JP2645985B2 - Sealing material between revetment blocks and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a revetment block such as a caisson or an L-shaped wall which is laid in parallel to form a revetment when reclaiming the sea or the like. The present invention relates to a sealing material between revetment blocks, which is used to prevent outflow of landfill sand and the like, and a method for constructing the sealing material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when reclaiming works in the ocean, first, a plurality of seawalls such as caisson are laid in parallel in the sea to form a seawall, and soil and the like are filled in an area surrounded by the seawall. The construction method of inputting is adopted. But,
Since gaps are formed between adjacent blocks, landfill sand and the like may be washed by seawater and flow out through these gaps.

Conventionally, a seal member (41) made of an elastic hollow body such as rubber has been used to seal the gap between the revetment blocks (see FIGS. 11 and 12).

[0004] As a method of applying the sealing material (41), the inside of the sealing material is evacuated to a flat state, and the sealing material (41) is attached in advance to a side wall of a seawall or other seawall (K) before being submerged. In some cases, after the seawall block (K) has been submerged in a predetermined sea, air is introduced into the sealing material (41) to expand it (see FIG. 11). In addition, as another construction method, the inside of the sealing material (41) is evacuated to a flat state, and the adjacent block (K) which has already been laid is used.
In some cases, air is introduced into the gap between the seals, and then air is introduced into the sealing material (41) to expand the sealing material (41) (see FIG. 12).

[0005]

In recent years, marine reclamation work has been carried out not only in harbors, but also in places with deep water depths and severe wave conditions such as offshore and open ocean. Therefore, revetment blocks, such as caisson, have been used in large sizes with a height of about 20 m to 30 m, and the accuracy of laying of revetment blocks has deteriorated. The gap was about 10 cm in the past, but about 20 cm.
cm to 30 cm.

However, in the case of sealing the gap between the revetment blocks offshore or the like, the following problems occur with the above-mentioned conventional sealing material and the method of applying the same. That is, as the gap between the adjacent seawalls becomes wider, the sealing material made of an elastic hollow body also needs to have a large outer diameter. And the earth pressure will also increase. Therefore,
An elastic hollow body that can withstand such a wave pressure and an earth pressure and can exhibit a sufficient sealing effect and has a larger outer diameter than before is required. Difficult and, if possible, would increase manufacturing costs.

[0007] In the above-mentioned conventional method of applying a seal material between the revetment blocks, the former is a method in which the seal material is previously attached to a caisson or the like. Since the gap between adjacent revetment blocks is not always calculated as
It is difficult to use an appropriate sealing material according to the gap between the revetment blocks, and there is a problem that a sufficient sealing effect cannot be obtained.

On the other hand, in the conventional method of applying a seal material between the revetment blocks, the latter involves inserting the seal material into a gap between the adjacent revetment blocks, so that the gap between the adjacent revetment blocks is removed. Although there is an advantage that a suitable sealing material can be used according to it, when a large wave pressure is applied from the side at the time of insertion into the gap, the sealing material is easily washed away, so it is very difficult to insert it into the gap between the revetment blocks There was a problem that it was difficult.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and is particularly suitable for revetment work in a place where the water depth is deep and where the wave conditions are severe, such as the open sea, between adjacent revetment blocks. An object of the present invention is to provide a sealing material between seawall blocks that can easily and reliably seal a gap and a method for constructing the sealing material.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a sealing member interposed in a gap between adjacent seawalls, wherein the sealing member includes a vertical member made of I-shaped steel, It consists of a pair of vertically elongated elastic hollow bodies attached to both sides of the web part, respectively, and one side part of both elastic hollow bodies is formed as a crimping part to the opposing side wall of the adjacent seawall block, and One of the flange portions is a wave pressure receiving portion, and the other is a land pressure receiving portion of landfill soil. In the above description, the I-shaped steel constituting the vertical member includes an H-shaped steel. A suitable material for the elastic hollow body is rubber, but may be an elastic synthetic resin or the like.

In the method for applying a seal between the revetment blocks according to the present invention, the sealing material in a flat state by evacuating the inside of a pair of elastic hollow bodies is inserted into a gap between adjacent revetment blocks. It consists of inflating air by introducing air into both elastic hollow bodies. In the above method, the step of applying a vacuum to the inside of the pair of elastic hollow bodies to bring them into a flat state may be performed either before or after the step of attaching both elastic hollow bodies to both surfaces of the web portion of the vertical member. After the inside of the hollow body is evacuated to a flat state, these are attached to both surfaces of the web portion of the vertical member. In addition, when the wave conditions at the place where the revetment blocks are arranged are severe, it is preferable to insert the sealant into the gap between the adjacent revetment blocks and then fix the vertical member to the revetment block. After air is introduced into the two elastic hollow bodies to cause them to swell, the inside thereof is preferably filled with a filler such as sand.

[0012]

According to the sealing material between the revetment blocks of the present invention,
Opposite side walls of a revetment block comprising a vertical member made of I-shaped steel, and a pair of vertically elongated elastic hollow bodies attached to both surfaces of a web portion of the vertical member, one side of both elastic hollow bodies being adjacent to each other. Because it is a crimping part to
The outer diameter or the maximum width of the elastic hollow body can be reduced to about half that in the case of using a sealing material made of a single elastic hollow body. Also, since one of the two flange portions of the vertical member is a receiving portion for receiving the wave pressure and the other is a receiving portion for receiving the earth pressure of the reclaimed earth and sand, these two flange portions are respectively most of the wave pressure and the earth pressure. As a result, the wave pressure and the earth pressure received by both elastic hollow bodies are greatly reduced.

Further, according to the method for applying the seal material between the revetment blocks according to the present invention, the seal material which is made flat by evacuating the inside of the pair of elastic hollow bodies is inserted into the gap between the adjacent revetment blocks. A suitable sealing material can be used according to the gap between the revetment blocks. The sealing material is
Since a pair of elastic hollow bodies are attached to both sides of the web portion of the vertical member made of I-section steel, even when a large wave pressure is applied from the side during insertion into the gap between the revetment blocks, it flows. In addition, since both elastic hollow bodies are in a flat state, they can be easily and accurately inserted into gaps between adjacent seawalls. The two elastic hollow bodies that have been in the flat state are swelled by their self-restoring force by the introduction of air, whereby one side of the two elastic hollow bodies is pressed against the opposing side walls of the adjacent seawall block, Thereby, the gap between the adjacent seawalls is strongly sealed.

[0014]

FIG. 1 to FIG. 10 show an embodiment of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

Embodiment 1 In this embodiment, the sealing material (1) between the revetment blocks is made of I
Vertical member (2) made of shaped steel and web part of vertical member (2)
And (3) a pair of vertically elongated elastic hollow bodies (9) attached to both surfaces, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the vertical member (2) has a web portion (3) and two flange portions (4a) (4b) provided on both edges of the web portion (3). It has. However,
The two flanges at the upper end of the vertical member (2) are
In the same portion, a pair of holding pieces (24) for closing the upper end opening of the cylindrical portion (10) of the elastic hollow body (9) as described later are provided. It is attached. Bolt insertion holes (not shown) for attaching the elastic hollow body are provided at both edges of the web portion (3) at predetermined intervals in the length direction. At a plurality of positions in the length direction on the outer surface of the flange portion (4a) on one side, a pair of perforated vertical plates (5) for fixing eye bolts are fixed, and each pair of the vertical plates (5) is fixed. The base ends of the eye bolts (6) are respectively arranged between them, and the base ends of the eye bolts (6) are swingably attached to the pair of vertical plates (5) by connecting pins (7). Also, the other side flange (4
Eye plates (8) are attached to the outer surface of b) near the upper and lower ends. This vertical member
In (2), the upper and lower two members are integrated by a connecting plate (not shown), and the total length is about 18 m. The width of the web part (2) is about 38 cm. The width of the flanges (4a) (4b) is about 15 cm.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show the elastic hollow body (9) before being attached to the vertical member (2). Elastic hollow body
(9) is provided with a cylindrical portion (10) having a circular cross section and a vertically long plate-like portion (11), one side of the cylindrical portion (10) and a central portion of the width of the mounting portion (11). Are connected. The elastic hollow body (9) is made of rubber, but has a peripheral wall of the cylindrical portion (10) and a vertically long plate-like portion.
Reinforcement cloth (12) is interposed in each of (11).
A sheet (13) made of water-expandable rubber is adhered to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion (10). A rubber hemispherical cap (14) is fitted into the lower end opening of the cylindrical portion (10), and the outer surface of the opening peripheral portion of the cap (14) is adhered to the inner surface of the lower end of the cylindrical portion (10). I have. A plurality of bolt insertion holes (15) are formed in both edge portions of the plate-shaped portion (11) so as to correspond to the bolt insertion holes of the web portion (3) of the vertical member (2). This elastic hollow body (9)
A plurality of members are integrally formed by joining (not shown) the upper and lower ends adjacent to each other,
Its total length is about 18m. The outer diameter of the cylindrical part (10) is about 18
cm, and the width of the plate portion (11) is 35 cm. Cylindrical part (10)
Is about 40 cm longer than the plate-like portion (11), the upper end portion of which protrudes about 35 cm above the upper end of the plate-like portion (11), and the lower end portion thereof is about below the lower end of the plate-like portion (11). 5c
m.

Then, the plate-like portions (11) of the pair of elastic hollow bodies (9) having the above-described configuration are superimposed on both surfaces of the web portion (3) of the vertical member (2), respectively. Plate (1
A metal vertical holding plate (16) having a plurality of bolt insertion holes is overlapped on both edge portions of (1), respectively, and in this state, holding plates (16) on both sides and plate-like portions of both elastic hollow bodies (9) (FIG. 11) and vertical members
Bolts (17) are inserted into the bolt insertion holes of the web portion (3) of (2), and nuts (18) are screwed into the tips of the bolts, whereby the vertical member (2) and the two elastic hollow bodies (9) are inserted. ) Is integrated with the sealing material (1) (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

Next, a method of applying the sealing material (1) having the above configuration will be described below. In this embodiment, the sealing material
(1) In a caisson (K) laid in parallel in the sea to form a seawall for reclamation work in the open ocean,
It is used to seal the gap between adjacent caissons (K) (see FIGS. 5 to 8). The height of the caisson (K) is about 17.5 m, and the gap (W) between adjacent caissons (K) is about 20 cm (see FIG. 8).

First, the elastic hollow body shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
The upper end opening of the cylindrical portion (10) of (9) is connected to a decompression device (not shown), and the decompression device is operated to reduce the pressure in the cylindrical portion (10) to a degree of vacuum of about -660 mmHg. The part (10) is in a flat state. Then, the opposing inner surfaces at the upper end of the flattened cylindrical portion (10 ') are adhered to each other, thereby closing the upper end opening of the cylindrical portion (10'). This operation is usually performed in a factory for manufacturing the elastic hollow body (9).

Next, a pair of elastic hollow bodies (9) are attached to both sides of the web part (3) of the vertical member (2) as described above, whereby the vertical member (2) and the pair of elastic hollow bodies (9) are attached. 9)
To form a sealing material (1) integrated therewith (see FIGS. 5 and 6). This work is preferably performed on a caisson (K) for convenience of transportation, but may be performed on a ship or on land.

Then, the sealing material (1) is replaced with a vertical member.
The crane installed on the caisson (K) through a wire rope with one end attached to a lifting hole (19) drilled at both edges of the upper end of the web (3) (not shown) ) And slowly insert from above into the gap between adjacent caissons (K). At the time of this insertion, particularly when the wave is large, as shown in FIG.
Attach one end of the wire rope (R) to the eye plate (8) of (2), and attach the other end of the wire rope (R) to the ship (S) located on the inland sea side and tow. This prevents the sealing material (1) from being exposed to the surf.

A caisson in which the lower end of the sealing material (1) is adjacent
When the sea bottom of the gap between (K) is reached, the vertical member (2) of the sealing material (1) is fixed to the caisson (K) by the following method. That is, a metal member having an insertion hole for an eye bolt (6) at a height position corresponding to a mounting position of a plurality of eye bolts (6) of a vertical member (2) on a sea side wall (K1) of an adjacent caisson (K). While fixing both ends of the horizontal fixing plate (20), swing the eyebolts (6) so that they are almost horizontal, insert their tips into the holes of the fixing plate (20), and fix the eyebolts (6). Nut (22) through the spacer (21) at the tip of
(See FIGS. 6 to 8). In this embodiment, the vertical member (2) is fixed to the caisson (K) .However, if the wave conditions at the location where the caisons (K) are arranged are not so severe, the vertical member (2) is not necessarily required. Need not be fixed. The reason is that since the sealing material (1) itself has a considerable weight, even before the two elastic hollow bodies (9) bulge, there is no need to worry about being exposed to weak waves, After the elastic hollow bodies (9) are expanded as described later, one side of the elastic hollow bodies (9) is pressed against the opposing side wall (K2) of the adjacent caisson (K) to form a wave. This is because it can sufficiently withstand the pressure and the earth pressure of the landfill.

In this way, the upper ends of the flattened cylindrical portions (10 ') of the two elastic hollow bodies (9) are cut in a horizontal direction at a position slightly below the bonded portion. Then, air is introduced into the vacuumed cylindrical portion (10 '), and the cylindrical portion (10') swells due to its elastic force, whereby the cylindrical portions of both elastic hollow bodies (9) are expanded. (10) One side is strongly pressed against the opposing side wall (K2) of the adjacent caisson (K). As described above, the cylindrical portion (10) of the elastic hollow body (9)
Although a sufficient sealing effect can be obtained only by swelling by introducing air into the elastic hollow body, in this embodiment,
Fresh water and sand (2) are inserted into the cylindrical part (10) of (9) from the upper end opening.
3) is sequentially injected. Thereby, the water-expandable rubber sheet (13) attached to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion (10)
The sealing performance of the elastic hollow body (9) is further enhanced by the expansion pressure and sand pressure obtained by reacting with the fresh water.

Next, a pair of metal horizontal holding pieces (24) having a U-shaped cross section are applied to the upper end portion of the sealing material (1) from both right and left sides, and these ends are bolted (25) and nut (26). Respectively, thereby forming the cylindrical portion (10) of the two elastic hollow bodies (9).
(See FIGS. 8 and 9).

After that, concrete is put on the upper part of each caisson (K), and the portion of the sealing material (1) above the top wall (K3) of the caisson (K) is buried in the concrete.

In the area surrounded by the caisson (K), after seawater is discharged by a pump, earth and sand and the like are charged and landfilled. And in the gap between adjacent caisson (K),
Waves from the sea side, landfill earth and sand from the landfill side will enter, respectively.In this state, the sealing material (1)
The sea-side flange (4a) of the vertical member (2) in (1) receives most of the wave pressure, and the landfill-side flange (4b) receives most of the earth pressure of the landfill. Elastic hollow body
Wave pressure and earth pressure over (9) will be greatly reduced. Therefore, the two elastic hollow bodies (9) only need to have a resiliency substantially equal to that of the conventional elastic hollow body used for the sealing material composed of a single elastic hollow body, and this ensures a sufficient sealing. The effect can be expected. In addition, due to the presence of both flanges (4a) and (4b), the vertical member (2) and the two elastic hollow
Since the wave pressure and earth pressure of the landfill hardly reach the connection with (9), there is no danger that these parts will be damaged by wave pressure or earth pressure.

In this embodiment, adjacent caisson
(K) Only the sea side of the gap between the sealing material according to the present invention (1)
The sealing material (1) may be interposed at two places on the sea side and landfill side of the gap between the caisson (K).

Embodiment 2 FIGS. 9 and 10 show another embodiment of the present invention, which has the same configuration as that of the above-described embodiment 1 except for the following points. It has a function and effect. That is, in the sealing member (31) of this embodiment, the eyebolts and the eye plates are provided on both flange portions (4a) and (4b) of the vertical member (2) as in the sealing member (1) of the first embodiment. The center part of a plurality of metal horizontal connecting pieces (32) having a U-shaped cross section is welded at predetermined intervals in the length direction on the outer surface of the sea side flange part (4a), and the landfill side flange part ( The central portion of a metal horizontal connecting piece (33) having an L-shaped cross section is welded to the upper end portion of the outer surface of 4b). Then, the connecting pieces (32) are attached with anchor bolts (34) so that both ends of the connecting pieces (32) straddle the sea-side wall (K1) of the adjacent caisson (K), and both ends of the connecting pieces (33) are adjacent to each other. It is attached to the top wall (K3) of the caisson (K) with anchor bolts (34). The upper portion of the pair of elastic hollow bodies (9) above the top wall (K3) of the caisson (K) is bent toward the caisson (K) side where one side thereof is crimped, and the top wall (K3 ), And a metal horizontal holding piece (35) having a substantially inverted U-shaped cross section is applied to the upper end of each elastic hollow body (9) from above, and both ends of each holding piece (35) are anchored. By fixing to the top wall (K3) of the caisson (K) with the bolt (36), the upper end opening of the cylindrical portion (10) of both elastic hollow bodies (9) is closed.

[0030]

According to the sealing material between seawall blocks of the present invention, a pair of elastic hollow bodies is provided, and the outer diameter or the maximum width of each elastic hollow body is made of a conventional single elastic hollow body. Since it can be reduced to about half of the case of wood,
Even when the gap between the revetment blocks to be sealed is wide, the elastic hollow body can sufficiently secure the elasticity. In addition, both flanges of the vertical member receive most of the wave pressure and earth pressure such as landfill, and the wave pressure and earth pressure received by both elastic hollow bodies are greatly reduced, which ensures the sealing effect. Can be maintained.

Further, according to the method of applying the seal material between the revetment blocks according to the present invention, the seal material which is made flat by evacuating the inside of the pair of elastic hollow bodies is inserted into the gap between the adjacent revetment blocks. A suitable sealing material can be used according to the gap between the revetment blocks. In addition, since the seal member is provided with a vertical member made of I-shaped steel, it is difficult to flow even when receiving a wave pressure from the side at the time of insertion into the gap between the revetment blocks. Therefore, it can be smoothly and accurately inserted into a predetermined position in the gap between the adjacent revetment blocks.

Therefore, according to the sealing material between the revetment blocks and the method of constructing the same according to the present invention, the gap between the adjacent revetment blocks can be obtained even when the revetment work is performed in a place where the water depth is deep and the wave conditions are severe such as the open sea. Can be easily and reliably performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view with an intermediate portion omitted showing a state in which upper and lower ends of an elastic hollow body in a sealing material between seawalls according to the present invention are cut off.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view with an intermediate portion omitted showing an embodiment of a sealing material between seawalls according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a method for applying a seal material between seawalls according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged front view showing a state after construction of a sealing material between seawalls according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged side view showing a state after construction of a sealing material between seawalls according to the present invention.

8 is a sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged plan view showing another embodiment of the sealing material between the revetment blocks and the method of applying the same according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged front view showing another embodiment of the sealing material between the revetment blocks and the construction method thereof according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a conventional example of a sealing material between seawall blocks and a method of applying the same.

FIG. 12 is a horizontal sectional view showing a conventional example of a sealing material between revetment blocks and a method of applying the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

(K) ... Caisson (seawall) (K2) ... Opposing side wall of adjacent caisson (seawall) (1) (31) ... Sealing material (2) ... Vertical member (3) ... web part ( 4a) (4b) ... Flange (9) ... Elastic hollow body

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A sealing member interposed in a gap between adjacent seawalls, wherein the sealing member is a vertical member made of an I-shaped steel, and a pair of vertically elongated elastic hollow bodies respectively attached to both surfaces of a web portion of the vertical member. One side portion of each elastic hollow body is formed as a crimping portion to the opposing side wall of the adjacent revetment block, one of the two flange portions of the vertical member is a wave pressure receiving portion, and the other is a wave pressure receiving portion. Sealing material between revetment blocks, which is used to receive the earth pressure of landfill. 2. A method in which a pair of elastic hollow bodies are evacuated and a flat sealing material is inserted into a gap between adjacent seawalls, and then air is introduced into the elastic hollow bodies to cause them to expand. The method for applying a seal material between seawalls according to claim 1.