JP3781154B2 - Vacuum deposition equipment - Google Patents

Vacuum deposition equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3781154B2
JP3781154B2 JP01790398A JP1790398A JP3781154B2 JP 3781154 B2 JP3781154 B2 JP 3781154B2 JP 01790398 A JP01790398 A JP 01790398A JP 1790398 A JP1790398 A JP 1790398A JP 3781154 B2 JP3781154 B2 JP 3781154B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
crucible
vapor deposition
incident angle
vacuum
deposition
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JP01790398A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH11200021A (en
Inventor
充 ▲高▼井
国博 上田
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TDK Corp
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TDK Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、真空蒸着装置に関しより詳しくは、斜め蒸着式の真空蒸着装置のるつぼ設置位置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
金属薄膜を成膜するために、真空蒸着装置が実用化されている。とくに、金属薄膜型磁気記録媒体(いわゆる蒸着テープ)を製造するために、斜め蒸着式の真空蒸着装置が用いられており、生産に活用されている。最近の記録密度の進歩にともない蒸着テープの需要が増大してきているが、真空中で行うというバッチ式生産のため生産性向上が急務となっている。
【0003】
このような状況のもと、蒸着効率向上について検討がなされている。たとえば、特公昭60−14408号では、蒸発源の蒸着面の中心に立てた法線と円筒状キャンの回転軸を一致せずにずらした状態になるように蒸発源を配することが示されている。しかし、るつぼ位置がほぼ入射角30度の鉛直線下に位置しており、ディジタルビデオ等に求められる電磁変換特性を満足させる高入射角(最小入射角50〜60度)での蒸着では非常に材料効率が悪かった。とくに、るつぼ位置をほぼ入射角30度の鉛直線下に位置し、最小入射角を50度で蒸着した場合には、蒸着材料の有効に使用される蒸着効率は、およそ5%程度であり、残りの95%は廃材として回収されていた。また一番成膜レートが高くなる、るつぼ鉛直線上に入射角制御用のシャッター及びマスクが位置するために、長時間蒸着すると堆積した蒸着材料が再溶解し液化して、るつぼ付近に落下する。このため、るつぼ鉛直線上を覆う様な配置の設備では、長時間の蒸着が困難であった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、高入射角度での蒸着においても、蒸着効率が低下せず、長時間の成膜が可能となる装置を得ることにある。
【0005】
【発明を解決するための手段】
このような課題は、以下の本発明によって達成される。すなわち本発明は、真空容器内で電子銃により発生した電子ビームにより、蒸着るつぼ内の蒸着材料を蒸発させて、これを被蒸着材料に蒸着させる真空蒸着装置において、蒸着材料を収容するるつぼ位置を、所望の最小入射角と最大入射角のほぼ中央鉛直線下に位置するように設置することを特徴とする真空蒸着装置にある。
【0006】
また、蒸着材料を収容するるつぼ位置を、所望の最小入射角と最大入射角のほぼ中央鉛直線下に対して、±20mm以内に設置することによって課題の解決を容易にすることが可能となる。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の具体的構成について、図1の真空蒸着装置を例に用いて詳細に説明する。
【0008】
図1に示される斜め蒸着装置101では、真空槽110中において、排気口108を経て真空ポンプ(図示せず)に接続されて真空状態に保たれ、この真空槽内で長尺フィルム状の非磁性基体102を供給ロール103から繰り出し、回転する冷却ドラム104の表面に添わせて搬送しながら、遮蔽板(マスク)191を用いて蒸着角度を決定し、定置されたるつぼ105中の強磁性金属150表面に電子銃106からの電子ビーム106Bを照射して斜め蒸着を行なうことにより、前記非磁性基体102上に強磁性金属薄膜を形成する。また、金属が溶けるまでの間はシャッター193によって非磁性基体への金属の付着を防止する。このような金属の蒸着に際して、ガス供給装置194から蒸着金属にガスが幅方向に均一となるように供給される。このようにして強磁性金属薄膜が形成された非磁性基体102は、巻き取りロール107に巻き取られる。
【0009】
蒸着材料を収容する、るつぼ位置は、所望の最小入射角と最大入射角のほぼ中央鉛直線下に位置するように設置される。そのとき蒸発源の湯面とドラムの蒸着面との平均距離はほほ一定とする。
【0010】
蒸発源を点として考えられる場合、ある時間内に蒸発した全質量をMとすると蒸発源から距離rだけ離れ蒸発分子の方向と法線がθだけ傾いた面の単位面積に付着する量mは、m=(s×Mcosθ)/4πr2によって求められる。実際には、cosθをcos2θに近似したほうが、実際の蒸発分子の分布を的確に表現していることがよく知られている。この式から蒸発速度は、るつぼ鉛直線上が最も大きく、水平方向に中心からそれるほど、その蒸発速度は小さくなる。
【0011】
本発明により、蒸着材料を収容するるつぼ位置を、所望の最小入射角と最大入射角のほぼ中央鉛直線上に位置するように設置することで、最大蒸発速度である、るつぼ鉛直線上の蒸気を有効に使用し、るつぼから蒸発材料を最も効率よくフィルムに被着させること可能になる。
【0012】
るつぼ位置の上下方向は、なるべく近い方が望ましいが、フィルムに対する熱負荷を防ぐ意味で、最低限200mm以上の距離をとることが望ましい。
【0013】
使用される、るつぼは、固定式でも可動式でも良く、また蒸発材料の金属が溶解した後に、所望の位置に移動させる手段を設けても良い。
【実施例】
以下、本発明の具体的実施例を示し、本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。
【0014】
図1に示される構成の斜め蒸着装置を用いて、厚さ7μmのポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルムからなる非磁性基体102上に、強磁性金属薄膜を形成した。平均の最小入射角θmin.を50度、るつぼの湯面とドラム104の蒸着面の平均距離を約300mm、蒸着部の幅を500mmとした。
【0015】
(実施例1)
まず、真空槽内を排気し、槽内の圧力を10-5Torrに保った。るつぼには、酸化マグネシウム製のものを用い、電子銃のパワーは120kWとした。ガス供給ノズルは幅方向長さで600mmであり、蒸着時に酸素主成分のガスを供給した。また、蒸着時の目標膜厚は200nmとして蒸着を行った。
【0016】
るつぼ位置は、最小入射角50度と最大入射角のほぼ中央鉛直線下を基準とし、そこから電子銃側にXmm移動した場合をプラスXmm、反対方向に移動した場合をマイナスXmmとして表示した。るつぼの湯面150中心とドラム104の最小入射角位置までの距離は約300mm一定になるように保った。
【0017】
【表1】
るつぼ位置による成膜効率

Figure 0003781154
【0018】
最小入射角を50度として成膜した場合、特公昭60−14408号公報に記載されている、るつぼ位置(最小入射角30度の鉛直線下)では、蒸着効率(使用量に対しフィルムに成膜された量の比)が5%であった。
【0019】
これに対し、水平方向に約150mm、上方向に100mm移動させ、最小入射角と最大入射角のほぼ中央鉛直線下に位置させた場合、その時の蒸着効率は、約35%と約7倍に向上した。許容範囲は±20mmであり、この場合には蒸着効率30%と蒸着時間250分が確保できた。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
満足すべき電磁変換特性を得ながら、蒸着効率を大幅に改善することが可能になった。また長時間の磁性膜成膜が可能になった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】蒸着装置を説明するための模式図である。
【図2】本発明と従来技術のるつぼ位置関係を示す図である。
【図3】本発明のるつぼ位置を示す図である。
【図4】従来例のるつぼ位置を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
101 斜め蒸着装置(真空槽)
102 非磁性基体
103 供給ロール
104 冷却ドラム
105 るつぼ
150 溶湯
106 電子銃
106B 電子ビーム
107 巻き取りロール
108 排気口
110 真空槽
191 遮蔽板(マスク)
193 シャッター
194 ガス導入口[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
More particularly, the present invention relates to a crucible installation position of an oblique deposition type vacuum deposition apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to form a metal thin film, a vacuum deposition apparatus has been put into practical use. In particular, in order to manufacture a metal thin film type magnetic recording medium (so-called vapor deposition tape), an oblique vapor deposition type vacuum vapor deposition apparatus is used and utilized in production. With recent advances in recording density, the demand for vapor-deposited tapes has increased, but there is an urgent need to improve productivity due to batch production in vacuum.
[0003]
Under such circumstances, studies have been made on improving the deposition efficiency. For example, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 60-14408 shows that the evaporation source is arranged so that the normal line standing at the center of the evaporation surface of the evaporation source and the rotation axis of the cylindrical can are shifted without matching. ing. However, the position of the crucible is located almost below the vertical line with an incident angle of 30 degrees, and vapor deposition at a high incident angle (minimum incident angle of 50 to 60 degrees) that satisfies the electromagnetic conversion characteristics required for digital video or the like is extremely high. Material efficiency was poor. In particular, when the position of the crucible is located substantially below the vertical line with an incident angle of 30 degrees and the minimum incident angle is 50 degrees, the evaporation efficiency of the vapor deposition material is about 5%. The remaining 95% was recovered as waste material. In addition, since the shutter and mask for controlling the incident angle are positioned on the crucible vertical line where the film formation rate is the highest, when deposited for a long time, the deposited material is re-dissolved and liquefied, and falls near the crucible. For this reason, long-time vapor deposition has been difficult with equipment arranged so as to cover the crucible vertical line.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to obtain an apparatus capable of forming a film for a long time without lowering the vapor deposition efficiency even in vapor deposition at a high incident angle.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Invention]
Such a subject is achieved by the following present invention. That is, the present invention relates to a crucible position for accommodating a vapor deposition material in a vacuum vapor deposition apparatus for evaporating a vapor deposition material in a vapor deposition crucible by an electron beam generated by an electron gun in a vacuum vessel and depositing the vapor deposition material on the vapor deposition material. The vacuum deposition apparatus is characterized in that the vacuum deposition apparatus is installed so as to be positioned substantially below the center vertical line of the desired minimum incident angle and maximum incident angle.
[0006]
In addition, it is possible to easily solve the problem by installing the crucible position for accommodating the vapor deposition material within ± 20 mm with respect to the center vertical line of the desired minimum incident angle and the maximum incident angle. .
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a specific configuration of the present invention will be described in detail using the vacuum deposition apparatus of FIG. 1 as an example.
[0008]
In the oblique vapor deposition apparatus 101 shown in FIG. 1, a vacuum film 110 is connected to a vacuum pump (not shown) through an exhaust port 108 and kept in a vacuum state. While the magnetic substrate 102 is fed from the supply roll 103 and conveyed along the surface of the rotating cooling drum 104, the deposition angle is determined using a shielding plate (mask) 191 and the ferromagnetic metal in the stationary crucible 105 is determined. A ferromagnetic metal thin film is formed on the nonmagnetic substrate 102 by irradiating the surface 150 with the electron beam 106B from the electron gun 106 and performing oblique deposition. Further, the metal is prevented from adhering to the nonmagnetic substrate by the shutter 193 until the metal is melted. When such metal is deposited, gas is supplied from the gas supply device 194 to the deposited metal so as to be uniform in the width direction. The nonmagnetic substrate 102 on which the ferromagnetic metal thin film has been formed in this way is wound up on a winding roll 107.
[0009]
The position of the crucible for containing the vapor deposition material is set so as to be located substantially below the central vertical line of the desired minimum incident angle and maximum incident angle. At that time, the average distance between the hot water surface of the evaporation source and the vapor deposition surface of the drum is substantially constant.
[0010]
When the evaporation source is considered as a point, if the total mass evaporated in a certain time is M, the amount m attached to the unit area of the surface that is separated from the evaporation source by a distance r and whose direction and normal line are inclined by θ is , M = (s × M cos θ) / 4πr 2 . Actually, it is well known that the cos θ is approximated to cos 2 θ to accurately represent the actual distribution of evaporated molecules. From this equation, the evaporation rate is greatest on the crucible vertical line, and the evaporation rate decreases as it deviates from the center in the horizontal direction.
[0011]
According to the present invention, the vapor on the crucible vertical line, which is the maximum evaporation rate, is effective by installing the crucible containing the vapor deposition material so that it is located substantially on the central vertical line of the desired minimum incident angle and maximum incident angle. The evaporation material from the crucible can be applied to the film most efficiently.
[0012]
The vertical direction of the crucible position is desirably as close as possible, but it is desirable to take a distance of at least 200 mm in order to prevent a thermal load on the film.
[0013]
The crucible used may be fixed or movable, and may be provided with means for moving it to a desired position after the metal of the evaporation material is dissolved.
【Example】
Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be shown to describe the present invention in more detail.
[0014]
A ferromagnetic metal thin film was formed on a nonmagnetic substrate 102 made of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film having a thickness of 7 μm using an oblique vapor deposition apparatus having the configuration shown in FIG. Average minimum incident angle θmin. The average distance between the hot water surface of the crucible and the vapor deposition surface of the drum 104 was about 300 mm, and the width of the vapor deposition part was 500 mm.
[0015]
Example 1
First, the inside of the vacuum chamber was evacuated, and the pressure in the chamber was maintained at 10 −5 Torr. The crucible made of magnesium oxide was used, and the power of the electron gun was 120 kW. The gas supply nozzle was 600 mm in length in the width direction, and a gas containing oxygen as a main component was supplied during vapor deposition. Moreover, the target film thickness at the time of vapor deposition was 200 nm, and vapor deposition was performed.
[0016]
The crucible position is displayed as a plus Xmm when moved to the electron gun side by Xmm, and as a minus Xmm when moved in the opposite direction, with the minimum incident angle of 50 degrees and approximately below the central vertical line of the maximum incident angle. The distance from the center of the crucible hot water surface 150 to the minimum incident angle position of the drum 104 was kept constant at about 300 mm.
[0017]
[Table 1]
Deposition efficiency by crucible position
Figure 0003781154
[0018]
When the film is formed with a minimum incident angle of 50 degrees, the deposition efficiency (deposition on the film with respect to the amount used) is performed at the crucible position (under the vertical line with the minimum incident angle of 30 degrees) described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-14408. The ratio of the amount formed was 5%.
[0019]
On the other hand, when it is moved about 150 mm in the horizontal direction and 100 mm in the upward direction and is positioned almost below the central vertical line of the minimum incident angle and the maximum incident angle, the deposition efficiency at that time is about 35%, which is about 7 times. Improved. The allowable range is ± 20 mm, and in this case, it was possible to secure a deposition efficiency of 30% and a deposition time of 250 minutes.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
Deposition efficiency can be greatly improved while obtaining satisfactory electromagnetic conversion characteristics. In addition, the magnetic film can be formed for a long time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a vapor deposition apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a crucible positional relationship between the present invention and the prior art.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a crucible position according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a crucible position in a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
101 Diagonal evaporation system (vacuum tank)
102 Non-magnetic substrate 103 Supply roll 104 Cooling drum 105 Crucible 150 Molten metal 106 Electron gun 106B Electron beam 107 Winding roll 108 Exhaust port 110 Vacuum chamber 191 Shielding plate (mask)
193 Shutter 194 Gas inlet

Claims (1)

真空容器内において電子銃により発生した電子ビームにより蒸着るつぼ内の蒸着材料を蒸発させ、該蒸着材料を被蒸着材料に蒸着させる真空蒸着装置であって、るつぼの位置冷却ドラム表面における蒸着角度が最小入射角で蒸着される位置の鉛直線下と最大入射角で蒸着される位置の鉛直線下の間であって、それらの鉛直線の中央に位置するように設置することを特徴とする真空蒸着装置。In the vacuum vessel to evaporate deposition material in the vapor deposition crucible by electron beam generated by an electron gun, a the vapor deposition material to a vacuum deposition apparatus for depositing in the deposited material, deposition angle position of the crucible in a cooling drum surface A vacuum characterized by being installed between the vertical line at the position where the vapor is deposited at the minimum incident angle and the vertical line at the position where the vapor is deposited at the maximum incident angle, and is located at the center of those vertical lines. Vapor deposition equipment.
JP01790398A 1998-01-13 1998-01-13 Vacuum deposition equipment Expired - Lifetime JP3781154B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11200021A JPH11200021A (en) 1999-07-27
JP3781154B2 true JP3781154B2 (en) 2006-05-31

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Country Status (1)

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