JP3766750B2 - Manufacturing method of deodorizing material - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of deodorizing material Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3766750B2
JP3766750B2 JP10192298A JP10192298A JP3766750B2 JP 3766750 B2 JP3766750 B2 JP 3766750B2 JP 10192298 A JP10192298 A JP 10192298A JP 10192298 A JP10192298 A JP 10192298A JP 3766750 B2 JP3766750 B2 JP 3766750B2
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Prior art keywords
carrier
paraaminobenzoic acid
deodorizing
deodorizing material
sol
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JP10192298A
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JPH11276566A (en
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田辺  淳
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Nichias Corp
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Nichias Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、生活環境において発生して空気中に分布し人に不快感を与えたり呼吸障害を起こさせたりする各種の臭気物質を除去するための、脱臭材に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
多数の人工的な材料からなる現代の建造物からは多くの化学物質が気化して空気中に放散されている。また、多数の人間が居住し活動する建物内では人もまた煙草の煙りや汗などの形で空気中に様々な物質を放出している。このようにして放出される物質の一部は人に悪臭として感じられ、はなはだしい場合は呼吸障害を起こさせたりする。一般的な居室、事務所等の生活環境で感じられる悪臭の原因物質としては、アンモニア、メチルメルカプタン、トリメチルアミン、アセトアルデヒド、スチレン、プロピオン酸、ノルマル酪酸、ノルマル吉草酸、イソ吉草酸等が代表的なものである。
【0003】
従来、これらの悪臭成分を小規模で除去する手段としては吸着によるものが普通であり、その場合に用いる吸着剤としては、活性炭、疎水性ゼオライト等が代表的なものであった。しかしながら、これらの吸着剤はアセトアルデヒドをあまり吸着せず、したがって、アセトアルデヒドによる汚染がひどい空気を処理する場合は使用開始後短時間でアセトアルデヒドの漏出が始まり、吸着剤の交換が必要になるという問題があった。
【0004】
空気中のアセトアルデヒドの除去に関しては、パラアミノ安息香酸を用いる化学吸着が有効であることが知られている(特開平2−180634号,特開平5−300934号等)。しかしながら、パラアミノ安息香酸は高濃度の溶液にしにくい化合物であって水100gに対して僅か0.34gしか溶けない。溶媒にエタノールを用いても溶解度は14gである。このため、パラアミノ安息香酸の溶液を担体に塗布または含浸したあと乾燥する従来の方法では担体に固定することができるパラアミノ安息香酸の量が少なく、このため、空気中のアセトアルデヒドガスを捕捉する力には優れていてもやはり寿命の短い脱臭材しか得られなかった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、パラアミノ安息香酸を用いた従来の吸着材が上述のような問題点を有するものであったことに鑑み、多量のパラアミノ安息香酸を担体に固定するのに有効な手段を見いだし、アセトアルデヒド吸着容量の大きい吸着材を製造する方法を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明による脱臭材の製造法は、脱水縮合反応を起こして三次元網目構造のゲルを形成するシリカゾル、アルミナゾル、チタニアゾルまたはジルコニアゾル等のヒドロゾルに粒径が約300μm以下の粉末状のパラアミノ安息香酸を約5〜30重量%分散させ、得られた分散液を担体に付着させたのち乾燥することを特徴とするものである。
【0007】
この製造法において、パラアミノ安息香酸と共に他の脱臭剤を担体に担持させるか、担体としてそれ自体が脱臭能力を有するものを使用することにより、アセトアルデヒドと他の悪臭物質を含有する空気の処理に好適な脱臭材を製造することもできる。
【0008】
多孔質ゲル状硬化物を形成する上記結合剤中に粉末状のパラアミノ安息香酸を分散させる本発明の製造法によれば、担体上に形成された結合剤硬化物中にパラアミノ安息香酸の微粒子が分散した状態が形成される(当然、パラアミノ安息香酸の一部は結合剤硬化物層の表面にあって露出状態になる)。粘度の高いゾル状結合剤は担体に多量付着させることができるから、パラアミノ安息香酸もまた多量を担体に固定することができる。結合剤硬化物は多孔質で通気性があるから、パラアミノ安息香酸は結合剤硬化物中に埋没していても被処理空気と接触可能であり、空気中のアセトアルデヒドと反応することができる。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の製造法について詳述する。
シリカゾル、アルミナゾル、チタニアゾル、ジルコニアゾル等、パラアミノ安息香酸固定用の結合剤は耐熱性の無機質結合剤として市販されており、それをそのまま使用することができる。この種の無機質結合剤は、ヒドロゾルが脱水縮合反応を起こして三次元的網目構造のゲルを形成しその後に水が抜け出すので、多かれ少なかれ連通気孔を有する多孔質の硬化物を生じる。アセトアルデヒドとパラアミノ安息香酸との接触機会を確保するためには結合剤として気孔形成の顕著なものが好ましいことはいうまでもない。
【0010】
結合剤に分散させるパラアミノ安息香酸は、粒径が約300μm以下の微粒子状のものであることが望ましい。これ以上大きな粒子は、結合剤硬化物層表面に安定に固定しておくことも困難である。しかしながら、パラアミノ安息香酸は通常50〜100μm程度の粒径のものが市販されており、これをそのまま使用する限り、粒径についての特別の配慮は無用である。
【0011】
担体としては、パラアミノ安息香酸を分散させた結合剤を付着させたのち乾燥する処理に支障のないものである限り、任意の素材からなる任意の形状のものを使用することができる。たとえば、天然繊維製もしくはセラミック繊維製の紙からなるハニカム構造体、粒状・ハニカム状その他任意の形状のセラミック質成形体、金属製成形体のほか、それ自体が悪臭物質の吸着剤もしくは分解触媒として作用し得る物質、たとえば活性炭、ゼオライト、酸化鉄、二酸化マンガン、酸化コバルト等からなるものを使用することができる(担体自体が脱臭能力を有する場合は、それによる吸着能とパラアミノ安息香酸によるアセトアルデヒド吸着能とを併せ持つ脱臭材が得られる。)。
【0012】
上述の結合剤に、好ましくは約5〜30重量%のパラアミノ安息香酸を投入し、撹拌して均一に分散させる。多量のパラアミノ安息香酸を混入するほど多量のパラアミノ安息香酸を担持させることができるが、あまり高濃度の分散液にすると粘度が高くなって均一な処理が困難になる。必要ならば粘度調整用の水を加えてもよいが、あまり希釈すると結合剤のゲル形成に悪影響が出るので、水量は多くても結合剤原液の5倍程度にすることが望ましい。
【0013】
なお、パラアミノ安息香酸と共に他の吸着剤を結合剤に分散させれば、担体としてそれ自体が脱臭能力を有するものを用いた場合と同様に、アセトアルデヒド以外の悪臭物質を除去する能力を持つ脱臭材を製造することができる。
【0014】
得られた分散液を、塗布、噴霧、浸漬等、担体の形状に応じた適当な方法を選んで担体に付着させる。担体が多孔質のものの場合は、気孔部分にも浸透させて含浸状態にすることが望ましい。
【0015】
その後、必要ならば強風を吹き当てるなどして過剰の付着液を除去した後、加熱下に乾燥すると、担体の表面に(多孔質担体の場合はさらに担体内部の気孔部分にも)、パラアミノ安息香酸を分散状態で含有する多孔質の結合剤硬化物が形成される。
【0016】
上述のような本発明によれば、多孔質ではない担体の場合でも担体の表面積1m2当たり約20〜200gの結合剤硬化物層を形成させることができ、それにより1m2当たり約5〜100gものパラアミノ安息香酸を担持させることができる。これは、パラアミノ安息香酸を溶液にして担体表面に付着させる場合に可能な最大担持量の3倍以上である。
【0017】
【実施例】
実施例
微粉末状のパラアミノ安息香酸10重量部を市販のシリカゾル系接着剤(SiO2含有率30重量%)50重量部および水50重量部と混合し、均一な分散液とする。
【0018】
一方、担体として下記3種類のものを用意し、それらを上記パラアミノ安息香酸分散液に浸漬したのち熱風で乾燥し、パラアミノ安息香酸担持脱臭材を得た。
【0019】
担体1:セラミック繊維製ハニカム構造体(紙厚0.2mm,セル数200/in2
担体2:上記担体1に有機結合剤を用いて活性炭を担持させたもの
担体3:疎水性ゼオライトからなる押出成形されたハニカム構造体
【0020】
ハニカム構造体の体積(通気孔部分を含む)1リットル当たりのパラアミノ安息香酸担持量は、担体1が60g、担体2が53g、担体3が55gであった。
【0021】比較例
エタノール90重量部にパラアミノ安息香酸10重量部を溶解し、得られた溶液に実施例で用いたのと同じ担体1〜3を浸漬したのち加熱下に乾燥した。担持されたパラアミノ安息香酸は、担体1の場合15g、担体2の場合10g、担体3の場合14g(いずれも担体1リットル当たりの量)であった。
【0022】
試験例
前記実施例および比較例の脱臭材について、下記の方法により脱臭能力の持続性を調べた。
【0023】
試験法:アセトアルデヒドを20ppm含有する常温の空気を空間速度50,000/Hで送り込み、脱臭材と接触させる。30分後と60分後に、処理済みの空気を採取してアセトアルデヒド濃度〔ppm〕を測定し、測定値から次式により脱臭率を求める。
脱臭率(%)=(20−出口濃度)×100/20
各脱臭材について確認された脱臭率の経時的変化は表1のとおりであった。
【0024】
【表1】
脱臭率の経時的変化

Figure 0003766750
【0025】
【発明の効果】
本発明によればいかなる担体にもパラアミノ安息香酸を多量に且つ確実に担持させることができ、担持されたパラアミノ安息香酸の利用率も高いから、従来の製造法によるものと比べてアセトアルデヒド吸着能力が飛躍的に向上した脱臭材を提供することが可能になる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a deodorizing material for removing various odorous substances that are generated in a living environment and are distributed in the air, causing discomfort to humans and causing respiratory problems.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Many chemical substances are vaporized and diffused in the air from modern buildings made of many artificial materials. In buildings where many people live and live, people also release various substances into the air in the form of cigarette smoke and sweat. Some of the substances released in this way are perceived as bad odors by humans, and in extreme cases, they cause respiratory problems. Typical causes of bad odor that can be felt in living environments such as living rooms and offices are ammonia, methyl mercaptan, trimethylamine, acetaldehyde, styrene, propionic acid, normal butyric acid, normal valeric acid, isovaleric acid, etc. Is.
[0003]
Conventionally, adsorption is usually used as a means for removing these malodorous components on a small scale, and as the adsorbent used in such a case, activated carbon, hydrophobic zeolite or the like has been representative. However, these adsorbents do not adsorb so much acetaldehyde. Therefore, when treating air that is severely contaminated with acetaldehyde, leakage of acetaldehyde starts in a short time after the start of use, and the adsorbent must be replaced. there were.
[0004]
Regarding the removal of acetaldehyde in the air, it is known that chemisorption using paraaminobenzoic acid is effective (JP-A-2-180634, JP-A-5-300934, etc.). However, paraaminobenzoic acid is a compound that is difficult to make into a high-concentration solution, and only 0.34 g dissolves in 100 g of water. Even if ethanol is used as the solvent, the solubility is 14 g. For this reason, in the conventional method in which a solution of paraaminobenzoic acid is applied to or impregnated on a carrier and then dried, the amount of paraaminobenzoic acid that can be fixed on the carrier is small, and therefore, it has the ability to capture acetaldehyde gas in the air. Although it was excellent, only a deodorizing material with a short life could be obtained.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to find an effective means for fixing a large amount of paraaminobenzoic acid to a carrier in view of the fact that conventional adsorbents using paraaminobenzoic acid have the above-mentioned problems. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an adsorbent having a large acetaldehyde adsorption capacity.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The method for producing a deodorizing material according to the present invention includes a powdered paraaminobenzoic acid having a particle size of about 300 μm or less in a hydrosol such as silica sol, alumina sol, titania sol or zirconia sol that undergoes a dehydration condensation reaction to form a gel having a three-dimensional network structure. About 5 to 30% by weight , and the resulting dispersion is adhered to a carrier and then dried.
[0007]
In this production method, it is suitable for treatment of air containing acetaldehyde and other malodorous substances by supporting the carrier with another deodorizing agent together with paraaminobenzoic acid, or by using a carrier having a deodorizing ability as a carrier. A simple deodorizing material can also be produced.
[0008]
According to the production method of the present invention in which powdery paraaminobenzoic acid is dispersed in the binder forming the porous gel-like cured product, the paraaminobenzoic acid fine particles are contained in the binder cured product formed on the carrier. A dispersed state is formed (of course, part of the paraaminobenzoic acid is exposed on the surface of the binder cured product layer). Since a high-viscosity sol-like binder can be adhered to the carrier in a large amount, paraaminobenzoic acid can also be immobilized on the carrier in a large amount. Since the cured binder is porous and air permeable, paraaminobenzoic acid can be contacted with the air to be treated even when buried in the cured binder, and can react with acetaldehyde in the air.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the production method of the present invention will be described in detail.
Binders for fixing paraaminobenzoic acid such as silica sol, alumina sol, titania sol, zirconia sol and the like are commercially available as heat-resistant inorganic binders, and can be used as they are. In this type of inorganic binder, the hydrosol undergoes a dehydration condensation reaction to form a gel with a three-dimensional network structure, and then water escapes, so that a porous cured product having more or less continuous air holes is generated. Needless to say, in order to secure a contact opportunity between acetaldehyde and paraaminobenzoic acid, a binder having remarkable pore formation is preferable.
[0010]
The paraaminobenzoic acid dispersed in the binder is preferably in the form of fine particles having a particle size of about 300 μm or less. Larger particles are also difficult to be stably fixed on the surface of the cured binder layer. However, paraaminobenzoic acid having a particle size of about 50 to 100 μm is usually marketed, and as long as it is used as it is, no special consideration for the particle size is necessary.
[0011]
As the carrier, any carrier made of any material can be used as long as it does not interfere with the drying process after attaching the binder in which paraaminobenzoic acid is dispersed. For example, a honeycomb structure made of natural fiber or ceramic fiber paper, granular / honeycomb or other shaped ceramic molded body, metal molded body, or itself as an adsorbent or decomposition catalyst for malodorous substances Substances that can act, such as activated carbon, zeolite, iron oxide, manganese dioxide, cobalt oxide, etc. can be used (if the carrier itself has a deodorizing ability, the adsorption capacity and the acetaldehyde adsorption by paraaminobenzoic acid) Deodorizing material that has both performance and performance.)
[0012]
Preferably, about 5 to 30% by weight of paraaminobenzoic acid is added to the above-mentioned binder and stirred to disperse it uniformly. As a larger amount of paraaminobenzoic acid is mixed, a larger amount of paraaminobenzoic acid can be supported. However, if the dispersion liquid has a very high concentration, the viscosity becomes high and uniform treatment becomes difficult. If necessary, water for viscosity adjustment may be added, but if diluted too much, the gel formation of the binder will be adversely affected, so it is desirable that the amount of water is at most about 5 times that of the binder stock solution.
[0013]
In addition, if other adsorbents are dispersed in a binder together with paraaminobenzoic acid, a deodorizing material having the ability to remove malodorous substances other than acetaldehyde is used, as in the case of using a carrier that has a deodorizing ability itself Can be manufactured.
[0014]
The obtained dispersion liquid is attached to the carrier by selecting an appropriate method according to the shape of the carrier, such as coating, spraying or dipping. In the case where the carrier is porous, it is desirable that the carrier is infiltrated into the pores to be impregnated.
[0015]
After that, if necessary, remove the excess adhering liquid by blowing strong wind, etc., and then dry under heating. Then, on the surface of the carrier (in the case of a porous carrier, also in the pores inside the carrier), paraaminobenzoic acid A porous binder cured product containing the acid in a dispersed state is formed.
[0016]
According to the present invention as described above, even in the case of a non-porous carrier, about 20 to 200 g of a cured binder layer can be formed per m 2 of the surface area of the carrier, so that about 5 to 100 g per m 2 can be formed. Paraaminobenzoic acid can be supported. This is more than three times the maximum loading that is possible when paraaminobenzoic acid is applied as a solution to the carrier surface.
[0017]
【Example】
Example 10 parts by weight of para-aminobenzoic acid in the form of fine powder is mixed with 50 parts by weight of a commercially available silica sol adhesive (SiO 2 content 30% by weight) and 50 parts by weight of water to obtain a uniform dispersion.
[0018]
On the other hand, the following three types of carriers were prepared, and they were immersed in the paraaminobenzoic acid dispersion and then dried with hot air to obtain a paraaminobenzoic acid-carrying deodorizing material.
[0019]
Carrier 1: Honeycomb structure made of ceramic fiber (paper thickness 0.2 mm, number of cells 200 / in 2 )
Carrier 2: Activated carbon supported on the carrier 1 using an organic binder Carrier 3: Extruded honeycomb structure made of hydrophobic zeolite
The supported amount of paraaminobenzoic acid per liter of the honeycomb structure volume (including the air hole portion) was 60 g for carrier 1, 53 g for carrier 2, and 55 g for carrier 3.
Comparative Example 10 parts by weight of paraaminobenzoic acid was dissolved in 90 parts by weight of ethanol, and the same carriers 1 to 3 used in the examples were immersed in the resulting solution, followed by drying under heating. The supported paraaminobenzoic acid was 15 g for carrier 1, 10 g for carrier 2, and 14 g for carrier 3 (both amounts per liter of carrier).
[0022]
Test Example The deodorizing materials of the above Examples and Comparative Examples were examined for their deodorizing ability by the following method.
[0023]
Test method: Normal temperature air containing 20 ppm of acetaldehyde is fed at a space velocity of 50,000 / H and brought into contact with the deodorizing material. After 30 minutes and 60 minutes, the treated air is collected, the acetaldehyde concentration [ppm] is measured, and the deodorization rate is obtained from the measured value by the following formula.
Deodorization rate (%) = (20−exit concentration) × 100/20
Table 1 shows the changes over time in the deodorization rate confirmed for each deodorizing material.
[0024]
[Table 1]
Change in deodorization rate over time
Figure 0003766750
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a large amount of paraaminobenzoic acid can be reliably supported on any carrier, and the utilization rate of the supported paraaminobenzoic acid is high, so that the acetaldehyde adsorption ability is higher than that according to the conventional production method. It is possible to provide a deodorizing material that is dramatically improved.

Claims (3)

脱水縮合反応を起こして三次元網目構造のゲルを形成するシリカゾル、アルミナゾル、チタニアゾルまたはジルコニアゾル等のヒドロゾルに粒径が約300μm以下の粉末状のパラアミノ安息香酸を約5〜30重量%分散させ、得られた分散液を担体に付着させたのち乾燥することを特徴とする脱臭材の製造法。 About 5 to 30% by weight of powdery paraaminobenzoic acid having a particle size of about 300 μm or less is dispersed in a hydrosol such as silica sol, alumina sol, titania sol, or zirconia sol that causes a dehydration condensation reaction to form a gel having a three-dimensional network structure , A method for producing a deodorizing material, wherein the obtained dispersion is adhered to a carrier and then dried. パラアミノ安息香酸と共に他の脱臭剤を担体に担持させることを特徴とする請求項1記載の脱臭材の製造法。 2. The method for producing a deodorizing material according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is loaded with another deodorizing agent together with paraaminobenzoic acid. 担体として、それ自体が脱臭能力を有するものを使用することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の脱臭材の製造法。The method for producing a deodorizing material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carrier itself has a deodorizing ability.
JP10192298A 1998-03-31 1998-03-31 Manufacturing method of deodorizing material Expired - Fee Related JP3766750B2 (en)

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