cylindrical portion 2. , As the main part.
[0004]
As shown in FIG. 8A, the transmission unit 1 includes a rotating shaft 11, a handle 12 orthogonal to one end side of the rotating shaft 11, and a stepped shape via a flange 14 on the other end side of the rotating shaft 11. A cylindrical grip 13 that is provided continuously with the main body is configured as a main part. A rod-like protrusion 15 is provided on the peripheral wall of the grip 13 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotary shaft 11. The protrusions 15 are provided at two positions at 180 degrees with respect to the peripheral wall. The grip 13 is provided with an air hole 16 in the axial direction.
[0005]
As shown in FIG. 8 (b), the cylindrical portion 2 is provided on a cylindrical main body 21 having a cylindrical shape with both ends opened, an L-shaped groove 22 provided on one end side of the cylindrical main body 21, and on the other end side. The excavating blade (bit) 23 is configured as a main part. The inner diameter of the cylinder body 21 is formed to be the same as or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the grip 13. Further, the groove width of the L-shaped groove 22 is the same as or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rod-like protrusion 15. Then, when connecting the transmission portion 1 to the cylindrical portion 2, the protrusion 15 is inserted along the L-shaped groove 22, and the grip 13 is inserted into the cylindrical main body 21, and one end of the cylindrical main body 21 contacts the flange 14. When contacted, the protrusion 15 is rotated clockwise along the L-shaped groove 22 to connect the transmission portion 1 and the cylindrical portion 2 so as not to be separated in the axial direction. The excavation blade (bit) 23 is formed along the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder body 21 so that the tip has an acute angle.
[0006]
Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the soil sampler pushes the tubular portion 2 into the ground E by pushing the excavating blade 23 against the ground E and rotating the handle 12 of the transmission unit 1 in the clockwise direction. The soil S is stored inside. In general, a transparent container 3 (sampler) is inserted in the cylinder portion 2 in advance, and the soil S is stored in the transparent container 3.
[0007]
As shown in FIG. 8C, the transparent container 3 has a bottomed cylindrical shape made up of a trunk 31 and a bottom plate 32. When the soil S is stored in the bottom plate 32, the air inside the cylinder is transferred to the grip 13 side. An air vent hole 32a is provided through the air hole 16 to the outside.
[0008]
And in the geological inspection, using the soil S stored in the transparent container 3, first, a vertical section is seen, and the color, structure, how to enter the plant root, the geology of the base material (whether humus, sand, volcanic ash, etc.) Observe the changes in the vertical direction, and draw a horizontal boundary line at the part where their properties change abruptly to distinguish the stratum. In addition, for each stratum, the fertilization of the arable soil and the occurrence of agricultural pests are determined physicochemically, and landfills are analyzed to investigate the origin of the soil.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the conventional soil extractor pushes and digs the cylindrical part 2 while rotating and cutting the ground E with the excavating blade (bit) 23, but it requires a lot of labor to dig the cylindrical part 2. was there. In addition, the soil S obtained by labor is compacted when the cylindrical portion 23 is pushed in, and it is difficult to understand the properties of the soil S during the appearance inspection or when the soil S is taken out from the transparent container 3 and inspected. There has also been a problem that additional effort is required to break down the compacted soil S into particles.
[0010]
This invention makes it a technical subject to provide the soil collector which the excavation operation | work at the time of extract | collecting soil is easy, and the extract | collected soil is also easy for a geological inspection.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The soil collector of the present invention is configured as follows in order to solve the above-described technical problem.
That is, the soil extractor of the present invention includes a cylindrical tube portion having both ends opened, a transmission portion that is detachably engaged with one end opening of the tube portion, and transmits a rotational force to the tube portion, and the tube. A bottomed cylindrical shape consisting of a drilling blade formed with an acute inclined surface inside the other end opening of the part, a feed screw provided on the inner peripheral surface of the other end opening of the cylindrical part, and a barrel and a bottom plate A transparent container that is provided in the bottom plate with an air hole for letting out the internal air to the outside, and is detachably inserted into the cylindrical portion with the opening of the bottomed cylinder as the other end opening side of the cylindrical portion And the other end opening of the tube portion is fed into the tube along the slope of the feed screw when the excavating blade is grounded to the soil and rotated through the transmission portion. The transparent container is stored in the transparent container from the opening side of the transparent container and the soil is stored in the cylinder. Characterized by inserting a new transparent container out. In the soil sampler of the present invention, it is preferable that the excavation blade has a saw blade shape.
[0012]
Since the excavating blade at the tip of the tube portion has a saw blade shape, the saw blade cuts the soil and feeds it into the tube portion. In addition, the structure in which the feed screw is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion allows the soil cut by the excavating blade and sent into the cylindrical portion to be further fed into the cylindrical portion along the slope of the feed screw. Since the coefficient of friction with the soil decreases, a great deal of labor is not required, and the excavation work when collecting the soil becomes easy. In addition, the soil cut by the excavating blade is not directly raised in the cylinder as in the conventional case, but is sent to the cylinder while rotating along the feed screw, so that the soil can be collected in a soft and dusty state. Also, geological inspection in the post-process can be done easily.
[0013]
In the soil sampler of the present invention, it is preferable that the feed screw is connected to the excavation blade. That is, by providing the feed screw connected to the excavation blade, the soil cut by the excavation blade and sent into the cylindrical portion can be immediately sent along the feed screw.
[0014]
Furthermore, in the soil extractor of the present invention, if the feed screw is a right-hand screw, the transmission unit can be operated in the clockwise direction that is normal feed rotation.
[0015]
Furthermore, in the soil sampler of the present invention, it is preferable that the screw pitch of the feed screw is 3 to 5 mm, and according to the test result in the arable soil, the one using the screw pitch of 3 mm can be easily excavated. I got the result that I was able to.
[0016]
Furthermore, in the soil extractor according to the present invention, the transmission unit has a drive source, and a configuration in which a rotational force is transmitted to the tube portion using the drive source can be exemplified. According to this illustration, since excavation can be performed without applying a great load to the drive source, excavation of about 6 m to 7 m, which has been impossible with conventional soil collectors, is also possible.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a soil extractor according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this embodiment, a depth of about 1 m is used for physicochemical determination of the fertility of the arable soil and the state of occurrence of agricultural pests, and for analyzing the landfill and investigating the origin of the soil. This will be described in the case of using a hand-feed type soil collector that collects the soil.
[0018]
That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the soil sampler is directly pressed into the ground E to store the soil S as a sample therein, and a transmission unit that transmits rotational force to the tube 2. 1 as a main part.
[0019]
The transmission unit 1 includes a rotating shaft 11, a handle 12 orthogonal to one end side of the rotating shaft 11, and a columnar grip 13 provided in a stepped manner on the other end side of the rotating shaft 11 via a flange 14. Are configured as main parts. A rod-like protrusion 15 is provided on the peripheral wall of the grip 13 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotary shaft 11. The protrusions 15 are provided at two positions at 180 degrees with respect to the peripheral wall. The grip 13 is provided with an air hole 16 in the axial direction.
[0020]
The cylindrical part 2 has a cylindrical main body 21 having a cylindrical shape with both ends opened, an L-shaped groove 22 provided on one end side of the cylindrical main body 21, and an excavating blade (bit) provided on the other end side along the inner peripheral wall. 23 and a feed screw 24 which is connected to the excavating blade 23 and drilled in the cylinder main body is constituted as a main part. In addition, the longitudinal direction dimension of the cylinder part 2 (cylinder main body 21) is 25 cm, and a diameter is 50 mm. The reason why the longitudinal dimension of the cylindrical portion 2 is 25 cm is that the depth at which the cultivator enters the cultivated land and raises the soil is about 25 cm.
[0021]
The inner diameter of the cylinder body 21 is formed to be the same as or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the grip 13. Further, the groove width of the L-shaped groove 22 is the same as or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rod-like protrusion 15. Then, when connecting the transmission portion 1 to the cylindrical portion 2, the protrusion 15 is inserted along the L-shaped groove 22, and the grip 13 is inserted into the cylindrical main body 21, and one end of the cylindrical main body 21 contacts the flange 14. When contacted, the protrusion 15 is rotated clockwise along the L-shaped groove 22 to connect the transmission portion 1 and the cylindrical portion 2 so as not to be separated in the axial direction.
[0022]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the excavating blade (bit) 23 has a saw blade shape, and 18 teeth are provided along the inner peripheral wall with respect to a diameter of 50 mm. In addition, an inclined surface having an acute angle is formed inside the cylinder main body 21 (see FIG. 4B).
[0023]
The feed screw is a right-hand screw drilled in the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder main body 21, and the pitch is a single thread of 3 mm.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 1, this soil sampler pushes the excavating blade 23 against the ground E and rotates the handle 12 of the transmission unit 1 in the clockwise direction to push the cylindrical portion 2 into the ground E so that the cylindrical portion 2. The soil S is stored inside. A transparent container 3 (sampler) is inserted in the cylinder portion 2 in advance, and the soil S is stored in the transparent container 3.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 5, the transparent container 3 has a bottomed cylindrical shape composed of a trunk 31 and a bottom plate 32, and when the soil S is stored in the bottom plate 32, air inside the cylinder is passed through the air holes 16 on the grip 13 side. An air vent hole 32a is provided for exiting to the outside. In addition, after this transparent container 3 accommodates the soil S, the lid | cover 33 is put on the opening part side, and the soil S collected is sealed. The material of the transparent container 3 is preferably a resin such as vinyl chloride in consideration of hardness during processing and use.
[0026]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
That is, since the excavating blade 23 at the tip of the tube portion 2 has a saw blade shape, the teeth of the saw blade act to cut the soil and feed it into the tube portion 2 through the inclined surface. Further, due to the configuration in which the feed screw 24 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2, the soil S cut by the excavating blade 23 and sent into the cylindrical portion 2 further enters the cylindrical portion 2 along the slope of the feed screw 24. Sent. Therefore, the soil S cut by the excavating blade 23 is not directly raised in the cylindrical portion 2 as in the prior art, but is stored along the slope of the feed screw 24, so that the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2 and the soil S are stored. The friction coefficient is reduced, and excavation work can be easily performed without requiring much labor. As shown in FIG. 1, when the first 25 cm excavation L <b> 1 is completed, the transparent container 3 is taken out from the cylindrical portion 2 and the lid 33 is put on. Next, a new transparent container 3 is mounted on the cylindrical portion 2, and the second excavation L2 is performed to a depth of 50 cm following the excavation L1. Similarly, the digging is continued for about 1 m by continuing the excavation L3 and L4 sequentially.
[0027]
And in the geological inspection, using the soil S stored in the transparent container 3, first, a vertical section is seen, and the color, structure, how to enter the plant root, the geology of the base material (whether humus, sand, volcanic ash, etc.) Observe the changes in the vertical direction, and draw a horizontal boundary line at the part where their properties change abruptly to distinguish the stratum. In addition, for each stratum, the fertilization of the arable soil and the occurrence of agricultural pests are determined physicochemically, and landfills are analyzed to investigate the origin of the soil. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the excavated soil S is sent into the cylindrical portion 2 while being rotationally moved along the feed screw 24, so that the soil S can be collected in a soft and dusty state, and the geology in the subsequent process Inspection is also easy.
[0028]
In this embodiment, the feed screw 24 is connected to the excavating blade 23 so that the soil S cut by the excavating blade 23 can be immediately fed along the feed screw 24. Furthermore, in this embodiment, if the feed screw is a right-hand screw, the transmission unit can be operated in the clockwise direction that is normal feed rotation.
[0029]
In this embodiment, since the test results in the cultivated soil were good, 18 teeth of the excavating blade (bit) 23 were provided for a diameter of 50 mm, and the pitch of the feed screw 24 was designed to be 3 mm. Although explained in the case of the extractor, the number of teeth of the excavating blade 23 and the pitch of the feed screw 24 are not limited to those of this embodiment, and are appropriately determined according to the properties of the soil to be excavated. is there. However, when used in arable soil, the number of teeth is preferably around 18 and the screw pitch is preferably 3 to 5 mm.
[0030]
Moreover, although this embodiment demonstrated as a hand feed type (manual) soil collector, as another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the transmission part 100 is a drive source (for example, electric motor). A configuration having 110 is also included in the present invention. That is, the transmission unit 100 includes a rotating shaft 101, an electric motor 110 connected to the rotating shaft 101 via the transmission 111, a handle 102 provided so as to surround the electric motor 110, and the other end side of the rotating shaft 101. And a columnar grip 113 that is provided in a stepped manner via a flange 114, as a main part. A rod-like protrusion 115 is provided on the peripheral wall of the grip 113 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 101. The protrusions 115 are provided at two positions 180 degrees with respect to the peripheral wall. In addition, since the structure of the cylinder part 2 and the transparent container 3 is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment, the description is abbreviate | omitted. The vertical drive direction is also included.
[0031]
According to this another embodiment, since the rotational force is transmitted to the cylindrical portion 2 using the drive source 110, excavation can be performed without applying a great load to the drive source 110. Therefore, excavation of about 6 to 7 m, which has been impossible with conventional soil collectors, is also possible. As a result, dioxin inspection and the like in a landfill can be performed using the present invention.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the excavating blade at the tip of the cylindrical portion has a saw blade shape, so that the saw blade cuts the soil and feeds it into the cylindrical portion. In addition, the structure in which the feed screw is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion allows the soil cut by the excavating blade and sent into the cylindrical portion to be further fed into the cylindrical portion along the slope of the feed screw. Since the coefficient of friction with the soil decreases, a great deal of labor is not required, and the excavation work when collecting the soil becomes easy. In addition, the soil cut by the excavating blade is not directly raised in the cylinder as in the conventional case, but is sent to the cylinder while rotating along the feed screw, so that the soil can be collected in a soft and dusty state. Also, geological inspection in the post-process can be done easily.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an external view of a soil collector of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a soil collector of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a distal end of a cylindrical portion.
4A and 4B are detailed views of the excavation blade and the feed screw. FIG. 4A shows a tooth portion of the excavation blade, and FIG. 4B shows an AA cross section of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a detailed view of a soil storage unit (sampler).
FIG. 6 is an external view of a soil sampler according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an external view of a conventional soil collector.
FIG. 8 is a detailed view of the components of a conventional soil collector, FIG. 8 (a) shows the transmission part, FIG. 8 (b) shows the cylinder part, and FIG. 8 (c) shows the soil storage part ( Sampler).
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Transmission part 2 ... Tube part 3 ... Transparent container (sampler)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Rotating shaft 12 ... Handle 13 ... Grip 14 ... 鍔 15 ... Protrusion 16 ... Air hole 21 ... Tube body 22 ... L-shaped groove 23 ... Excavation blade 24 ... Feed screw 31 ... Body 32 ... Bottom plate 32a ... Air vent hole 100 ... Transmission Unit 110 ... Drive source (electric motor)
111 ... transmission

Claims

A cylindrical tube portion having both ends open;
  A transmission portion that detachably engages with one end opening of the cylindrical portion, and transmits a rotational force to the cylindrical portion,
  A drilling blade in which an inclined surface having an acute angle is formed inside the other end opening of the cylindrical portion;
  A feed screw provided on the inner peripheral surface of the other end opening of the cylindrical portion;
  The bottom plate has a bottomed cylindrical shape composed of a trunk and a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is provided with an air hole for letting internal air to the outside. A transparent container detachably inserted inside,
  When the other end opening of the cylinder part is rotated through the transmission part with the excavating blade grounded to the soil, the soil is fed into the cylinder along the slope of the feed screw, and the transparent container Housed in a transparent container from the opening side,
  A soil collector, wherein the transparent container containing the soil is taken out of the cylinder and a new transparent container is inserted.

The soil collector according to claim 1, wherein the transparent container has a lid that seals the soil stored therein from the opening side.

The soil excavator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the excavation blade has a saw shape.

The soil sampler according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the feed screw is connected to the excavation blade.

The soil sampler according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the feed screw is a right-hand screw.

The soil transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the transmission unit includes a drive source, and the rotational force and the vertical movement force are transmitted to the tube unit using the drive source.