JP3783566B2 - Musical sound data conversion device and musical sound data conversion method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a musical sound data conversion technique capable of adding musical instrument-specific facial expressions to musical sound data.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In an electronic musical instrument or the like, if musical tone data is composed only of musical score information, performance tends to be mechanical. Therefore, for example, a method of incorporating a specific performance method (facial expression processing) depending on the type of musical instrument to be played and reflecting it in the musical sound data has been adopted.
[0003]
FIG. 10A to FIG. 10D show an outline of a musical sound data conversion technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-105173 as an example of a technique for incorporating a performance technique peculiar to musical sound data.
[0004]
FIG. 10A shows an example of musical tone data indicated by actual notes. FIG. 10B is an example expressed as MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) information (note event) based on the pitch information of the note shown in FIG. Specifically, it is a diagram showing the relationship between time and pitch (note number) in a piano scroll type.
[0005]
10 (C) and 10 (D) are diagrams showing an outline of a musical sound data conversion process procedure for expression when the song shown in FIG. 10 (A) is a stringed instrument, for example, a guitar song. is there. When the song shown in FIG. 10A is a song for a stringed instrument, for example, a guitar, it can be seen that the slide performance is performed by the slur symbol S connecting the notes.
[0006]
FIG. 10C and FIG. 10D show a processing procedure for performing processing for converting the pitch data shown in FIG. 10B into pitch data corresponding to the slide performance method.
[0007]
As shown in FIG. 10C, the four pitch data (FIG. 10B) are collected into two pitch information. That is, two adjacent pitch data connected by the slur S are combined into one pitch data having the pitch of the preceding sound. As shown in FIG. 10 (D), pitch bend information is formed so as to express a change in pitch based on the pitch data collected into one. For example, the pitch bend amount is displayed as a function of time in correspondence with FIG. In the figure, the pitch bend amount is changed approximately linearly with respect to time based on the pitch difference between two adjacent notes in the pitch information shown in FIG. 10B and the time. Since the pitch bend amount of the next sound is zero, the pitch bend amount is returned to “0” before the next sound is generated.
[0008]
By using the above musical tone data conversion technique, it is possible to combine two or more adjacent notes into one pitch data and add a facial expression to the performance together with the time change of the pitch bend amount. For example, if the pitch bend amount is changed substantially linearly with respect to time, an expression that simulates a slide performance of a stringed instrument can be performed in an electronic musical instrument.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, since the musical sound data conversion technique as described above includes a process of rapidly bringing the pitch bend amount close to 0 at the final stage, if the musical sound is not completely attenuated, the pitch of the generated sound changes rapidly. To do. This may cause abnormal noise and may make it difficult to hear the performance. If the pitch can be returned to “0” when the pronunciation is completely stopped, the generation of abnormal noise can be prevented, but it is difficult to accurately predict the attenuation of the pronunciation.
[0010]
An object of the present invention is to provide a musical sound data conversion technique capable of preventing the generation of abnormal sounds or the like when a plurality of pitches are put together to express a performance.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to an aspect of the present invention, a musical sound data conversion apparatus includes: a first detection unit that detects a pitch difference between a first note and a second note; and a data table that defines a time change of pitch bend data. Storage means for storing, formation means for forming pitch bend data based on the detected pitch difference and the data table, and second of detecting a section in which the pitch bend amount is a predetermined value or less among the formed pitch bend data. When the section where the pitch bend amount is a predetermined value or less is detected by the detecting means and the second detecting means, the end point of the section is moved to the position on the time axis of the pitch control start point. And, in order to obtain the same pitch change as the formed pitch bend data in the section from the pitch control start point to the end point of the formed pitch bend data, The pitch bend data serial form and a correcting means for correcting by adjusting the generation resolution of pitch bend event.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The inventor collects a plurality of continuous notes including a plurality of notes having different pitches into one pitch data that matches the last pitch among the pitches of the plurality of pitches, Based on this, I came up with the idea to express the performance by forming pitch bend data to express multiple notes including notes with different pitches.
[0015]
When forming the pitch bend data, the pitches of the last note are collected in the initial stage, and the pitch of the desired note is changed by the pitch bend amount. It is possible to easily calculate the desired pitch in combination with the pitch data and the pitch bend data. Thereafter, the pitch bend amount is changed in correspondence with the change in pitch, and finally converges to “0”.
[0016]
If the pitch bend amount is changed to a predetermined value in the initial stage before sounding the actual musical sound (reference sound) and then sounding is performed thereafter, noise during sounding is unlikely to occur. In addition, since the pitch information is gathered so as to coincide with this value based on the pitch data of the last note, the pitch bend amount always converges to “0” in the last stage. Therefore, post-processing for returning the pitch bend amount to “0” is not necessary. This is applicable not only when two sounds are combined into one sound but also when three or more sounds are combined into one sound.
[0017]
A music data conversion technique according to the first embodiment of the present invention based on the above consideration will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing a configuration example of an electronic musical instrument using a musical tone data conversion technique according to this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a musical sound data format used in the performance conversion technique according to this embodiment. FIGS. 3A to 3D are diagrams illustrating an example of a case where two sounds are combined into one sound, according to the musical sound data conversion technique according to the present embodiment. FIG. It is a flowchart figure which shows an outline | summary. 5 (A) to 5 (C) are diagrams showing the time change of the pitch bend amount in various performance methods. 6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating the principle of correcting the resolution of pitch control.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic musical instrument 1 includes a bus 11, a ROM 12, a RAM 13, a CPU 14, a timer 15, an external storage device 16, a detection circuit 17, a controller 18, a display circuit 19, a display 20, a sound source circuit 21, and a sound system. 22, a MIDI interface 23, and a communication interface 25.
[0019]
The electronic musical instrument 1 may be a normal electronic musical instrument, for example, a personal computer.
[0020]
ROM 12, RAM 13, CPU 14, timer 15, external storage device 16, detection circuit 17, display circuit 19, sound source circuit 21, MIDI interface 23, and communication interface 25 are connected to the bus 11.
[0021]
The user can input various settings and other necessary information for changing the music data input and playback mode by using an operator (input means) 18 connected to the detection circuit 17. The operation element 18 may be any one that can output a signal corresponding to a user input, such as a mouse, a keyboard, a keyboard, a joystick, or a switch. A plurality of input means may be connected. When the operator 18 is used, pitch data and slur symbols can be input manually.
[0022]
The display circuit 19 is connected to the display 20 and can display various information on the display 20.
[0023]
The external storage device 16 includes an interface for an external storage device, and is connected to the bus 11 via the interface. The external storage device 16 is, for example, a floppy disk drive (FDD), a hard disk drive (HDD), a magneto-optical disk (MO) drive, a CD-ROM (compact disk-read only memory) drive, a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) drive, or the like. is there. The external storage device 16 can store a plurality of music data, a program for realizing musical sound data conversion according to the present embodiment, and the like.
[0024]
The RAM 13 has a working area for the CPU 14 that stores flags, registers or buffers, music data, and the like. The ROM 12 can store various parameters and control programs, a program for realizing musical sound data conversion according to the present embodiment, and the like. In this case, it is not necessary to store programs or the like in the external storage device 16 in an overlapping manner. The CPU 14 performs calculation or control according to a control program or the like stored in the ROM 12 or the external storage device 16.
[0025]
The timer 15 is connected to the CPU 14 and the bus 11 and instructs the CPU 14 about a basic clock signal, interrupt processing timing, and the like. For example, the timer interrupt processing and various times are counted.
[0026]
The MIDI interface 23 can be connected to an electronic musical instrument, other musical instruments, audio equipment, a computer, etc., and can transmit and receive at least MIDI signals. The MIDI interface 23 is not limited to a dedicated MIDI interface, and may be configured using a general-purpose interface such as RS-232C, USB (Universal Serial Bus), IEEE 1394 (Eye Triple E 1394). In this case, data other than MIDI messages may be transmitted and received simultaneously.
[0027]
Another electronic musical instrument may be connected to the electronic musical instrument 1. Another electronic musical instrument 2 is an acoustic device, a musical instrument, or the like that is connected to the electronic musical instrument 1 through the MIDI interface 23. The form of the electronic musical instrument is not limited to a keyboard musical instrument, and may be a string musical instrument type, a wind instrument type, a percussion instrument type, or the like. In addition, the sound source device, the automatic performance device, etc. are not limited to those built in one electronic musical instrument body, but each is a separate device, and each device is connected using communication means such as MIDI or various networks. There may be.
[0028]
The tone generator circuit 21 generates a musical tone signal in accordance with the supplied MIDI signal and the like and supplies it to the sound system 22. The sound system 22 includes a D / A converter and a speaker, converts a digital musical tone signal supplied to an analog format and generates a sound.
[0029]
The sound source circuit 21 is an analog synthesizer such as a waveform memory system, FM system, physical model system, harmonic synthesis system, formant synthesis system, VCO (Voltage Controlled Oscillator) + VCF (Voltage Controlled Filter) + VCA (Voltage Controlled Amplifier). Any method may be used.
[0030]
Further, the tone generator circuit 21 is not limited to being configured using dedicated hardware, but may be configured using a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) + microprogram, or may be configured using a CPU + software program. Or it can be something like a sound card.
[0031]
Further, a plurality of tone generation channels may be formed by using one tone generator circuit in a time-sharing manner, or a plurality of tone generation circuits may be formed by using one tone generator circuit for each tone generation channel. You may make it comprise.
[0032]
A control program or a program for realizing musical tone data conversion according to this embodiment can be stored in a hard disk (HDD) in the external storage device 16. By reading a control program or the like from the hard disk into the RAM 13, it is possible to cause the CPU 14 to perform the same operation as when the control program or the like is stored in the ROM 12. In this way, it is possible to easily add or upgrade a control program or the like.
[0033]
In addition, a control program or a program for realizing musical sound data conversion according to the present embodiment can be stored in the CD-ROM. A control program, a program for realizing musical sound data conversion according to the present embodiment, and the like can be copied from a CD-ROM to a hard disk. New installation and version upgrade of control programs and the like can be easily performed.
[0034]
The communication interface 25 can be connected to a communication network 3 such as a LAN (local area network), the Internet, a telephone line, etc., and is connected to a server via the communication network 3, an external storage device 16 such as an HDD, or a RAM 13. Inside the server, a control program, a program for realizing musical sound data conversion according to the present embodiment, and the like can be downloaded.
[0035]
In the embodiment of the present invention, the electronic musical instrument includes not only a conventional electronic musical instrument integrated with a performance operator, but also a computer that can execute an automatic performance or a music information editing program, such as a MIDI keyboard. It includes a wide range of devices including those that function as electronic musical instruments, such as those connected with performance operators. A device that substantially functions as an electronic musical instrument may have a musical sound data conversion function, or a new musical sound data conversion for a conventional musical instrument (for example, a natural musical instrument or a combined device of a natural musical instrument and an electronic musical instrument). A function may be added.
[0036]
FIG. 2 shows an example of a format of musical sound data stored in a storage device, for example, the external storage device 16.
[0037]
The musical sound data 31 includes header data 33 and file end data 42 and a first musical sound data group D1 to an nth musical sound data group Dn inserted therebetween (n is an integer of 1 or more).
[0038]
The header data 33 is data stored at the head of the musical sound data, and stores, for example, data such as a song title and an initial tempo. The file end data 42 is data stored at the end of the musical sound data.
[0039]
Each of the first data D1 to the nth data Dn has a data structure in which event data and timing data are alternately arranged. The first data D1 is data including pitch bend data. The event data 34 is arranged at the beginning of the data D1, and includes note-on, note number, and velocity data. The event data 40 is arranged toward the end of the data D1, and includes note-off and note number data.
[0040]
The event data 38-1 to 38-m includes pitch bend data. The event data 38-1 is inserted between the header 33 and the event data 34. Between the event data 34 and the event data 40, m-1 (m is an integer of 2 or more) event data from event data 38-2 to 38-m excluding the event data 38-1 is inserted.
[0041]
The timing data is arranged after the event data 34 and 40 and the event data 38-1 to 38-m. Specifically, the timing data 35 is arranged after the event data 34, and the timing data 41 is arranged after the event data 40. Timing data 39-1 to 39-m are inserted after event data 38-1 to 38-m, respectively.
[0042]
The timing data is data indicating a period from when an event immediately before the timing data is processed to when processing of the event immediately after the timing data is started.
[0043]
The timing data is usually numerical data, and this numerical data is decremented (down-counted) during timer interrupt processing executed by the timer 15 (FIG. 1) in response to a timer interrupt generated every predetermined time. Count value is set.
[0044]
In addition, it may have a data area in which various settings can be made as data exclusive in the musical sound data or separately.
[0045]
In the data structure of the musical sound data shown in FIG. 2, the musical sound data has a data format in which event data and timing data are alternately arranged. However, the data structure is not limited to the above data structure. You may comprise in other formats, such as "data + absolute time data" and "pitch data + note length data".
[0046]
With reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5, a process for combining musical sounds into one sound by the musical sound data conversion technique according to the present embodiment will be described. As an example, a case of processing for converting to musical sound data that imitates a slide performance method, which is one of the processing for adding facial expressions to a performance, will be described. In the following embodiment, a case where two adjacent sounds are merged into one sound will be described as an example.
[0047]
FIG. 3A shows an example of a musical score in which the performance music is indicated by notes. FIG. 3 (B) is a diagram representing musical tone data when the musical note shown in FIG. 3 (A) is input to an electronic musical instrument or the like, from key-on (event) to key-off (event) corresponding to one musical note. A block mark (pitch data) representing the time interval and the pitch (key number) of the note is displayed. Specifically, it is a diagram showing the relationship between time before data conversion processing and pitch. In the musical tone data shown in FIG. 3B, the pitch (note number) for each note is shown.
[0048]
As shown in FIG. 3 (A), a note with a slur symbol S between adjacent notes means a performance method imitating a slide performance method in a stringed instrument. Therefore, a process of converting the musical tone data shown in FIG. 3B into MIDI musical tone data having a slur S is performed by the procedure illustrated in FIGS. 3C and 3D.
[0049]
3 (C) and 3 (D) are diagrams showing an example of a musical sound data conversion processing procedure when the musical note shown in FIG. 3 (A) is a stringed musical instrument, for example, a guitar musical score. 3A to FIG. 3D correspond to FIG. 10A to FIG. 10D, respectively.
[0050]
As shown in FIG. 3A, a slur symbol is added between the first note and the second note, and a slur symbol is also provided between the third note and the fourth note. Is attached.
[0051]
Therefore, the musical tone data shown in FIG. 3 (B) is manually input. Next, as shown in FIG. 3A, an operation of connecting the first and second pitch data and the third and fourth pitch data with a slur is performed.
[0052]
The musical sound data conversion apparatus according to the present embodiment combines the first note and the second note into one, and combines the third note and the fourth note into one. When the first note and the second note are combined into one, and when the third note and the fourth note are combined into one, as shown in FIG. The two pitches combined by the slur S shown in FIG.
[0053]
Next, as shown in FIG. 3D, pitch bend data is formed so as to represent a plurality of notes including notes having different pitches based on the collected pitch data. More specifically, for example, pitch bend data in which the pitch bend amount is temporally changed is formed.
[0054]
As shown in FIG. 3D, first, the pitch bend amount is changed in the initial stage by the difference between the first and last pitches, that is, in accordance with the pitch to be generated. The pitch bend amount converges to “0” at the end.
[0055]
How to change the pitch bend amount with time can be determined by the event data (pitch bend data) and timing data shown in FIG.
[0056]
The time change of the pitch bend amount includes a delay parameter and a resolution. More specifically, it is determined by the data shown in FIG.
[0057]
After the pitch bend event 38-1 is started at the timing (TA), an interval defined by a delay parameter (T-1: from TA to TC) of the timing data 39-1 has elapsed. After that, the note-on event 34 is executed at the timing (TC). After the start of note-on, after the interval specified by the delay parameter (T-2: TC to TB) of the timing data 35 has elapsed, at the end timing (TB) A continuous pitch bend event 38-2 to 38-m starts.
[0058]
In continuous pitch bend events 38-2 to 38-m, a change in which the pitch bend amount converges to “0” starts from timing (TB), and the final pitch bend event 38-m occurs at timing (TD). finish. When the final pitch bend event 38-m ends, the note-off event 40 starts from the timing (T-D) and continues for the interval (T-3) defined by the timing data 41, and at the timing (TE). finish.
[0059]
The set values of these timing data are expressed by the number of clocks and can be arbitrarily set by the user.
[0060]
In the musical tone data conversion technique according to this embodiment, the event data 38-1 is arranged before the event data 34 because the pitch bend changes earlier than the note-on timing.
[0061]
The resolution parameter represents a minimum pitch bend amount that can be set.
[0062]
The above set value represents the pitch bend change timing by the number of clocks, and can be arbitrarily set by the user.
[0063]
The pitch bend data may be determined according to the above procedure.
[0064]
Next, a specific example of data conversion processing of musical sound data will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0065]
As shown in FIG. 4, when an instruction to perform the slide performance is received from the data exclusive in step S1, the process proceeds to step S2.
[0066]
In step S2, the pitch data at the end of the slide performance method (second when combining two sounds) is detected. In step S3, the first pitch data of the slide performance method (first when two sounds are combined) is detected.
[0067]
In step S4, the difference between the last pitch detected in step S2 and the first pitch detected in step S3 is calculated (subtracted).
[0068]
In step S5, a change in time of the pitch control information (pitch bend amount) obtained by the calculation in step S4 is obtained, and based on the change, musical tone generation instruction information that gives an instruction to generate a musical tone (for example, FIG. 3C). And (musical tone data in the format of FIG. 2 representing FIG. 3D). Based on the musical tone generation instruction information, the CPU instructs the tone generator circuit to utter a musical tone.
[0069]
The pitch control information obtained in step S5 is represented, for example, as a time change in the pitch bend amount. The time change of the pitch bend amount is determined as follows in accordance with, for example, a pitch bend curve set as table data.
[0070]
The types of pitch bend curves will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C are examples of pitch bend curves showing the relationship between the elapsed time and the pitch bend amount when the pitch is gradually changed for one integrated pitch.
[0071]
FIG. 5A is a curve showing changes in time and pitch bend amount in the case of a bottleneck performance. Among the slide performance methods, a performance method called a bottle neck slide performance method is a performance method in which the pitch is changed by changing the length of the string. The time change of the pitch bend amount (pitch control information value) is represented by a substantially linear relationship. Therefore, the calculation performed in step S is, for example, a target pitch control value as a difference between the last pitch obtained in step S2 and the first pitch obtained in step S3, and the difference is a starting point for performing pitch control. This is an operation for obtaining the slope of the straight line by dividing by the time from the end point to the end point of the pitch control.
[0072]
FIG. 5B is a curve showing changes in time and pitch bend amount in the case of choking performance. The choking technique is a technique in which the pitch is changed by pulling on the string and changing the tension, so that it becomes difficult to gradually change the pitch as the tension is increased. For example, the amount of change in the pitch bend gradually decreases with time. On the other hand, there is also a performance technique that can be represented by a curve such that the amount of change in the pitch bend gradually increases with time, as in the performance technique shown in FIG. The pitch bend amount may be changed with time according to the curve shown in the figure to be applied among the curves shown in FIG. 5 (A) to FIG. 5 (C).
[0073]
The gradient of the pitch bend amount and its change over time vary depending on which of FIGS. 5A to 5C is selected, but the pitch bend amount finally converges to “0”. The note length is instructed to the tone generator circuit by a tone generation instruction means provided separately. The period during which a musical sound is produced expands and contracts depending on the note length. Specifically, the timing for generating a musical tone starts at timing (TC) as shown in FIG. 3, and after the pitch bend amount finally converges to “0”, the next musical tone is generated. The process ends at the previous timing (TE).
[0074]
The curves shown in FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C may be stored as a table showing the relationship between time and pitch bend amount. The tabulated information may be stored in storage means such as an external storage device or ROM, and read from the storage means as necessary. Note that the curves shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C are examples, and are not limited to the shapes of these curves.
[0075]
The musical sound data conversion process is completed by the above process (step S6).
[0076]
Next, referring to FIG. 6 (A) and FIG. 6 (B), the time variation of the actual pitch bend amount is applied by applying the time variation pattern of the pitch bend amount represented by the curve shown in FIG. 5 (C). A supplementary explanation will be given for preferable processing in the case of obtaining.
[0077]
The curve shown in FIG. 6A is a curve similar to the curve shown in FIG. 5C, and the pitch bend amount changes only below the resolution parameter for pitch control in the initial stage. For example, the first section T1 and the second section T2 in FIG. 6A correspond to sections in which the pitch hardly changes.
[0078]
As described above, when the pitch bend amount is equal to or less than the resolution parameter, it does not appear as a change in the pitch bend amount in the data. Therefore, the change in the pitch appears on the data in the third and subsequent sections T3, resulting in a sense of discomfort as an audible feeling. Since the pitch bend value is the same value (0) in the first interval T1 and the second interval T2, it is possible to detect the corresponding interval by examining the time change of the pitch bend amount.
[0079]
In order to reduce such a sense of incongruity, the following correction process can be performed. FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the relationship between time and pitch bend value when correction is added to FIG.
[0080]
As shown in FIG. 6A, for example, a period that starts from the start point of the first section T1 that is the pitch control start point and ends at the end point of the eighth section T8 that is the end point of the pitch control (when the target pitch width is reached). A. Among these, a period from the third section T3 to the last section T8 where the pitch change can be actually felt is defined as B.
[0081]
As shown in FIG. 6B, the pitch control start point is changed to the start point of the corrected third section T3 ′. A period C that ends from the start point of the corrected first section T1 ′ to the end point of the pitch control (end point of T8 ′) is assumed. Let D be a period from the corrected third section T3 ′ to the corrected final section T8 ′. Here, the relationship of A: B = C: D and A = D is used.
[0082]
The period A is, for example, the time from the time when it is determined that the slide performance is performed to the end of the period during which the slide performance is to be performed. Specifically, it is obtained by accumulating time information of sequence data. The target pitch width can be detected from the musical sound data. In addition, the initial resolution R1 is also determined. Therefore, the time B can be obtained.
[0083]
Time adjustment is performed so that the starting point of the period D is the starting point of the pitch control. By changing the initial set value R1 to the resolution R2 when changing the actual pitch, correction is made so that the pitch bend amount changes in all periods.
[0084]
By performing the above correction process, the curve of the time change of the pitch bend amount shown in FIG. 6B can be obtained, and the sense of discomfort in hearing can be reduced.
[0085]
When the musical sound data conversion technique according to the present embodiment is used, the sound of the last note is gradually reproduced without a time lag from the state in which the musical sound based on the pitch data of the first note of the data collected into one sound is generated. It can be changed to a state of sounding by high data. Therefore, a performance close to the actual slide performance can be realized.
[0086]
In addition, the delay parameter is a negative value, and pitch bend starts earlier than the note-on timing. Since the pitch bend amount is changed to a predetermined value before sounding the actual musical sound (reference sound) and sounding is performed after that, it is difficult for noise to occur during sounding. Furthermore, since the last pitch information before being grouped into one note is used as a reference ("0"), the pitch bend amount is always set to "0" at the last stage. Converge. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform post-processing for returning the pitch bend amount to “0”, and the generation of abnormal noise can be prevented.
[0087]
In the musical sound data conversion technique according to the above embodiment, for example, when an instruction to perform a slide performance is received from data exclusive in step S1 of FIG. 4, the process proceeds to step S2. If slide performance data is detected, the process may proceed to step S2. Of course, if there is any instruction or detection, the process may proceed to step S2.
[0088]
As a method for detecting slide performance data in the musical sound data, for example, if there is a temporally overlapping area of two adjacent sound data in the musical sound data, it is considered that the slide performance data has been detected. You can also. In this case, the adjacent two-tone data in which the temporally overlapping region exists is temporarily converted into two pitch data separated in time as shown in FIG. The musical tone data conversion process shown in FIG. 3C and FIG.
[0089]
In the musical tone data conversion technique according to this embodiment, the example in which the musical tone data shown in FIG. 3B and the slur shown in FIG. For example, the data is input to the musical sound data conversion apparatus in the data form shown in FIGS. 10 (C) and 10 (D). These data are once converted back into the format of FIG. 10 (A) and FIG. 10 (B) (same as FIG. 3 (A) and FIG. 3 (B)), and then as described above, FIG. And the musical tone data conversion may be performed as shown in FIG.
[0090]
Next, a musical sound data conversion technique according to a first modification of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 (A) to 7 (D). This musical sound data conversion technique is a data conversion processing technique for collecting musical sound data of three or more consecutive sounds.
[0091]
FIGS. 7A to 7D correspond to FIGS. 3A to 3D.
[0092]
FIG. 7A is a diagram showing a part of a musical piece including six notes. FIG. 7B is a diagram showing pitch data corresponding to each note in FIG. FIGS. 7C and 7D are diagrams illustrating a data conversion processing procedure for grouping six notes into three consecutive notes combined by a slur.
[0093]
As shown in FIG. 7C, when three consecutive sounds are combined into one, they are combined into one pitch data that matches the pitch of the last note of the three sounds. As shown in FIG. 7D, pitch bend data is formed so as to represent a plurality of notes including notes having different pitches based on a single piece of pitch data. As a specific method for obtaining the pitch bend amount, for example, when three sounds are combined into one sound, for example, every time musical sound information that can be determined as a slide performance is detected, the pitch of the last musical sound (reference sound) is detected. The pitch bend amount corresponding to the difference may be obtained.
[0094]
By using the musical tone data conversion technique according to the first modification of the first embodiment of the present invention, musical tone data including notes of three or more consecutive notes can be integrated into a single tone, and an expression is added to the performance. be able to.
[0095]
With reference to FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C, a musical sound data conversion technique according to a second modification of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0096]
When playing a stringed instrument, it may be affected by frets (protrusions that divide the surface of the bowl-shaped base plate that holds the strings). Among the slide performances, in the case of the bottleneck slide performance, the pitch changes smoothly, but when the influence of fret is taken into consideration, the change in pitch shows a step-like change in semitone units. In order to perform a performance in consideration of the influence of frets, the following data processing may be performed.
[0097]
FIG. 8 (A) is data of pitches of two sounds. Based on the data shown in FIG. 8A, the pitch data is combined into one, and the time change of the bend pitch amount is obtained so that a performance including a plurality of notes is expressed by one pitch data.
[0098]
As shown in FIG. 8 (B), the pitches are matched to the last pitch and combined into one pitch. As shown in FIG. 8C, the pitch bend amount is changed stepwise in units of semitones. In order to obtain the number of steps of the stairs shown in FIG. 8C, first, the pitch difference to be changed between the first and second sounds is obtained, and this is divided by a semitone (100 cents) to obtain the number of steps. Ask.
[0099]
For the length of the time axis in FIG. 8C, refer to, for example, the curve shown in any of FIGS. 5A to 5C or the corresponding table in the region where the pitch bend amount changes. Determined by.
[0100]
As the time change of the pitch, various time change patterns are conceivable as shown in FIGS.
[0101]
With reference to FIG. 9A to FIG. 9C, the time during which each value of the stepped pitch bend amount shown in FIG. 8C is maintained (hereinafter referred to as “the length of the time axis”). ) Will be described. 9 (A) to 9 (C) are diagrams showing musical tone data in the case where the slide performance is applied to two consecutive sounds when influenced by the fret, as a relationship between time and pitch bend amount. .
[0102]
FIG. 9A is a diagram showing the relationship between time and pitch bend amount when referring to the table showing the relationship shown in FIG. 5A for two consecutive sounds. When the bottleneck slide performance is affected by Fred, a period t1 in which the pitch bend amount (first pitch bend amount) of the two consecutive sounds is maintained, and the pitch bend amount (second pitch) of the second tone. 2 (pitch bend amount of 2)) is substantially the same as the period t2.
[0103]
FIG. 9B is a diagram showing the relationship between the time and pitch bend amount when referring to the table representing the relationship shown in FIG. 5B for two consecutive sounds. When the choking performance is influenced by Fred, the period t3 during which the pitch bend amount (first pitch bend amount) of the first two of the two consecutive sounds is maintained is the second pitch bend amount (second pitch). The pitch bend amount) is shorter than the period t4.
[0104]
FIG. 9C is a diagram showing the relationship between time and pitch bend amount when referring to the table showing the relationship shown in FIG. 5C for two consecutive sounds. The period t5 for maintaining the pitch bend amount of the first one of the two sounds is longer than the period t6 for maintaining the pitch bend amount of the last one sound. In the case of three or more sounds, the generation time of each sound is similarly determined.
[0105]
When the tone data conversion technique according to the second modification is used, the temporal change of the pitch bend amount is determined in consideration of the influence of the fret, so that it is possible to add a facial expression when affected by the fret.
[0106]
The musical sound data conversion technique according to each of the above embodiments may be implemented by a commercially available computer or the like in which a corresponding computer program or the like is installed. In that case, a computer program or the like corresponding to the present embodiment may be provided to the user in a state where the computer program or the like is stored in a storage medium that can be read by a computer such as a CD-ROM or a floppy disk.
[0107]
When the general-purpose computer or computer is connected to a communication network such as a LAN, the Internet, or a telephone line, the computer program and various data may be provided to the general-purpose computer or the computer via the communication network. Good.
[0108]
As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated along embodiment, this invention is not restrict | limited to these. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, improvements, combinations, and the like can be made.
[0109]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, when the musical tone data conversion technique of the present invention is used, when musical tone data with continuously changing pitches is integrated into one musical tone data, it is difficult for noise to occur during pronunciation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which a musical sound data conversion technique according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of musical tone data used in the musical tone data conversion technique according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 3A to 3D are principle diagrams for explaining the principle of tone data conversion according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a musical sound data conversion procedure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 5 (A) to 5 (C) are diagrams showing temporal changes in the pitch bend amount included in the musical sound data used in the musical sound data conversion technique according to the first embodiment of the present invention. is there.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a time change of the pitch bend amount, and FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating an example in which a change in the pitch bend amount is small in the first two sections. FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a time change of the pitch bend amount after the relationship shown in FIG. 6A is corrected by changing the resolution.
FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D are principle diagrams for explaining a data conversion technique according to a first modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 8A to 8C are diagrams for explaining a data conversion technique according to a second modification of the first embodiment of the present invention, and consider the influence of frets. FIG. It is a principle figure for demonstrating the data conversion technique in the case of doing.
FIGS. 9A to 9C are diagrams for explaining a data conversion technique according to a second modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
10 (A) to FIG. 10 (D) are principle diagrams for explaining the principle of a conventional data conversion technique.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Automatic performance apparatus, 2 ... Electronic musical instrument, 3 ... Communication network, 11 ... Bus, 12 ... ROM, 13 ... RAM, 14 ... CPU, 15 ... Timer, 16 ... External storage device, 17 ... Detection circuit, 18 ... Operation Child, 19 ... Display circuit, 20 ... Display, 21 ... Sound source circuit, 22 ... Sound system, 23 ... MIDI I / F, 25 ... Communication I / F, 31 ... Music data file, 33 ... Header data, 35, 39, 41 ... Timing data, 34, 38, 40 ... Event data, 42 ... File end data

Claims (3)

First detecting means for detecting a pitch difference between the first note and the second note;
Storage means for storing a data table defining the time change of pitch bend data;
Forming means for forming pitch bend data based on the detected pitch difference and the data table;
A second detecting means for detecting a section in which the pitch bend amount is equal to or less than a predetermined value in the formed pitch bend data;
When the second detecting means detects a section where the pitch bend amount is a predetermined value or less, the end point of the section is moved to a position on the time axis of the pitch control start point, and the pitch Correction that corrects the formed pitch bend data by adjusting the pitch bend event generation resolution so that the same pitch change as the formed pitch bend data can be obtained in the section from the control start point to the end point of the formed pitch bend data. And a musical sound data conversion device. A first detection step of detecting a pitch difference between the first note and the second note;
A forming step for forming pitch bend data based on the detected pitch difference and a data table defining a time change of pitch bend data;
A second detection step of detecting a section in which the pitch bend amount is a predetermined value or less in the formed pitch bend data;
When a section where the pitch bend amount is a predetermined value or less is detected by the second detection step, the end point of the section is moved to a position on the time axis of the pitch control start point, and the pitch Correction that corrects the formed pitch bend data by adjusting the pitch bend event generation resolution so that the same pitch change as the formed pitch bend data can be obtained in the section from the control start point to the end point of the formed pitch bend data. A musical sound data conversion method including a process. A first detection procedure for detecting a pitch difference between the first note and the second note;
A formation procedure for forming pitch bend data based on the detected pitch difference and a data table defining a time change of pitch bend data;
A second detection procedure for detecting a section in which the pitch bend amount is a predetermined value or less from the formed pitch bend data;
When a section having a pitch bend amount equal to or less than a predetermined value is detected by the second detection procedure, the end point of the section is moved to a position on the time axis of the pitch control start point, and the pitch Correction that corrects the formed pitch bend data by adjusting the pitch bend event generation resolution so that the same pitch change as the formed pitch bend data can be obtained in the section from the control start point to the end point of the formed pitch bend data. A program for causing a computer to execute a musical sound data conversion process.

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