JP3770502B2 - Bearing rings for compressors using refrigeration oil as lubricant - Google Patents

Bearing rings for compressors using refrigeration oil as lubricant Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3770502B2
JP3770502B2 JP19999895A JP19999895A JP3770502B2 JP 3770502 B2 JP3770502 B2 JP 3770502B2 JP 19999895 A JP19999895 A JP 19999895A JP 19999895 A JP19999895 A JP 19999895A JP 3770502 B2 JP3770502 B2 JP 3770502B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
depth
outermost surface
bearing
compressors
lubricant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP19999895A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH0942293A (en
Inventor
和夫 内田
紘造 橋本
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JTEKT Corp
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JTEKT Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to JP19999895A priority Critical patent/JP3770502B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する分野】
本発明は、冷凍機油を潤滑油とする圧縮機用軸受の軌道輪に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術と発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来より、厳しい潤滑条件にて使用される軸受がある。例えば、カーエアコンのコンプレッサ用の軸受では、冷凍機油を潤滑油として用いており、潤滑油そのものの油膜形成能力が極めて低い。このため、転動体と軌道輪との間で金属接触が起こり、これらの一方又は双方に摩耗が生じやすい。
【0003】
そこで、転動体と軌道輪との間の接触面圧を緩和させたり、表面粗さを小さくすることが試みられている(例えば、実開昭63−78177号公報参照)が、摩耗低減が不十分であった。
一方、斜板式ピストンを持つ圧縮機では、シャフトの軸方向に振動が生じ、これに起因した軸方向のガタにより騒音が発生していた。そこで、これを防止するべく、シャフトの軸方向の支持剛性を向上させるために、上記シャフトを支持したスラストころ軸受に対して、組み込み状態で軸方向に予圧を負荷する構造が採用されている。しかし、スラストころ軸受のころや軌道輪に摩耗が生じると、上記の予圧がなくなり、騒音が発生してしまうという問題があった。
【0004】
このような問題を解決するため、軌道輪の表面に、独立した微小なくぼみ(平均面積が35〜150μm2 であるもの)を無数にランダムに設け、軌道輪の表面での油膜形成率を向上させることが提案されている(特開平3−172608号公報参照)。
しかしながら、上記独立したくぼみの平均面積を調整する必要があり、表面の加工が非常に困難であった。
【0005】
本発明は上記課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、摩耗し難く且つ加工の簡単な、冷凍機油を潤滑油とする圧縮機用用軸受の軌道輪を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するため、請求項1に係る発明は、ランダムな凹凸形状を有する表面を有し、最表面からの深さを、最大深さ位置までの距離に対して百分率表示で示した表面粗さの負荷曲線において、上記最表面を深さ0%とし最大深さ位置を100%に対応させたときに深さ20%の位置にあり且つ最表面に平行な平面で切り取られる凸部の断面積の総和であって初期なじみが済んだ状態の凸部の断面積の総和に相当する総和が、深さ20%の位置にあり且つ最表面に平行な上記平面全体の面積の70%以上90%以下であることを特徴とするものである。
【0007】
一般に、転動や摺動に関する面では、初期なじみによって、最表面から20%程度の深さ位置までが削り取られてなくなる。このように初期なじみが済んだ状態で、70%以上という高い面積占有率を持つ凸部の表面が、相手方に対して接触することになる。その結果、面圧を下げられる。また、高い面積占有率を持つ凸部の表面と相手方との間に形成される、境界潤滑的な油膜によって、金属接触を回避することができる。
【0008】
さらに、従来のように独立した凹部の平均面積を調整するような必要がないので、表面の加工が簡単である。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下実施形態を添付図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。
本発明の実施形態に係る転動・摺動部品は、その表面全体にランダムな凹凸部を無数に形成している。図1は、凸部3を、最表面1から所定深さの位置にある平面2で切断し、平面2より上方にある部分を取り去った状態を示す斜視図であり、平面2において凸部3は、独立した島のようになっている。また、図2は、凸部3に関連した、表面粗さの指標となる負荷曲線図である。
【0010】
上記負荷曲線図において、縦軸は、最表面1からの深さを、最表面1から最大深さ位置までの距離に対して百分率表示したものである。0%の深さが最表面に対応し、100%の深さが最大深さ位置に対応している。
一方、横軸は、縦軸に示す深さ位置において、図1に示すように、最表面1に平行な平面2で切り取られる凸部3の断面積の総和、上記平面2全体の面積に対する割合を、百分率表示したものである。すなわち、横軸は、上記切り取られた凸部3の面積占有率を示している。
【0011】
図2を参照して、本実施形態の特徴とするところは、20%の深さ位置において、凸部3の面積占有率を70%以上としたことである。
本実施形態によれば、下記の理由で、摩耗の低減に多大な効果を発揮する。すなわち、転動や摺動に関する面では、初期なじみによって、最表面1から20%程度の深さ位置までが削り取られてなくなる。このように初期なじみが済んだ状態で、70%以上という高い面積占有率を持つ凸部3の表面が、相手方に対して接触することになる。その結果、接触部分の面圧を下げられることが、摩耗を低減できる理由の一つである。
【0012】
また、初期なじみが済んだ段階で、高い面積占有率を持つ凸部3の表面と相手方との間に、境界潤滑的な油膜を形成することができ、金属接触を回避することができることが、摩耗低減のもう一つの理由である。
また、本実施形態では、従来の特開平3−172608号公報のもののように独立した凹部の平均面積を調整するような必要がないので、表面の加工が簡単である。
試験
1)試験対象
図3に示すような、内輪4,外輪5、円筒ころ6及び保持器7を有するスラストころ軸受Aにおいて、内、外輪4,5の表面状態が下記のものを試験対象とした。
【0013】
試験例1:20%の深さ位置にて凸部3の面積占有率が70%であり、図2において実線で示す。
試験例2:20%の深さ位置にて凸部の面積占有率が90%であり、図2において一点鎖線で示す。
比較例1:20%の深さ位置にて凸部の面積占有率が40%であり、図2において一点鎖線で示す。
【0014】
比較例2:20%の深さ位置にて凸部の面積占有率が10%未満であり、図2において破線で示す。
2)試験装置
図4に示す試験装置8を用いた。この試験装置8は、斜板圧縮機に対応するモデルであり、試験対象のスラストころ軸受Aは、斜板ピストン9の近傍位置にてシャフト10を軸方向に受ける。図4において、11はシャフトの両端を径方向に支持する転がり軸受である。
3)試験条件
モーメント荷重(M) :26.5KN・cm
回転数 :700rpm
潤滑油 :希釈冷凍機油(PAG系)
負荷回転数 :17×105
4)試験結果
試験結果に関しては、内輪4、外輪5及び円筒ころ6の総摩耗量の、ころ径に対する割合を百分率表示し、この割合が0.3%以下であれば良好とし、0.3%を超える場合は不良とした。その結果、試験例1及び2は、良であったが、比較例1及び2に関しては、不良となった。これにより、本実施形態の特徴が、摩耗の低減に関して多大な効果を有していることが実証された。
【0016】
【発明の効果】
請求項1に係る発明によれば、初期なじみが得られた状態で、広い面積占有率を持つ凸部の表面を、相手方に接触させることができる。したがって、面圧を小さくできると共に、境界潤滑化の達成によって金属接触を回避できる結果、摩耗を大幅に減少させることができる。しかも、従来のように独立した凹部の平均面積を調整する必要がなく、表面の加工が簡単である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態としての転動・摺動部品の表面の凸部を、最表面に平行な面で切り取った状態を示す模式的斜視図である。
【図2】最表面からの深さと、凸部の面積占有率との関係を示すグラフ図である。
【図3】試験対象のスラストころ軸受の要部の断面図である。
【図4】試験装置をモデル化して示した模式図である。
【符号の説明】
1 最表面
2 平面
3 凸部
4 内輪
5 外輪
6 円筒ころ
7 スラストころ軸受
[0001]
[Field of the Invention]
The present invention relates to a raceway of a bearing for a compressor of a refrigerating machine oil and lubricating oil.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, there are bearings used under severe lubrication conditions. For example, in a bearing for a compressor of a car air conditioner, refrigerating machine oil is used as a lubricating oil, and the oil film forming ability of the lubricating oil itself is extremely low. For this reason, metal contact occurs between the rolling elements and the races, and wear of one or both of these tends to occur.
[0003]
Therefore, attempts have been made to reduce the contact surface pressure between the rolling elements and the raceway or to reduce the surface roughness (see, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-78177), but the wear reduction is not satisfactory. It was enough.
On the other hand, in a compressor having a swash plate type piston, vibration occurs in the axial direction of the shaft, and noise is generated due to axial backlash caused by the vibration. In order to prevent this, in order to improve the support rigidity in the axial direction of the shaft, a structure in which a preload is applied in the axial direction in the assembled state is adopted for the thrust roller bearing supporting the shaft. However, when wear occurs on the roller or the race of the thrust roller bearing, there is a problem in that the above preload is lost and noise is generated.
[0004]
In order to solve such problems, the surface of the bearing ring is randomly provided with innumerable independent dents (having an average area of 35 to 150 μm 2 ) to improve the oil film formation rate on the surface of the bearing ring. Has been proposed (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-172608).
However, it is necessary to adjust the average area of the independent depressions, and the surface processing is very difficult.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a bearing ring for a compressor bearing that uses refrigeration oil as a lubricating oil , which is difficult to wear and easy to process.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 has a surface having a random uneven shape, and shows the depth from the outermost surface in percentage display with respect to the distance to the maximum depth position. In the roughness load curve, when the outermost surface is 0% deep and the maximum depth position corresponds to 100%, the convex portion is located at a depth of 20% and is cut by a plane parallel to the outermost surface. 70% of the total area of the plane that is 20% deep and parallel to the outermost surface. It is characterized by being 90% or less.
[0007]
Generally, in terms of rolling and sliding, the initial position is not scraped off to a depth of about 20% from the outermost surface. Thus, the surface of the convex part with a high area occupancy of 70% or more comes into contact with the other party after the initial familiarity. As a result, the surface pressure can be lowered. Moreover, metal contact can be avoided by the boundary lubrication oil film formed between the surface of the convex portion having a high area occupancy and the counterpart.
[0008]
Furthermore, since it is not necessary to adjust the average area of the independent recesses as in the prior art, the surface processing is simple.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The rolling / sliding component according to the embodiment of the present invention has an infinite number of random uneven portions on the entire surface. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which the convex portion 3 is cut by a plane 2 located at a predetermined depth from the outermost surface 1 and a portion above the plane 2 is removed. Is like an independent island. FIG. 2 is a load curve diagram related to the convex portion 3 and serving as an index of surface roughness.
[0010]
In the load curve diagram, the vertical axis indicates the depth from the outermost surface 1 as a percentage with respect to the distance from the outermost surface 1 to the maximum depth position. A depth of 0% corresponds to the outermost surface, and a depth of 100% corresponds to the maximum depth position.
On the other hand, the horizontal axis represents the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the convex portions 3 cut out by the plane 2 parallel to the outermost surface 1 at the depth position indicated by the vertical axis with respect to the area of the entire plane 2 as shown in FIG. The percentage is expressed as a percentage. That is, the horizontal axis indicates the area occupancy rate of the cut-out convex portion 3.
[0011]
With reference to FIG. 2, the feature of this embodiment is that the area occupancy rate of the convex portion 3 is 70% or more at a depth position of 20%.
According to the present embodiment, a great effect is exhibited in reducing wear for the following reasons. In other words, in terms of rolling and sliding, the depth of about 20% from the outermost surface 1 is not scraped off due to initial familiarity. Thus, the surface of the convex part 3 having a high area occupancy of 70% or more comes into contact with the other party in the state where the initial familiarity has been completed. As a result, reducing the surface pressure of the contact portion is one of the reasons why wear can be reduced.
[0012]
In addition, at the stage where initial familiarity has been completed, a boundary lubrication oil film can be formed between the surface of the convex portion 3 having a high area occupancy and the counterpart, and metal contact can be avoided. This is another reason for wear reduction.
Further, in the present embodiment, it is not necessary to adjust the average area of the independent recesses as in the conventional Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-172608, so that the surface processing is simple.
Test 1) Test object In the thrust roller bearing A having the inner ring 4, the outer ring 5, the cylindrical roller 6 and the cage 7, as shown in FIG. did.
[0013]
Test Example 1: The area occupation ratio of the convex portion 3 is 70% at a depth position of 20%, which is indicated by a solid line in FIG.
Test Example 2: The area occupancy ratio of the convex portion is 90% at a depth position of 20%, which is indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
Comparative Example 1: The area occupation ratio of the convex portion is 40% at a depth position of 20%, which is indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
[0014]
Comparative Example 2: The area occupancy of the convex portion is less than 10% at a depth position of 20%, which is indicated by a broken line in FIG.
2) Test apparatus The test apparatus 8 shown in FIG. 4 was used. This test apparatus 8 is a model corresponding to a swash plate compressor, and the thrust roller bearing A to be tested receives the shaft 10 in the axial direction at a position near the swash plate piston 9. In FIG. 4, 11 is a rolling bearing that supports both ends of the shaft in the radial direction.
3) Test condition moment load (M): 26.5 KN · cm
Rotation speed: 700rpm
Lubricating oil: Diluted refrigeration oil (PAG type)
Load rotation speed: 17 × 10 5
4) Test results Regarding the test results, the ratio of the total wear amount of the inner ring 4, the outer ring 5 and the cylindrical roller 6 to the roller diameter is displayed as a percentage, and if this ratio is 0.3% or less, it is considered good. When it exceeded%, it was regarded as defective. As a result, Test Examples 1 and 2 were good, but Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were poor. Thereby, it was proved that the feature of the present embodiment has a great effect on the reduction of wear.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 1, the surface of the convex part with a wide area occupation rate can be made to contact the other party in the state in which the initial familiarity was obtained. Therefore, the contact pressure can be reduced, and metal contact can be avoided by achieving boundary lubrication, so that wear can be greatly reduced. Moreover, it is not necessary to adjust the average area of the independent recesses as in the prior art, and the surface processing is simple.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which convex portions on the surface of a rolling / sliding component according to an embodiment of the present invention are cut off by a plane parallel to the outermost surface.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the depth from the outermost surface and the area occupancy of the protrusions.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a thrust roller bearing to be tested.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a model of a test apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outermost surface 2 Plane 3 Convex part 4 Inner ring 5 Outer ring 6 Cylindrical roller 7 Thrust roller bearing

Claims (1)

ランダムな凹凸形状を有する表面を有し、最表面からの深さを、最大深さ位置までの距離に対して百分率表示で示した表面粗さの負荷曲線において、上記最表面を深さ0%とし最大深さ位置を100%に対応させたときに
深さ20%の位置にあり且つ最表面に平行な平面で切り取られる凸部の断面積の総和であって初期なじみが済んだ状態の凸部の断面積の総和に相当する総和が、深さ20%の位置にあり且つ最表面に平行な上記平面全体の面積の70%以上90%以下であることを特徴とする、冷凍機油を潤滑油とする圧縮機用軸受の軌道輪。
In the surface roughness load curve, which has a surface having a random uneven shape, and the depth from the outermost surface is expressed as a percentage with respect to the distance to the maximum depth position, the outermost surface has a depth of 0%. When the maximum depth position is set to 100% ,
The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the convex portions cut at a plane parallel to the outermost surface at a depth of 20% and corresponding to the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the convex portions in the initial familiar state is the depth. A bearing ring for a compressor bearing using a refrigerating machine oil as a lubricating oil, wherein the bearing ring is located at a position of 20% and is 70% or more and 90% or less of the entire area of the plane parallel to the outermost surface.
JP19999895A 1995-08-04 1995-08-04 Bearing rings for compressors using refrigeration oil as lubricant Expired - Fee Related JP3770502B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19999895A JP3770502B2 (en) 1995-08-04 1995-08-04 Bearing rings for compressors using refrigeration oil as lubricant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19999895A JP3770502B2 (en) 1995-08-04 1995-08-04 Bearing rings for compressors using refrigeration oil as lubricant

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JPH0942293A JPH0942293A (en) 1997-02-10
JP3770502B2 true JP3770502B2 (en) 2006-04-26

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JP4830309B2 (en) * 2004-02-20 2011-12-07 日本精工株式会社 Rolling and sliding parts
JP4755067B2 (en) * 2006-10-31 2011-08-24 株式会社オティックス Valve lifter

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