JP3761253B2 - Joint structure in underwater structures - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a joint structure between structures standing adjacent to each other in water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to construct an underwater structure, for example, a breakwater, in two or more caisson erected in the sea so as to be adjacent to each other, as a joint structure between the caisson, the following is the conventional technology Exists as.
1. A joint structure in which a bag made of canvas fabric is filled with concrete, mortar, etc., and the bag is placed on the joint, a so-called concrete joint structure.
2. A joint structure in which a bag made of rubber is filled with sand, is filled with so-called water-swelling rubber that absorbs water and expands, and the bag is placed on the joint. In this joint structure, an effect of pressure-bonding to the joint due to the internal pressure acting on the bag body can be expected.
3. A joint structure in which an L-shaped rubber plate is fixed to one caisson and faces a wave pressure from one direction.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the conventional caisson type breakwater is assumed to sink due to weight, construction has been carried out for a long time. That is, the caisson type breakwater includes a step of constructing a foundation abandoned stone mound on the bottom of the water, a step of placing a plurality of caissons on the mound, a step of providing an upper structure and a parapet on the caisson, and a caisson After the settlement of the water has settled to a certain extent, it is built by performing the process of closing the joints between the multiple caissons, but these processes take a considerable amount of time, for example, they are performed every different year It is hung and constructed.
[0004]
However, if an underwater structure consisting of a heavy weight structure such as a caisson breakwater must be completed at an early stage, it will not be possible to take a pause between each process until the settlement has settled, and the impact of the settlement will be affected. Need to absorb at joints.
[0005]
In response to such a demand, the conventional joint structure has a problem that it cannot sufficiently follow the displacement due to the settlement. That is, the above 1. In the "concrete joints", no elastic deformation can be expected. In “Rubber bag joints containing water-swollen rubber”, the limit is to apply internal pressure to the structure, and the amount of deformation cannot follow the settlement. In the “L-shaped rubber plate joint”, the original purpose is prevention of sucking out the reclaimed soil on the back of the breakwater, and elastic deformation that can follow the settlement is impossible.
[0006]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the object thereof is an underwater structure in which a plurality of weight structures are adjacent to each other even when relative displacement occurs in the positional relationship between the weight structures. An object of the present invention is to provide a joint structure capable of following the relative displacement.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned object, and the gist thereof is a structure of a joint between adjacent structures standing in water such as the sea or a river, and the joint includes a fluid. In order to make the bag body adhere to the structure following the movement of each structure, an internal pressure is applied to the bag body by the fluid and the amount of fluid in the bag body is adjusted. The joint structure in the underwater structure is characterized by comprising an internal pressure applying fluid amount adjusting means.
[0008]
In the joint structure in the underwater structure of the present invention, at least one of the structures is formed with a notch in the joint extension direction, and one of the two frames that fit and slide with each other. Between the two frames that are fitted to each other, and the other frame is slidably abutted against the other structure. The bag body may be disposed.
[0009]
In the joint structure of the present invention, if the bag body is formed to have a horizontal cross-sectional area (maximum volume) of the bag body in such a size that the bag body can be brought into close contact with the expansion of the joint between the structures, Any material may be used. Therefore, the bag body may be formed of an elastic material such as fiber reinforced rubber or steel wire reinforced rubber, or partially formed of an elastic material, and the elastic material portions are connected by a reinforced canvas. In addition, all the portions may be formed of reinforced canvas.
[0010]
In the joint structure of the present invention, any fluid may be used as long as the fluid can inflate the bag body by filling the bag body, or can contract the bag body by removing from the bag body. It may be a liquid such as water or oil, or a gas such as air.
[0011]
Here, in the joint structure of the present invention, when the fluid is a liquid, the internal pressure applying fluid amount adjusting means is, for example, a liquid storage tank filled with a liquid (may be a vertically long tank in a cylindrical shape). Can be formed by placing the liquid storage tank and the bag body through a conduit. In such an internal pressure applying fluid amount adjusting means, pressure is applied to the liquid by the potential energy of the liquid to apply the internal pressure to the bag, and the bag is in close contact with each structure. Further, when a positional displacement such that the interval between each structure is reduced occurs, the bag body is pressed and contracted by each structure body, and the liquid inside the bag body returns to the liquid storage tank through the conduit, Thereby, the liquid amount of the bag body is adjusted. On the contrary, when a positional displacement is generated such that the interval between the structural bodies is increased, the liquid receiving pressure by the positional energy flows into the bag body by a volume corresponding to the displacement amount of each structural body. The body expands in close contact with each structure, thereby adjusting the amount of liquid in the bag.
[0012]
When the fluid is a gas, for example, the compressor and the bag are connected by a conduit, and the bag is provided with a sensor and an opening / closing valve for measuring the internal pressure. The signal from this sensor opens and closes the opening / closing valve. If a control device capable of stopping the compressor or pumping gas to the bag body is provided, the internal pressure applying fluid amount adjusting means can be formed. In such an internal pressure applying fluid amount adjusting means, if a gas is pumped by a compressor, an internal pressure can be applied to the bag body and brought into close contact with each structure. Further, when a positional displacement occurs so that the interval between the structures is reduced, the internal pressure of the bag body is increased by being pressed by each structure, and the increase in the internal pressure is detected by the sensor, and the signal is controlled by the control device. When the compressor is stopped by the control device and the opening / closing valve of the bag body is opened and the internal pressure of the bag body is appropriately controlled, the amount of gas inside the bag body is adjusted and the bag body contracts while closely contacting each structure. be able to. On the other hand, if a positional displacement occurs that increases the interval between the structural bodies, the internal pressure of the bag body is appropriately controlled by the reverse operation to the above, and the bag body is inflated while closely contacting each structural body. .
[0013]
【Example】
Next, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 is a perspective view showing a joint structure of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged plan view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a front view showing a water head column used in the joint structure of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged plan view showing a joint structure different from those in FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0014]
1 and 2, the joint structure of the present invention is applied to the joint 20 between the caissons of the caisson type breakwater, but the joint structure of the present invention is also applied to joints of underwater structures other than the caisson type breakwater. It is possible. In FIG. 1 and the joint structure 30 between the caissons 1 and 2 placed on a foundation abandoned stone mound (not shown) constructed on the seabed, one caisson 2 has a notch (recessed portion) in a substantially vertical direction. ) 2a is extended, and the second frame 5 is fitted in the notch 2a. As shown in FIG. 2, the second frame 5 has a substantially U-shaped cross section. The second frame 5 is arranged so that the web 5a is in contact with the notch surface, and the flanges 5b, 5b A space 6 is filled between the notch surfaces. Here, water swelling rubber can be used as the interlining material 6. Since the water-swelling rubber is disposed in the gap between the flanges 5b and 5b and the notch surface and then absorbs water and expands, it is easy to push it into the gap, and the flange 5b and the notch surface The gap can be sealed by pressure bonding, and fine movement of the second frame 5 can be absorbed.
[0015]
The second frame 5 thus arranged is arranged so that the first frame 4 is fitted. The first frame 4 includes side plates 4b and 4b that are spaced apart from each other so as to fit between the flanges 5b and 5b of the second frame 5, and connecting plates 4a and 4c that connect the side plates 4b and 4b. The side plates 4b and 4b and the connecting plates 4a and 4c are formed so as to have a substantially rectangular cross section, and the connecting plate 4a is disposed so as to abut against the caisson 1 by the internal pressure of the bag body 3 to be described later. That is, the first frame body 4 is not fixed to the caisson 1 but is simply arranged so as to be able to slide in contact with the caisson 1.
[0016]
The bag body 3 is disposed between the fitted first frame body 4 and second frame body 5. The bag body 3 may be entirely formed of an elastic material such as fiber reinforced rubber or steel wire reinforced rubber, or may be partially formed of an elastic material and connected to the elastic material portion with a reinforced canvas. In short, it may be formed of a shape or material that can be expanded and contracted. The top end of such a bag 3 is sealed with a plate (not shown) or the like, and a pipe or the like is attached to the plate to form a water supply port (not shown). Is attached to the head column 7, and water is supplied from the head column 7 to the bag body 3. A pipe other than the water supply port is attached to the top plate of the bag body 3 to form a drain port, and a valve is attached to the drain port.
[0017]
Here, the water head column 7 can store water therein, and communicates a water supply pipe 7b and an overflow pipe 7c with an upper end of a hollow water storage part 7a extending upward, in the vicinity of the lower end of the water storage part 7a. Is provided with a water outlet 7e for connecting the conduit 8, and provided with a water level inspection window 7d in the vicinity of the upper end of the water reservoir 7a. For example, when the water storage column 7 is formed to have an inner diameter of about 250 mm and a height of about 5 m, and the water storage unit 7 a is filled with water, the bag body 3 has a depth of about 0.1 mm. An internal pressure of 5 kg / cm ² or more can be applied. In addition, if the height of the water storage part 7a is previously formed more than necessary and the internal water level is appropriately changed, the internal pressure can also be changed as necessary. In addition, the water column 7 is provided with a lower limit mark 7d ′ in the water level inspection window 7d, and when the water level falls below the lower limit mark 7d ′, an operator opens the water supply and pours water. Water may be injected by this method. For example, a water level sensor (not shown) is installed at the position of the lower limit mark 7d ', and a control device (not shown) for opening and closing the water supply in response to a signal from the sensor is provided. Water injection may be performed by a sensor and a control device.
[0018]
In the head column 7, a conduit (not shown) communicating with water supply or the like is connected to the water supply port 7 b ′, water is taken into the water storage portion 7 a from here, and this water is directly passed from the water outlet 7 e through the conduit 8. Pour into the bag 3. At this time, the valve of the drainage port of the bag body 3 is left open, and water is poured into the bag body 3 until it overflows from this drainage port. When water overflows from the drain, close the valve. After the valve is closed, the water level of the water head column 7 rises. When water overflows from the overflow pipe 7c of the water head column 7, the supply of water from the water supply is stopped.
[0019]
Next, in the joint structure 30 having the above-described configuration, the action when the caissons 1 and 2 sink and the relative positions thereof are displaced will be described.
[0020]
In the joint structure 30 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bag body 3 is always subjected to an internal pressure by the water pressure from the water head column 7, and the bag body 3 is connected to the first frame body 5 by the internal pressure. The first frame 5 is pressed so that the plate 4 a is brought into contact with the ground plane of the caisson 1. In such a joint structure 30, when relative displacement of the caissons 1 and 2 occurs in the arrow X direction and the arrow Z direction, the connecting plate 4 a of the first frame 5 is pressed against the joint ground of the caisson 1. In this state, slide here to follow the displacement.
[0021]
Further, when relative displacement of the caissons 1 and 2 occurs in the arrow Y direction in FIG. 1, the first frame body 4 and the second frame body 5 slide the side plate 4b and the flange 5b, respectively. However, the first frame 4 is in contact with the caisson 1 by receiving pressure from the bag 3 so as to reduce or enlarge the mutual clearance.
That is, when the caissons 1 and 2 move in the direction in which the clearance is reduced, the connecting plate 4c of the first frame 4 and the web 5a of the second frame 5 are pressed with the bag 3 interposed therebetween, and the bag 3 The water in the head column 7 is returned to the head column 7 from the outlet 7e through the conduit 8 and the water level of the head column 7 is pushed up. Flows out of the overflow pipe 7c. Thus, the amount of water stored inside the bag body 3 is adjusted by the outflow of water, and the bag body 3 can be deformed without being damaged even when a large external force is applied. Further, even when the bag body 3 is contracted and deformed, the first frame body 4 is pressed by its internal pressure to be brought into contact with the joint ground of the caisson 1.
On the contrary, when the caissons 1 and 2 move in the direction in which the clearance increases, the water in the head column 7 flows into the bag body 3, and the bag body 3 expands while being pressed against the connecting plate 4c and the web 5a. . The first frame 4 is pressed by the internal pressure of the bag 3 at the time of expansion and is in contact with the ground plane of the caisson 1.
[0022]
As described above, since the internal pressure is constantly applied to the bag body 3 and the first frame body 4 is always pressed so as to abut against the ground plane of the caisson 1, the caissons 1 and 2 sink. Thus, even when relative displacement occurs in the positional relationship, the joint structure 30 can be prevented from being opened, and the invasion of waves from the open sea can be prevented.
[0023]
FIG. 4 illustrates a joint structure in which notches are not formed in the joints of the caissons 1 and 2. In FIG. 4, the second frame 15 has fixed ends 15c, 15c and a flat plate portion 15a that are flush with each other, and flanges 15b, 15b are perpendicular to the flat plate portion 15a and the fixed ends 15c, 15c. Thus, the flat plate portion 15a and the flanges 15b and 15b are formed in a substantially “U” shape in cross section. Such a second frame 15 is fixed to the caisson 2 by passing anchor bolts 15d, 15d through the fixed ends 15c, 15c.
[0024]
The second frame 15 arranged in this manner is arranged so that the first frame 14 is fitted. In the first frame 14, the side plates 14b and 14b are spaced apart from each other so that they can be fitted between the flanges 15b and 15b of the second frame 15, and the connection plates 14a and 14c having other configurations are arranged. Are formed in the same arrangement as the second frame 5 shown in FIG. The bag body 3 is disposed between the connecting plate 14 c and the flat plate portion 15 a, and the connecting plate 14 a comes into contact with the surface of the caisson 1 due to the internal pressure of the bag body 3.
[0025]
The above joint structure shown in FIG. 4 operates in the same manner as the joint structure shown in FIG. 2, and even when the caissons 1 and 2 sink and the relative displacement occurs in the positional relationship, the joint can be prevented from being opened.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
In the joint structure in the underwater structure of the present invention, the bag body arranged in the joint is filled with fluid, and an internal pressure is applied to the bag body, and an internal pressure applying fluid amount adjusting means for adjusting the fluid amount in the bag body is provided. Therefore, even if each structure moves due to subsidence or the like and the joints expand or contract, the inner volume of the bag body is appropriately adjusted to expand and contract so as to follow the joint movement, and the joints are kept closed. can do.
[0027]
Further, in the joint structure in the underwater structure of the present invention, of the two frames that fit and slide with each other, one frame is fitted and fixed to the notch of one structure, and the other The frame body is slidably abutted on the other structure body, and the above-described bag body is disposed between the two frame bodies. Therefore, the other frame body always has the other structure by the internal pressure of the bag body. While being pressed against the body, the surface of the other structure is slid, and thus the closed state can be maintained following the movement of the joint.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a joint structure of the present invention.
2 is a partially enlarged plan view of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing a water head column used in the joint structure of the present invention.
4 is a partially enlarged plan view showing a joint structure different from FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Caisson (structure)
2 Caisson (structure)
2a Notch 3 Bag 4 First frame (frame)
5 Second frame (frame)
14 First frame (frame)
15 Second frame (frame)
20 joint 30 joint structure

Claims (2)

It is a joint structure between adjacent structures in the sea or river water,
The joint is provided with a bag filled with a fluid, and applies an internal pressure to the bag by the fluid in order to keep the bag following the movement of each structure. A joint structure in an underwater structure comprising an internal pressure applying fluid amount adjusting means for adjusting the amount of fluid. At least one of the structures is formed with a notch extending in the joint extending direction, and one of the two frames that fit and slide with each other is fitted into the notch of the one structure. The other frame body is slidably contacted with the other structure body, and the bag body is disposed between the two frame bodies fitted to each other. The joint structure in the underwater structure according to claim 1.

Images