CN115753202A

CN115753202A - Soil sampling device

Info

Publication number: CN115753202A
Application number: CN202211485358.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈思羽
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-11-24
Filing date: 2022-11-24
Publication date: 2023-03-07

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection and sampling, in particular to a soil sampling device, which comprises: the supporting seat (1) is provided with a soil drilling component mounting hole penetrating through the top surface and the bottom surface of the supporting seat (1); the earth drilling component (3) penetrates through the earth drilling component mounting hole; the earth drilling component (3) can axially move along the earth drilling component mounting hole and can extend out of the bottom surface of the supporting seat (1); the sampling assembly (5) is arranged in the soil drilling assembly (3) and can extend out of the bottom of the soil drilling assembly (3); and the limiting assembly is used for limiting the axial movement of the earth drilling assembly (3) relative to the earth drilling assembly mounting hole and the sampling assembly (5). The utility model provides a soil sampling device drills out the upper soil under the multi-stone environment at first, then the sampling cylinder stretches out from boring the section of thick bamboo and samples the soil on target soil layer.

Description

Soil sampling device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil detection and sampling, in particular to a soil sampling device.

Background

At present, a soil sample is obtained through a common tool comprising a soil drill, a shovel and a shovel, wherein the soil drill comprises a drill bit and a handle which are made of hard materials (steel or hard plastic), a soil sampler meets the requirements of full-layer soil sampling, equivalent and convenient soil sampling, the difficult problem of accurately collecting the soil sample which is difficult to realize is solved for soil fertilizer work such as soil testing formula fertilization and soil monitoring, and the soil sample can be sampled in different soil textures.

Generally, in some environments such as mountain forests and the like, the upper layer of soil has more hard stones, the soil sampling is difficult, and the collected soil sample has more stones, so that the sampling accuracy is influenced; in addition, it is sometimes necessary to separately sample the soil at different depths.

Therefore, sampling soil at a target depth is a concern for technicians.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a soil sampling device to solve the problem of how to sample soil at a target depth.

To solve the above technical problem, according to some embodiments, the present invention provides a soil sampling device comprising:

the supporting seat is provided with a soil drilling component mounting hole which penetrates through the top surface of the supporting seat and the ground;

the soil drilling assembly penetrates through the soil drilling assembly mounting hole; the earth drilling component can axially move along the earth drilling component mounting hole and can extend out of the bottom surface of the supporting seat;

the sampling assembly is arranged in the soil drilling assembly and can extend out of the bottom of the soil drilling assembly;

and the limiting assembly is used for limiting the axial movement of the earth drilling assembly relative to the earth drilling assembly mounting hole and the sampling assembly.

Furthermore, the soil drilling component is provided with a guide pipe and a drill cylinder fixedly communicated with the guide pipe; the opposite end of the drill cylinder connected with the guide pipe is provided with a drill bit capable of opening and closing;

the sampling assembly is provided with a guide rod arranged in the guide pipe in a penetrating way and a sampling cylinder fixedly connected with the guide rod (51).

Furthermore, the guide pipe is in threaded connection with the soil drilling component mounting hole, and the guide pipe is in threaded connection with the guide rod;

the limiting assembly comprises a first limiting assembly and a second limiting assembly, wherein the first limiting assembly limits the guide pipe and the soil drilling assembly mounting hole to rotate relatively, and the second limiting assembly limits the guide rod and the guide pipe to rotate relatively.

Furthermore, the first limiting assembly is arranged on the supporting seat, and the outer wall of the guide pipe is provided with a first limiting groove;

first spacing subassembly includes:

the rack is fixedly connected to the top surface of the supporting seat, and the direction of the rack is consistent with the axial direction of the guide pipe;

the pedal comprises a rack sliding hole arranged on the bottom surface of the pedal and a groove with an opening facing the guide pipe;

the rack penetrates into the rack sliding hole, and at least one part of the rack can extend into the groove;

the sliding block assembly is arranged in the groove and can slide from the bottom of the groove to the direction of the guide pipe; one side of the sliding block component facing the rack is provided with a tooth groove, and the arrangement direction of tooth tops of the tooth groove is consistent with the sliding direction of the sliding block component;

the gear is arranged on the side wall of the groove, one end of the gear is meshed with the tooth socket, and the other end of the gear is meshed with the rack;

the first spring is arranged between the pedal and the top surface of the supporting seat;

the first limiting groove is provided with a first side surface and a second side surface which prevent the sliding block component from moving along the circumferential direction of the guide pipe.

Further, the sliding block assembly comprises a first sliding block and a second sliding block which are oppositely arranged;

a second spring is arranged between the first sliding block and the second sliding block, and the tooth socket is arranged on the first sliding block;

at most one part of the second sliding block can be inserted into the first limiting groove, and the other part of the second sliding block is positioned in the groove.

Furthermore, a guide frame is arranged on the supporting seat;

the guide frame is provided with a guide part deviating from the top surface of the support seat and a stop block positioned at the top of the guide part;

one side of the pedal is provided with a sliding part protruding towards the guide part;

the sliding part is connected with the guide part in a sliding way.

Furthermore, a second limiting component is arranged at the top of the guide rod, and a second limiting groove is formed in the top of the guide pipe;

the second limiting assembly comprises a connecting rod, a first limiting rod and a third spring; the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rod;

the first limiting rod is connected with the connecting rod in a sliding mode and can be inserted into the second limiting groove to limit the guide rod to rotate along the guide pipe;

the two ends of the third spring are respectively connected with the first limiting rod and the connecting rod.

Furthermore, the drill bit capable of opening and closing is a conical structure formed by encircling at least two drill bit shells;

the drill bit shell is rotationally connected with the drill cylinder so that the drill bit shell can be opened outwards; a reset piece is arranged between the drill bit shell and the drill cylinder;

the drill bit shell is provided with a first limiting rod, one end of the first limiting rod is fixedly connected with the drill bit shell, and the other end of the first limiting rod can abut against the outer wall of the sampling cylinder along with the relative rotation of the drill bit shell and the drill cylinder so as to limit the drill bit shell to be opened to a preset angle.

Furthermore, the opposite end of the sampling cylinder connected with the guide rod is provided with a tunneling tooth.

Furthermore, a filter screen is arranged at the opposite end of the sampling cylinder connected with the guide rod.

The technical scheme of the invention at least has the following beneficial technical effects:

the sampling cylinder is protected by the drill cylinder in the sampling process, so that the upper soil is prevented from entering the sampling cylinder; after the drill cylinder reaches the target depth, the sampling cylinder extends out of the drill cylinder, the sampling cylinder rotates to collect the whole sample soil, the original appearance of a sampling soil layer is well kept, and the sampling soil layer soil is prevented from being mixed together.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the conventional technologies, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a soil sampling device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a soil sampling device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a first stop assembly in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an assembly view of a cartridge and drill bit according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the correspondence between the reference numbers and the part names in fig. 1 to 4 is:

1. a supporting seat; 2. a first limit component; 21. a pedal; 22. a rack; 23. a first spring; 24. a first slider; 25. a second slider; 26. a second spring; 27. a tooth socket; 28. a gear; 3. a soil drilling component 31 and a guide pipe; 32. a first limit groove; 33. drilling a barrel; 34. the drill bit can be opened and closed; 35. an elastic rotating shaft; 36. the second limiting rod 37, a second limiting groove 4, a second limiting component 41 and a guide rod; 42. a first limit rod; 43. a third spring 5, a sampling assembly; 51. a guide bar; 52. a sampling cartridge; 53. filtering with a screen; 54. and (4) digging teeth.

Detailed Description

At present, the problem that the soil of different depths can not be accurately sampled exists in the existing equipment.

To solve the above problems, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a soil sampling device, including: the supporting seat 1 is provided with a soil drilling component mounting hole which penetrates through the top surface of the supporting seat 1 and the ground; the earth drilling component 3 penetrates through the earth drilling component mounting hole; the earth drilling component 3 can axially move along the earth drilling component mounting hole and can extend out of the bottom surface of the supporting seat 1; the sampling assembly 5 is arranged in the soil drilling assembly 3 and can extend out of the bottom of the soil drilling assembly 3; and the limiting assembly is used for limiting the axial movement of the earth drilling assembly 3 relative to the earth drilling assembly mounting hole and the sampling assembly 5.

In this embodiment, the control limit assembly can limit the axial movement of the earth-boring assembly 3 relative to the earth-boring assembly mounting hole and the sampling assembly 5, and can also release the limit. Preferably, in the initial state of the device, the axial movement of the earth drilling assembly 3 relative to the earth drilling assembly mounting hole is set to be in a limited state, and the axial movement of the earth drilling assembly 3 and the sampling assembly 5 is set to be in an unrestricted state.

When soil drilling is started, the limiting assembly is controlled to prevent the soil drilling assembly 3 and the sampling assembly 5 from axially moving, the limitation of the soil drilling assembly 3 on the axial movement relative to the soil drilling assembly mounting hole is removed, and then the sampling assembly 5 is exerted with axial force to drive the soil drilling assembly 3 to axially move, so that the soil drilling assembly 3 extends out of the bottom surface of the supporting seat 1; the sampling component 5 continues to move to drive the soil drilling component 3 to enter the soil below the supporting seat 1.

After the earth drilling component 3 moves to a preset position or a target soil layer, the limiting component is controlled to prevent the earth drilling component 3 and the supporting seat 1 from axially moving, then the axial movement limitation of the earth drilling component 3 and the sampling component 5 is removed, at the moment, because the axial movement of the earth drilling component 3 relative to the supporting seat 1 is limited, the sampling component 5 does not drive the earth drilling component 3 to move any more, but moves downwards relative to the earth drilling component 3, and the sampling component 5 extends out of the earth drilling component 3 and goes deep into the soil for sampling. By operating the above process in reverse, the sampling assembly 5 and the earth drilling assembly 3 can be withdrawn from the earth layer. In this embodiment, when the sample process, bore native subassembly 3 and drill the upper soil under the multi-stone environment at first, get up sample subassembly 5 through boring native subassembly 3 protection, after reaching the target soil layer, sample subassembly 5 stretches out from boring native subassembly 3 and takes a sample to the target soil layer.

In one embodiment of the present application, the earth boring assembly 3 has a guide tube 31, and a boring drum 33 in fixed communication with the guide tube 31; the opposite end of the drill cylinder 33 connected with the guide pipe 31 is provided with an openable drill bit 34; the sampling assembly 5 has a guide rod 51 inserted into the guide tube 31, and a sampling cylinder 52 fixedly connected to the guide rod 51.

In one embodiment of the present application, the guide tube 31 is threadedly coupled to the earth-boring assembly mounting hole, and the guide tube 31 is threadedly coupled to the guide rod 51; the limiting assembly comprises a first limiting assembly 2 for limiting the guide pipe 31 and the soil drilling assembly mounting hole to rotate relatively, and a second limiting assembly 4 for limiting the guide rod 51 and the guide pipe 31 to rotate relatively.

In this embodiment, the guide tube 31 is screwed to both the earth boring assembly mounting hole and the guide rod 51, so that the external force to be applied is changed from the axial direction to the circumferential direction, and the operator can complete the sampling work with only a small force. The threaded connection has a real-time limiting effect on axial movement, and axial relative movement can be limited only by limiting circumferential relative rotation. And the circumferential direction guide rod 51 can drive the drill cylinder 33 and the sampling cylinder 53 to rotate, or independently drive the sampling cylinder 53 to rotate, so that the soil layer can be conveniently penetrated.

Optionally, a rotating handle is mounted on the top end of the guide rod 51 for facilitating the operation of the guide rod 51 for rotation.

In one embodiment of the present application, the first limiting component 2 is disposed on the supporting seat 1, and the outer wall of the guiding tube 31 is provided with a first limiting groove 32; the first stop assembly 2 comprises: the rack 22 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the supporting seat 1, and the axial direction of the rack 22 is consistent with that of the guide pipe 31; the pedal 21 comprises a rack sliding hole formed on the bottom surface of the pedal 21 and a groove with an opening facing the guide pipe 31; the rack 22 penetrates into the rack sliding hole, and at least one part of the rack 22 can extend into the groove;

the sliding block assembly is arranged in the groove and can slide from the bottom of the groove to the direction of the guide pipe 31; one side of the sliding block component facing the rack 22 is provided with a tooth groove 27, and the arrangement direction of the tooth tops of the tooth groove 27 is consistent with the sliding direction of the sliding block component;

a gear 28 mounted on the side wall of the groove, one end of the gear 28 being engaged with the tooth groove 27 and the other end being engaged with the rack 22;

preferably, the tooth structure of the gullet 27 is provided on the top wall of the gullet 27. The tooth structure of the rack 22 faces the guide tube 31.

A first spring 23 arranged between the pedal 21 and the top surface of the support base 1;

the first stopper groove 32 has a first side and a second side that prevent the slider assembly from moving circumferentially along the guide tube 31.

In this embodiment, the rack 22 is fixed on the support frame, and the pedal 21 is sleeved on the rack 22. The side surface of the groove on the pedal 21 can prevent the sliding block assembly from moving up and down along the pedal 21 or along the circumferential direction of the guide pipe 31; before the pedal 21 is stepped on, one part of the sliding block assembly is positioned in the first limit groove 32 of the guide pipe 31, so that the guide pipe 31 and the supporting seat 1 cannot rotate relatively; when the guide tube 31 and the support seat 1 need to rotate relatively, the pedal 21 is stepped on, the pedal 21 and the rack 22 move relatively, the gear 28 is driven to rotate along the rack 22, the gear 28 rotates to drive the tooth groove 27 on the sliding block assembly to move, the sliding block assembly slides into the groove of the pedal 21 from the guide tube 31 and is separated from the first limit groove 32, and the guide tube 31 and the support seat 1 can rotate relatively.

In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the slider assembly includes a first slider 24 and a second slider 25 disposed oppositely; a second spring 26 is arranged between the first slider 24 and the second slider 25, and a tooth groove 27 is arranged on the first slider 24; at most a part of the second slider 25 can be inserted into the first stopper groove 32, and another part is located in the groove. In the above embodiment, the first limit groove 32 of the guide tube 31 needs to be rotated to a position corresponding to the slider assembly, and the slider assembly is inserted into the first limit groove 32, before the slider assembly may be in hard contact with the outer thread of the guide tube 31, which may damage the thread. In this embodiment, a second spring 26 is disposed between the first slider 24 and the second slider 25, and a spline 27 is disposed on the first slider 24; at most one part of the second sliding block 25 can be inserted into the first limiting groove 32, the other part is positioned in the groove, when the groove of the guide pipe 31 does not rotate to the position corresponding to the sliding block assembly, the second sliding block 25 is in elastic contact with the thread, damage to the thread on the outer side of the guide pipe 31 is reduced, after the first limiting groove 32 of the guide pipe 31 rotates to the position corresponding to the sliding block assembly, one part of the second sliding block 25 pops into the first limiting groove 32, and rotation of the guide pipe 31 relative to the supporting seat 1 is prevented.

Furthermore, a guide frame is arranged on the supporting seat 1; the guide frame is provided with a guide part deviating from the top surface of the support seat 1 and a stop block positioned at the top of the guide part; one side of the pedal 21 has a sliding portion protruding toward the guide portion; the sliding part is connected with the guide part in a sliding way.

In this embodiment, the guide portion of the guide frame is slidably connected to the slide portion of the pedal 21, and the stopper at the top of the guide portion restricts the slide portion from sliding between the stopper and the top surface of the support base 1.

In one embodiment of the present application, the second limiting member 4 is disposed on the top of the guide rod 51, and the top of the guide tube 31 is provided with a second limiting groove 37; the second limiting assembly 4 comprises a connecting rod 41, a first limiting rod 42 and a third spring 43; the connecting rod 41 is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rod 51; the first limit rod 42 is connected with the connecting rod 41 in a sliding way and can be inserted into the second limit groove 37 to limit the guide rod 51 to rotate along the guide pipe 31; the two ends of the third spring 43 are respectively connected with the first limiting rod 42 and the connecting rod 41.

In this embodiment, after applying an axially downward force to the limiting rod, the limiting rod and the guide rod 51 slide relatively until the limiting rod is inserted into the second limiting groove 37 at the top of the guide tube 31, so that the guide rod 51 and the guide tube 31 cannot rotate relatively, and at this time, the guide rod 51 can be rotated to drive the guide tube 31 to rotate synchronously, so that the drill barrel 33 rotates synchronously.

In one embodiment of the present application, the openable and closable drill bit 34 is a cone drill bit surrounded by at least two bit housings; the drill bit housing is rotatably connected with the drill barrel 33 so that the drill bit housing can be opened outwards, and preferably, the drill bit housing is connected with the drill barrel 33 through a rotating shaft 35; a reset piece is arranged between the drill bit shell and the drill cylinder 33; the inner side of the drill bit shell is provided with a second limiting rod 36, one end of the second limiting rod 36 is fixedly connected with the drill bit shell, and the other end of the second limiting rod 36 can abut against the outer wall of the sampling cylinder 52 along with the relative rotation of the drill bit shell and the drill cylinder 33 so as to limit the drill bit shell to be opened to a preset angle.

In this embodiment, the drill bit is arranged to surround the casing and can be extended out of the drill barrel 33 with a small opening angle of the drill bit casing. When the drilling barrel 33 starts to drill soil, the soil is in a closed state under the action of the resetting piece; when the soil drilling is carried out, stones in the soil tend to block the drill bit from going downwards, so that the drill bit shell is opened; the second limiting rod 36 can abut against the outer wall of the sampling cylinder 52, so that the opening angle of the drill bit shell is a preset angle. The sampling cylinder 52 extends downwards until the top of the sampling cylinder 52 moves to the lower side of the second limiting rod 36, the second limiting rod 36 abuts against the outer wall of the guide rod 51, and at the moment, the drill bit shell is opened by an angle larger than the preset angle.

In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 4, the cartridge 52 is provided with a ripping tooth 54 at the opposite end to which the guide rod 51 is attached. Further, a filter 53 is disposed at the end of the sampling cylinder 52 opposite to the end connected to the guide rod 51. The ripping teeth 54 can unscrew a part of stones in the soil to the outer side of the sampling cylinder 52, so that the obstruction is reduced; a screen 53 at the bottom of cartridge 52 may filter out a portion of the rocks or debris.

In one embodiment of the present application, guide rod 51 is removably attached to cartridge 52; or, the sampling assembly 5 further comprises a push rod, and the guide rod 51 is provided with a central through hole; the push rod is arranged in the central through hole in a penetrating way, one end of the push rod extends out of the top of the guide rod 51, and the other end of the push rod is provided with a top plate which is connected with the sampling cylinder 52 in a sliding way.

In this embodiment, after the sampling cylinder 52 is inserted into the soil and the sampling is completed, the operator can detach the sampling cylinder 52 from the guide rod 51 to facilitate taking the soil sample out of the sampling cylinder 52; or, the sampling assembly 5 is also internally provided with a central through hole, a push rod is pushed, and the push rod drives a top plate at the bottom to eject the soil in the sampling cylinder 52.

The working process of the soil sampling device of one embodiment of the application is as follows:

in an initial state of the soil sampling device: the first limiting rod 42 on the second limiting component 4 is in a separation state with the second limiting groove 37 at the top of the guide pipe 31; a portion of the second slider 25 is inserted into the first stopper groove 32, so that the guide tube 31 and the support base 1 cannot rotate relatively.

When soil sampling is needed, the soil sampling device is placed on the surface of soil, the pedal 21 is stepped, and the second sliding block 25 slides out of the first limiting groove 32 and enters the groove of the pedal; meanwhile, the first limiting rod 42 on the second limiting component 4 is pressed downwards and inserted into the second limiting groove 37 at the top of the guide pipe 31, so that the guide rod 51 and the guide pipe 31 can rotate synchronously; at this time, the guide rod 51 is rotated downwards, the guide tube 31 rotates downwards along with the guide rod and drives the drill barrel 33 to drill into the soil, and in the process, the second limiting rod 36 on the openable and closable drill bit 34 abuts against the outer wall of the sampling barrel 52, so that the drill bit shell can be opened by a preset angle only.

After a target soil layer is drilled, the pedal 21 in the first limiting component 2 is loosened, the first sliding block 24 in the sliding block component is driven to slide towards the direction close to the guide pipe 31, the second sliding block 25 is abutted against the outer side of the guide pipe 31, the rotating guide rod 51 is adjusted, the first limiting groove 32 on the guide pipe 31 is rotated to the position corresponding to the second sliding block 25, one part of the second sliding block 25 is inserted into the first limiting groove 32 under the action of the first spring 23, and the other part of the second sliding block is positioned in the groove of the pedal 21, so that the guide pipe 31 cannot continuously rotate relative to the supporting seat 1; then, the first limiting rod 42 is loosened to be separated from the second limiting groove 37, so that the guide rod 51 and the guide pipe 31 can rotate relatively; and the guide rod 51 is continuously rotated, the guide rod 51 drives the sampling cylinder 52 to jack the drill bit 34 which can be opened and closed, and the soil is drilled into the soil for sampling, so that the soil of the target soil layer is sampled.

And reversely operating the steps to reset the sampling cylinder 52 and the drill cylinder 33, then separating the soil sampling device from the ground, extending the sampling cylinder 52 out of the drill cylinder 33 again, unloading the filter screen 53, and taking out the soil collected in the sampling cylinder 52 to finish the soil sampling work.

It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like which are made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or the equivalents of such scope and boundary.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device, comprising:

the supporting seat (1) is provided with a soil drilling component mounting hole penetrating through the top surface and the bottom surface of the supporting seat (1);

the earth drilling component (3) penetrates through the earth drilling component mounting hole; the earth drilling component (3) can axially move along the earth drilling component mounting hole and can extend out of the bottom surface of the supporting seat (1);

the sampling assembly (5) is arranged in the soil drilling assembly (3) and can extend out of the bottom of the soil drilling assembly (3);

and the limiting assembly is used for limiting the axial movement of the earth drilling assembly (3) relative to the earth drilling assembly mounting hole and the sampling assembly (5).

2. Soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the soil drilling assembly (3) has a guide tube (31) and a drill barrel (33) in fixed communication with the guide tube (31); the opposite end of the drill cylinder (33) connected with the guide pipe (31) is provided with a drill bit (34) capable of being opened and closed;

the sampling assembly (5) is provided with a guide rod (51) arranged in the guide pipe (31) in a penetrating way, and a sampling cylinder (52) fixedly connected with the guide rod (51).

3. The soil sampling device of claim 2, wherein the guide tube (31) is threadedly coupled to the earth-boring assembly mounting hole, the guide tube (31) being threadedly coupled to the guide rod (51);

the limiting assembly comprises a first limiting assembly (2) for limiting the guide pipe (31) and the earth drilling assembly mounting hole to rotate relatively and a second limiting assembly (4) for limiting the guide rod (51) and the guide pipe (31) to rotate relatively.

4. The soil sampling device of claim 3, wherein the first limiting component (2) is arranged on the supporting seat (1), and a first limiting groove (32) is formed on the outer wall of the guide pipe (31);

the first stop assembly (2) comprises:

the rack (22) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the supporting seat (1), and the rack (22) is consistent with the axial direction of the guide pipe (31);

the pedal (21) comprises a rack sliding hole formed in the bottom surface of the pedal (21) and a groove with an opening facing the guide pipe (31);

the rack (22) penetrates into the rack sliding hole, and at least one part of the rack (22) can extend into the groove;

the sliding block assembly is arranged in the groove and can slide towards the direction of the guide pipe (31) from the groove; one side of the sliding block assembly, which faces the rack (22), is provided with a tooth groove (27), and the tooth top arrangement direction of the tooth groove (27) is consistent with the sliding direction of the sliding block assembly;

a gear (28) mounted on a side wall of the recess; one end of the gear (28) is meshed with the tooth groove (27), and the other end of the gear is meshed with the rack (22);

the first spring (23) is arranged between the pedal (21) and the top surface of the supporting seat (1);

the first limit groove (32) has a first side surface and a second side surface which prevent the slider assembly from moving along the circumferential direction of the guide pipe (31).

5. Soil sampling device according to claim 4, wherein the slide assembly comprises a first slide (24) and a second slide (25) arranged opposite each other;

a second spring (26) is arranged between the first sliding block (24) and the second sliding block (25), and the tooth grooves (27) are arranged on the first sliding block (24);

at most one part of the second sliding block (25) can be inserted into the first limiting groove (32), and the other part is positioned in the groove.

6. Soil sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that the support (1) is provided with a guide;

the guide frame is provided with a guide part deviating from the top surface of the support seat (1) and a stop block positioned at the top of the guide part;

one side of the pedal (21) has a sliding portion protruding toward the guide portion;

the sliding part is connected with the guide part in a sliding mode.

7. A soil sampling device according to claim 3, wherein the second stop assembly (4) is provided at the top of the guide rod (51), the top of the guide tube (31) being provided with a second stop groove (37);

the second limiting component (4) comprises a connecting rod (41), a first limiting rod (42) and a third spring (43); the connecting rod (41) is fixedly connected to the top of the guide rod (51);

the first limiting rod (42) is connected with the connecting rod (51) in a sliding mode and can be inserted into the second limiting groove (37) to limit the guide rod (51) to rotate along the guide pipe (31);

and two ends of the third spring (43) are respectively connected with the first limiting rod (42) and the connecting rod (41).

8. Soil sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the openable drill bit (34) is a cone drill bit surrounded by at least two drill bit housings;

the drill bit shell is rotatably connected with the drill cylinder (33) so that the drill bit shell can be expanded outwards; a reset piece is arranged between the drill bit shell and the drill cylinder (33);

the drill bit shell is inboard to be provided with second gag lever post (36), second gag lever post (36) one end with drill bit shell fixed connection, the other end is along with drill bit shell with the relative rotation of drill barrel (33) can paste and lean on the outer wall of sampling cylinder (52), in order to restrict drill bit shell opens for predetermineeing the angle.

9. Soil sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the opposite end of the cartridge (52) to which the guide rod (51) is connected is provided with a ripping tooth (54).

10. Soil sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the opposite end of the cartridge (52) to which the guide rod (51) is connected is further provided with a sieve (53).