JP3762944B2

JP3762944B2 - Shock absorber for human body

Info

Publication number: JP3762944B2
Application number: JP2000355718A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 晋次松田; 実兼田; 顕史井上; 光也内田; 文夫細谷; 秀美谷内
Original assignee: Prop Co Ltd
Current assignee: Prop Co Ltd
Priority date: 2000-11-22
Filing date: 2000-11-22
Publication date: 2006-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2020-11-22
Also published as: JP2002161411A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、主に道路工事の作業現場に通行車両等の物体が突入した場合に、作業現場の作業者を物体の衝突から保護するための人体用衝撃吸収装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、道路工事の作業現場は道路の車線の一部を通行規制して行われるが、作業現場は簡易な柵等で仕切られているのみである。このため、作業現場に向かって進行する車両が誤って作業現場内に突入し、作業現場内の誘導員や作業者に衝突するという事故が発生することがあり、道路工事における現場作業者の安全性確保が問題となっている。
【０００３】
そこで、前述のにような問題を解決しようとするものとして、例えば特開平９−２７３１２５号公報に記載されているように、作業現場内に車両が進入したことを検知すると、所定の警報を発するようにしたものが知られている。また、警報で知らせるだけでは高速で進入する車両を回避できない場合があるため、例えば特開２０００−２７０１０公報に記載されているように、作業現場内に車両が進入したことを検知すると、誘導員や作業者が着用した胴衣の空気袋を膨張させ、車両との衝突による人体への衝撃を吸収するようにしたものも知られている。これらの従来例では、路面に敷設した荷重センサや路上標識体（コーン）等に取付けた衝撃センサにより、作業現場内への車両の進入を検知するようにしている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、荷重センサによって車両の進入を検知するようにした場合、高速で移動する車両が瞬間的に乗り越えるような状況では、所定の荷重を検知できないことがある。また、衝撃センサによって検知する場合は、車両の衝突によってセンサが破壊されて作動しないことも想定され、センサを路上標識体に取付けた場合は小型の車両は接触しないことも考えられる。従って、何れの検知手段を用いた場合も、進入車両の検知に対する確実性に懸念が残されていた。
【０００５】
本発明は前記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、人体に向かって接近する物体を確実に検知することのできる人体用衝撃吸収装置を提供することにある。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は前記目的を達成するために、請求項１では、人体に装着される装着体と、装着体の所定部位に設けられた空気袋と、空気袋を膨張させる膨張手段とを備え、空気袋を装着した人体に向かって接近する物体を検知すると、膨張手段を作動して空気袋を膨張させるようにした人体用衝撃吸収装置において、互いに所定間隔を有する一方の場所と他方の場所との間の空間を物体が通過したことを検知する第１の物体検知手段と、第１の物体検知手段の空間に対して物体の通過方向に所定距離だけ離れて配置され、互いに所定間隔を有する一方の場所と他方の場所との間の空間を物体が通過したことを検知する第２の物体検知手段と、一方の物体検知手段の空間を物体が通過したことを検知してから所定時間内に他方の物体検知手段の空間を物体が通過したことを検知すると前記膨張手段を作動する制御手段とを備えている。
【０００７】
これにより、空気袋を装着した人体に向かって接近する物体が物体検知手段によって検知されると、膨張手段が作動して空気袋が膨張することから、物体が人体に衝突した場合でも、空気袋によって衝撃が吸収される。その際、物体検知手段では、互いに所定間隔を有する一方の場所と他方の場所との間の空間を物体が通過したことを検知することから、物体が非接触で検知される。
【０００８】
また、一方の物体検知手段の空間を物体が通過したことを検知してから所定時間内に他方の物体検知手段の空間を物体が通過したことを検知したときのみ空気袋が膨張することから、例えば物体が高速で接近して来ない場合には、空気袋の膨張手段が作動することはない。
【０００９】
また、請求項２では、請求項１記載の人体用衝撃吸収装置において、前記物体検知手段の空間を物体が通過したことを検知すると所定の警報を発する警報手段を備えている。これにより、請求項１の作用に加え、物体検知手段が物体を検知すると、警報が発せられて注意が促される。
【００１０】
また、請求項３では、請求項１または２記載の人体用衝撃吸収装置において、前記物体検知手段を、前記一方の場所に配置された発光部と、前記他方の場所に配置された受光部とから構成し、発光部から受光部に照射される光が遮られたことによって物体の通過を検知するようにしている。これにより、請求項１または２の作用に加え、発光部から受光部に照射される光が物体で遮られたことにより物体が検知されるように構成されることから、物体検知手段に周知の光センサを用いることが可能となる。
【００１１】
また、請求項４では、請求項３記載の人体用衝撃吸収装置において、前記物体検知手段の発光部及び受光部をそれぞれ任意の場所に設置可能に構成している。これにより、請求項３の作用に加え、発光部及び受光部の設置が容易になる。
【００１２】
また、請求項５では、請求項４記載の人体用衝撃吸収装置において、前記物体検知手段の発光部及び受光部を道路の路面に設置可能な路上標識体に取付けている。これにより、請求項４の作用に加え、例えば道路工事の作業現場における取扱いが容易になる。
【００１３】
また、請求項６では、請求項１、２、３、４または５記載の人体用衝撃吸収装置において、前記装着体を人体に装着する際に互いに結合される一対の結合部材と、各結合部材の結合によって前記制御手段を動作可能な状態にするスイッチ手段とを備えている。これにより、請求項１、２、３、４または５の作用に加え、装着体を人体に装着する際に各結合体を結合することによって制御手段が動作可能な状態になることから、制御手段の動作開始忘れが防止される。
【００１４】
また、請求項７では、請求項１、２、３、４、５または６記載の人体用衝撃吸収装置において、前記装着体に空気袋を収縮状態で収納する収納部を設けている。これにより、請求項１、２、３、４、５または６の作用に加え、空気袋が収縮状態で収納されることから、通常の着用時における取扱い性を損なうことがない。
【００１５】
また、請求項８では、請求項１、２、３、４、５、６または７記載の人体用衝撃吸収装置において、前記空気袋を複数の生地から縫製するとともに、空気袋の生地の縫合面間に弾性部材を介在させ、空気袋の縫合部分の縫い目及びその周囲を密着性の被覆材によって被覆している。これにより、請求項１、２、３、４、５、６または７の作用に加え、空気袋の生地の縫合面間に弾性部材が介在することから、弾性部材の弾性によって空気袋の縫合部分の気密性が向上する。また、空気袋の縫合部分の縫い目及びその周囲が被覆材によって被覆されることから、空気袋の縫合部分の縫い目から空気漏れを生ずることがない。
【００１６】
また、請求項９では、請求項１、２、３、４、５、６、７または８記載の人体用衝撃吸収装置において、前記膨張手段を、内部に圧縮流体を封入され、一端を爆薬の爆発により開封可能に封鎖された流体封入容器と、空気袋に接続される流体吐出口を有し、流体封入容器の一端側を流体吐出口に連通するように覆う流体吐出部材と、流体吐出部材内に流体封入容器の一端に近接して配置された爆薬と、爆薬を爆発させる起爆手段とから構成している。これにより、請求項１、２、３、４、５、６、７または８の作用に加え、起爆手段によって爆薬が爆発すると、爆発の圧力で流体封入容器の一端が直接開封されることから、流体封入容器の流体が瞬時に噴出する。
【００１７】
また、請求項１０では、請求項９記載の人体用衝撃吸収装置において、前記空気袋の流体流入部分の周囲を緩衝性を有する保護部材によって被覆している。これにより、請求項９の作用に加え、空気袋の流体流入部分が保護部材によって爆発の際の破片から保護される。
【００１８】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１乃至図１６は本発明の一実施形態を示すもので、図１は人体用衝撃吸収装置に用いる装着体の正面図、図２はその背面図、図３は結合部材の正面図、図４は膨張状態の空気袋を示す斜視図、図５は人体への装着状態を示す側面図、図６は空気袋の概略構成図、図７は図６のＡ−Ａ線矢視方向断面図、図８乃至図１０は空気袋の縫製方法を示す説明図、図１１及び図１２は充気装置の一部断面側面図及び動作説明図、図１３は人体用衝撃吸収装置の概略構成図、図１４は物体検知装置の斜視図、図１５及び図１６は道路工事の作業現場に用いた例を示す平面図である。
【００１９】
本実施形態の人体用衝撃吸収装置は、人体に装着される装着体１０と、装着体１０の所定部位に取付けられた第１乃至第３空気袋１１，１２，１３と、各空気袋１１，１２，１３を膨張させる充気装置２０と、装着体１０を着用した人体に向かって接近する物体を検知する第１及び第２の物体検知装置３０，４０と、各物体検知装置３０，４０の検知結果に基づいて充気装置２０を作動する制御ユニット５０とから構成されている。
【００２０】
装着体１０は人体の上半身に着用されるように形成され、収縮状態の各空気袋１１，１２，１３を収納するための第１及び第２カバー部１０ａ，１０ｂを有している。この場合、第１カバー部１０ａは人体の胸、両肩及び背中の一部に対応する部分に形成され、第２カバー部１０ｂは人体の腰の一部に対応する部分に形成されている。各カバー部１０ａ，１０ｂはそれぞれ一端側を装着体１０側に固定されるとともに、他端側を複数の剥離可能なテープ１０ｃによって装着体１０側に着脱自在に固定されている。
【００２１】
また、装着体１０の下端側には人体への装着時に結合される一対の結合部材１４，１５が設けられ、各結合部材１４，１５は装着体１０に保持されたベルト１６の両端にそれぞれ取付けられている。一方の結合部材１４には、弾性を有する一対の係合爪１４ａと、各係合爪１４ａの間に配置された突部１４ｂが設けられ、突部１４ｂの先端には導電部材１４ｃが取付けられている。また、他方の結合部材１５は一方の結合部材１４の各係合爪１４ａ及び突部１４ｂを受容する受容部１５ａを有し、受容部１５ａ内には各係合爪１４ａと係合する一対の係合孔１５ｂと、一方の結合部材１４の導電部材１４ｃと接触する一対の電極１５ｃが設けられている。即ち、一方の結合部材１４を他方の結合部材１５の受容部１５ａに挿入すると、一方の結合部材１４の各係合爪１４ａが他方の結合部材１５の各係合孔１５ｂに係合し、各結合部材１４，１５が互いに結合するとともに、各電極１５ｃが導電部材１４ｃに接触して互いに電気的に接続されるようになっている。また、指先等で各係合爪１４ａを各係合孔１５ｂの外側から押圧し、各係合爪１４ａと各係合孔１５ｂとの係合を解除することにより、各結合部材１４，１５が互いに分離され、各電極１５ｃと導電部材１４との電気的な接続も解除される。更に、装着体１０の前面側にはＬＥＤからなる表示ランプ１０ｄが設けられている。
【００２２】
各空気袋１１，１２，１３は気密性及び耐久性の高い生地によって縫製されるとともに、互いに内部を連通するように形成され、非膨張時は装着体１０とほぼ同等の厚さに収縮されている。第１空気袋１１は人体の首の周囲に対応する部位に設けられ、首の両側及び後部を覆うように形成されている。第２空気袋１２は人体の背中に対応する部位に設けられ、背中の中央に沿って上下方向に長く形成されている。この場合、第２空気袋１２の上端及び下端は第１及び第３空気袋１１，１３にそれぞれ接合されている。第３空気袋１３は人体の腰の周囲に対応する部位に設けられ、腰の両側及び後部を覆うように形成されている。
【００２３】
ここで、前記各空気袋１１，１２，１３の構造について説明する。即ち、各空気袋１１，１２，１３は気密性及び耐久性の高い材質として、例えばベクトラン（全芳香族ポリエステル）が用いられ、この材質からなる生地を縫製することによって形成されている。即ち、図６に示すように第１空気袋１１は上面側の生地１１ａ及び下面側の生地２ｂからなり、各生地１１ａ，１１ｂの周縁を縫合することによって形成されている。第２空気袋１２は、図７に示すように一枚の生地１２ａからなり、生地１２ａを筒状に丸めて両端を縫合することによって形成されている。第３空気袋１３は上面側の生地１３ａ及び下面側の生地１３ｂからなり、第１空気袋２と同様、各生地１３ａ，１３ｂの周縁を縫合することによって形成されている。また、第１空気袋１１の下面側の生地１１ｂ及び第３空気袋１３の上面側の生地１３ａには第２空気袋１２に連通する孔１１ｃ，１３ｃが設けられ、各孔１１ｃ，１３ｃの周縁と第２空気袋１２の上下端とをそれぞれ縫合することにより、各空気袋１１，１２，１３が一体に形成されている。また、図４に示すように第３空気袋１３には充気装置２０が接続され、その接続部分に対応する内周面は布、ゴムまたはプラスチック等、緩衝性を有する材質からなる保護部材１３ｄによって被覆されている。
【００２４】
次に、前記各空気袋１１，１２，１３の縫製方法について説明する。まず、第１空気袋１１及び第３空気袋１３は、図８(a) に示すように各生地１１ａ（１３ａ），１１ｂ（１３ｂ）の縫合面間に弾性部材としてのゴム１７ａを介在させ、ベクトランの糸１７ｂによって各生地１１ａ（１３ａ），１１ｂ（１３ｂ）及びゴム１７ａを二条縫いした後、図８(b) に示すように縫い目及びその周囲にシリコンボンドからなる密着性の被覆材１７ｃを塗布する。
【００２５】
第２空気袋１２は、図７に示すように筒状に丸めた生地１２ａの両端をそれぞれ図９(a) に示すように同一方向に折り曲げ、ベクトランの糸１７ｂによって一条の地縫いをする。次に、前記縫合部分を図９(b) に示すように片側に折り曲げ、この折り曲げ部分と生地１２ａとを糸１７ｂによって一条の押さえ縫いをした後、図９(c) に示すように縫い目及びその周囲に被覆材８を塗布する。尚、第２空気袋１２の縫製方法においては、筒状に丸めた生地１２ａの両端を外側に折り曲げて縫製した後、生地１２ａを裏返しにすることにより、縫合部分を生地１２ａの内側に位置させるようにする。
【００２６】
第２空気袋１２の上下端と、第１及び第３空気袋１１，１３の孔１１ｃ（１３ｃ）の周縁との接合は、図１０(a) に示すように内側に折り曲げた第２空気袋１２の端部と、第１空気袋１１（または第３空気袋１３）の生地１１ｂ（１３ａ）とをベクトランの糸１７ｂによって二条の地縫いをする。次に、前記縫合部分を図１０(b) に示すように第２空気袋１２側に折り曲げ、この折り曲げ部分と第２空気袋１２の生地１２ａとを糸１７ｂによって一条の押さえ縫いをした後、図１０(c) に示すように縫い目及びその周囲に被覆材１７ｃを塗布する。
【００２７】
充気装置２０は、圧縮流体を封入した流体封入容器としてのボンベ２１と、ボンベ２１の一端側を覆うガス吐出部材２２と、ボンベ２１を開放する爆薬２３と、爆薬２３を爆発させる点火具２４とからなる。ボンベ２１は圧縮流体を気体または液体状態で封入した金属製の容器からなり、その一端は爆薬２３の爆発によって開封可能な封鎖部２１ａによって封鎖されている。封鎖部２１ａはボンベ本体と一体に設けられ、ボンベ本体側よりも薄く形成されている。実施形態の一例としては、ボンベ２１の容量を１００ｃｃ、その開口直径を８ｍｍ、封鎖部２１ａの厚さを０．４ｍｍとし、圧縮流体としては二酸化炭素に窒素ガス２５％を混合したものを用いる。ガス吐出部材２２はボンベ２１の一端側に螺着され、その内部にはボンベ２１の封鎖部２１ａを囲む空間部２２ａが設けられている。ガス吐出部材２２の側面には空間部２２ａに連通するガス吐出口２２ｂが設けられ、ガス吐出口２２ｂは第３空気袋１３に接続されるようになっている。また、ガス吐出部材２２の内部には空間部２２ａ内に突出する筒状部２２ｃが設けられ、筒状部２２ｃの一端はボンベ２１の封鎖部２１ａに臨んで開口している。爆薬２３はＤＤＮＰ（ジアソジニトロフェノール）等の火薬からなり、ガス吐出部材２２の筒状部２２ｃ内に収容されている。点火具２４は爆薬２３内に埋設され、導線２４ａを介して電源２５に接続されている。
【００２８】
即ち、充気装置２０においては、点火具２４に電流が流れると爆薬２３が爆発し、その圧力により、図１２(a) に示すようにボンベ２１の封鎖部２１ａが破砕され、ボンベ２１の一端が開封される。これにより、図１２(b) に示すようにボンベ２１内のガスが前記爆破により形成された開口部からガス吐出部材２２の空間部２２ａに噴出し、ガス吐出部材２２のガス吐出口２２ｂを通じて第３空気袋１３内に導入される。この場合、爆薬２３はボンベ２１の封鎖部２１ａに臨んで開口する筒状部２２ｃに収容されていることから、爆発の圧力がボンベ２１の封鎖部２１ａに集中的に加わり、爆薬２３の爆発によりボンベ２１の封鎖部２１ａを確実に開封することができる。また、ボンベ２１内の流体が液体状態で封入されている場合は、爆発の熱により液体が急激に気化する、いわゆる突沸現象により、ボンベ２１内の流体がより瞬時に噴出する。この場合、充気装置２０は爆発熱によって加熱されるが、ボンベ２１から吐出する流体の気化によって冷却されるため、熱的損傷を来すことはない。
【００２９】
第１の物体検知装置３０は、互いに所定間隔Ｌ1 （例えば５ｍ）をおいて配置された発光器３１及び受光器３２からなり、これら発光器３１及び受光器３２には赤外線や可視光線等を利用した周知の光センサが用いられる。また、発光器３１及び受光器３２はそれぞれ道路工事等で使用される周知の路上標識体３３に取付けられている。路上標識体３３は略円錐形をなし、その上端に発光器３１または受光器３２が取付けられている。この場合、発光器３１及び受光器３２は路上標識体３３に対して上下方向及び左右方向の向きを調整に取付けられている。また、受光器３２側の路上標識体３３内には送信機３４が設けられ、受光器３２の検知状態を送信機３４によって制御ユニット５０側に送信するようになっている。即ち、この物体検知装置３０では、発光器３１と受光器３２との間の検知空間を物体が通過すると、受光器３２に入射される光が物体によって遮られたことを無線信号を介して制御ユニット５０側で判別するようになっている。
【００３０】
第２の物体検知装置４０は第１の物体検知装置３０と同等の構成、即ち発光器４１、受光器４２、路上標識体４３及び送信機４４からなり、第１の物体検知装置３０に対して物体の通過方向に所定距離Ｌ2 （例えば３〜５ｍ）だけ離れた位置に配置されるようになっている。また、第２の物体検知装置４０の一方の路上標識体４３には、各物体検知装置３０，４０を駆動する電源４５（電池等）が設けられ、電源４５には受光器４２及び送信機４４が接続されている。また、発光器４１及び第１の物体検知装置３０の発光器３１、受光器３２及び送信機３４はそれぞれケーブル４６を介して電源４５に接続されている。この場合、各発光器３１，４１間のケーブル４６及び各受光器３２間のケーブル４６の長さをそれぞれ所定の長さにしておき、各物体検知装置３０，４０を前記ケーブル４６の長さだけ間隔をおいて設置するようにすれば、各物体検知装置３０，４０同士の距離Ｌ2 を常に一定にして設置することができる。また、各物体検知装置３０，４０が共通の電源４５によって駆動されるため、電池の寿命等、電源４５の管理を的確に行うことができる。
【００３１】
制御ユニット５０は装着体１０のベルト１６に取付られるように形成され、充気装置２０の電源２５、ベルト１６の各結合部材１４，１５及び装着体１０の表示ランプ１０ｄに接続されている。即ち、制御ユニット５０では、各結合部材１４，１５を結合すると、電源がオンになり、表示ランプ１０ｄが点灯するようになっている。また、制御ユニット５０は各物体検知装置３０，４０の検知信号を受信する受信機５１を備え、第１の物体検知装置３０の検知空間を物体が通過したことを検知してから所定時間Ｔ内に第２の物体検知装置４０の検知空間を物体が通過したことを検知すると、充気装置２０の点火具２４に電流が流れるようになっている。この場合、前記時間Ｔは各物体検知装置３０，４０同士の距離Ｌ2 と物体の所定速度（空気袋１１，１２，１３を膨張させる場合の速度）に応じた時間に設定される。また、制御ユニット５０には所定の警報音を発するブザー５２が設けられ、ブザー５２は各物体検知装置３０，４０の何れか一方の検知空間を物体が通過したことを検知すると所定時間だけ作動するようになっている。
【００３２】
以上のように構成された人体用衝撃吸収装置は、図１５に示すように道路工事の作業現場で使用される。即ち、工事箇所Ａの周囲には複数の路上標識体Ｂが互いに間隔をおいて設置されており、通行車両Ｃは路上標識体Ｂで区画された領域の外側を走行するように車線規制されている。また、作業現場内の作業者Ｄ及び誘導員Ｅはそれぞれ前記装着体１０を着用しており、工事箇所Ａの前方（車両が向かって来る方向）には各物体検知装置３０，４０が互いに車両の進行方向に所定距離をおいて設置されている。この場合、第１の物体検知装置３０に対し、第２の物体検知装置４０が工事箇所Ａ側に配置される。
【００３３】
前記作業現場では、作業者Ｄ及び誘導員Ｅの身体に装着体１０が装着され、装着体１０の各結合部材１５，１６を互いに結合することにより、制御ユニット５０の電源がオンになるとともに、表示ランプ１０ｄが点灯する。
【００３４】
ここで、図１６に示すように前記工事現場に向かって走行する車両Ｃが誤って作業現場内に進入して来た場合、本実施形態の人体用衝撃吸収装置は次のように動作する。即ち、進入車両Ｃが第１の物体検知装置３０の発光器３１と受光器３２との間の空間を通過したことを検知すると、まず制御ユニット５０のブザー５２が警報を発する。次に、車両Ｃの速度が速い場合など、第１の物体検知装置３０が車両Ｃを検知してから所定時間Ｔ内に第２の物体検知装置４０の発光器４１と受光器４２との間の空間を車両Ｃが通過したことを検知すると、各作業者Ｄ及び各誘導員Ｅの充気装置２０が作動し、それぞれの各空気袋１１，１２，１３が膨張する。これにより、進入車両Ｃが誘導員Ｅや作業者Ｄに衝突した場合でも、各空気袋１１，１２，１３によって人体への衝撃が吸収される。
【００３５】
また、各発光器３１，４１の少なくとも一方に車両Ｃが衝突した場合には、発光器３１，４１が跳ね飛ばされて受光器３２，４２に発光器３１，４１の光が入射されなくなるので、このような場合でも車両Ｃの通過と同様に検知される。
【００３６】
また、進入車両Ｃの速度が遅い場合や、車両Ｃが第２の物体検知装置４０の手前で停止した場合、或いは作業者Ｄや誘導員Ｅの単なる通過など、第１の物体検知装置３０が物体を検知してから所定時間Ｔ内に第２の物体検知装置４０が物体を検知しなかった場合には、ブザー５２のみが作動し、各作業者Ｄ及び各誘導員Ｅの各空気袋１１，１２，１３は膨張しない。
【００３７】
このように、本実施形態の人体用衝撃吸収装置によれば、道路工事の作業現場内に車両Ｃが突入して来た場合、互いに所定間隔を有する発光器３１，４１と受光器３２，４２との間の空間を車両Ｃが通過したことを検知するようにしたので、車両Ｃ等の物体を非接触で検知することができ、従来の荷重センサや衝撃センサのように物体との接触による検知手段を用いた場合に比べ、進入車両Ｃの検知に対する確実性を格段に高めることができる。
【００３８】
この場合、第１の物体検知装置３０が物体を検知してから所定時間内に第２の物体検知装置４０が物体を検知した場合のみ空気袋１１，１２，１３を膨張させるようにしたので、空気袋１１，１２，１３を無用に作動させることがないという利点がある。
【００３９】
また、何れの物体検知装置３０，４０が物体を検知した場合でも、ブザー５２によって警報を発するようにしたので、誘導員Ｅや作業者Ｄに常に注意を促すことができ、安全対策上有利である。
【００４０】
更に、各物体検知装置３０，４０に周知の光センサを用いることができるので、実用化に際して極めて有利である。
【００４１】
また、各物体検知装置３０，４０の発光器３１，４１と受光器３２，４２を任意の場所に設置可能に構成したので、各物体検知装置３０，４０の設置を容易に行うことができ、しかも道路の路面に設置可能な路上標識体３３，４３に取付けたので、道路工事の作業現場において容易に取扱うことができる。
【００４２】
更に、装着体１０の結合部材１５，１６を結合して装着体１０の装着を完了すると、制御ユニット５０を動作可能な状態にするようにしたので、制御ユニット５０の動作開始忘れを確実に防止することができる。
【００４３】
また、第１及び第３空気袋１１，１３の各生地１１ａ，１１ｂ，１３ａ，１３ｂをそれぞれの縫合面間にゴム１７ａを介在させて縫合するようにしたので、ゴム１７ａの弾性により縫合部分の気密性及び耐圧性の向上を図ることができる。また、この縫合部分の縫い目及びその周囲をシリコンボンドからなる被覆材１７ｃによって被覆するようにしたので、被覆材８の密着により縫い目からの空気漏れを確実に防止することができる。尚、第２空気袋１２の縫合と、第２空気袋１２と第１及び第３空気袋１１，１３との縫合においては、それぞれ折り返し縫いをして強度を高めることにより、縫合面間のゴムを省略するようにしたが、これらの縫製においても第１及び第３空気袋１１，１３と同様、縫合面間にゴムを介在させるようにしてもよい。
【００４４】
また、充気装置２０のボンベ２１を爆薬２３で直接破砕することにより開封するようにしたので、起爆用の撃針を用いる必要がない。これにより、撃針の移動による時間的なロスを生ずることがなく、ボンベ２１内のガスを瞬時に噴出させることができる。この場合、空気袋１３のガス流入部分の周囲を保護部材１３ａによって被覆したので、爆発の際の破片による空気袋１３の破損を確実に防止することができる。また、撃針を必要としない分、部品点数を少なくすることができるとともに、撃針を用いた場合のように撃針が刺さったままの開封不良も生ずることがないという利点がある。
【００４５】
尚、前記実施形態では、二つの物体検知装置３０，４０を備えたものを示したが、同様に構成された物体検知装置を一つのみ有するものであってもよい。また、前記実施形態では道路工事の作業現場で使用する場合を示したが、本発明の人体用衝撃吸収装置が他にも有用であれば、前記実施形態の使用態様に限定されることはない。
【００４６】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、請求項１の人体用衝撃吸収装置によれば、空気袋を装着した人体に向かって接近する物体を検知すると、人体に装着された空気袋が膨張するので、物体が人体に衝突した場合でも、空気袋によって衝撃を吸収することができる。この場合、物体を非接触によって検知することができるので、物体との接触による検知手段を用いた場合に比べ、高速で移動するような物体でも確実に検知することができる。従って、物体の検知に対する確実性を格段に高めることができ、例えば道路工事の作業現場における車両の突入事故対策に極めて有利である。
【００４７】
また、例えば物体が高速で接近して来ないような場合には、空気袋の膨張手段を作動することはないので、空気袋を無用に膨張させることがないという利点がある。
【００４８】
また、請求項２の人体用衝撃吸収装置によれば、請求項１の効果に加え、物体を検知すると警報が発せられて注意が促されることから、安全対策上有利である。
【００４９】
また、請求項３の人体用衝撃吸収装置によれば、請求項１または２の効果に加え、物体検知手段を周知の光センサを用いて構成することができるので、実用化に際して極めて有利である。
【００５０】
また、請求項４の人体用衝撃吸収装置によれば、請求項３の効果に加え、発光部及び受光部の設置を容易に行うことができるので、設置現場での作業性の向上を図ることができる。
【００５１】
また、請求項５の人体用衝撃吸収装置によれば、請求項４の効果に加え、道路の路面への設置を容易に行うことができるので、例えば道路工事の作業現場に用いる場合に極めて有利である。
【００５２】
また、請求項６の人体用衝撃吸収装置によれば、請求項１、２、３、４または５の効果に加え、制御手段の動作開始忘れを防止することができるので、本装置を確実に作動させることができる。
【００５３】
また、請求項７の人体用衝撃吸収装置によれば、請求項１、２、３、４、５または６の効果に加え、通常の着用時における取扱い性を損なうことがないので、実用化に際して極めて有利である。
【００５４】
また、請求項８の人体用衝撃吸収装置によれば、請求項１、２、３、４、５、６または７の効果に加え、空気袋の縫合部分の気密性を向上させることができ、しかも空気袋の縫合部分の縫い目からの空気漏れも確実に防止することができるので、空気袋の膨張時及び衝撃吸収時における空気袋の強度を格段に高めることができる。
【００５５】
また、請求項９の人体用衝撃吸収装置によれば、請求項１、２、３、４、５、６、７または８の効果に加え、空気袋を瞬時に膨張させることができるので、物体が高速で接近する場合に極めて有利である。
【００５６】
また、請求項１０の人体用衝撃吸収装置によれば、請求項９の効果に加え、空気袋の流体流入部分を保護することができるので、空気袋膨張時の爆発の破片による空気袋の破損を確実に防止することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施形態を示す人体用衝撃吸収装置の装着体の正面図
【図２】装着体の背面図
【図３】結合部材の正面図
【図４】膨張状態の空気袋を示す斜視図
【図５】人体への装着状態を示す側面図
【図６】空気袋の概略構成図
【図７】図６のＡ−Ａ線矢視方向断面図
【図８】空気袋の縫製方法を示す説明図
【図９】空気袋の縫製方法を示す説明図
【図１０】空気袋の縫製方法を示す説明図
【図１１】充気装置の一部断面側面図
【図１２】充気装置の及び動作説明図
【図１３】人体用衝撃吸収装置の概略構成図
【図１４】物体検知装置の斜視図
【図１５】道路工事の作業現場に用いた例を示す平面図
【図１６】道路工事の作業現場に用いた例を示す平面図
【符号の説明】
１…装着者、１０…装着体、１０ａ…第１カバー部、１０ｂ…第２カバー部、１１…第１空気袋、１２…第２空気袋、１３…第３空気袋、１３ｄ…保護部材、１４，１５…結合部材、１７ａ…ゴム、１７ｃ…被覆材、２０…充気装置、２１…ボンベ、２１ａ…封鎖部、２２…ガス吐出部材、２２ｂ…ガス吐出口、２３…爆薬、２４…点火具、３０…第１の物体検知装置、３１…発光部、３２…受光部、３３…路上標識体、４０…第２の物体検知装置、４１…発光部、４２…受光部、４３…路上標識体、５０…制御ユニット、５２…ブザー。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shock absorber for a human body for protecting a worker on a work site from collision of an object when an object such as a passing vehicle enters a work site mainly for road construction.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a road construction work site is performed by restricting the passage of a part of the road lane, but the work site is only partitioned by a simple fence or the like. For this reason, an accident may occur in which a vehicle traveling toward the work site accidentally enters the work site and collides with a guide or worker on the work site. Ensuring safety is a problem.
[0003]
In order to solve the above-described problems, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-273125, when it is detected that a vehicle has entered the work site, a predetermined alarm is issued. This is known. In addition, since it may not be possible to avoid a vehicle that enters at high speed only by notifying with a warning, for example, as described in JP 2000-27010 A, when it is detected that a vehicle has entered the work site, a guide In addition, there is also known an apparatus in which an air bag of a jacket worn by an operator is inflated to absorb an impact on a human body due to a collision with a vehicle. In these conventional examples, the entry of the vehicle into the work site is detected by a load sensor laid on the road surface or an impact sensor attached to a road sign (cone) or the like.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when a vehicle is detected by a load sensor, a predetermined load may not be detected in a situation where a vehicle moving at a high speed momentarily gets over. In addition, when detecting with an impact sensor, it is assumed that the sensor is destroyed and does not operate due to the collision of the vehicle, and when the sensor is attached to a road marking body, a small vehicle may not contact. Therefore, in any of the detection means, there is a concern about the certainty for detection of the approaching vehicle.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a shock absorber for a human body that can reliably detect an object approaching the human body.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, in claim 1, an attachment body to be attached to a human body, an air bag provided at a predetermined portion of the attachment body, and an inflating means for inflating the air bag. When an object approaching the human body wearing the bag is detected, in the shock absorber for a human body in which the air bag is inflated by operating the expansion means, the one place and the other place having a predetermined distance from each other Detect that an object has passed through the space between First Object detection means; Detecting that an object has passed through a space between one place and the other place, which are arranged at a predetermined distance from the space of the first object detection means in the passing direction of the object and have a predetermined distance from each other. The second object detection means and one of the Detects that an object has passed through the space of the object detection means Detects that the object has passed through the space of the other object detection means within a predetermined time after Then, control means for operating the expansion means is provided.
[0007]
As a result, when an object approaching the human body wearing the air bag is detected by the object detecting means, the inflating means is activated to inflate the air bag. Therefore, even if the object collides with the human body, the air bag The shock is absorbed by. At that time, the object detecting means detects that the object has passed through the space between the one place and the other place having a predetermined distance from each other, so that the object is detected without contact.
[0008]
Also, Since the air bag inflates only when it detects that an object has passed through the space of the other object detection means within a predetermined time after detecting that the object has passed through the space of one object detection means, for example, the object If the air bag does not approach at high speed, the inflation means of the air bag will not operate.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the shock absorber for a human body according to the first aspect further comprises alarm means for issuing a predetermined alarm when detecting that an object has passed through the space of the object detection means. Thus, in addition to the operation of the first aspect, when the object detection means detects an object, an alarm is issued and attention is urged.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the shock absorber for a human body according to the first or second aspect, the object detecting means includes a light emitting unit disposed at the one place, and a light receiving unit disposed at the other place. And the passage of the object is detected when the light emitted from the light emitting unit to the light receiving unit is blocked. Thus, in addition to the operation of the first or second aspect, since the object is detected when the light irradiated from the light emitting unit to the light receiving unit is blocked by the object, the object detecting unit is well known. An optical sensor can be used.
[0011]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the shock absorber for a human body according to the third aspect, the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit of the object detection means can be installed at arbitrary locations. Thereby, in addition to the operation of the third aspect, the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit can be easily installed.
[0012]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the impact absorbing device for a human body according to the fourth aspect, the light emitting part and the light receiving part of the object detecting means are attached to a road marker that can be installed on a road surface. Accordingly, in addition to the operation of the fourth aspect, for example, handling at a work site of road construction becomes easy.
[0013]
Further, in claim 6, in the shock absorber for a human body according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, a pair of coupling members coupled to each other when the mounting body is mounted on the human body, and each coupling member Switch means for enabling the control means to be operable by the combination. Thereby, in addition to the operation of the first, second, third, fourth, or fifth aspect, the control means can be operated by connecting the combined bodies when the mounting body is mounted on the human body. Forgetting to start the operation is prevented.
[0014]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the shock absorber for a human body according to the first, second, third, fourth, or sixth aspect, a storage portion for storing the air bag in a contracted state is provided in the mounting body. Thereby, in addition to the effect | action of Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, since an air bag is accommodated in a contracted state, the handleability at the time of normal wear is not impaired.
[0015]
Moreover, in Claim 8, in the impact-absorbing device for a human body according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, the air bag is sewn from a plurality of fabrics, and the stitched surface of the fabric of the air bags An elastic member is interposed between the seam and the periphery of the stitched portion of the air bag with an adhesive covering material. Thereby, in addition to the operation of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth or seventh aspect, since the elastic member is interposed between the stitching surfaces of the fabric of the air bag, the stitched portion of the air bag is caused by the elasticity of the elastic member. Improves airtightness. Further, since the seam of the stitched portion of the air bag and the periphery thereof are covered with the covering material, air leakage does not occur from the seam of the stitched portion of the air bag.
[0016]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the shock absorber for a human body according to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, or eighth aspect, the expansion means is filled with a compressed fluid, and one end is made of explosive. A fluid discharge container that is sealed so that it can be opened by an explosion, a fluid discharge port connected to an air bag, and a fluid discharge member that covers one end of the fluid seal container so as to communicate with the fluid discharge port; and a fluid discharge member It is comprised from the explosive arrange | positioned inside the end of the fluid enclosure inside, and the detonation means which explode the explosive. Thereby, in addition to the effects of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, when the explosive explodes by the explosive means, one end of the fluid enclosure is directly opened by the pressure of the explosion, The fluid in the fluid enclosure is ejected instantaneously.
[0017]
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the shock absorber for a human body according to the ninth aspect, the periphery of the fluid inflow portion of the air bag is covered with a protective member having a buffering property. Thereby, in addition to the operation of the ninth aspect, the fluid inflow portion of the air bag is protected from the fragments at the time of the explosion by the protective member.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 to 16 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view of a mounting body used in a shock absorber for a human body, FIG. 2 is a rear view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a front view of a coupling member. 4 is a perspective view showing an air bag in an inflated state, FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state where the air bag is attached to a human body, FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of the air bag, and FIG. 8 to 10 are explanatory views showing a method of sewing an air bag, FIGS. 11 and 12 are partial cross-sectional side views and operation explanatory views of the charging device, and FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of a shock absorber for a human body, FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the object detection device, and FIGS. 15 and 16 are plan views showing examples used in a road construction work site.
[0019]
The shock absorber for a human body of the present embodiment includes a mounting body 10 to be mounted on the human body, first to third air bags 11, 12, 13 attached to predetermined portions of the mounting body 10, and each air bag 11, An air-charging device 20 that inflates 12 and 13, first and second object detection devices 30 and 40 that detect an object approaching the human body wearing the mounting body 10, and each of the object detection devices 30 and 40. The control unit 50 is configured to operate the charging device 20 based on the detection result.
[0020]
The mounting body 10 is formed so as to be worn on the upper body of the human body, and has first and second cover portions 10a and 10b for storing the air bags 11, 12, and 13 in a contracted state. In this case, the 1st cover part 10a is formed in the part corresponding to a part of the chest of the human body, both shoulders, and the back, and the 2nd cover part 10b is formed in the part corresponding to a part of the waist of the human body. Each of the cover portions 10a and 10b is fixed at one end side to the mounting body 10 side, and the other end side is detachably fixed to the mounting body 10 side by a plurality of peelable tapes 10c.
[0021]
In addition, a pair of coupling members 14 and 15 coupled at the time of mounting on the human body are provided on the lower end side of the mounting body 10, and each coupling member 14 and 15 is attached to both ends of the belt 16 held by the mounting body 10. It has been. One coupling member 14 is provided with a pair of elastic engaging claws 14a and a protrusion 14b disposed between the engaging claws 14a. A conductive member 14c is attached to the tip of the protrusion 14b. ing. The other coupling member 15 has a receiving portion 15a for receiving the engaging claws 14a and the protrusions 14b of the one connecting member 14, and a pair of engaging claws 14a is engaged in the receiving portion 15a. A pair of electrodes 15c that are in contact with the engaging hole 15b and the conductive member 14c of the one coupling member 14 are provided. That is, when one coupling member 14 is inserted into the receiving portion 15a of the other coupling member 15, each engagement claw 14a of one coupling member 14 engages with each engagement hole 15b of the other coupling member 15, The coupling members 14 and 15 are coupled to each other, and the respective electrodes 15c are in contact with the conductive member 14c and are electrically connected to each other. In addition, by pressing each engagement claw 14a from the outside of each engagement hole 15b with a fingertip or the like and releasing the engagement between each engagement claw 14a and each engagement hole 15b, each coupling member 14, 15 They are separated from each other, and the electrical connection between each electrode 15c and the conductive member 14 is also released. Further, a display lamp 10d made of LEDs is provided on the front side of the mounting body 10.
[0022]
The air bags 11, 12, 13 are sewn with a highly airtight and durable fabric and are formed so as to communicate with each other. When not inflated, the air bags 11, 12, 13 are contracted to a thickness substantially equal to that of the mounting body 10. Yes. The 1st air bag 11 is provided in the site | part corresponding to the circumference | surroundings of the neck of a human body, and is formed so that the both sides and rear part of a neck may be covered. The 2nd air bag 12 is provided in the site | part corresponding to the back of a human body, and is formed long in the up-down direction along the center of the back. In this case, the upper end and the lower end of the second air bag 12 are joined to the first and third air bags 11 and 13, respectively. The 3rd air bag 13 is provided in the site | part corresponding to the circumference | surroundings of a human body waist, and it is formed so that the both sides and the rear part of a waist may be covered.
[0023]
Here, the structure of each of the air bags 11, 12, 13 will be described. That is, each air bag 11, 12, 13 is formed by sewing a cloth made of this material, for example, using Vectran (fully aromatic polyester) as a material having high airtightness and durability. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the first air bag 11 is composed of a fabric 11a on the upper surface side and a fabric 2b on the lower surface side, and is formed by sewing the peripheral edges of the fabrics 11a and 11b. As shown in FIG. 7, the second air bag 12 is made of one piece of fabric 12a, and is formed by rounding the fabric 12a into a cylindrical shape and stitching both ends. The 3rd air bag 13 consists of the fabric 13a of the upper surface side, and the fabric 13b of the lower surface side, and is formed by sewing the periphery of each fabric 13a, 13b like the 1st air bag 2. The fabric 11b on the lower surface side of the first air bag 11 and the fabric 13a on the upper surface side of the third air bag 13 are provided with holes 11c and 13c communicating with the second air bag 12, and the peripheral edges of the holes 11c and 13c. And the upper and lower ends of the second air bag 12 are stitched together to form the air bags 11, 12, and 13 integrally. As shown in FIG. 4, a charging device 20 is connected to the third air bag 13, and the inner peripheral surface corresponding to the connecting portion is a protective member 13d made of a material having a buffering property such as cloth, rubber or plastic. It is covered by.
[0024]
Next, a method for sewing the air bags 11, 12, 13 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), the first air bag 11 and the third air bag 13 have rubber 17a as an elastic member interposed between stitched surfaces of the fabrics 11a (13a) and 11b (13b). After the fabrics 11a (13a), 11b (13b) and the rubber 17a are sewed by the thread 17b of Vectran, an adhesive covering material 17c made of silicon bond is formed around the stitches and its periphery as shown in FIG. 8 (b). Apply.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 7, the second air bag 12 is bent in the same direction as shown in FIG. 9 (a) at both ends of the cylindrically rolled fabric 12a, and is sewn in a single line with Vectlan thread 17b. Next, the stitched portion is bent to one side as shown in FIG. 9 (b), and the folded portion and the fabric 12a are stitched together with a thread 17b, and then stitches and stitches are formed as shown in FIG. 9 (c). A covering material 8 is applied around the periphery. In addition, in the sewing method of the 2nd air bag 12, after bending both ends of the cloth 12a rolled into the cylinder shape outside and sewing it, the cloth 12a is turned inside out, and a stitching part is located inside cloth 12a. Like that.
[0026]
The upper and lower ends of the second air bag 12 and the peripheral edge of the hole 11c (13c) of the first and third air bags 11, 13 are joined together as shown in FIG. 10 (a). The end of 12 and the fabric 11b (13a) of the first air bag 11 (or the third air bag 13) are sewn in two strips with Vectlan thread 17b. Next, the stitched portion is folded to the second air bag 12 side as shown in FIG. 10 (b), and the folded portion and the fabric 12a of the second air bag 12 are sewn together by a thread 17b. As shown in FIG. 10 (c), a covering material 17c is applied to the seam and its periphery.
[0027]
The charging device 20 includes a cylinder 21 as a fluid-sealed container enclosing a compressed fluid, a gas discharge member 22 that covers one end of the cylinder 21, an explosive 23 that opens the cylinder 21, and an igniter 24 that explodes the explosive 23. It consists of. The cylinder 21 is made of a metal container in which a compressed fluid is sealed in a gas or liquid state, and one end thereof is sealed by a sealing portion 21 a that can be opened by the explosion of the explosive 23. The sealing part 21a is provided integrally with the cylinder main body, and is formed thinner than the cylinder main body side. As an example of the embodiment, the cylinder 21 has a capacity of 100 cc, its opening diameter is 8 mm, the sealing part 21a has a thickness of 0.4 mm, and the compressed fluid is carbon dioxide mixed with 25% nitrogen gas. The gas discharge member 22 is screwed to one end of the cylinder 21, and a space portion 22 a surrounding the sealing portion 21 a of the cylinder 21 is provided therein. A gas discharge port 22 b communicating with the space 22 a is provided on the side surface of the gas discharge member 22, and the gas discharge port 22 b is connected to the third air bag 13. Further, a cylindrical portion 22 c that protrudes into the space portion 22 a is provided inside the gas discharge member 22, and one end of the cylindrical portion 22 c is opened facing the sealing portion 21 a of the cylinder 21. The explosive 23 is made of explosive such as DDNP (diasodinitrophenol) and is accommodated in the cylindrical portion 22 c of the gas discharge member 22. The igniter 24 is embedded in the explosive 23 and connected to a power source 25 via a conductor 24a.
[0028]
That is, in the charging device 20, when an electric current flows through the igniter 24, the explosive 23 explodes. Due to the pressure, the sealing portion 21 a of the cylinder 21 is crushed as shown in FIG. Is opened. As a result, as shown in FIG. 12 (b), the gas in the cylinder 21 is ejected from the opening formed by the blasting to the space 22a of the gas discharge member 22, and the gas is discharged through the gas discharge port 22b of the gas discharge member 22. 3 is introduced into the air bag 13. In this case, since the explosive 23 is accommodated in the cylindrical portion 22 c that opens toward the sealed portion 21 a of the cylinder 21, the explosion pressure is concentrated on the sealed portion 21 a of the cylinder 21, and the explosive 23 explodes. The sealing part 21a of the cylinder 21 can be opened reliably. Further, when the fluid in the cylinder 21 is sealed in a liquid state, the fluid in the cylinder 21 is ejected more instantaneously due to a so-called bumping phenomenon in which the liquid is rapidly vaporized by the heat of explosion. In this case, the charging device 20 is heated by the explosion heat, but is cooled by the vaporization of the fluid discharged from the cylinder 21, so that thermal damage is not caused.
[0029]
The first object detection device 30 includes a light emitter 31 and a light receiver 32 arranged at a predetermined distance L1 (for example, 5 m) from each other. The light emitter 31 and the light receiver 32 utilize infrared light, visible light, or the like. A known optical sensor is used. The light emitter 31 and the light receiver 32 are each attached to a well-known road marking body 33 used in road construction or the like. The road marking body 33 has a substantially conical shape, and a light emitter 31 or a light receiver 32 is attached to the upper end thereof. In this case, the light emitter 31 and the light receiver 32 are attached to the road marking body 33 so as to adjust the vertical and horizontal directions. Further, a transmitter 34 is provided in the road marking body 33 on the light receiver 32 side, and the detection state of the light receiver 32 is transmitted to the control unit 50 side by the transmitter 34. That is, in this object detection device 30, when an object passes through the detection space between the light emitter 31 and the light receiver 32, it is controlled via a radio signal that the light incident on the light receiver 32 is blocked by the object. The determination is made on the unit 50 side.
[0030]
The second object detection device 40 has a configuration equivalent to that of the first object detection device 30, that is, includes a light emitter 41, a light receiver 42, a road marking body 43, and a transmitter 44, with respect to the first object detection device 30. It is arranged at a position separated by a predetermined distance L2 (for example, 3 to 5 m) in the passing direction of the object. Further, one road marking body 43 of the second object detection device 40 is provided with a power source 45 (battery or the like) for driving the object detection devices 30 and 40, and the power source 45 includes a light receiver 42 and a transmitter 44. Is connected. In addition, the light emitter 41 and the light emitter 31, the light receiver 32, and the transmitter 34 of the first object detection device 30 are each connected to a power source 45 via a cable 46. In this case, the length of the cable 46 between the light emitters 31 and 41 and the length of the cable 46 between the light receivers 32 are set to predetermined lengths, and the object detection devices 30 and 40 are set to the length of the cable 46. If they are installed at intervals, the distance L2 between the object detection devices 30 and 40 can always be set constant. Moreover, since each object detection apparatus 30 and 40 is driven by the common power supply 45, management of the power supply 45, such as a battery life, can be performed exactly.
[0031]
The control unit 50 is formed so as to be attached to the belt 16 of the mounting body 10, and is connected to the power source 25 of the charging device 20, the coupling members 14 and 15 of the belt 16, and the display lamp 10 d of the mounting body 10. That is, in the control unit 50, when the coupling members 14 and 15 are coupled, the power is turned on and the display lamp 10d is lit. The control unit 50 also includes a receiver 51 that receives the detection signals of the object detection devices 30 and 40, and within a predetermined time T after detecting that an object has passed through the detection space of the first object detection device 30. In addition, when it is detected that an object has passed through the detection space of the second object detection device 40, a current flows through the ignition tool 24 of the charging device 20. In this case, the time T is set to a time according to the distance L2 between the object detection devices 30 and 40 and a predetermined speed of the object (speed when the air bags 11, 12, and 13 are inflated). Further, the control unit 50 is provided with a buzzer 52 that emits a predetermined alarm sound. The buzzer 52 operates only for a predetermined time when it detects that an object has passed through one of the detection spaces of the object detection devices 30 and 40. It is like that.
[0032]
The human body shock absorber configured as described above is used at a road construction work site as shown in FIG. That is, a plurality of road signs B are installed around the construction site A at intervals, and the traffic vehicle C is lane-controlled so as to travel outside the area defined by the road signs B. Yes. In addition, the worker D and the guide E in the work site wear the mounting body 10 respectively, and the object detection devices 30 and 40 are in front of each other in the front of the construction site A (the direction in which the vehicle comes). It is installed at a predetermined distance in the traveling direction. In this case, the second object detection device 40 is disposed on the construction site A side with respect to the first object detection device 30.
[0033]
At the work site, the mounting body 10 is mounted on the bodies of the worker D and the guide E, and the coupling members 15 and 16 of the mounting body 10 are coupled to each other, whereby the control unit 50 is powered on. The display lamp 10d is turned on.
[0034]
Here, as shown in FIG. 16, when the vehicle C traveling toward the construction site accidentally enters the work site, the human body shock absorber according to the present embodiment operates as follows. That is, when it is detected that the approaching vehicle C has passed through the space between the light emitter 31 and the light receiver 32 of the first object detection device 30, the buzzer 52 of the control unit 50 first issues an alarm. Next, between the light emitter 41 and the light receiver 42 of the second object detection device 40 within a predetermined time T after the first object detection device 30 detects the vehicle C, such as when the speed of the vehicle C is high. When it is detected that the vehicle C has passed through the space, the charging devices 20 of the workers D and the guides E are operated, and the air bags 11, 12, 13 are inflated. Thereby, even when the approaching vehicle C collides with the guide E or the operator D, the impact on the human body is absorbed by the air bags 11, 12, and 13.
[0035]
Further, when the vehicle C collides with at least one of the light emitters 31 and 41, the light emitters 31 and 41 are bounced off, and the light of the light emitters 31 and 41 is not incident on the light receivers 32 and 42. Even in such a case, it is detected in the same manner as the passage of the vehicle C.
[0036]
In addition, when the speed of the approaching vehicle C is slow, when the vehicle C stops in front of the second object detection device 40, or when the worker D or the guide E is simply passing, the first object detection device 30 is When the second object detection device 40 does not detect an object within a predetermined time T after detecting the object, only the buzzer 52 is activated, and each air bag 11 of each worker D and each guide E is detected. , 12 and 13 do not expand.
[0037]
As described above, according to the shock absorber for a human body of the present embodiment, when the vehicle C enters the road construction work site, the light emitters 31 and 41 and the light receivers 32 and 42 having a predetermined interval from each other. Since the vehicle C is detected to pass through the space between the two, an object such as the vehicle C can be detected in a non-contact manner, and can be detected by contact with the object like a conventional load sensor or impact sensor. Compared with the case where a detection means is used, the certainty with respect to the detection of the approaching vehicle C can be improved significantly.
[0038]
In this case, the air bags 11, 12, and 13 are inflated only when the second object detection device 40 detects the object within a predetermined time after the first object detection device 30 detects the object. There is an advantage that the air bags 11, 12, and 13 are not operated unnecessarily.
[0039]
In addition, even if any of the object detection devices 30 and 40 detects an object, the buzzer 52 issues an alarm. Therefore, it is possible to always alert the guide E and the worker D, which is advantageous in terms of safety measures. is there.
[0040]
Furthermore, since a well-known optical sensor can be used for each object detection apparatus 30 and 40, it is very advantageous in practical use.
[0041]
In addition, since the light emitters 31 and 41 and the light receivers 32 and 42 of the object detection devices 30 and 40 can be installed at arbitrary places, the object detection devices 30 and 40 can be easily installed. And since it attached to the road marking bodies 33 and 43 which can be installed on the road surface of a road, it can handle easily in the construction site of road construction.
[0042]
In addition, when the coupling members 15 and 16 of the mounting body 10 are joined and the mounting of the mounting body 10 is completed, the control unit 50 is put into an operable state, thereby reliably preventing the control unit 50 from forgetting to start operation. can do.
[0043]
Further, since the fabrics 11a, 11b, 13a and 13b of the first and third air bags 11 and 13 are sewn with the rubber 17a interposed between the respective stitching surfaces, the elasticity of the rubber 17a causes the stitching portion to be sewn. The airtightness and pressure resistance can be improved. In addition, since the seam of the stitched portion and the periphery thereof are covered with the covering material 17c made of silicon bond, air leakage from the seam can be surely prevented by the close contact of the covering material 8. In the sewing of the second air bag 12 and the sewing of the second air bag 12 and the first and third air bags 11 and 13, the rubber between the stitched surfaces is increased by sewing each other to increase the strength. In these sewing operations, rubber may be interposed between the stitching surfaces as in the first and third air bags 11 and 13.
[0044]
In addition, since the cylinder 21 of the charging device 20 is opened by directly crushing it with the explosive 23, it is not necessary to use a detonator. As a result, the gas in the cylinder 21 can be instantaneously ejected without causing a time loss due to the movement of the firing needle. In this case, since the periphery of the gas inflow portion of the air bag 13 is covered with the protective member 13a, it is possible to reliably prevent the air bag 13 from being damaged by debris during the explosion. In addition, since the number of parts can be reduced by the amount that does not require a firing needle, there is an advantage that there is no occurrence of poor opening with the firing needle stuck as in the case where the firing needle is used.
[0045]
In addition, although the thing provided with the two object detection apparatuses 30 and 40 was shown in the said embodiment, you may have only one object detection apparatus similarly comprised. Moreover, although the case where it uses in the construction site of road construction was shown in the said embodiment, if the human body shock absorber of this invention is useful elsewhere, it will not be limited to the use aspect of the said embodiment. .
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the shock absorber for a human body of claim 1, when an object approaching the human body wearing the air bag is detected, the air bag attached to the human body is inflated. Even in the event of a collision, the impact can be absorbed by the air bag. In this case, since the object can be detected by non-contact, it is possible to reliably detect even an object that moves at a higher speed than in the case of using a detection means based on contact with the object. Therefore, the certainty with respect to the detection of an object can be remarkably improved, and it is extremely advantageous for measures against a vehicle rush accident at a work site of road construction, for example.
[0047]
Also , Example For example, if the object does not approach at high speed, the air bag inflation means will not be activated. The There is an advantage that it is not expanded unnecessarily.
[0048]
According to the human body shock absorber of claim 2, in addition to the effect of claim 1, when an object is detected, an alarm is issued and attention is urged, which is advantageous in terms of safety measures.
[0049]
Further, according to the shock absorber for human body of claim 3, in addition to the effect of claim 1 or 2, the object detecting means can be constituted by using a known optical sensor, which is extremely advantageous in practical use. .
[0050]
Further, according to the shock absorber for human body of claim 4, in addition to the effect of claim 3, the light emitting part and the light receiving part can be easily installed, so that the workability at the installation site is improved. Can do.
[0051]
Further, according to the shock absorber for human body of claim 5, in addition to the effect of claim 4, it can be easily installed on the road surface of the road, so that it is extremely advantageous when used at the work site of road construction, for example. It is.
[0052]
Further, according to the shock absorber for a human body of claim 6, in addition to the effect of claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, it is possible to prevent forgetting to start the operation of the control means. Can be operated.
[0053]
Further, according to the shock absorber for human body of claim 7, in addition to the effect of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, the handling property at the time of normal wearing is not impaired. Very advantageous.
[0054]
Moreover, according to the shock absorber for human body of claim 8, in addition to the effect of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, the airtightness of the stitched portion of the air bag can be improved, In addition, since air leakage from the seam of the stitched portion of the air bag can be reliably prevented, the strength of the air bag when the air bag is inflated and when the shock is absorbed can be significantly increased.
[0055]
According to the human body shock absorber of claim 9, in addition to the effect of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, the air bag can be instantly inflated. Is very advantageous when approaching at high speed.
[0056]
Further, according to the impact absorbing device for human body of claim 10, in addition to the effect of claim 9, since the fluid inflow portion of the air bag can be protected, the air bag is damaged by the explosion fragments when the air bag is inflated. Can be reliably prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a mounting body of a shock absorber for a human body showing an embodiment of the present invention.
[Fig. 2] Rear view of the wearing body
FIG. 3 is a front view of a coupling member.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an inflated air bag.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing a wearing state on a human body.
FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air bag.
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a method of sewing an air bag
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a method for sewing an air bag.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a method for sewing an air bag.
FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the charging device.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the charging device.
FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram of a shock absorber for a human body.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an object detection device.
FIG. 15 is a plan view showing an example used in a road construction work site.
FIG. 16 is a plan view showing an example used in a road construction work site.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Wearer, 10 ... Wearing body, 10a ... 1st cover part, 10b ... 2nd cover part, 11 ... 1st air bag, 12 ... 2nd air bag, 13 ... 3rd air bag, 13d ... Protection member, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14,15 ... Coupling member, 17a ... Rubber | gum, 17c ... Coating | covering material, 20 ... Air-charging apparatus, 21 ... Cylinder, 21a ... Sealing part, 22 ... Gas discharge member, 22b ... Gas discharge port, 23 ... Explosive, 24 ... Ignition 30 ... 1st object detection apparatus, 31 ... Light emission part, 32 ... Light reception part, 33 ... Road marking body, 40 ... 2nd object detection apparatus, 41 ... Light emission part, 42 ... Light reception part, 43 ... Road sign Body, 50 ... control unit, 52 ... buzzer.

Claims

An attachment body to be attached to the human body, an air bag provided at a predetermined portion of the attachment body, and an inflating means for inflating the air bag, and when an object approaching the human body wearing the air bag is detected, inflating In the shock absorber for a human body that operates the means to inflate the air bag,
First object detection means for detecting that an object has passed through a space between one place and the other place having a predetermined distance from each other;
Detecting that an object has passed through a space between one place and the other place, which are arranged at a predetermined distance from the space of the first object detection means in the passing direction of the object and have a predetermined distance from each other. A second object detection means;
And a control means for operating the expansion means when detecting that an object has passed through the space of the other object detection means within a predetermined time after detecting that the object has passed through the space of one object detection means . A shock absorber for a human body characterized by that.

Human impact-absorbing device according to claim 1, further comprising a warning means for emitting a predetermined warning when it is detected that the object has passed the space of the object detecting means.

The object detection means is composed of a light emitting part arranged at the one place and a light receiving part arranged at the other place,
The shock absorber for a human body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the passage of an object is detected when light irradiated from the light emitting unit to the light receiving unit is blocked .

4. The shock absorber for a human body according to claim 3, wherein the light-emitting part and the light-receiving part of the object detecting means can be installed at arbitrary locations .

5. The shock absorber for a human body according to claim 4, wherein the light emitting part and the light receiving part of the object detecting means are attached to a road marking body that can be installed on a road surface .

A pair of coupling members coupled to each other when the mounting body is mounted on a human body;
Human impact-absorbing device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the coupling of the coupling member, characterized in that a switching means for an operable state said control means.

The shock absorber for a human body according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, wherein a storage portion for storing the air bag in a contracted state is provided in the mounting body .

While sewing the air bag from a plurality of fabrics,
An elastic member is interposed between the stitching surfaces of the fabric of the air bag,
The shock absorber for a human body according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein the seam of the stitched portion of the air bag and its periphery are covered with an adhesive covering material .

The inflating means has a fluid-sealed container sealed with a compressed fluid inside and sealed at one end so that it can be opened by explosion of an explosive, and a fluid discharge port connected to an air bag. A fluid discharge member that covers the fluid discharge port so as to communicate with the fluid discharge port, an explosive disposed in the fluid discharge member in the vicinity of one end of the fluid enclosure, and an initiation means that explodes the explosive. Item 10. A shock absorber for a human body according to Item 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 .

The shock absorber for a human body according to claim 9, wherein the periphery of the fluid inflow portion of the air bag is covered with a protective member having a buffering property .