JP3767012B2

JP3767012B2 - Water heater

Info

Publication number: JP3767012B2
Application number: JP12421796A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 寛明米久保; 清隆宮嵜; 裕文河島; 則和山田; 昌彦山本
Original assignee: Panasonic Corp; Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Corp; Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 1996-05-20
Filing date: 1996-05-20
Publication date: 2006-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2016-05-20
Also published as: JPH09303862A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、瞬間式給湯機の給湯開始時に早く湯を供給することのできる給湯装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来この種の給湯装置には、図４に示すようなものがあった（例えば特公平４−９９７２号公報）。
【０００３】
同図において１は瞬間給湯機であり、給湯口２と瞬間給湯機１は給湯管３で結ばれている。給湯口２の手前には給湯弁４が設けられており、給湯管３の給湯弁４の上流側から排水管５が分岐しており、この排水管５には排水弁６が設けられている。また、排水管５の給湯管３からの分岐部には温度検出部７が設けられていて、温度設定器８の設定温度とこの温度検出部７の温度を比較して給湯制御部９が給湯弁４と排水弁６を制御している。
【０００４】
そして、給湯要求時に温度検出部７により検出された湯水の温度が温度設定器８の設定温度の許容範囲の場合、給湯弁４を開き給湯口２に給湯配管３内の湯水を供給するとともに、許容範囲外の場合、排水弁６を開き給湯管３内の湯水を排水管５を経て排水口から捨て、常に許容範囲内の温度の湯水を給湯口２から供給するというものである。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら上記したような従来の給湯装置では、給湯弁４、排水管５、排水弁６、温度検出部７などを現場で配管工事や配線工事を行って取り付ける必要があり、設置が大変であるとともに、通常の給湯装置では必要ない給湯弁４、排水管５、排水弁６、温度検出部７等の部材を必要とするという課題があった。
【０００６】
また、出湯要求時に湯水の温度が許容範囲外の場合、排水弁６を開き給湯管３内の湯水を排水口から捨てる動作をするため、給湯口２から湯が供給される迄の時間は大幅に改善されないという課題を有していた。
【０００７】
本発明は上記した課題を解決するものであり、給湯装置自身の改善により、給湯の開始時に早く湯を供給できる給湯装置を提供するものである。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願発明は上記した課題を解決するものであり、給水管と給湯管が接続された熱交換器と、前記熱交換器を加熱する加熱手段と、前記加熱手段の加熱能力を調節する加熱能力調節手段と、前記熱交換器からの出湯温度を検出する出湯温度検出器と、出湯温度を設定する出湯温度設定手段と、前記熱交換器への水の流動を検出する流量検出手段と、水の流動を前記流量検出手段で検出し前記出湯温度検出器と前記出湯温度設定手段の温度を比較して前記加熱能力調節手段を制御するとともに、前記流量検出手段で水の流動を検出していない時は水の流動時とは異なった条件で前記加熱能力調節手段を制御して熱交換器を加熱する停止時制御部を有した制御器を備えて構成し、給湯の停止時に熱交換器への水の流動が停止していることを流量検出手段で検出して、給湯の行われている時と異なった条件で加熱能力調節手段を制御して熱交換器を加熱することにより、給湯の停止時に熱交換器が冷却されることを防止し、再給湯時に熱交換器内の保有水を加熱する時間を節約して、給湯装置本体だけで端末への湯の供給を早く行えるようにしているものである。
【０００９】
また、制御器の停止時制御部は、加熱能力調節手段にて水の流動していない時の加熱手段の最大加熱量を、水の流動時の最大加熱量よりも低く押さえることにより、水が流動していないことによる出湯温度検出器への温度の伝達遅れや、特に出湯温度検出器が熱交換器の上部よりも下方に位置する場合に発生する熱交換器上部と出湯温度検出器の温度差が大きくなる現象や伝達遅れに対応して、的確に熱交換器を加熱するとともに異常加熱や局部沸騰を防止するものである。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の第１の発明における給湯装置は、給水管と給湯管が接続された熱交換器と、前記熱交換器を加熱する加熱手段と、前記加熱手段の加熱能力を調節する加熱能力調節手段と、前記熱交換器からの出湯温度を検出する出湯温度検出器と、出湯温度を設定する出湯温度設定手段と、前記熱交換器への水の流動を検出する流量検出手段と、水の流動を前記流量検出手段で検出し前記出湯温度検出器と前記出湯温度設定手段の温度を比較して前記加熱能力調節手段を制御するとともに、前記流量検出手段で水の流動を検出していない時は水の流動時とは異なった条件で前記加熱能力調節手段を制御して前記熱交換器を加熱する停止時制御部を有した制御器を備えて構成するものである。そして、給湯の停止時に熱交換器への水の流動が停止していることを流量検出手段で検出して、給湯の行われている時と異なった条件で加熱能力調節手段を制御して熱交換器を加熱することにより、給湯の停止時に熱交換器が冷却されることを防止し、再給湯時に熱交換器内の保有水を加熱する時間を節約して、給湯装置本体だけで給湯時の端末における湯の供給を早く行えるようにしているものである。
【００１１】
また、制御器の停止時制御部は、加熱能力調節手段にて水の流動していない時の加熱手段の最大加熱量を、水の流動時の最大加熱量よりも低く押さえて構成するものである。そして、水の流動している時よりも負荷の小さい、水の流動していない時の熱交換器への加熱量の最大値を低く押さえることにより、水が流動していないことによる出湯温度検出器への温度の伝達遅れや、特に出湯温度検出器が熱交換器の上部よりも下方に位置する場合に発生する熱交換器上部と出湯温度検出器の温度差が大きくなる現象や伝達遅れに対応して、的確に熱交換器を加熱するとともに異常加熱や局部沸騰を防止するものである。
【００１２】
また、本発明の第２の発明における給湯装置は、制御器の停止時制御部は加熱能力調節手段にて水の流動していない時の出湯温度検出器で検出される温度を、出湯温度設定手段
で設定された温度よりも低く制御して構成するものである。そして、水が流動していないことによる出湯温度検出器への温度の伝達遅れに対応し、異常加熱や局部沸騰を防止し、熱交換器全体の平均温度が設定値を大きく越えることの防止を行うものである。
【００１３】
また、本発明の第３の発明における給湯装置は、制御器の停止時制御部は、加熱能力調節手段にて水の流動していない時の出湯温度検出器で検出される温度を出湯温度設定手段で設定された温度と相関を持たせて制御するものである。そして、出湯温度の設定値が高い時は高く、低いときは低く設定し、再出湯時に給湯管から極力設定温度に近い温度の湯を供給するものである。
【００１４】
また、本発明の第４の発明における給湯装置は、制御器の停止時制御部は、加熱能力調節手段にて水の流動していない時の加熱手段による熱交換器の加熱を所定時間内にとどめて制御するものである。そして、万が一、出湯温度検出器の故障やスケール付着等による検出誤差が生じても、所定時間が経過したら加熱を止め異常加熱や局部沸騰を防止し、二重安全化を図っているものである。
【００１５】
また、本発明の第５の発明における給湯装置は、制御器の停止時制御部は、水の流動していない時に出湯温度検出器で検出される温度が下限値以下に下がったら、加熱能力調節手段にて加熱手段による熱交換器の加熱を開始し、上限値以上に上がったら、加熱能力調節手段にて加熱手段による熱交換器の加熱を停止するものである。そして、流量検出手段で水の流動を検出している時の出湯温度設定器と出湯温度検出器の温度を比較して一定に制御する方法ではなく、上限値、下限値内で制御する方法をとることにより、負荷が小さい場合や加熱手段の加熱能力の下限値を下回った場合のオン・オフ制御を可能とし、水の流動が停止していて熱交換器内の温度と出湯温度検出器で検出される温度に差があっても、熱交換器を異常加熱することを防止するものである。
【００１６】
また、本発明の第６の発明における給湯装置は、制御器の停止時制御部は、出湯温度検出器で検出される温度が所定値を越えるときの温度変化勾配により加熱能力調節手段にて、加熱手段の加熱量を調節して構成するものである。そして、水の流動が停止していて熱交換器の温度と出湯温度検出器で検出される温度が異なる条件下で、外気温度や給湯停止後の経過時間等による負荷の相違に対応し、加熱量を的確に調節し異常加熱や局部沸騰を防止しつつ、熱交換器を有効に加熱し得るものである。
【００１７】
また、本発明の第７の発明における給湯装置は、熱交換器へ流動する水の温度を検出する水温検出器を備え、この水温検出器で検出される温度を停止時制御部の制御に利用して構成するものである。そして、水温を水の流動が停止している時の制御に利用することにより、熱交換器の配設状態による給湯の停止時に逆向きの自然対流の発生や、水温検出器の方が相対的に出湯温度検出器よりも的確に熱交換器の状態を表す場合に、水温検出器で検出される温度を制御に利用し、より正確な加熱制御を可能としているものである。
【００１８】
また、本発明の第８の発明における給湯装置は、熱交換器を迂回し給水管と給湯管を連絡するバイパス管と、熱交換器からの湯とバイパス管からの水の混合比を調節する湯水混合手段と、混合水の温度を検出する混合水温検出器を備え、この混合水温検出器で検出される温度を停止時制御部の制御に利用して構成するものである。そして、混合水温検出器の温度を停止時制御部の制御に利用することにより、湯と水が混合したあとの給湯端末に至る給湯管の温度の状態を的確に把握し、熱交換器の加熱量を調節し、より的確な温度に熱交換器を加熱するものである。
【００１９】
また、本発明の第９の発明における給湯装置は、熱交換器を迂回し給水管と給湯管を連絡するバイパス管と、熱交換器からの湯とバイパス管からの水の混合比を調節するとと
もに給湯の停止時には経路を全開とする湯水混合手段を備えて構成するものである。そして、熱交換器から給湯管と給水管とバイパス管を介して循環回路を構成し、給湯の停止中に自然対流を促進させ、給湯装置本体内の滞留水の温度を万遍なく均一にして、再給湯時の温度の立ち上がりを早めているものである。
【００２０】
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。
【００２１】
図１は本発明の一実施例における給湯装置の系統図である。図１において、熱交換器１０には、給水管１１と給湯管１２が接続されている。給水管１１には、熱交換器１０への水の流入を検出する流量検出手段である水量検出器１３、水温を検出する水温検出器１４、また異常に熱交換器１０の温度が上昇した場合の安全装置としてハイリミットスイッチ１５が設けられている。
【００２２】
熱交換器１０を迂回し給水管１１と給湯管１２を連絡するバイパス管１６が設けられ、このバイパス管１６には、熱交換器１０からの湯とバイパス管１６からの水の混合比を調節する湯水混合手段として水比例弁１７が設けられている。この水比例弁１７は、ソレノイドへの電流の調節によって水圧に対してバランスを取った弁がバイパス管１６の開度を調節し、通過する水量を調節する形式のもので、給湯の停止時は電流の停止により全開状態で保持されているものである。
【００２３】
給湯管１２には出湯温度検出器１８が設けられ、また、バイパス管１６の合流点以降に水量制御弁１９、混合水温検出器２０が設けられている。給湯管１２は更に給湯装置本体２１外の給湯配管２２を経て端末に設けた湯水混合栓２３、２４に接続されている。
【００２４】
端末側には給湯装置本体２１のリモコン２５が設けられている。このリモコンはワイヤレス型であり、電源イッチ２６、給湯温度のアップスイッチ２７、ダウンスイッチ２８、表示部２９の他、湯水混合栓２３や２４が使用されていない時に、使用されて熱交換器１０に水が流れている状態と異なった条件での制御を選択する加熱スイッチ３０が設けられている。本体側の制御器３１には、商用電源３２からの電力が供給され、受信器３３で受けたリモコン２５の信号や各種センサーの信号が取り込まれ、また各種アクチュエータへの信号や操作出力が出力されている。そして、制御器３１にはボリュームで構成された出湯温度設定器３４や停止時制御部３５が設けられている。
【００２５】
熱交換器１０は、加熱手段であるガスバーナ３６で加熱され、このガスバーナ３６へのガス量を調節する加熱能力調節手段としてガス比例弁３７が設けられている。ガスのオン、オフは加熱能力調節手段の一部を構成する元電磁弁３８により行われ、また燃焼前後や燃焼中においては送風ファン３９から風が送られる。
【００２６】
次にこの実施例の動作を説明する。動作については、図２のフローチャートにその要部を示している。
【００２７】
リモコン２５の電源スイッチ２６がオン操作され、加熱スイッチ３０がオン操作されていると、給湯の停止時において熱交換器１０を加熱できるモードに入る。水量検出器１３で検出される水の流量が所定値（例えば１リットル／min）を
越えると、端末の湯水混合栓が開けられたと判断して通常の給湯モードに入り、リモコンのアップスイッチ２７、ダウンスイッチ２８を操作して設定された設定温度の湯を供給するべく、混合水温検出器２０の混合水温度と設定温度が比較される。また、出湯温度検出器１８で検出される出湯温度と出湯温度設定器３４の温度が比較され、水温検出器１４の水温と水量検出器１３の値が取り込まれ、水比例弁１７と水量制御弁１９、ガス比例弁３７が調節され、所望の温度の湯が給湯配管２２から供給される。
【００２８】
水量検出器１３で検出される水の流量が所定値（例えば１リットル／min）以
下の場合は、給湯停止時の熱交換器１０への加熱モードが可能となる。出湯温度検出器１８、水温検出器１４、混合水温検出器２０で検出される温度がいずれも所定値を下回ると、給湯装置全体が冷えていると停止時制御部３５が判断して加熱モードを進める。
【００２９】
出湯温度検出器１８と比較される所定温度は、出湯温度設定器３４の設定値から１０℃を引いた値に設定されている。水温検出器１４と比較される所定温度は４０℃に設定されている。また、混合水温検出器２０と比較される所定温度は、リモコン２５で設定された混合湯温から５℃を引いた値に設定されている。各温度検出器で検出される温度がこれらの所定値をいずれも下回ったら次のステップに進む。
【００３０】
なお、これは一例であり、他の方法としては出湯温度検出器１８のみの値を使用する方法や、出湯温度検出器１８と他の一つを使用する方法、また温度も固定値を用いる方法等各種の方法がある。
【００３１】
各温度検出器で検出される温度が所定値をいずれも下回ったら、次は給湯条件を読み込む。この給湯条件は、前回給湯を行った時のメモリーされた条件とその後変更があった場合は現在の設定条件も読み込む。これは、給湯温度が何度であるかを判断し、温度を補正するためであり、設定温度が高い場合は高めに、低い場合は低めになるように熱交換器を加熱する。そして、再出湯時に給湯管１２から極力設定温度に近い温度の湯を供給する。
【００３２】
そして、送風ファン３９を回転させ残ったガスの排出を行い、元電磁弁３８を開け、ガス比例弁３７の開度を点火し易い開度１の状態にまで開けて点火を行う。この開度１の状態は、通常の給湯を行っている時のガス比例弁３７の全開開度に比べ小さく設定されており、水の流動が停止している状態で過度に熱交換器１０を加熱してしまわないように工夫されている。
【００３３】
次にガス比例弁３７の開度を開度２の状態にまで絞る。この開度は、通常の給湯が行われている状態での最小の開度に相当しており、この最小開度で加熱しても負荷が小さいため、熱交換器１０の温度は、次第に上昇して行く。
【００３４】
なお、給湯装置として最少加熱量が極めて低く取れる場合は、出湯温度検出器１８で検出される温度を一定に保つ方法も可能である。
【００３５】
この後の制御は、一番代表的な出湯温度検出器１８の温度を例として図３に示すようにようになっている。出湯温度は出湯温度設定器３４で６５℃（＝ＴO）
に設定されているものとする。従って加熱の開始を判断する所定値Ｔ1は、Ｔ1＝６５℃−１０℃＝５５℃である。そしてＴ２＝６５℃−８℃＝５７℃、Ｔ３＝６５℃−７℃＝５８℃、Ｔ４＝６５℃−３℃＝６２℃と各温度が相関をもって設定されている。
【００３６】
ガスバーナ３６の燃焼停止を判断する温度は、この場合、出湯温度検出器１８では６２℃となっている。出湯温度検出器１８で検出される温度がＴ２からＴ３を経過する時間を見て温度の変化勾配を演算し、後のガス比例弁３７の開度を調節し加熱量を制御している。これは、外気温度や給湯停止後の経過時間等による負荷の相違に対応し、特にあまりに大きな温度変化がある場合は、後のオーバーシュートが懸念されるため、燃焼量を絞る制御を行い、異常な部分的加熱や局部沸騰を防止し、比較的均一に熱交換器１０全体を加熱するためである。また、同様な判断を水温検出器の信号でも行っており、安全側の値をとって全体の制御条件を決めている。
【００３７】
なお、この勾配の見方は、この例では温度優先で行っているが、時間優先で行ってもよい。
【００３８】
なぜ水温検出器１４の温度が上がるかについては、バイパス管１６に設けられた水比例弁１７は、給湯を行っていないときは電流を流さずに弁は全開となっているため、熱交換器１０、給湯管１２、バイパス管１６、給水管１１間に加熱、冷却に伴い循環回路が形成され、これらの循環回路が部分部分で温度の高低は無論あるものの、全体に温度上昇したり下降したりする現象を呈する。このため、水温検出器１４や混合水温検出器２０の温度も計測して制御に役立てることにより、きめ細かな加熱が可能となるものである。また、この図１の循環回路は、熱交換器１０が上部にあるため、熱交換器１０部分に高い温度の湯が溜まり易いが、熱交換器１０の冷えた湯がバイパス管１６の右側最低部まで自然に下降できるように、熱交換器１０、給湯管１２、バイパス管１６、給水管１１の形状や位置関係を工夫して循環しやすいように設定されている。
【００３９】
また、水比例弁１７が全開となっていることにより、万が一故障により、熱交換器１０内に高温の湯が溜まっていても、再給湯時に水の割合が大きくなるため安全である。
【００４０】
さて、加熱開始時と異なり、加熱停止時の判定は出湯温度検出器１８と、水温検出器１４の信号だけを利用して行っている。これは、混合水温検出器の設置位置上、信号はあまり当てにならないからであり、主として給湯が行われたあとの加熱条件の判定上、加熱制御に入る時だけの制御に利用している。
【００４１】
また、ガスバーナ３６による熱交換器１０の加熱は、最長加熱時間を決められている。この最長加熱時間は、給湯の停止時制御においてガスバーナ３６が最大加熱量で燃焼したとしても、ハイリミット１５が作動しない時間に定められている。この最長加熱時間を定めることにより、万が一、出湯温度検出器１８が故障したり、長期間の使用によってスケール等が付着して検出温度が低めになっても、時間管理で加熱和停止することにより、二重に安全化が図れているものである。出湯温度検出器１８で検出される温度、水温検出器１４で検出される温度、最長加熱時間が経過のいずれの一条件かが成立すると、安全のため加熱は停止される。この停止に当たっては、元電磁弁３８が閉じられ、さらに送風ファン３９が排気ガスを完全に排出するまで回り続け、そして停止される。
【００４２】
以上のような動作により、一般の家庭用の給湯装置を想定すると、従来の給湯装置では配管長が５ｍ程度のシステムで、端末の蛇口をひねってから約１５秒位かかって湯が供給されることが普通であったものが、５秒程度に短縮可能である。
【００４３】
従来の給湯装置は、保有水量等に起因する給湯装置自身の立ち上がりの時間が１０秒程度、また１／２インチの銅配管を使用している場合を想定すると、５ｍ程度の配管長の場合保有水量は９００ｃｃ程であり、この保有水量を押し出す時間が５秒程度かかっていたが、給湯装置自身の立ち上がりの時間が短縮できるため、配管の滞留水の押し出し時間だけで済む結果となる。
【００４４】
上記実施例では加熱手段として、ガスバーナ３６による加熱を例にとったが、石油のバーナや電気的に加熱する手段であってもよい。
【００４５】
また、加熱能力調節手段としてガス比例弁３７と元電磁弁３８を例にとったが、これら以外のガス量調節手段であったり、各加熱手段に対応した各種の加熱能力調節手段であってもよい。
【００４６】
また、出湯温度設定手段としては、制御器に設けたボリュームで出湯温度が調節できる
出湯温度設定器３４を例にとったが、制御器のマイコンに予め設定温度が書き込んであったり、リモコンで温度設定ができるものであってもよい。
【００４７】
また、流量検出手段は、水流を直接検出する水量検出器１３を例にとったが、給湯の開始、停止の操作スイッチと連動する間接的なものや、直接的なものと間接的なものの複合する形式であってもよい。また、上記実施例ではバイパス管１６を有し、熱交換器１０から供給される湯とバイパス管１６からの水を水比例弁１７で調節してリモコン２５で設定した温度の湯を得る給湯装置を例にとったが、バイパス管や水比例弁を有しない給湯装置であってもよい。この場合、出湯温度設定手段の設定値は、リモコンで設定される給湯温度の設定値に一致してくる。
【００４８】
また、湯水混合手段として水側だけを調節する水比例弁１７を例にとったが、湯側、水側を双方調節するものや、モータで駆動するの、またワックスサーモや形状記憶合金等を利用したものや、これらと電気的制御との組合せ等であってもよい。
【００４９】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明の給湯装置によれば次のような効果が得られる。
【００５０】
（１）給湯の停止時に熱交換器への水の流動が停止していることを流量検出手段で検出して、給湯の行われている時と異なった条件で加熱能力調節手段を制御して熱交換器を加熱することにより、給湯の停止時に熱交換器が冷却されることを防止し、再給湯時に熱交換器内の保有水を加熱する時間を節約して、給湯装置本体だけで給湯時の端末における湯の供給を早く行うことができる。また、水の流動していない時の加熱手段の最大加熱量を水の流動時の最大加熱量よりも低く押さえることにより、水が流動していない時の出湯温度検出器への温度の伝達遅れや、特に出湯温度検出器が熱交換器の上部よりも下方に位置する場合に発生する熱交換器上部と出湯温度検出器の温度差が大きくなる現象や伝達遅れに対応して、異常加熱や局部沸騰を防止することができる。
【００５１】
（２）加熱能力調節手段にて水の流動していない時の出湯温度検出器で検出される温度を出湯温度設定手段で設定された温度よりも低く制御することにより、水が流動していないことによる出湯温度検出器への温度の伝達遅れに対応し、熱交換器全体の平均温度が設定値を大きく越えることの防止が図れる。
【００５２】
（３）水の流動していない時の出湯温度検出器で検出される温度を出湯温度設定手段で設定された温度と相関を持たせて制御することにより、出湯温度の設定値が高い時は高く、低いときは低く設定し、再出湯時に給湯管から極力設定温度に近い温度の湯を供給することが可能となる。
【００５３】
（４）加熱能力調節手段にて水の流動していない時の加熱手段による熱交換器の加熱を所定時間内にとどめて制御することにより、万が一、出湯温度検出器の故障やスケール付着等による検出誤差が生じても、所定時間が経過したら加熱を止め異常加熱や局部沸騰を防止し、二重安全化が図れる。
【００５４】
（５）水の流動していない時に出湯温度検出器で検出される温度が下限値以下に下がったら、加熱能力調節手段にて加熱手段による熱交換器の加熱を開始し、上限値以上に上がったら、加熱能力調節手段にて加熱手段による熱交換器の加熱を停止することにより、負荷が小さい場合や加熱手段の加熱能力の下限値を下回った場合のオン・オフ制御を可能とし、水の流動が停止していて熱交換器内の温度と出湯温度検出器で検出される温度に差があっても、熱交換器を異常加熱することを防止するものである。
【００５５】
（６）出湯温度検出器で検出される温度が所定値を越えるときの温度変化勾配により加熱能力調節手段にて、加熱手段の加熱量を調節することにより、水の流動が停止していて熱交換器の温度と出湯温度検出器で検出される温度が異なる条件下で、外気温度や給湯停止後の経過時間等による負荷の相違に対応し、加熱量を的確に調節し異常加熱や局部沸騰を防止しつつ、熱交換器を有効に加熱し得るものである。
【００５６】
（７）熱交換器へ流動する水の温度を検出する水温検出器を備え、この水温検出器で検出される温度を停止時制御部の制御に利用することにより、熱交換器の配設状態による給湯の停止時に逆向きの自然対流の発生や、水温検出器の方が相対的に出湯温度検出器のよりも的確に熱交換器の状態を表す場合に、水温検出器で検出される温度を制御に利用し、より正確な加熱制御が可能となる。
【００５７】
（８）熱交換器からの湯とバイパス管からの水の混合比を調節する湯水混合手段と、混合水の温度を検出する混合水温検出器を備え、この混合水温検出器で検出される温度を停止時制御部の制御に利用することにより、湯と水が混合したあとの給湯端末に至る給湯管の温度の状態を的確に把握し、熱交換器の加熱量を調節し、より的確な温度に熱交換器を加熱できる。
【００５８】
（９）熱交換器からの湯とバイパス管からの水の混合比を調節するとともに給湯の停止時には経路を全開とする湯水混合手段を備えることにより、熱交換器から給湯管と給水管とバイパス管を介して循環回路を構成し、給湯の停止中に自然対流を促進させ、給湯装置本体内の対流水の温度を万遍なく均一にして、再給湯時の温度の立ち上がりを早くすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施例における給湯装置の系統図
【図２】同給湯装置の要部動作のフローチャート
【図３】同給湯装置の要部動作の説明図
【図４】従来の給湯装置の系統図
【符号の説明】
１０熱交換器
１１給水管
１２給湯管
１３水量検出器（流量検出手段）
１４水温検出器
１６バイパス管
１７水比例弁（湯水混合手段）
１８出湯温度検出器
２０混合水温検出器
３４出湯温度設定器（出湯温度設定手段）
３５停止時制御部
３６ガスバーナ（加熱手段）
３７ガス比例弁（加熱能力調節手段）
３８元電磁弁（加熱能力調節手段）[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention relates to a hot water supply apparatus that can supply hot water quickly at the start of hot water supply of an instantaneous water heater.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  Conventionally, there has been a hot water supply apparatus of this type as shown in FIG. 4 (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-9972).
[0003]
  In the figure, 1 is an instantaneous water heater, and the hot water inlet 2 and the instantaneous water heater 1 are connected by a hot water pipe 3. A hot water supply valve 4 is provided in front of the hot water supply port 2, a drain pipe 5 is branched from the upstream side of the hot water supply valve 4 of the hot water supply pipe 3, and a drain valve 6 is provided in the drain pipe 5. . Further, a temperature detection unit 7 is provided at a branch portion of the drain pipe 5 from the hot water supply pipe 3, and the hot water supply control unit 9 compares the set temperature of the temperature setting device 8 with the temperature of the temperature detection unit 7. The valve 4 and the drain valve 6 are controlled.
[0004]
    And when the temperature of the hot water detected by the temperature detection part 7 at the time of a hot-water supply request | requirement is the tolerance | permissible_range of the setting temperature of the temperature setting device 8, while opening the hot water supply valve 4 and supplying the hot water in the hot water supply pipe 3 to the hot water supply port 2, When it is outside the allowable range, the drain valve 6 is opened and hot water in the hot water supply pipe 3 is thrown away from the drain through the drain pipe 5 and hot water having a temperature within the allowable range is always supplied from the hot water supply 2.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  However, in the conventional hot water supply apparatus as described above, it is necessary to install the hot water supply valve 4, the drain pipe 5, the drain valve 6, the temperature detection unit 7, etc. by performing piping work and wiring work on site, and the installation is difficult. However, there is a problem that members such as a hot water supply valve 4, a drain pipe 5, a drain valve 6, a temperature detection unit 7 and the like which are not necessary in a normal hot water supply apparatus are required.
[0006]
  In addition, when the temperature of hot water is outside the allowable range at the time of requesting hot water, the drain valve 6 is opened and the hot water in the hot water supply pipe 3 is thrown away from the drain, so the time until hot water is supplied from the hot water outlet 2 is greatly increased. It had a problem that it was not improved.
[0007]
  This invention solves the above-mentioned subject, and provides the hot water supply apparatus which can supply hot water early at the time of the start of hot water supply by improvement of hot water supply apparatus itself.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, a heat exchanger in which a water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe are connected, a heating means for heating the heat exchanger, and a heating capacity adjustment for adjusting the heating capacity of the heating means. Means, tapping temperature detector for detecting tapping temperature from the heat exchanger, tapping temperature setting means for setting tapping temperature, flow rate detecting means for detecting flow of water to the heat exchanger, water When the flow rate is detected by the flow rate detection means and the heating capacity adjusting means is controlled by comparing the temperature of the hot water temperature detector and the hot water temperature setting means, and the flow rate of the water is not detected by the flow rate detection means Comprises a controller having a control unit at the time of stopping the heat exchanger by controlling the heating capacity adjusting means under conditions different from those at the time of water flow, and supplying the heat exchanger to the heat exchanger when the hot water supply is stopped Flow rate detection that water flow has stopped The heat exchanger is heated by stopping the hot water supply by controlling the heating capacity adjustment means under different conditions from when the hot water supply is being detected. This saves the time for heating the water held in the heat exchanger during re-heating, so that hot water can be quickly supplied to the terminal only by the main body of the hot water supply device.
[0009]
    In addition, the controller when the controller is stopped is used for heating when water is not flowing by the heating capacity adjusting means. By keeping the maximum heating amount of the means lower than the maximum heating amount at the time of water flow, the temperature transmission delay to the hot water temperature detector due to the absence of water flow, especially the hot water temperature detector is heat exchange In response to the phenomenon and the transmission delay that the temperature difference between the upper part of the heat exchanger and the tapping temperature detector that occurs when it is located below the upper part of the heat exchanger, It prevents boiling.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  A hot water supply apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a heat exchanger in which a water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe are connected, a heating means for heating the heat exchanger, and a heating capacity adjusting means for adjusting the heating capacity of the heating means. A tapping temperature detector for detecting tapping temperature from the heat exchanger, tapping temperature setting means for setting tapping temperature, flow rate detecting means for detecting flow of water to the heat exchanger, flow of water Is detected by the flow rate detecting means, and the heating capacity adjusting means is controlled by comparing the temperature of the tapping temperature detector and the tapping temperature setting means, and when the flow of water is not detected by the flow rate detecting means. The controller includes a controller having a stop time control unit that heats the heat exchanger by controlling the heating capacity adjusting means under conditions different from those during the flow of water. Then, the flow rate detecting means detects that the flow of water to the heat exchanger has stopped when hot water supply is stopped, and the heating capacity adjusting means is controlled under different conditions from when hot water is being supplied. Heating the exchanger prevents the heat exchanger from being cooled when hot water is stopped, saves the time to heat the water held in the heat exchanger when reheating hot water, This makes it possible to quickly supply hot water at the terminal.
[0011]
    The controller at the time of stop of the controller is configured to suppress the maximum heating amount of the heating means when water is not flowing by the heating capacity adjusting means to be lower than the maximum heating amount at the time of water flow. is there. And by detecting the maximum amount of heat to the heat exchanger when the water is not flowing, the load is smaller than when the water is flowing, the tapping temperature detection due to the fact that the water is not flowing The temperature difference between the heat exchanger top and the tapping temperature detector that occurs when the tapping temperature detector is located below the top of the heat exchanger. Correspondingly, the heat exchanger is accurately heated and abnormal heating and local boiling are prevented.
[0012]
  In addition, the present inventionSecondIn the hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention, the controller at the time of stopping the controller uses the heating capacity adjusting means to detect the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector when water is not flowing, and the tapping temperature setting means
The temperature is controlled to be lower than the temperature set in. In addition, it responds to delays in temperature transfer to the tapping temperature detector due to the fact that water is not flowing, prevents abnormal heating and local boiling, and prevents the average temperature of the entire heat exchanger from greatly exceeding the set value. Is what you do.
[0013]
  In addition, the present inventionThirdIn the hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention, the controller when the controller is stopped is configured so that the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector when water is not flowing by the heating capacity adjusting means is the temperature set by the tapping temperature setting means. Control is performed with correlation. When the set value of the hot water temperature is high, the hot water temperature is set high, and when the set value is low, the hot water temperature is set low.
[0014]
  In addition, the present invention4thIn the hot water supply apparatus according to the invention, the controller when the controller is stopped controls the heating of the heat exchanger by the heating means when the water is not flowing by the heating capacity adjusting means within a predetermined time. . In the unlikely event that a detection error occurs due to a malfunction of the tapping temperature detector, scale adhesion, or the like, the heating is stopped after a predetermined time has elapsed to prevent abnormal heating or local boiling, thereby achieving double safety. .
[0015]
  In addition, the present invention5thIn the hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention, when the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector falls below the lower limit value when the water is not flowing, the controller when the controller is stopped is heated by the heating means by the heating capacity adjusting means. Heating of the exchanger is started, and when the temperature exceeds the upper limit value, heating of the heat exchanger by the heating means is stopped by the heating capacity adjusting means. And the method of controlling within the upper limit value and the lower limit value, not the method of comparing and controlling the temperature of the tapping temperature setting device and the tapping temperature detector when the flow of water is detected by the flow rate detecting means. This enables on / off control when the load is small or when the heating means falls below the lower limit of the heating capacity, and the water flow is stopped and the temperature in the heat exchanger and the tapping temperature detector Even if there is a difference in the detected temperature, the heat exchanger is prevented from being abnormally heated.
[0016]
  In addition, the present invention6thIn the hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention, the controller when the controller is stopped adjusts the heating amount of the heating means by the heating capacity adjusting means according to the temperature change gradient when the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector exceeds a predetermined value. Is configured. Then, under the condition that the flow of water is stopped and the temperature of the heat exchanger and the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector are different, heating is handled according to the difference in load due to the outside air temperature or the elapsed time after the hot water supply is stopped. The heat exchanger can be effectively heated while properly adjusting the amount to prevent abnormal heating and local boiling.
[0017]
  In addition, the present invention7thThe hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention includes a water temperature detector that detects the temperature of the water flowing to the heat exchanger, and is configured to use the temperature detected by the water temperature detector for the control of the stop time control unit. . And by using the water temperature for control when the flow of water is stopped, the occurrence of reverse natural convection at the time of hot water supply stoppage due to the arrangement of the heat exchanger, the water temperature detector is relatively When the state of the heat exchanger is more accurately represented than the tapping temperature detector, the temperature detected by the water temperature detector is used for control, and more accurate heating control is possible.
[0018]
  In addition, the present invention8thThe hot water supply apparatus according to the invention includes a bypass pipe that bypasses the heat exchanger and connects the hot water pipe and the hot water pipe, hot water mixing means that adjusts a mixing ratio of hot water from the heat exchanger and water from the bypass pipe, and mixed water The mixed water temperature detector for detecting the temperature is used, and the temperature detected by the mixed water temperature detector is used for the control of the stop time control unit. And by using the temperature of the mixed water temperature detector for the control of the controller at the time of stoppage, the state of the temperature of the hot water supply pipe leading to the hot water supply terminal after the hot water and water are mixed is accurately grasped, and the heating of the heat exchanger The amount is adjusted to heat the heat exchanger to a more accurate temperature.
[0019]
    In addition, the present invention9thThe hot water supply apparatus in the invention of the present invention has a bypass pipe that bypasses the heat exchanger and connects the hot water pipe and the hot water pipe, and adjusts the mixing ratio of hot water from the heat exchanger and water from the bypass pipe.
In addition, it comprises hot water mixing means for fully opening the path when hot water supply is stopped. Then, a circulation circuit is constructed from the heat exchanger through the hot water supply pipe, the water supply pipe, and the bypass pipe, and natural convection is promoted while hot water is stopped, so that the temperature of the accumulated water in the hot water supply apparatus body is made uniform. The temperature rise at the time of re-heating is accelerated.
[0020]
  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0021]
  FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a hot water supply apparatus in one embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a water supply pipe 11 and a hot water supply pipe 12 are connected to the heat exchanger 10. When the temperature of the heat exchanger 10 rises abnormally, the water quantity detector 13 which is a flow rate detection means for detecting the inflow of water into the heat exchanger 10, the water temperature detector 14 which detects the water temperature, and the water supply pipe 11 A high limit switch 15 is provided as a safety device.
[0022]
  A bypass pipe 16 that bypasses the heat exchanger 10 and connects the water supply pipe 11 and the hot water supply pipe 12 is provided. The bypass pipe 16 adjusts the mixing ratio of hot water from the heat exchanger 10 and water from the bypass pipe 16. A water proportional valve 17 is provided as a hot water mixing means. This water proportional valve 17 is of a type in which a valve balanced with respect to water pressure by adjusting the current to the solenoid adjusts the opening of the bypass pipe 16 and adjusts the amount of water passing therethrough. It is held in a fully open state by stopping the current.
[0023]
  The hot water supply pipe 12 is provided with a hot water temperature detector 18, and a water amount control valve 19 and a mixed water temperature detector 20 are provided after the junction of the bypass pipe 16. The hot water supply pipe 12 is further connected to hot and cold mixing plugs 23 and 24 provided at the terminal through a hot water supply pipe 22 outside the hot water supply apparatus main body 21.
[0024]
  A remote controller 25 for the hot water supply device main body 21 is provided on the terminal side. This remote control is a wireless type, and is used when the hot water mixing plugs 23 and 24 are not used in addition to the power switch 26, the hot water temperature up switch 27, the down switch 28, the display unit 29, and the heat exchanger 10. A heating switch 30 is provided for selecting control under conditions different from the state in which water is flowing. The controller 31 on the main body side is supplied with electric power from the commercial power supply 32, takes in signals from the remote controller 25 and various sensors received by the receiver 33, and outputs signals and operation outputs to various actuators. ing. The controller 31 is provided with a tapping temperature setting device 34 and a stop-time control unit 35 that are configured by a volume.
[0025]
  The heat exchanger 10 is heated by a gas burner 36 which is a heating means, and a gas proportional valve 37 is provided as a heating capacity adjusting means for adjusting the amount of gas to the gas burner 36. The gas is turned on and off by an original electromagnetic valve 38 that constitutes a part of the heating capacity adjusting means, and air is sent from the blower fan 39 before and after combustion and during combustion.
[0026]
  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. The main part of the operation is shown in the flowchart of FIG.
[0027]
  When the power switch 26 of the remote controller 25 is turned on and the heating switch 30 is turned on, the heat exchanger 10 enters a mode in which the heat exchanger 10 can be heated when hot water supply is stopped. The flow rate of water detected by the water amount detector 13 is a predetermined value (for example, 1 liter / min).
If it exceeds, it is judged that the hot and cold water mixing tap of the terminal has been opened and enters the normal hot water supply mode, and the mixed water temperature detection is performed so as to supply hot water at the set temperature set by operating the up switch 27 and down switch 28 of the remote controller. The mixed water temperature of the vessel 20 is compared with the set temperature. Further, the hot water temperature detected by the hot water temperature detector 18 and the temperature of the hot water temperature setting device 34 are compared, the water temperature of the water temperature detector 14 and the value of the water amount detector 13 are taken in, and the water proportional valve 17 and the water amount control valve are taken. 19, the gas proportional valve 37 is adjusted, and hot water having a desired temperature is supplied from the hot water supply pipe 22.
[0028]
  The flow rate of water detected by the water detector 13 is less than a predetermined value (for example, 1 liter / min).
In the lower case, the heating mode for the heat exchanger 10 when hot water supply is stopped is possible. When the temperatures detected by the hot water temperature detector 18, the water temperature detector 14, and the mixed water temperature detector 20 are all below a predetermined value, the control unit 35 at the time of stoppage determines that the entire hot water supply device is cold, and sets the heating mode. Proceed.
[0029]
  The predetermined temperature to be compared with the tapping temperature detector 18 is set to a value obtained by subtracting 10 ° C. from the setting value of the tapping temperature setting device 34. The predetermined temperature compared with the water temperature detector 14 is set to 40 ° C. The predetermined temperature compared with the mixed water temperature detector 20 is set to a value obtained by subtracting 5 ° C. from the mixed hot water temperature set by the remote controller 25. When the temperature detected by each temperature detector falls below these predetermined values, the process proceeds to the next step.
[0030]
  This is an example, and other methods include a method using only the hot water temperature detector 18, a method using the hot water temperature detector 18 and another one, and a method using a fixed value for the temperature. There are various methods.
[0031]
  When the temperature detected by each temperature detector is below a predetermined value, the hot water supply condition is read next. As for the hot water supply condition, the stored condition at the time of the previous hot water supply and the current set condition are read when there is a change thereafter. This is to determine how many times the hot water supply temperature is, and to correct the temperature. When the set temperature is high, the heat exchanger is heated so as to be higher and lower when the set temperature is lower. Then, hot water having a temperature as close as possible to the set temperature is supplied from the hot water supply pipe 12 at the time of re-heating.
[0032]
  Then, the blower fan 39 is rotated to discharge the remaining gas, the original electromagnetic valve 38 is opened, and the opening of the gas proportional valve 37 is opened to a state where the opening is easy to ignite, and ignition is performed. The state of the opening degree 1 is set smaller than the fully opened opening degree of the gas proportional valve 37 during normal hot water supply, and the heat exchanger 10 is excessively operated in a state where the flow of water is stopped. It is devised not to heat it.
[0033]
  Next, the opening of the gas proportional valve 37 is reduced to the state of the opening 2. This opening degree corresponds to the minimum opening degree in a state where normal hot water supply is being performed, and even if heating is performed at this minimum opening degree, the load is small, so the temperature of the heat exchanger 10 gradually increases. Go.
[0034]
  In addition, when the minimum heating amount can be taken very low as a hot water supply apparatus, the method of keeping constant the temperature detected with the tapping temperature detector 18 is also possible.
[0035]
  The subsequent control is as shown in FIG. 3, taking the temperature of the most typical hot water temperature detector 18 as an example. The tapping temperature is 65 ° C (= T0) with tapping temperature setting device 34
It is assumed that it is set to. Therefore, the predetermined value T1 for judging the start of heating is T1 = 65 ° C.−10 ° C. = 55 ° C. Then, T2 = 65 ° C.−8 ° C. = 57 ° C., T 3 = 65 ° C.−7 ° C. = 58 ° C., T 4 = 65 ° C.−3 ° C. = 62 ° C.
[0036]
  In this case, the temperature at which the combustion stop of the gas burner 36 is determined is 62 ° C. in the tapping temperature detector 18. The temperature change gradient is calculated by looking at the time when the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector 18 passes T2 to T3, and the amount of heating is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the gas proportional valve 37 later. This corresponds to the difference in load due to the outside air temperature, the elapsed time after hot water supply stop, etc., especially when there is too much temperature change, because there is a concern about overshoot later, so control the combustion amount to reduce the abnormal This is to prevent partial heating and local boiling and to heat the entire heat exchanger 10 relatively uniformly. The same judgment is made with the signal from the water temperature detector, and the overall control condition is determined by taking the value on the safe side.
[0037]
  In this example, the gradient is viewed with priority on temperature, but may be performed with priority on time.
[0038]
  The reason why the temperature of the water temperature detector 14 is increased is that the water proportional valve 17 provided in the bypass pipe 16 is fully opened without flowing current when hot water is not supplied. 10, a heating circuit is formed between the hot water supply pipe 12, the bypass pipe 16 and the water supply pipe 11 with heating and cooling, and although the temperature of these circulation circuits is of a part, the temperature rises or falls as a whole. Exhibit a phenomenon. For this reason, fine heating can be performed by measuring the temperature of the water temperature detector 14 and the mixed water temperature detector 20 and using them for control. Further, in the circulation circuit of FIG. 1, since the heat exchanger 10 is at the upper part, hot water having a high temperature tends to accumulate in the heat exchanger 10, but the cold water in the heat exchanger 10 is the lowest on the right side of the bypass pipe 16. The heat exchanger 10, the hot water supply pipe 12, the bypass pipe 16, and the water supply pipe 11 are designed so as to be easily circulated so that they can descend naturally.
[0039]
  In addition, since the water proportional valve 17 is fully opened, even if hot water is accumulated in the heat exchanger 10 due to a failure, the ratio of the water is increased at the time of re-heating, so that it is safe.
[0040]
  Now, unlike when heating is started, the determination when heating is stopped is performed using only the signals from the hot water temperature detector 18 and the water temperature detector 14. This is because the signal is not very likely due to the installation position of the mixed water temperature detector, and is mainly used for the control only when the heating control is entered for the determination of the heating condition after the hot water is supplied.
[0041]
  The heating time of the heat exchanger 10 by the gas burner 36 is determined as the longest heating time. The longest heating time is set to a time during which the high limit 15 does not operate even when the gas burner 36 burns at the maximum heating amount in the hot water supply stop control. By setting the longest heating time, even if the tapping temperature detector 18 breaks down or the scale is attached due to long-term use and the detected temperature is lowered, the heating sum is stopped by time management. Double safety is achieved. When one of the conditions detected by the tapping temperature detector 18, the temperature detected by the water temperature detector 14, and the longest heating time has elapsed, heating is stopped for safety. In this stop, the original solenoid valve 38 is closed, and further, the blower fan 39 continues to rotate until the exhaust gas is completely exhausted, and is stopped.
[0042]
    Assuming a general hot water supply device for home use as described above, the conventional hot water supply device is a system having a pipe length of about 5 m, and hot water is supplied in about 15 seconds after the faucet of the terminal is twisted. This can be shortened to about 5 seconds.
[0043]
  The conventional hot water supply device has a rise time of about 10 seconds due to the amount of water held, etc., assuming a case where a 1/2 inch copper pipe is used and has a pipe length of about 5 m. The amount of water was about 900 cc, and it took about 5 seconds to push out the retained water amount. However, since the rise time of the hot water supply device itself can be shortened, only the time for pushing out the accumulated water in the pipe can be obtained.
[0044]
  In the above embodiment, the heating by the gas burner 36 is taken as an example of the heating means. However, a petroleum burner or an electrically heating means may be used.
[0045]
  Further, although the gas proportional valve 37 and the original solenoid valve 38 are taken as examples of the heating capacity adjusting means, other gas amount adjusting means or various heating capacity adjusting means corresponding to each heating means may be used. Good.
[0046]
  Moreover, as the tapping temperature setting means, the tapping temperature can be adjusted with the volume provided in the controller.
Although the tapping temperature setting device 34 is taken as an example, the set temperature may be written in advance in the microcomputer of the controller, or the temperature can be set with a remote controller.
[0047]
  In addition, the flow rate detection means has been exemplified by the water amount detector 13 that directly detects the water flow, but it is an indirect device that is linked with the hot water start / stop operation switch, or a combination of a direct and indirect device. It may be in the form of Moreover, in the said Example, it has the bypass pipe 16 and adjusts the hot water supplied from the heat exchanger 10 and the water from the bypass pipe 16 with the water proportional valve 17, and obtains the hot water of the temperature set with the remote control 25 However, a hot water supply apparatus that does not have a bypass pipe or a water proportional valve may be used. In this case, the set value of the hot water temperature setting means coincides with the set value of the hot water temperature set by the remote controller.
[0048]
  In addition, the water proportional valve 17 that adjusts only the water side is taken as an example of the hot water mixing means, but the water side and water side are both adjusted, driven by a motor, wax thermo, shape memory alloy, etc. It may be used or a combination of these and electrical control.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, according to the hot water supply apparatus of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
[0050]
  (1) The flow rate detecting means detects that the flow of water to the heat exchanger has stopped when hot water supply is stopped, and the heating capacity adjusting means is controlled under different conditions from when hot water is being supplied. Heating the heat exchanger prevents the heat exchanger from being cooled when hot water is stopped, saves time to heat the water held in the heat exchanger when reheating hot water, It is possible to quickly supply hot water at the terminal at the time.Also, by keeping the maximum heating amount of the heating means when water is not flowing lower than the maximum heating amount when water is flowing, the temperature transmission delay to the tapping temperature detector when water is not flowing In particular, in response to the phenomenon that the temperature difference between the upper part of the heat exchanger and the outgoing hot water temperature detector increases when the hot water temperature detector is located below the upper part of the heat exchanger, Local boiling can be prevented.
[0051]
  (2)By controlling the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector when the water is not flowing by the heating capacity adjusting means to be lower than the temperature set by the tapping temperature setting means, the tapping caused by the fact that water is not flowing Corresponding to the temperature transmission delay to the temperature detector, the average temperature of the entire heat exchanger can be prevented from greatly exceeding the set value.
[0052]
  (3)By controlling the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector when water is not flowing in correlation with the temperature set by the tapping temperature setting means, it is high and low when the tapping temperature is set high. When the temperature is set low, hot water having a temperature as close as possible to the set temperature can be supplied from the hot water supply pipe at the time of re-heating.
[0053]
  (4)By controlling the heating of the heat exchanger by the heating means when the water is not flowing in the heating capacity adjustment means within a predetermined time, it is possible to detect errors due to malfunction of the tapping temperature detector, scale adhesion, etc. Even if it occurs, heating can be stopped after a predetermined time has elapsed, abnormal heating and local boiling can be prevented, and double safety can be achieved.
[0054]
  (5)When the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector falls below the lower limit when water is not flowing, start heating of the heat exchanger by the heating means with the heating capacity adjustment means, and heat up when the temperature rises above the upper limit. By stopping heating of the heat exchanger by the heating means with the capacity adjusting means, it is possible to control on / off when the load is small or below the lower limit of the heating capacity of the heating means, and the flow of water stops Even if there is a difference between the temperature in the heat exchanger and the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector, the heat exchanger is prevented from being abnormally heated.
[0055]
  (6)By adjusting the heating amount of the heating means by the heating capacity adjusting means by the temperature change gradient when the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector exceeds a predetermined value, the flow of water is stopped and the heat exchanger Responding to load differences due to outside air temperature, elapsed time after hot water supply stop, etc. under conditions where the temperature and the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector are different, the heating amount is accurately adjusted to prevent abnormal heating and local boiling However, the heat exchanger can be effectively heated.
[0056]
  (7)A water temperature detector that detects the temperature of the water flowing to the heat exchanger is provided, and the temperature detected by the water temperature detector is used for control of the control unit at the time of stop, thereby Controls the temperature detected by the water temperature detector when natural convection in the reverse direction occurs during stoppage or when the water temperature detector indicates the state of the heat exchanger more accurately than the hot water temperature detector. This makes it possible to perform more accurate heating control.
[0057]
    (8)Hot water mixing means that adjusts the mixing ratio of hot water from the heat exchanger and water from the bypass pipe, and a mixed water temperature detector that detects the temperature of the mixed water. When the temperature detected by this mixed water temperature detector is stopped By using it for the control of the control unit, it is possible to accurately grasp the state of the temperature of the hot water supply pipe leading to the hot water supply terminal after mixing of hot water and water, adjust the heating amount of the heat exchanger, and heat to a more accurate temperature. The exchanger can be heated.
[0058]
  (9)By adjusting the mixing ratio of hot water from the heat exchanger and water from the bypass pipe and providing hot water mixing means that fully opens the path when hot water is stopped, the heat exchanger passes through the hot water pipe, the water supply pipe, and the bypass pipe. Thus, it is possible to configure a circulation circuit to promote natural convection while hot water is stopped, to make the temperature of the convection water in the hot water supply device body uniform, and to quickly increase the temperature at the time of reheating.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the main operation of the hot water supply apparatus.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the main operation of the hot water supply apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a system diagram of a conventional water heater
[Explanation of symbols]
  10 Heat exchanger
  11 Water supply pipe
  12 Hot water supply pipe
  13 Water detector (flow rate detection means)
  14 Water temperature detector
  16 Bypass pipe
  17 Water proportional valve (mixed hot water)
  18 Hot water temperature detector
  20 Mixed water temperature detector
  34 Hot water temperature setting device (hot water temperature setting means)
  35 Control unit at stop
  36 Gas burner (heating means)
  37 Gas proportional valve (heating capacity adjusting means)
  38 original solenoid valve (heating capacity adjustment means)

Claims

A heat exchanger to which a water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe are connected, a heating means for heating the heat exchanger, a heating capacity adjusting means for adjusting the heating capacity of the heating means, and a hot water temperature from the heat exchanger are detected. Tapping temperature detector, tapping temperature setting means for setting tapping temperature, flow rate detecting means for detecting the flow of water to the heat exchanger, and detecting the tapping temperature by detecting the flow of water by the flow rate detecting means. The heating capacity adjusting means is controlled by comparing the temperature of the hot water temperature setting means and the tapping temperature setting means, and when the flow of water is not detected by the flow rate detecting means, the heating is performed under conditions different from the flow of water. A controller having a stop time control unit for controlling the capacity adjusting means to heat the heat exchanger is provided, and the stop time control part of the controller is used when water is not flowing in the heating capacity adjusting means. The maximum heating amount of the heating means is the maximum Water heater holding lower than the amount.

The controller at the time of stopping the controller controls the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector when the water is not flowing by the heating capacity adjusting means to be lower than the temperature set by the tapping temperature setting means. 1. A hot water supply apparatus according to 1.

The controller at the time of stop of the controller controls the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector when the water is not flowing by the heating capacity adjusting means so as to correlate with the temperature set by the tapping temperature setting means. The hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1.

The hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the controller when the controller is stopped controls the heating of the heat exchanger by the heating means when the water is not flowing by the heating capacity adjusting means within a predetermined time.

When the temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector falls below the lower limit when the water is not flowing, the controller when the controller is stopped starts heating the heat exchanger by the heating means with the heating capacity adjusting means. The hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the temperature exceeds the upper limit value, heating of the heat exchanger by the heating means is stopped by the heating capacity adjusting means.

A heat exchanger to which a water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe are connected, a heating means for heating the heat exchanger, a heating capacity adjusting means for adjusting the heating capacity of the heating means, and a hot water temperature from the heat exchanger are detected. Tapping temperature detector, tapping temperature setting means for setting tapping temperature, flow rate detecting means for detecting the flow of water to the heat exchanger, and detecting the tapping temperature by detecting the flow of water by the flow rate detecting means. The heating capacity adjusting means is controlled by comparing the temperature of the hot water temperature setting means and the tapping temperature setting means, and when the flow of water is not detected by the flow rate detecting means, it is different from the flow of water.
The controller having a stop time control unit that controls the heating capacity adjusting means under conditions to heat the heat exchanger, and the stop time control unit of the controller has a predetermined temperature detected by the tapping temperature detector the temperature gradient of change when crossing value, adjusting the water heater the heating amount of the heating means in the heating capacity adjusting means.

A heat exchanger to which a water supply pipe and a hot water supply pipe are connected, a heating means for heating the heat exchanger, a heating capacity adjusting means for adjusting the heating capacity of the heating means, and a hot water temperature from the heat exchanger are detected. Tapping temperature detector, tapping temperature setting means for setting tapping temperature, flow rate detecting means for detecting the flow of water to the heat exchanger, and detecting the tapping temperature by detecting the flow of water by the flow rate detecting means. The heating capacity adjusting means is controlled by comparing the temperature of the hot water temperature setting means and the tapping temperature setting means, and when the flow of water is not detected by the flow rate detecting means, the heating is performed under conditions different from the flow of water. A controller having a stop time controller for controlling the capacity adjusting means to heat the heat exchanger, and a water temperature detector for detecting the temperature of water flowing to the heat exchanger, are detected by the water temperature detector. the temperature that is in the control of the stop control unit Use the water heater.

A bypass pipe that bypasses the heat exchanger and connects the water supply pipe and the hot water pipe, hot water mixing means that adjusts the mixing ratio of hot water from the heat exchanger and water from the bypass pipe, and a mixed water temperature that detects the temperature of the mixed water The hot-water supply apparatus of Claim 1 provided with the detector and using the temperature detected by this mixed water temperature detector for control of a stop time control part.

A bypass pipe that bypasses the heat exchanger and connects the water supply pipe to the hot water supply pipe, and a hot water mixing means that adjusts the mixing ratio of the hot water from the heat exchanger and the water from the bypass pipe and opens the path fully when hot water is stopped. The hot-water supply apparatus of Claim 1 provided.