JP3759277B2 - Pulp wastewater treatment method using fly ash - Google Patents
Pulp wastewater treatment method using fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- JP3759277B2 JP3759277B2 JP05641597A JP5641597A JP3759277B2 JP 3759277 B2 JP3759277 B2 JP 3759277B2 JP 05641597 A JP05641597 A JP 05641597A JP 5641597 A JP5641597 A JP 5641597A JP 3759277 B2 JP3759277 B2 JP 3759277B2
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- fly ash
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、石炭ボイラの燃焼により、産業固体廃棄物として発生するフライアッシュを用い、パルプ排水の脱色、脱COD及び脱臭技術に関するもので、フライアッシュを排水処理剤として活用する方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
既知の排水処理技術では、高度処理の手段として活性炭吸着法があり、処理効果は高い。しかしながら、この方法で用いる処理剤としての活性炭は高価であるため、ランニングコストが高くなり好ましくない。
【0003】
従来、この種の方法は特開平5−220387号公報に示されている様に、石炭灰を簡単な化学反応で結晶化し、高度処理用の処理剤として用いることは知られている。しかし、従来知られていた石炭灰の排水処理への利用方法に関する内容は、処理剤として用いる前に前処理を必要としており、ランニングコストへ影響すると考えられる。又、この際発生する汚泥の性状、処理方法についても明確にされていない。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、石炭ボイラの燃焼により、産業固体廃棄物として発生するフライアッシュを処理剤として用い、活性汚泥処理後や2次処理後のパルプ排水の脱色、脱COD及び脱臭を目的とした利用方法であり、水質保全的な問題を解決するものである。
【0005】
又、フライアッシュは、一部セメント原料として活用されている以外は、他の固体廃棄物と同様に埋立処分となり、この廃棄物を排水処理に利用することにより、廃棄物を有効に利用することとなり、環境保全上の問題をも同時に解決しようとするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、石炭ボイラの燃焼により発生するフライアッシュをパルプ排水に添加、混合し、その後沈降分離させてパルプ排水の脱色、脱COD及び脱臭を行い、良質な水質を得ると共に、沈降分離させた後、再燃焼させて再利用するパルプ排水の処理方法である。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、石炭ボイラの燃焼により発生したフライアッシュを、活性汚泥処理後や2次処理後(凝集沈殿処理)のパルプ排水中に添加し、混合し、沈降分離の後に良質な上澄水を得る方法である。本発明に用いられる石炭ボイラの燃焼により発生したフライアッシュは、SiO20〜50重量%、Al2O315〜25重量%、Fe2O38〜15重量%、MgO5重量%未満を主成分とするもので、その他としてはNa2O5重量%未満、K2O2重量%未満、TiO2 2重量%未満等を含有するものである。
【0008】
パルプ排水に対する、フライアッシュの添加量は、4重量%〜7重量%が好ましい。必要とする水質によって添加量の増減を行うが、4重量%以下では過少添加となる点で好ましくなく、7重量%以上では過剰添加となる点で好ましくない。
【0009】
又、パルプ排水にフライアッシュを添加後の混合、混合時間は、15分間以上が必要であり、好ましくは30分間以上である。
【0010】
この吸着処理後に発生する汚泥(フライアッシュ)は活性炭吸着と同様に、再燃焼後、再利用が可能であるので、本発明においては石炭ボイラの燃焼により発生するフライアッシュをパルプ排水に添加、混合し、沈降分離させた後、再燃焼させて再利用する添加、混合し、沈降分離させた後、再燃焼させて再利用する。又、無機汚泥としての処分も可能である。
【0011】
【実施例】
次に、本発明のパルプ排水の脱色、脱COD及び脱臭の実施例について詳細に説明する。
【0012】
排水の水質測定は以下の方法により行った。
色度:JIS K0102 工場排水試験方法 色度
COD:JIS K0102 工場排水試験方法 100℃における過マンガン酸カリウムによる酸素消費量の測定
臭気物質:悪臭防止法施行規則改正(環境庁告示第39号、平成6年4月21日)により求めた。
【0013】
参考例1
活性汚泥処理後のパルプ排水に対し、5重量%の割合でフライアッシュを添加し、最大60分として段階的に混合を行い、10分間静置後の上澄水の色度、CODの変化を調べた。表1に測定結果を示す。
【0014】
【表1】
【0015】
表1から色度、CODの両測定値が30分間の混合で破過点にほぼ達している。攪拌30分後の除去率は、色度が94%、CODが74%に達しており、石炭ボイラの燃焼により発生するフライアッシュがパルプ排水に対しての優れた処理剤であることが解る。
【0016】
参考例2
活性汚泥処理後のパルプ排水に対し、フライアッシュを3重量%添加し、30分間混合、攪拌を行い、10分間静置後の上澄水の色度、CODの変化を調べた。
【0017】
参考例3
活性汚泥処理後のパルプ排水に対し、フライアッシュを4重量%添加し、参考例2と同様の方法で上澄水の色度、CODの変化を調べた。
【0018】
参考例4
活性汚泥処理後のパルプ排水に対し、フライアッシュを7重量%添加し、参考例2と同様の方法で上澄水の色度、CODの変化を調べた。
【0019】
参考例5
活性汚泥処理後のパルプ排水に対し、フライアッシュを10重量%添加し、参考例2と同様の方法で上澄水の色度、CODの変化を調べた。
【0020】
比較例1
参考例2、3、4、5の比較としてフライアッシュ無添加で参考例2、3、4、5と同様の方法で上澄水の色度、CODの変化を調べた。表2に参考例2、3、4、5及び比較例1の測定結果を示す。
【0021】
【表2】
【0022】
表2から参考例3、4、5は参考例1と同等な効果が得られることが解る。又、フライアッシュの添加量が増加するにつれ水質の差が小さくなることから参考例4以上の添加量では、効果が殆ど変わらないことが解る。
【0023】
参考例6
活性汚泥処理後のパルプ排水に対し、5重量%の割合でフライアッシュを添加し、30分間混合した後のパルプ排水中の臭気物質を測定した。
【0024】
比較例2
参考例6の比較として、活性炭(和光純薬製:顆粒)を5重量%添加し、参考例5と同様の方法でパルプ排水中の臭気物質を測定した。表3に参考例6及び比較例1、2の測定結果を示す。
【0025】
【表3】
*:攪拌による臭気物質除去の影響があり、全て同様に攪拌した。
CL:水中濃度(単位:×10-3 mg/l)
H2S:硫化水素(単位:×10-3 mg/l)
MM:メチルメルカプタン(単位:×10-3 mg/l)
DMS:硫化メチル(単位:×10-3 mg/l)
DMDS:二硫化メチル(単位:×10-3 mg/l)
TS:全硫黄濃度(単位:×10-3 mg/l)
【0026】
フライアッシュ、活性炭両者において臭気物質の除去が認められている。TS除去率ではフライアッシュの方が優れている。
【0027】
参考例7
活性汚泥処理後のパルプ排水に対し、5重量%の割合でフライアッシュを添加し、30分間の混合の際の吸着前後のフライアッシュの強熱減量、発熱量の変化を測定した。表4に測定結果を示す。測定方法は以下により行った。
強熱減量:底質調査方法(環水管第127号、昭和63年9月4日)
発熱量:JIS M8814 石炭類及びコークス類の発熱量測定方法。
により求めた。
【0028】
【表4】
【0029】
吸着前後での強熱減量、発熱量はほぼ同等と見られる。
従って、排水処理後の汚泥(フライアッシュ)を燃焼して再利用することも可能であり、又、無機汚泥としての処分も可能である。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、活性汚泥処理、2次処理(凝集沈殿処理)をしてもなお着色していたり、臭気物質を有するパルプ排水を石炭ボイラから発生するフライアッシュを用いて脱色、脱COD及び脱臭することにより、地域住民の環境衛生の向上に貢献するとともに、水圏環境の保全に寄与する。
通常高度処理として用いた高価な活性炭は不必要となり、廉価なフライアッシュを吸着及びイオン交換資材として利用する本法は、経済的にも得策である。又、産業廃棄物として多量に排出され処理が困難となるフライアッシュを積極的に利用するものでもあり、環境浄化、資源のリサイクル・有効利用に役立つという有利な効果を生み出す。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to decolorization, COD, and deodorization technology of pulp wastewater using fly ash generated as industrial solid waste due to combustion of a coal boiler, and relates to a method of utilizing fly ash as a wastewater treatment agent.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the known wastewater treatment technology, there is an activated carbon adsorption method as a means of advanced treatment, and the treatment effect is high. However, activated carbon as a treating agent used in this method is expensive, which is not preferable because of high running cost.
[0003]
Conventionally, this type of method is known to crystallize coal ash by a simple chemical reaction and use it as a processing agent for advanced processing, as disclosed in JP-A-5-220387. However, the contents relating to the conventionally known methods for using coal ash for wastewater treatment require pre-treatment before being used as a treating agent, and are considered to affect running costs. Also, the properties and treatment methods of the sludge generated at this time are not clarified.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention uses fly ash generated as an industrial solid waste by burning a coal boiler as a treating agent, and uses it for the purpose of decolorizing, de-CODing and deodorizing pulp wastewater after activated sludge treatment or after secondary treatment. It solves water quality conservation problems.
[0005]
In addition, except that fly ash is partly used as a raw material for cement, it is disposed of in the same manner as other solid waste, and the waste can be used effectively by using this waste for wastewater treatment. Therefore, we are going to solve environmental conservation problems at the same time.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, fly ash generated by the combustion of a coal boiler is added to and mixed with pulp waste water, and then subjected to sedimentation separation to decolorize, de-COD, and deodorize pulp waste water to obtain a high-quality water quality and to separate by sedimentation Then, it is the processing method of the pulp waste water re-burned and reused .
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, fly ash generated by combustion of a coal boiler is added to pulp wastewater after activated sludge treatment or after secondary treatment (coagulation sedimentation treatment), mixed, and high quality supernatant water is obtained after sedimentation separation. Is the method. Fly ash generated by coal combustion boiler used in the present invention, SiO 2 0 to 50 wt%, Al 2 O 3 15-25% by weight, Fe 2 O 3 8 to 15 wt%, less than MgO5 wt% primary In addition, it contains less than 5% by weight of Na 2 O, less than 2 % by weight of K 2 O, less than 2 % by weight of TiO 2 and the like.
[0008]
The amount of fly ash added to the pulp wastewater is preferably 4% by weight to 7% by weight. The amount added is increased or decreased depending on the required water quality, but 4 wt% or less is not preferable in terms of excessive addition, and 7 wt% or more is not preferable in terms of excessive addition.
[0009]
Further, the mixing and mixing time after adding fly ash to the pulp wastewater requires 15 minutes or more, preferably 30 minutes or more.
[0010]
Since sludge (fly ash) generated after this adsorption treatment can be reused after recombustion, similar to activated carbon adsorption , in the present invention, fly ash generated by combustion of a coal boiler is added to and mixed with pulp waste water. Then, after being settled and separated, added and mixed for re-combustion and reuse, mixed, settled and separated, and then re-burned and reused . Moreover, disposal as inorganic sludge is also possible.
[0011]
【Example】
Next, examples of decolorization, de-COD and deodorization of pulp wastewater according to the present invention will be described in detail.
[0012]
The quality of wastewater was measured by the following method.
Chromaticity: JIS K0102 factory drainage test method Chromaticity COD: JIS K0102 factory drainage test method Measurement of oxygen consumption by potassium permanganate at 100 ° C (April 21, 6)).
[0013]
Reference example 1
Add 5% by weight fly ash to the pulp wastewater after activated sludge treatment, mix stepwise for a maximum of 60 minutes, and examine the changes in chromaticity and COD of the supernatant water after standing for 10 minutes. It was. Table 1 shows the measurement results.
[0014]
[Table 1]
[0015]
From Table 1, both measured values of chromaticity and COD almost reached the breakthrough point after mixing for 30 minutes. As for the removal rate after 30 minutes of stirring, the chromaticity reaches 94% and the COD reaches 74%, and it is understood that fly ash generated by the combustion of the coal boiler is an excellent treatment agent for pulp waste water.
[0016]
Reference example 2
3% by weight of fly ash was added to the pulp wastewater after the activated sludge treatment, mixed and stirred for 30 minutes, and the changes in chromaticity and COD of the supernatant after standing for 10 minutes were examined.
[0017]
Reference example 3
4% by weight of fly ash was added to the pulp wastewater after the activated sludge treatment, and the chromaticity and COD changes of the supernatant water were examined in the same manner as in Reference Example 2.
[0018]
Reference example 4
7% by weight of fly ash was added to the pulp wastewater after the activated sludge treatment, and the changes in the chromaticity and COD of the supernatant water were examined in the same manner as in Reference Example 2.
[0019]
Reference Example 5
10% by weight of fly ash was added to the pulp wastewater after the activated sludge treatment, and the chromaticity and COD changes of the supernatant water were examined in the same manner as in Reference Example 2.
[0020]
Comparative Example 1
As a comparison with Reference Examples 2, 3, 4, and 5, changes in the chromaticity and COD of the supernatant water were examined in the same manner as in Reference Examples 2, 3, 4, and 5 with no fly ash added. Table 2 shows the measurement results of Reference Examples 2, 3, 4, 5 and Comparative Example 1.
[0021]
[Table 2]
[0022]
From Table 2, it can be seen that Reference Examples 3, 4, and 5 have the same effects as Reference Example 1. Further, since the difference in water quality becomes smaller as the amount of fly ash added increases, it can be understood that the effect is hardly changed with the amount added in Reference Example 4 or more.
[0023]
Reference Example 6
Fly ash was added at a rate of 5% by weight to the pulp wastewater after the activated sludge treatment, and the odorous substance in the pulp wastewater after mixing for 30 minutes was measured.
[0024]
Comparative Example 2
As a comparison with Reference Example 6, 5% by weight of activated carbon (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd .: granules) was added, and odorous substances in the pulp waste water were measured in the same manner as in Reference Example 5. Table 3 shows the measurement results of Reference Example 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
[0025]
[Table 3]
*: There was an effect of removing odorous substances by stirring, and all were stirred in the same manner.
C L : Concentration in water (unit: × 10 −3 mg / l)
H 2 S: Hydrogen sulfide (unit: × 10 −3 mg / l)
MM: Methyl mercaptan (unit: × 10 -3 mg / l)
DMS: methyl sulfide (unit: × 10 -3 mg / l)
DMDS: methyl disulfide (unit: × 10 -3 mg / l)
TS: Total sulfur concentration (unit: × 10 -3 mg / l)
[0026]
Removal of odorous substances is recognized in both fly ash and activated carbon. Fly ash is superior in TS removal rate.
[0027]
Reference Example 7
Fly ash was added at a rate of 5% by weight to the pulp wastewater after the activated sludge treatment, and the ignition loss and the change in calorific value of the fly ash before and after adsorption during mixing for 30 minutes were measured. Table 4 shows the measurement results. The measurement method was as follows.
Ignition loss: Bottom survey method (Environment pipe No. 127, September 4, 1988)
Calorific value: JIS M8814 Calorific value measurement method for coals and cokes.
Determined by
[0028]
[Table 4]
[0029]
The ignition loss before and after the adsorption and the calorific value are almost the same.
Accordingly, the sludge (fly ash) after the waste water treatment can be burned and reused, and can be disposed as inorganic sludge.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, activated sludge treatment, secondary treatment (coagulation sedimentation treatment) is still colored, or pulp wastewater having odorous substances is decolorized, de-CODed and deodorized using fly ash generated from a coal boiler. This will contribute to the improvement of environmental sanitation for local residents and to the conservation of the aquatic environment.
In general, expensive activated carbon used as an advanced treatment is unnecessary, and this method using inexpensive fly ash as an adsorption and ion exchange material is economically advantageous. It also actively uses fly ash, which is discharged in large quantities as industrial waste and is difficult to treat, and produces an advantageous effect of being useful for environmental purification, resource recycling and effective use.
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JP05641597A JP3759277B2 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 1997-03-11 | Pulp wastewater treatment method using fly ash |
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JP05641597A JP3759277B2 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 1997-03-11 | Pulp wastewater treatment method using fly ash |
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JP3759277B2 true JP3759277B2 (en) | 2006-03-22 |
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WO2005096713A2 (en) * | 2004-04-07 | 2005-10-20 | Moi University | An electro-coagulation method of color removal in wastewater or water with low power consumption |
JP5401852B2 (en) * | 2008-07-03 | 2014-01-29 | 王子ホールディングス株式会社 | Ash processing method |
CN104402138B (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-02-10 | 姚雳 | A kind of pulping wastewater treatment method |
KR101637508B1 (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2016-07-08 | 에코이앤오주식회사 | Apparatus for waste-water reuse using advanced oxidation process |
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